CA1256051A - Skip - Google Patents
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- Publication number
- CA1256051A CA1256051A CA000434813A CA434813A CA1256051A CA 1256051 A CA1256051 A CA 1256051A CA 000434813 A CA000434813 A CA 000434813A CA 434813 A CA434813 A CA 434813A CA 1256051 A CA1256051 A CA 1256051A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- chamber
- door
- skip
- mine
- opening
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B17/00—Hoistway equipment
- B66B17/08—Mining skips
Landscapes
- Filling Or Emptying Of Bunkers, Hoppers, And Tanks (AREA)
- Operating, Guiding And Securing Of Roll- Type Closing Members (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
A skip to be suspended in a mine shaft has a body defining a normally downwardly extending storage chamber. A discharge opening is defined in the body, and a door is provided for closing the discharge opening, the door being openable to allow material to be discharged from the chamber. At least a substantial part of the height of the chamber is of generally circular-cross section and has a cross-sectional area which increases downwardly so that the storage chamber widens downwardly within the body.
A skip to be suspended in a mine shaft has a body defining a normally downwardly extending storage chamber. A discharge opening is defined in the body, and a door is provided for closing the discharge opening, the door being openable to allow material to be discharged from the chamber. At least a substantial part of the height of the chamber is of generally circular-cross section and has a cross-sectional area which increases downwardly so that the storage chamber widens downwardly within the body.
Description
lZ~6-(~51 THIS INVENTION relates to skips.
Square or rectangular cross-sectional bodies have been used extensively in mine skips, such as that in USA Patent 2790569, and required reinforcing - 5 in order to maintain their shape and to provide them with adequate strength. This resulted in considerable labour and material costs and required a large number of components for each skip. In addition, the resulting skips were often heavy and were prone to considerable wear.
The combined mass of the skips and their full loads and the momentum gained in their travel resulted in the need for skip housings at the top of shafts to provide for considerable over-run of the relatively rapidly travelling skips, increasing the costs of the housings.
The skip disclosed in UK publication 2l04495 (US application 30l703) has a body in whiah the two pairs of opposed walls diverge downwardly so that the storage chamber in the body widens downwardly within the body~
~4~
~ZS6~51 Provision of the downwardly diverging walls and thus of the downwardly widening chamber can help to eliminate wear on side, back and front walls of the body as material moves downwardly within the chamber. However, it has been found that the effectiveness of the downwardly widening chamber can be increased.
Furthermore, the skip of UK Publication 2104495 does not overcome the need for substantial reinforcing of the body and nor does it enable the combined mass of the skip and full load to be significantly reduced.
The present invention therefore aims to provide a skip which, the Applicant believes, will help to alleviate certain of the problems not fully solved by the invention of UK Publication 2104495.
According to the invention, there is provided a skip to be suspended in a mine shaft and comprising a body defining a normally downwardly extending storage chamber, a discharge opening defined in the body, and a door for closing the discharge opening, the door being openable to allow material to be discharged from the chamber, wherein along at least a substantial part of the height of the chamber is of generally circular-B~
1~56~51 cross section with a cross-sectional area which increases downwardly so that at least part of the storage chamber widens downwardly within the body.
Because of the part of the body of circular cross-section, the body need not be provided with reinforcing comparable to that required for square or rectangular skip bodies, in which case the mass of the skip can be greatly reduced. In addition, this part of the body may be formed primarily from a single sheet of plate material bent and joined at a single junction, for example by welding, instead of the much greater number of junctions required in prior art skips referred to above.
The height of the chamber may be greater than its greatest horizontal dimension, usually more than double this, measured in the normal operating condition of thé skip.
The body may have a peripheral wall encircling said chamber and an integral sloping bottom adjacent to the discharge opening for directing material towards the opening, the sloping bottom extending from a top portion to a bottom portion adjacent to a bottom portion of the discharge lZ~Sl opening.
The cross-sectional area of the chamber may preferably increase downwardly along substantially the whole of the height of the chamber above the top portion of the sloping bottom, the provision of the downwardly widening chamber helping to reduce wear on the inside of the wall of the skip as material moves downwardly within the skip. In order to inhibit wear still further, the inside of the peripheral wall of the skip may be provided with deflectors, such as rings, secured to said peripheral wall, for deflecting downwardly moving material inwardly away from the inside of the peripheral wall of the skip. These deflectors are preferably provided at least at the lower part of the inside of the wall of the skip, for example at spaced intervals up at least a fifth of the height of that part of the chamber above the sloping bottom.
The door may be pivotally mounted on said body and locatable beneath part of said chamber for closing the discharge opening, and may be pivotable downwardly for adopting a position defining a chute surface beneath said opening to allow material to be discharged from the chamber and guided away from the opening. The door may be pivotable about an axis - 1256~)S~
adjacent to the bottom portion of said sloping bottom. For example, the door may be connected to the body by suitable trunnions at opposite sides of the door to provide for necessary movement of the door while keeping adjacent edges of the bottom and door in a relationship for substantially preventing passage of material between the surfaces at the junction.
Any suitable means may be provided for holding the door of the skip normally in a closed condition, and an over-centre arrangement is particularly suitable for this purpose. In one embodiment, the skip may have over-centre mechanisms at opposite sides of the body and these mechanisms may be operable to open and close the door. The mechanisms may be movable to an over-centre condition releasably to lock the door in its closed condition and may be arranged so that the load on the door, the weight of the door itself, and possibly the weight of any operating means provided for operating the door may be used to bias the mechanisms to remain in th'is locked, over-centre condition.
Each mechanism may, for example, include an arm pivotally connected to the door, a lever having one region pivotally connected to the body and one 12S~Sl region pivotally connected to the arm, and a follower - connected to the lever and movable by a cam track in a predetermined direction to move the arm and release the respective mechanism from its locked over-centre condition, enabling the door to move to its open position.
Each over-centre mechanism may be such that a line extending between the axes of the pivotal connections of the arm to the door and of the arm to the lever is on one side of the pivot axis of the lever when the mechanism is in its over-centre condition and on the opposite side of that axis when the mechanism is in its open condition. Any reaction forces applied to the lever from the closed door will extend along such a line and will serve to retain the mechanism in its over-centre condition until the arm is pivoted.
Material is normally discharged into the skip from a loading flask, and such loading flasks often direct material from the feed side of the skip toward~ the opposite side of the skip, which can result in undue wear on the inside of the wall at the opposite side of the skip. In order to help reduce this wear, the inside wall at the opposite side of the skip can be provided with a wear-resistant liner lZS6(~Sl at least at the location where the wear is otherwise likely to be most pronounced.
An embodiment of the invention will now be described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying schematic drawings, in which Figure 1 is a partial view of a skip in a job's bridle;
Figure 2 is a partial side view showing the closed skip and bridle;
Figure 3 is a view of the lower part of the skip in its open condition;
Figure 4 is a section through the lower part of the skip;
Figure S is a section through a door mounting ; 15 trunnion;
Figure 6 is a cross-sectional plan view on line VI-VI of Figure 2; and Figure 7 is a side view of a cam track for operating the skip.
Referring to the drawings in more detail', a skip 10 is mounted in a job's bridle 12 on pivot shafts 14 and is prevented from swinging within the bridle by means of locks 16. The bridle may be of a conventional construction and may be capable of 25 receiving a mancage in place of the skip.
lZS6~51 The bridle has suitable guides (not shown) for co-operating with a guide assembly in a mine shaft to guide the bridle for movement in a vertical direction.
The skip has a body 18 comprising ~n annular peripheral wall 20 defined about a substantially central vertical axis of the skip and of substantially circular cross-section, in plan view, along the major part of its height, an upper curved wall 22, and upper side walls 24. At its upper end, the body is provided with a feed opening 26 between the side walls 24 for receiving material from a loading flask and a feeder chute.
The annular wall 20 encircles and substan-tially defines a storage chamber 28 of generally circular cross-section and the cross-sectional area of this chamber increases downwardly over a height of, for example, about 4500 mm from the top of the chamber, which is just below the feed opening 26 and at which the chamber has a diameter of, for exampl~e, about 1200 mm, to a level immediately above the top portion of a sloping bottom 32 of the body 18, the diameter of the chamber at this level being about 1300 mm, for example. Annular rings 30 (Figure 2) are welded to the inside surface of the annular wall - lZS6~51 20 up the lower part of the height of that part of the chamber above the bottom 32 over a distance of at least 1000 mm. These rings may be spaced at suitable distances of, for example, from 10 to 300 mm apart and may serve as deflectors for deflecting downwardly moving material inwardly away from the i~side of the wall 22 of the skip to reduce wear of the walls at the lower part of the skip.
secause the wall 20 is of circular cross-section, external reinforcing ribs at uniformlyspaced distances up the outside of the wall 20 are not necessary. The absence of such ribs assists in enabling the mass of the skip to be reduced when compared with rectangular skips of similar load-carrying capabilities.
The bottom of the skip is partially closedby the sloping bottom 32, which is semi-elliptical and which is inclined downwardly at a suitable angle with respect to the central vertical axis of the skip and extends over approximately half of the area of the bottom of the skip. A discharge opening 34 is defined between a bottom portion of the sloping bottom 36 substantially intersecting said axis and part of the wall 20 of the body and is normally closed by a door 38. The door and body can be provided with wear plates 40 in a suitable manner.
lZ56~51 The door 38 is pivotally mounted on trunnions 42 (shown in Figures 4 and 5). Each of these trunnions is formed partly by a respective end of a rigid rod 44 of substantially s~uare cross-section along the major part of its length. The ends46 of the rod are rounded and lock washers 48 are fitted onto the ends of the rod and trap bearings S0 in position. Each bearing 50 is received within a bearing housing 52 provided with a cover plate 54. A
spacer 56 is provided on the rod between the square part of the rod and the respective bearing 50 and a labyrinth seal 58 is formed between the spacer 56 and the bearing housing 52.
The square part of the rod 44 is welded to ribs 60 spaced along the bottom 36 of the skip and mounting plates 62 are fixed rigidly to the bearing housing 52 at each side of the skip. The door 38 is fixed rigidly to the mounting plates 62 at a position such that it is eccentrically mounted with respect to the ax~s of rotation 64 of the trunnion. The mounting of the door is such that, in the closed , condition of the door shown in Figure 4, the wear plate 40 of the door presses against the lower edge of the bottom 36 of the skip. However, as the door is pivoted in the direction of arrow 66 in Figure 4, the door moves away from the lower edge of the bottom lZS~S~I
36 and swings through an arc about the axis 64 until it reaches a position shown in Figure 3 where it is almost parallel to the bottom 36 with its upper end below the level of the lower part of the bottom 36.
In this position, the bottom and door form a chute for guiding material flowing from the skip. The door is provided with side plates 68 to further improve the guiding of the material.
The skip shown has shock pads of suitable rubber between the wear plates 40 and lower plates 72 of the bottom 36 and door 38. These assist in avoiding the 'nut cracker' effect that sometimes arises when doors close in a manner similar to that illustrated. However, if it is considered that a 'nut cracker' effect is likely to arise when the door of the skip shown is closed, it is possible to provide the bottom 36 of the hopper with a wedge-like formation which tapers to a point at the lower part of the plate 72 of the bottom 36. This arrangement can result in particles that would normally be subject to a 'nut cracker' action being squeezed out from between the bottom 36 and the door 38 as the door closes.
The door of the skip shown is normally held in its closed condition by a door control means 1256QSl including over-centre mechanisms 74 at opposite sides of the body 18. Each such mechanism includes a follower 76 in the form of a tipping wheel, an arm 78 pivotally connected to a respective pivot 80 on the door and a lever 82 pivotally connected to a mounting 84 on the body 18 of the skip by a pivot 86. The mounting 84 may be a relatively simple member welded to the wall 20, and may be of any suitable shape, as shown in Figures 2 and 6.
The end of each lever 82 furthest from the respective pivot 86 is provided with a pivot 88 connecting to the free end of the arm 78, the follower 76 being located on the lever 82 between the pivots 86 and 88.
As shown in Figure 2, each arm 78 is cranked so that, with the door in its normal closed condition, it rests against a supporting shaft of the follower 76 in a locked over-centre condition. If required, guides may be provided on the body for guiding the arm to move to this position. The ar~ is cranked to such an extent that an imayinary line 90 passing through the axes of the pivots 80 and 88 is on one side of the axis of the pivot 86 when the door is in its closed condition and moves to the opposite side of the axis of the pivot 86 when the door is moving to its open condition. Thus, when the door is 1256(~51 in the position shown in Figure 2, forces applied to the closed door by a load in the skip, and the weight of the door itself, serve to provide a reaction force along the imaginary line and increase the locking S effect of the mechanissms. The door is opened by causing each follower 76 to follow a path such as the path 92 of Figure 3 as the skip moves upwardly into the head gear of a mine.
In order to cause the followers,76 to follow such a path, the skip is used with a skip head which includes cam tracks 96 and 98 arranged on opposite sides of the skip head and facing towards one another for receiving the followers 76 of the respective over-centre mechanism. When the skip moves upwardly into the skip head, the followers 76 move upwardly between the respective cam tracks 96 and 98 in the direction of arrow lO0 and are guided between the cam tracks, the cam tracks 98 forcing the followers to move the méchanisms 74 from their over-centre locked condition and the cam tracks 96supporting the followers 76 to prevent excessivel~
rapid opening of the door 38 once the mechanisms have moved from the over-centre condition. The tracks 96 support the followers 76 until the door 38 is fully Open.
12S6(~51 When the skip is again moved downwardly, the cam tracks 96 force the followers 76 to move in the opposite direction and, in due course, force the mechanîsms 74 to return to the over-centre condition so that the door 38 is again locked.
Although the downwardly diverging shape of the skip and the rings 30 can assist in reducing undue wear of the annular wall 20 of the skip, it may be found that material flowing into the skip from a loading flask will be projected across the width of the skip and strike the inside wall surface of the skip at the side of the skip facing the feed opening but usually below the level of the feed opening 26.
In order to inhibit undue wear as a result of this, a wear-resistant liner 102 may be bonded to the inside of the wall of the skip where the wear resulting from flow of material into the skip would otherwise be most pronounced.
Square or rectangular cross-sectional bodies have been used extensively in mine skips, such as that in USA Patent 2790569, and required reinforcing - 5 in order to maintain their shape and to provide them with adequate strength. This resulted in considerable labour and material costs and required a large number of components for each skip. In addition, the resulting skips were often heavy and were prone to considerable wear.
The combined mass of the skips and their full loads and the momentum gained in their travel resulted in the need for skip housings at the top of shafts to provide for considerable over-run of the relatively rapidly travelling skips, increasing the costs of the housings.
The skip disclosed in UK publication 2l04495 (US application 30l703) has a body in whiah the two pairs of opposed walls diverge downwardly so that the storage chamber in the body widens downwardly within the body~
~4~
~ZS6~51 Provision of the downwardly diverging walls and thus of the downwardly widening chamber can help to eliminate wear on side, back and front walls of the body as material moves downwardly within the chamber. However, it has been found that the effectiveness of the downwardly widening chamber can be increased.
Furthermore, the skip of UK Publication 2104495 does not overcome the need for substantial reinforcing of the body and nor does it enable the combined mass of the skip and full load to be significantly reduced.
The present invention therefore aims to provide a skip which, the Applicant believes, will help to alleviate certain of the problems not fully solved by the invention of UK Publication 2104495.
According to the invention, there is provided a skip to be suspended in a mine shaft and comprising a body defining a normally downwardly extending storage chamber, a discharge opening defined in the body, and a door for closing the discharge opening, the door being openable to allow material to be discharged from the chamber, wherein along at least a substantial part of the height of the chamber is of generally circular-B~
1~56~51 cross section with a cross-sectional area which increases downwardly so that at least part of the storage chamber widens downwardly within the body.
Because of the part of the body of circular cross-section, the body need not be provided with reinforcing comparable to that required for square or rectangular skip bodies, in which case the mass of the skip can be greatly reduced. In addition, this part of the body may be formed primarily from a single sheet of plate material bent and joined at a single junction, for example by welding, instead of the much greater number of junctions required in prior art skips referred to above.
The height of the chamber may be greater than its greatest horizontal dimension, usually more than double this, measured in the normal operating condition of thé skip.
The body may have a peripheral wall encircling said chamber and an integral sloping bottom adjacent to the discharge opening for directing material towards the opening, the sloping bottom extending from a top portion to a bottom portion adjacent to a bottom portion of the discharge lZ~Sl opening.
The cross-sectional area of the chamber may preferably increase downwardly along substantially the whole of the height of the chamber above the top portion of the sloping bottom, the provision of the downwardly widening chamber helping to reduce wear on the inside of the wall of the skip as material moves downwardly within the skip. In order to inhibit wear still further, the inside of the peripheral wall of the skip may be provided with deflectors, such as rings, secured to said peripheral wall, for deflecting downwardly moving material inwardly away from the inside of the peripheral wall of the skip. These deflectors are preferably provided at least at the lower part of the inside of the wall of the skip, for example at spaced intervals up at least a fifth of the height of that part of the chamber above the sloping bottom.
The door may be pivotally mounted on said body and locatable beneath part of said chamber for closing the discharge opening, and may be pivotable downwardly for adopting a position defining a chute surface beneath said opening to allow material to be discharged from the chamber and guided away from the opening. The door may be pivotable about an axis - 1256~)S~
adjacent to the bottom portion of said sloping bottom. For example, the door may be connected to the body by suitable trunnions at opposite sides of the door to provide for necessary movement of the door while keeping adjacent edges of the bottom and door in a relationship for substantially preventing passage of material between the surfaces at the junction.
Any suitable means may be provided for holding the door of the skip normally in a closed condition, and an over-centre arrangement is particularly suitable for this purpose. In one embodiment, the skip may have over-centre mechanisms at opposite sides of the body and these mechanisms may be operable to open and close the door. The mechanisms may be movable to an over-centre condition releasably to lock the door in its closed condition and may be arranged so that the load on the door, the weight of the door itself, and possibly the weight of any operating means provided for operating the door may be used to bias the mechanisms to remain in th'is locked, over-centre condition.
Each mechanism may, for example, include an arm pivotally connected to the door, a lever having one region pivotally connected to the body and one 12S~Sl region pivotally connected to the arm, and a follower - connected to the lever and movable by a cam track in a predetermined direction to move the arm and release the respective mechanism from its locked over-centre condition, enabling the door to move to its open position.
Each over-centre mechanism may be such that a line extending between the axes of the pivotal connections of the arm to the door and of the arm to the lever is on one side of the pivot axis of the lever when the mechanism is in its over-centre condition and on the opposite side of that axis when the mechanism is in its open condition. Any reaction forces applied to the lever from the closed door will extend along such a line and will serve to retain the mechanism in its over-centre condition until the arm is pivoted.
Material is normally discharged into the skip from a loading flask, and such loading flasks often direct material from the feed side of the skip toward~ the opposite side of the skip, which can result in undue wear on the inside of the wall at the opposite side of the skip. In order to help reduce this wear, the inside wall at the opposite side of the skip can be provided with a wear-resistant liner lZS6(~Sl at least at the location where the wear is otherwise likely to be most pronounced.
An embodiment of the invention will now be described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying schematic drawings, in which Figure 1 is a partial view of a skip in a job's bridle;
Figure 2 is a partial side view showing the closed skip and bridle;
Figure 3 is a view of the lower part of the skip in its open condition;
Figure 4 is a section through the lower part of the skip;
Figure S is a section through a door mounting ; 15 trunnion;
Figure 6 is a cross-sectional plan view on line VI-VI of Figure 2; and Figure 7 is a side view of a cam track for operating the skip.
Referring to the drawings in more detail', a skip 10 is mounted in a job's bridle 12 on pivot shafts 14 and is prevented from swinging within the bridle by means of locks 16. The bridle may be of a conventional construction and may be capable of 25 receiving a mancage in place of the skip.
lZS6~51 The bridle has suitable guides (not shown) for co-operating with a guide assembly in a mine shaft to guide the bridle for movement in a vertical direction.
The skip has a body 18 comprising ~n annular peripheral wall 20 defined about a substantially central vertical axis of the skip and of substantially circular cross-section, in plan view, along the major part of its height, an upper curved wall 22, and upper side walls 24. At its upper end, the body is provided with a feed opening 26 between the side walls 24 for receiving material from a loading flask and a feeder chute.
The annular wall 20 encircles and substan-tially defines a storage chamber 28 of generally circular cross-section and the cross-sectional area of this chamber increases downwardly over a height of, for example, about 4500 mm from the top of the chamber, which is just below the feed opening 26 and at which the chamber has a diameter of, for exampl~e, about 1200 mm, to a level immediately above the top portion of a sloping bottom 32 of the body 18, the diameter of the chamber at this level being about 1300 mm, for example. Annular rings 30 (Figure 2) are welded to the inside surface of the annular wall - lZS6~51 20 up the lower part of the height of that part of the chamber above the bottom 32 over a distance of at least 1000 mm. These rings may be spaced at suitable distances of, for example, from 10 to 300 mm apart and may serve as deflectors for deflecting downwardly moving material inwardly away from the i~side of the wall 22 of the skip to reduce wear of the walls at the lower part of the skip.
secause the wall 20 is of circular cross-section, external reinforcing ribs at uniformlyspaced distances up the outside of the wall 20 are not necessary. The absence of such ribs assists in enabling the mass of the skip to be reduced when compared with rectangular skips of similar load-carrying capabilities.
The bottom of the skip is partially closedby the sloping bottom 32, which is semi-elliptical and which is inclined downwardly at a suitable angle with respect to the central vertical axis of the skip and extends over approximately half of the area of the bottom of the skip. A discharge opening 34 is defined between a bottom portion of the sloping bottom 36 substantially intersecting said axis and part of the wall 20 of the body and is normally closed by a door 38. The door and body can be provided with wear plates 40 in a suitable manner.
lZ56~51 The door 38 is pivotally mounted on trunnions 42 (shown in Figures 4 and 5). Each of these trunnions is formed partly by a respective end of a rigid rod 44 of substantially s~uare cross-section along the major part of its length. The ends46 of the rod are rounded and lock washers 48 are fitted onto the ends of the rod and trap bearings S0 in position. Each bearing 50 is received within a bearing housing 52 provided with a cover plate 54. A
spacer 56 is provided on the rod between the square part of the rod and the respective bearing 50 and a labyrinth seal 58 is formed between the spacer 56 and the bearing housing 52.
The square part of the rod 44 is welded to ribs 60 spaced along the bottom 36 of the skip and mounting plates 62 are fixed rigidly to the bearing housing 52 at each side of the skip. The door 38 is fixed rigidly to the mounting plates 62 at a position such that it is eccentrically mounted with respect to the ax~s of rotation 64 of the trunnion. The mounting of the door is such that, in the closed , condition of the door shown in Figure 4, the wear plate 40 of the door presses against the lower edge of the bottom 36 of the skip. However, as the door is pivoted in the direction of arrow 66 in Figure 4, the door moves away from the lower edge of the bottom lZS~S~I
36 and swings through an arc about the axis 64 until it reaches a position shown in Figure 3 where it is almost parallel to the bottom 36 with its upper end below the level of the lower part of the bottom 36.
In this position, the bottom and door form a chute for guiding material flowing from the skip. The door is provided with side plates 68 to further improve the guiding of the material.
The skip shown has shock pads of suitable rubber between the wear plates 40 and lower plates 72 of the bottom 36 and door 38. These assist in avoiding the 'nut cracker' effect that sometimes arises when doors close in a manner similar to that illustrated. However, if it is considered that a 'nut cracker' effect is likely to arise when the door of the skip shown is closed, it is possible to provide the bottom 36 of the hopper with a wedge-like formation which tapers to a point at the lower part of the plate 72 of the bottom 36. This arrangement can result in particles that would normally be subject to a 'nut cracker' action being squeezed out from between the bottom 36 and the door 38 as the door closes.
The door of the skip shown is normally held in its closed condition by a door control means 1256QSl including over-centre mechanisms 74 at opposite sides of the body 18. Each such mechanism includes a follower 76 in the form of a tipping wheel, an arm 78 pivotally connected to a respective pivot 80 on the door and a lever 82 pivotally connected to a mounting 84 on the body 18 of the skip by a pivot 86. The mounting 84 may be a relatively simple member welded to the wall 20, and may be of any suitable shape, as shown in Figures 2 and 6.
The end of each lever 82 furthest from the respective pivot 86 is provided with a pivot 88 connecting to the free end of the arm 78, the follower 76 being located on the lever 82 between the pivots 86 and 88.
As shown in Figure 2, each arm 78 is cranked so that, with the door in its normal closed condition, it rests against a supporting shaft of the follower 76 in a locked over-centre condition. If required, guides may be provided on the body for guiding the arm to move to this position. The ar~ is cranked to such an extent that an imayinary line 90 passing through the axes of the pivots 80 and 88 is on one side of the axis of the pivot 86 when the door is in its closed condition and moves to the opposite side of the axis of the pivot 86 when the door is moving to its open condition. Thus, when the door is 1256(~51 in the position shown in Figure 2, forces applied to the closed door by a load in the skip, and the weight of the door itself, serve to provide a reaction force along the imaginary line and increase the locking S effect of the mechanissms. The door is opened by causing each follower 76 to follow a path such as the path 92 of Figure 3 as the skip moves upwardly into the head gear of a mine.
In order to cause the followers,76 to follow such a path, the skip is used with a skip head which includes cam tracks 96 and 98 arranged on opposite sides of the skip head and facing towards one another for receiving the followers 76 of the respective over-centre mechanism. When the skip moves upwardly into the skip head, the followers 76 move upwardly between the respective cam tracks 96 and 98 in the direction of arrow lO0 and are guided between the cam tracks, the cam tracks 98 forcing the followers to move the méchanisms 74 from their over-centre locked condition and the cam tracks 96supporting the followers 76 to prevent excessivel~
rapid opening of the door 38 once the mechanisms have moved from the over-centre condition. The tracks 96 support the followers 76 until the door 38 is fully Open.
12S6(~51 When the skip is again moved downwardly, the cam tracks 96 force the followers 76 to move in the opposite direction and, in due course, force the mechanîsms 74 to return to the over-centre condition so that the door 38 is again locked.
Although the downwardly diverging shape of the skip and the rings 30 can assist in reducing undue wear of the annular wall 20 of the skip, it may be found that material flowing into the skip from a loading flask will be projected across the width of the skip and strike the inside wall surface of the skip at the side of the skip facing the feed opening but usually below the level of the feed opening 26.
In order to inhibit undue wear as a result of this, a wear-resistant liner 102 may be bonded to the inside of the wall of the skip where the wear resulting from flow of material into the skip would otherwise be most pronounced.
Claims (10)
1. A mine skip for receiving, containing and discharging materials within a mine, the mine having a mine shaft, said mine skip comprising:
a body for movement in the mine shaft defining a downwardly extending storage chamber and having an integral sloping bottom directly beneath a part of the chamber, the sloping bottom extending over approximately half of the area of the bottom of the mine skip;
a discharge opening directly beneath a further part of the chamber and defined in the body adjacent to the integral sloping bottom, the sloping bottom extending from a top portion to a bottom portion adjacent to a bottom portion of the discharge opening;
a door locatable in a closed position beneath said further part of the chamber for closing the discharge opening and supporting material in said storage chamber;
wherein:
the door is openable by pivoting downwardly to an open position to allow material to be discharged from the chamber through said opening;
said door forms a chute beneath said opening and extends downwardly and away from said sloping bottom in the open position of said door;
the chamber has a cross-sectional area of downwardly increasing generally circular cross section along at least a substantial part of the height of the chamber above said sloping portion to eliminate the neccesity of reinforcement at intersecting walls required in mine skips having chambers of noncircular cross-sectional area; and said substantial part of the height of the chamber is greater than the spacing between said opposed walls immediately above said opening.
a body for movement in the mine shaft defining a downwardly extending storage chamber and having an integral sloping bottom directly beneath a part of the chamber, the sloping bottom extending over approximately half of the area of the bottom of the mine skip;
a discharge opening directly beneath a further part of the chamber and defined in the body adjacent to the integral sloping bottom, the sloping bottom extending from a top portion to a bottom portion adjacent to a bottom portion of the discharge opening;
a door locatable in a closed position beneath said further part of the chamber for closing the discharge opening and supporting material in said storage chamber;
wherein:
the door is openable by pivoting downwardly to an open position to allow material to be discharged from the chamber through said opening;
said door forms a chute beneath said opening and extends downwardly and away from said sloping bottom in the open position of said door;
the chamber has a cross-sectional area of downwardly increasing generally circular cross section along at least a substantial part of the height of the chamber above said sloping portion to eliminate the neccesity of reinforcement at intersecting walls required in mine skips having chambers of noncircular cross-sectional area; and said substantial part of the height of the chamber is greater than the spacing between said opposed walls immediately above said opening.
2. A mine skip for receiving, containing and discharging material within a mine, the mine having a shaft, said mine skip comprising:
a body for carrying the materials along the mine shaft defining a downwardly extending storage chamber at least partly of downwardly increasing circular cross-sectional area and having an integral sloping bottom directly beneath a part of the chamber;
a discharge opening directly beneath a further part of the chamber and defined in the body adjacent to the integral sloping bottom, the sloping bottom extending from a top portion to a bottom portion adjacent to a bottom portion of the discharge opening; and a door locatable in a closed position beneath said further part of the chamber for closing the discharge opening and supporting material in said chamber and movable to an open position to allow material to be discharged from the chamber through said opening;
wherein:
the body has wall means bordering said chamber and said wall means is provided with a series of downwardly spaced annular deflectors secured to said wall means at least within the part of the chamber of downwardly increasing circular cross-sectional area, for deflecting material moving downwardly in said chamber away from the inside of the wall means, the use of a storage chamber having a circular cross-sectional area eliminating reinforcement required at intersecting walls in skips having chambers of noncircular cross-sectional area.
a body for carrying the materials along the mine shaft defining a downwardly extending storage chamber at least partly of downwardly increasing circular cross-sectional area and having an integral sloping bottom directly beneath a part of the chamber;
a discharge opening directly beneath a further part of the chamber and defined in the body adjacent to the integral sloping bottom, the sloping bottom extending from a top portion to a bottom portion adjacent to a bottom portion of the discharge opening; and a door locatable in a closed position beneath said further part of the chamber for closing the discharge opening and supporting material in said chamber and movable to an open position to allow material to be discharged from the chamber through said opening;
wherein:
the body has wall means bordering said chamber and said wall means is provided with a series of downwardly spaced annular deflectors secured to said wall means at least within the part of the chamber of downwardly increasing circular cross-sectional area, for deflecting material moving downwardly in said chamber away from the inside of the wall means, the use of a storage chamber having a circular cross-sectional area eliminating reinforcement required at intersecting walls in skips having chambers of noncircular cross-sectional area.
3. A mine skip for receiving, containing and discharging material within a mine, the mine having a mine shaft, said mine skip comprising:
a body defining a downwardly extending storage chamber and having an integral sloping bottom directly beneath a part of the chamber, the body for movement along the mine shaft;
a discharge opening directly beneath a further part of the chamber and defined in the body adjacent to the integral sloping bottom, the sloping bottom extending from a top portion to a bottom portion adjacent to a bottom portion of the discharge opening; and a door locatable in a closed position beneath said further part of the chamber for closing the discharge opening and supporting material in said chamber and movable to an open position to allow material to be discharged from the chamber through said opening;
wherein the skip further includes:
a feed side having a feed opening through which material can be directed to fill the chamber;
an opposite side facing the feed side; and a wear resistant liner on the opposite side for resisting wear to the skip as a result of inflow material into the chamber through the feed opening;
the storage chamber having a circular cross-sectional area along its length to eliminate the necessity of reinforcing at intersecting walls as required by skips having chambers of noncircular cross-sectional area.
a body defining a downwardly extending storage chamber and having an integral sloping bottom directly beneath a part of the chamber, the body for movement along the mine shaft;
a discharge opening directly beneath a further part of the chamber and defined in the body adjacent to the integral sloping bottom, the sloping bottom extending from a top portion to a bottom portion adjacent to a bottom portion of the discharge opening; and a door locatable in a closed position beneath said further part of the chamber for closing the discharge opening and supporting material in said chamber and movable to an open position to allow material to be discharged from the chamber through said opening;
wherein the skip further includes:
a feed side having a feed opening through which material can be directed to fill the chamber;
an opposite side facing the feed side; and a wear resistant liner on the opposite side for resisting wear to the skip as a result of inflow material into the chamber through the feed opening;
the storage chamber having a circular cross-sectional area along its length to eliminate the necessity of reinforcing at intersecting walls as required by skips having chambers of noncircular cross-sectional area.
4. A skip according to claim 1 wherein the door is pivotally mounted on said body and locatable beneath part of said chamber for closing the discharge opening, and is pivotable downwardly for adopting a position defining a chute surface beneath said opening to allow material to be discharged from the chamber and guided away from the opening.
5. A skip according to claim 2 wherein the door is pivotally mounted on said body and locatable beneath part of said chamber for closing the discharge opening, and is pivotable downwardly for adopting a position defining a chute surface beneath said opening to allow material to be discharged from the chamber and guided away from the opening.
6. A skip according to claim 3 wherein the door is pivotally mounted on said body and locatable beneath part of said chamber for closing the discharge opening, and is pivotable downwardly for adopting a position defining a chute surface beneath said opening to allow material to be discharged from the chamber and guided away from the opening.
7. A skip according to claim 4, having over-centre mechanisms at opposite sides of the body and movable to an over-centre condition releasably to lock the door in its closed condition and arranged so that a load on the door and the weight of the door itself bias the mechanisms to remain in this locked, over-centre condition.
8. A skip according to claim 5, having over-centre mechanisms at opposite sides of the body and movable to an over-centre condition releasably to lock the door in its closed condition and arranged so that a load on the door and the weight of the door itself bias the mechanisms to remain in this locked, over-centre condition.
9. A skip according to claim 6, having over-centre mechanisms at opposite sides of the body and movable to an over-centre condition releasably to lock the door in its closed condition and arranged so that a load on the door and the weight of the door itself bias the mechanisms to remain in this locked, over-centre condition.
10. A skip according to claims 7, 8, or 9, wherein each mechanism includes an arm pivotally connected to the door, a lever having one region pivotally connected to the body and one region pivotally connected to the arm, and a follower connected to the lever and movable by a cam track in a predetermined direction to move the arm and release the respective mechanism from its locked over-centre condition, enabling the door to move to its open position.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
ZA82/7105 | 1982-09-28 | ||
ZA827105 | 1982-09-28 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CA1256051A true CA1256051A (en) | 1989-06-20 |
Family
ID=25576295
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CA000434813A Expired CA1256051A (en) | 1982-09-28 | 1983-08-17 | Skip |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
AU (1) | AU558919B2 (en) |
CA (1) | CA1256051A (en) |
ES (1) | ES525952A0 (en) |
GB (1) | GB2127794B (en) |
ZW (1) | ZW18283A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
ZA909273B (en) * | 1990-02-26 | 1991-09-25 | Rotaque Pty Ltd | Skip |
RU2514018C1 (en) * | 2012-11-12 | 2014-04-27 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью Научно-производственно-коммерческое предприятие "МАВР" | Method to protect walls of mine skip against wear and device for its realisation |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB559687A (en) * | 1942-06-05 | 1944-03-01 | Morgan Crucible Co | Improvements relating to the charging of crucibles |
GB1219523A (en) * | 1969-07-07 | 1971-01-20 | Pullman Inc | Storage vessel for solid granular material |
GB2101570B (en) * | 1981-06-23 | 1985-05-30 | Ruhland Kunststofftechnik Gmbh | Collection container |
-
1983
- 1983-08-10 GB GB08321515A patent/GB2127794B/en not_active Expired
- 1983-08-17 ZW ZW182/83A patent/ZW18283A1/en unknown
- 1983-08-17 CA CA000434813A patent/CA1256051A/en not_active Expired
- 1983-08-19 AU AU18145/83A patent/AU558919B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1983-09-26 ES ES525952A patent/ES525952A0/en active Granted
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB2127794A (en) | 1984-04-18 |
GB2127794B (en) | 1986-02-05 |
AU558919B2 (en) | 1987-02-12 |
AU1814583A (en) | 1984-04-05 |
ES8406976A1 (en) | 1984-08-16 |
ES525952A0 (en) | 1984-08-16 |
ZW18283A1 (en) | 1984-03-14 |
GB8321515D0 (en) | 1983-09-14 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
MKEX | Expiry |