CA1257066A - Composite building panel - Google Patents
Composite building panelInfo
- Publication number
- CA1257066A CA1257066A CA000487189A CA487189A CA1257066A CA 1257066 A CA1257066 A CA 1257066A CA 000487189 A CA000487189 A CA 000487189A CA 487189 A CA487189 A CA 487189A CA 1257066 A CA1257066 A CA 1257066A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- members
- panel
- composite building
- building panel
- transverse members
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Landscapes
- Load-Bearing And Curtain Walls (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
A composite building panel comprising a parallel and spaced-apart pair of substantially rigid side members; at least one pair of substantially rigid transverse members disposed between said side members at, or adjacent, respective ends thereof and normal thereto; a body portion of foamed plastic material accommodated within the area defined by said side and transverse members; a cladding panel overlying each face of said body portion; and a pair of bracing members, of thin cross-section and high tensile strength, disposed between at least one of said cladding panels and said body portion; said bracing members extending between diagonally-opposed corners defined by said side and transverse members and being affixed to said members at the said corners thereof.
A composite building panel comprising a parallel and spaced-apart pair of substantially rigid side members; at least one pair of substantially rigid transverse members disposed between said side members at, or adjacent, respective ends thereof and normal thereto; a body portion of foamed plastic material accommodated within the area defined by said side and transverse members; a cladding panel overlying each face of said body portion; and a pair of bracing members, of thin cross-section and high tensile strength, disposed between at least one of said cladding panels and said body portion; said bracing members extending between diagonally-opposed corners defined by said side and transverse members and being affixed to said members at the said corners thereof.
Description
~Z57~6 E;
This invention relates to a composite builcing panel.
M~ny attenlpts have been made to devise cost effective methods of building COnStrUCtiGn, especially for domestic dwellings. This has lead to the concept of modular systems of building using pre-fabricated elements which are adapted to be assembled on site These modular systems usually include pre-fabricated composite panels for internal and external walls, adjacent panels of the structure being either joined together in edge to edge fashion or via an intermediate ~"ember which forms a stud between the top and bottom plates. Preferably the pre-fabricated elements are of lightweight construction (hence the use of composite panels) as generally speaking the lighter t~e material from which the structure is formed then the lighter the member supporting the structure can be with the result that a structure can be manufactured which is very economical so far as building materials are concerned.
If a structure is made of the lightest materials possible it becomes prone to the effects of high wind loadings. ~iost conventional methods of construction using wood, brick, stone and concrete have sufficient dead load inherent in the structure to prevent them from being severly damaged or demolished in situations of high wind loadings.
The high dead load of conventional methods of construction however can, during seismic loadings, generate extremely '1 ~Z5~ ;6 high forces within the structure and these high forces ha~e to be dissipated saticfactorily ~i,thout undue deflection or distortion. ~ major cdvantase of a structure made of lightweight material is its resistance to seismic loadings.
Earthquakes generate ground undulations and lateral movements which impose an acceleration vertically and horizontally but more particularly horizontally. These accelerations cause the structure or the elements cf the structure to be accelerated and moved laterally or horizontally though in most cases in both directions at once with the degree of acceleration and deflection being directly prGportional to the mass of the structure. A light con~truction thus has insufficient weight to be excited by ground movement and therefore the effect upon it of seismic loading is virtually non-existent. Accordingly the amount of bracing and stiffness built into composite panels used in modular type constructicns together with the connections thereof with the roofing construction and floor/foundation construction must be sufficient to ensure that small loads induced by seismic activity can be coped with and dissipated satisfactorily.
It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide â composite building panel which is able to be readily and economically constructed from lightweight building materials but is so constructed and arranged as to be able to withstand wind loadings and ~57~6 dissipate small loadings induced by seismlc activity.
Thus, in accordance with the present invention there is provided a composite building panel comprising a parallel and spaced-apart pair of substantially rigid side members; at least a pair of substantially rigid transverse members disposed between said side members atf or adjacent, respective ends ~hereof and normal thereto; a body portion of foamed plastic makerial accommodated within the area defined by said side and transverse members; a cladding panel overlying each face of said body portion; and a pair of bracing members, of thin cross-section and high tensile strength, dlsposed between at least one of said cladding panels and said body portion, said bracing members extending be~ween diagonally - opposed corners defined by said side and transverse members; characterised 1n that said transverse members are not mechanlcally afixed to said side members but only in abutting relationship therewith; and in that said transverse members are afflxed to said bracing members.
Preferably, there are additional, substantially rigid transverse members disposed between the side members intermediate ~he said at least one pair of transverse members.
In order that the reader may gain a better understanding of the present invention, hereinafter will be descrlbed ~ertain preferred embodlments thereof, by way of example only, and with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:-Figure 1 is a plan view of one lorm o~ ~he ~2 S7~Ç~
composite panel, with a cladding panel removed;
Fig~lre ~ is a fragmentary cide view of thecomposite panel shown in Figure 1 but drawn to a larer scale, with the side member removed for clarity.
Figure ~ is a plan view of a further form of the composite panel, again with a cladding panel removed.
The panel 10 in its preferred embodiment is formed from a pair of rigid side members 11 which are formed from extruded aluminium and are preferably Gf such cross-sectional shape that the side member 11 of one panel can mate with the side mem.ber of another panel. In the preferred form ~he side members 11 are such that they mate in a snaplock fitting arrangement so that a positive connection between adjacent panels is formed. Extending between the ends of the side members 11 are transverse members 12 which are once again of extruded aluminium constructlon. In the preferred form of construction the two end transverse members 12 are not fastened directly to the side members 11. Also according to the preferred form of the invention and as more clearly shown in Figure 2 the cross-sectional shape of each end transverse member 12 has a tongue portion 13 which can fit into a suitably dimensioned and shaped recess in an extruded aluminium element which forms the top and bottom plates of a modular building construction system.
Each side of the frame which is effectively ~L2~6~
formed by the side members 11 and end transverse members 12 is clad with a panel 14 and 15. ~here the composi~e panel 10 is to form an exterior wall the panel 15 (which in use of the composite panel 1~ will form the outer surface of the building constructic,n) is formed by a manufactured cement panel such as fibrous cement. The panel 14 which is to form the inner wall surface of the wall is in the preferred form of the invention constructed from a manufactured panel such as gibralta board or a particle board. Panels 1~ and 15 are pop rivete~ to the side members 11 and end transvrse members 12.
Saridwiched between the two panels 14 and i5 may be one or more blocks 16 of a foamed plastic material. In the form of the panel illustrated in Figure 1 three such blocks 16 are incorporated and these blocks are preferably of a polystyrene foam. Additional transverse members 17 are located between adjacent blocks 16 and in the preferred form of the invention these transverse members 17 are of channel cross-section with the distance between the flanges thereof being sufficient to enable the edge of one block to be inserted therein. Once again in the preferred form of the invention these transverse members are not mechanically fastened to the side members 11.
The panel is completed by one or two sets of bracing members 18. This cross bracing 18 is formed by a pair of thin cross-section straps 19 constructed from a ~ ~ ~7 ~Ç~i high-tensile ~,aterial such as steel or a plastic Gr compo~ite plastic strap. The members 19 are pop rivcted at their ends ~o the corners Gf the panel formed by the side members 11 and transverse members 12 and are also fastened along their lengths to the transverse members 17. Once again it is preferred that the method of attachment is by pop rivetirg. ~.h~re the panel ls for an eY~ternal wall and thus the outside panel 15 is of a cement construction, then bracir.g members are not provided on that side of the frame so as to ens-lre that undue distortion of the panel 15 does not occur.
The composite panel 1~ is cf a very straightforward construction and according to the preferred method of r.~anufacture is built within a jig. By means of this method of construction one of the panels, say panel lS, i5 laid within the jig and then placed on top of that panel but within the confines of the jig are the side members 11 and end transverse members 12. The inside face of the panel is then coated with a contact adhesive as are the facing surfaces of the polystyrene blocks 16 whereupon the two end blocks are placed in position and preferably these have engaged thereon the transverse members 17. The central block 16 is then placed in position. The bracing members 13 are then laid in position and drilled and pop riveted to the corners and transverse members. No pretensioning of the members 19 is required. The upwardly facing surfaces o~ the ~2~7~
block 16 are then coated with a further contact ad'nesive and the facing panel 1~ is placed in position. Following this the facing panel 14 is pop riveted to the aluminium side and transverse members following which the panel is removed ~-rom the jig, turned over and the panel 15 then pop riveted to the aluminium side and transverse members to thereby complete construction o~ the panel.
It wlll be appreciated by those skilled in the art that when the panel is used in a modular building system the panel shown in Fiaure 1 forms a basic wall panel without any so-called "reveals" for windows or doors. lhe constructicn of the panel can readily be modified so as to provide such reveals and reference is made to Figure 3 o, the drawings wherein a panel suitably modified is proviaed with reveal 2~ for a window frame to be inserted therein.
The composite panel according to the present invention is most suited for a modular type building construction using lightweight materials. For example the construction can be formed primarily from aluminium material and manufactured panels. The roof trusses, top and bottom plates, floor bearers and joists can all be formed from aluminium componentry of suitable dimensions and cross-sectional configurations. The construction panels are butted together preferably in a locking arrangement so that the side members 11 of adjacent panels effectively combine to form studs. In the finished construction continuous ~2S~7~6~
bolts extend from the founaation to the trusses and these bolts are tensioned ~hen the structure is ~ully erected so as to preload or prestress the wall panels 10 to ensure that wind load uplift is carried without the initial deflection which normal modec Gf construction have to develop before they can carry the ~ind load. The bracing and stiffness built into the panels 10 together ~ith the bracing and the connections formed by t:he continuous bolts between the trusses and oundations ensure that small loads induced by seismic activity are coped with and dissipated without any undue deflection or distortion taking place.
The composite panel according to the present invention is of lightweight construction, can be readily and quickly constructed and is economic so far as use of materials and labour is concerned. ~onetheless, the particular construction and arragement of the panel ensures that the panel can be employed in situations where high wind loadings are experienced and it is able to dissipate small loads induced by seismic activity.
From the abovegoing, the reader will readily appreciate that composite building panels made in accordance with the present invention will provide the public with a new or much-improved building component or, at the very least, offer to it a useful and attractive choice.
..~
This invention relates to a composite builcing panel.
M~ny attenlpts have been made to devise cost effective methods of building COnStrUCtiGn, especially for domestic dwellings. This has lead to the concept of modular systems of building using pre-fabricated elements which are adapted to be assembled on site These modular systems usually include pre-fabricated composite panels for internal and external walls, adjacent panels of the structure being either joined together in edge to edge fashion or via an intermediate ~"ember which forms a stud between the top and bottom plates. Preferably the pre-fabricated elements are of lightweight construction (hence the use of composite panels) as generally speaking the lighter t~e material from which the structure is formed then the lighter the member supporting the structure can be with the result that a structure can be manufactured which is very economical so far as building materials are concerned.
If a structure is made of the lightest materials possible it becomes prone to the effects of high wind loadings. ~iost conventional methods of construction using wood, brick, stone and concrete have sufficient dead load inherent in the structure to prevent them from being severly damaged or demolished in situations of high wind loadings.
The high dead load of conventional methods of construction however can, during seismic loadings, generate extremely '1 ~Z5~ ;6 high forces within the structure and these high forces ha~e to be dissipated saticfactorily ~i,thout undue deflection or distortion. ~ major cdvantase of a structure made of lightweight material is its resistance to seismic loadings.
Earthquakes generate ground undulations and lateral movements which impose an acceleration vertically and horizontally but more particularly horizontally. These accelerations cause the structure or the elements cf the structure to be accelerated and moved laterally or horizontally though in most cases in both directions at once with the degree of acceleration and deflection being directly prGportional to the mass of the structure. A light con~truction thus has insufficient weight to be excited by ground movement and therefore the effect upon it of seismic loading is virtually non-existent. Accordingly the amount of bracing and stiffness built into composite panels used in modular type constructicns together with the connections thereof with the roofing construction and floor/foundation construction must be sufficient to ensure that small loads induced by seismic activity can be coped with and dissipated satisfactorily.
It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide â composite building panel which is able to be readily and economically constructed from lightweight building materials but is so constructed and arranged as to be able to withstand wind loadings and ~57~6 dissipate small loadings induced by seismlc activity.
Thus, in accordance with the present invention there is provided a composite building panel comprising a parallel and spaced-apart pair of substantially rigid side members; at least a pair of substantially rigid transverse members disposed between said side members atf or adjacent, respective ends ~hereof and normal thereto; a body portion of foamed plastic makerial accommodated within the area defined by said side and transverse members; a cladding panel overlying each face of said body portion; and a pair of bracing members, of thin cross-section and high tensile strength, dlsposed between at least one of said cladding panels and said body portion, said bracing members extending be~ween diagonally - opposed corners defined by said side and transverse members; characterised 1n that said transverse members are not mechanlcally afixed to said side members but only in abutting relationship therewith; and in that said transverse members are afflxed to said bracing members.
Preferably, there are additional, substantially rigid transverse members disposed between the side members intermediate ~he said at least one pair of transverse members.
In order that the reader may gain a better understanding of the present invention, hereinafter will be descrlbed ~ertain preferred embodlments thereof, by way of example only, and with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:-Figure 1 is a plan view of one lorm o~ ~he ~2 S7~Ç~
composite panel, with a cladding panel removed;
Fig~lre ~ is a fragmentary cide view of thecomposite panel shown in Figure 1 but drawn to a larer scale, with the side member removed for clarity.
Figure ~ is a plan view of a further form of the composite panel, again with a cladding panel removed.
The panel 10 in its preferred embodiment is formed from a pair of rigid side members 11 which are formed from extruded aluminium and are preferably Gf such cross-sectional shape that the side member 11 of one panel can mate with the side mem.ber of another panel. In the preferred form ~he side members 11 are such that they mate in a snaplock fitting arrangement so that a positive connection between adjacent panels is formed. Extending between the ends of the side members 11 are transverse members 12 which are once again of extruded aluminium constructlon. In the preferred form of construction the two end transverse members 12 are not fastened directly to the side members 11. Also according to the preferred form of the invention and as more clearly shown in Figure 2 the cross-sectional shape of each end transverse member 12 has a tongue portion 13 which can fit into a suitably dimensioned and shaped recess in an extruded aluminium element which forms the top and bottom plates of a modular building construction system.
Each side of the frame which is effectively ~L2~6~
formed by the side members 11 and end transverse members 12 is clad with a panel 14 and 15. ~here the composi~e panel 10 is to form an exterior wall the panel 15 (which in use of the composite panel 1~ will form the outer surface of the building constructic,n) is formed by a manufactured cement panel such as fibrous cement. The panel 14 which is to form the inner wall surface of the wall is in the preferred form of the invention constructed from a manufactured panel such as gibralta board or a particle board. Panels 1~ and 15 are pop rivete~ to the side members 11 and end transvrse members 12.
Saridwiched between the two panels 14 and i5 may be one or more blocks 16 of a foamed plastic material. In the form of the panel illustrated in Figure 1 three such blocks 16 are incorporated and these blocks are preferably of a polystyrene foam. Additional transverse members 17 are located between adjacent blocks 16 and in the preferred form of the invention these transverse members 17 are of channel cross-section with the distance between the flanges thereof being sufficient to enable the edge of one block to be inserted therein. Once again in the preferred form of the invention these transverse members are not mechanically fastened to the side members 11.
The panel is completed by one or two sets of bracing members 18. This cross bracing 18 is formed by a pair of thin cross-section straps 19 constructed from a ~ ~ ~7 ~Ç~i high-tensile ~,aterial such as steel or a plastic Gr compo~ite plastic strap. The members 19 are pop rivcted at their ends ~o the corners Gf the panel formed by the side members 11 and transverse members 12 and are also fastened along their lengths to the transverse members 17. Once again it is preferred that the method of attachment is by pop rivetirg. ~.h~re the panel ls for an eY~ternal wall and thus the outside panel 15 is of a cement construction, then bracir.g members are not provided on that side of the frame so as to ens-lre that undue distortion of the panel 15 does not occur.
The composite panel 1~ is cf a very straightforward construction and according to the preferred method of r.~anufacture is built within a jig. By means of this method of construction one of the panels, say panel lS, i5 laid within the jig and then placed on top of that panel but within the confines of the jig are the side members 11 and end transverse members 12. The inside face of the panel is then coated with a contact adhesive as are the facing surfaces of the polystyrene blocks 16 whereupon the two end blocks are placed in position and preferably these have engaged thereon the transverse members 17. The central block 16 is then placed in position. The bracing members 13 are then laid in position and drilled and pop riveted to the corners and transverse members. No pretensioning of the members 19 is required. The upwardly facing surfaces o~ the ~2~7~
block 16 are then coated with a further contact ad'nesive and the facing panel 1~ is placed in position. Following this the facing panel 14 is pop riveted to the aluminium side and transverse members following which the panel is removed ~-rom the jig, turned over and the panel 15 then pop riveted to the aluminium side and transverse members to thereby complete construction o~ the panel.
It wlll be appreciated by those skilled in the art that when the panel is used in a modular building system the panel shown in Fiaure 1 forms a basic wall panel without any so-called "reveals" for windows or doors. lhe constructicn of the panel can readily be modified so as to provide such reveals and reference is made to Figure 3 o, the drawings wherein a panel suitably modified is proviaed with reveal 2~ for a window frame to be inserted therein.
The composite panel according to the present invention is most suited for a modular type building construction using lightweight materials. For example the construction can be formed primarily from aluminium material and manufactured panels. The roof trusses, top and bottom plates, floor bearers and joists can all be formed from aluminium componentry of suitable dimensions and cross-sectional configurations. The construction panels are butted together preferably in a locking arrangement so that the side members 11 of adjacent panels effectively combine to form studs. In the finished construction continuous ~2S~7~6~
bolts extend from the founaation to the trusses and these bolts are tensioned ~hen the structure is ~ully erected so as to preload or prestress the wall panels 10 to ensure that wind load uplift is carried without the initial deflection which normal modec Gf construction have to develop before they can carry the ~ind load. The bracing and stiffness built into the panels 10 together ~ith the bracing and the connections formed by t:he continuous bolts between the trusses and oundations ensure that small loads induced by seismic activity are coped with and dissipated without any undue deflection or distortion taking place.
The composite panel according to the present invention is of lightweight construction, can be readily and quickly constructed and is economic so far as use of materials and labour is concerned. ~onetheless, the particular construction and arragement of the panel ensures that the panel can be employed in situations where high wind loadings are experienced and it is able to dissipate small loads induced by seismic activity.
From the abovegoing, the reader will readily appreciate that composite building panels made in accordance with the present invention will provide the public with a new or much-improved building component or, at the very least, offer to it a useful and attractive choice.
..~
Claims (8)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. A composite building panel comprising a parallel and spaced-apart pair of substantially rigid side members; at least a pair of substantially rigid transverse members disposed between said side members at, or adjacent, respective ends thereof and normal thereto; a body portion of foamed plastic material accommodated within the area defined by said side and transverse members; a cladding panel overlying each face of said body portion; and a pair of bracing members, of thin cross-section and high tensile strength, disposed between at least one of said cladding panels and said body portion, said bracing members extending between diagonally - opposed corners defined by said side and transverse members; characterised in that said transverse members are not mechanically affixed to said side members but only in abutting relationship therewith; and in that said transverse members are affixed to said bracing members.
2. The composite building panel as claimed in claim 1, wherein a plurality of additional substantially rigid transverse members is disposed between said side members intermediate said at least one pair of transverse members.
3. The composite building panel as claimed in claim 1, wherein said body portion is composed of a plurality of blocks of said foamed plastic material.
4. The composite building panel as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein said panel is provided with a reveal, thereby being adapted for insertion therein of a window frame.
5. The composite building panel as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein one said cladding panel forms a portion for an external wall of a building, there being no bracing members interposed between the said external cladding panel and the body portion.
6. The composite building panel as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3 wherein said cladding panels are affixed to said side and transverse members, and the ends of said bracing members are affixed at the said defined corners.
7. The composite building panel as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein each said side member is such that it is able to mate with a co-acting side member of an adjoining composite building panel, to thereby constitute a stud.
8. The composite building panel as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein each said end transverse member is formed with an elongated tongue portion extending over its length, thereby being adapted to co-operate with a corresponding recess in a top or bottom plate of a building construction.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000487189A CA1257066A (en) | 1985-07-22 | 1985-07-22 | Composite building panel |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000487189A CA1257066A (en) | 1985-07-22 | 1985-07-22 | Composite building panel |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1257066A true CA1257066A (en) | 1989-07-11 |
Family
ID=4131016
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000487189A Expired CA1257066A (en) | 1985-07-22 | 1985-07-22 | Composite building panel |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1257066A (en) |
-
1985
- 1985-07-22 CA CA000487189A patent/CA1257066A/en not_active Expired
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |