CA1247888A - Implant for attachment of dental prostheses - Google Patents
Implant for attachment of dental prosthesesInfo
- Publication number
- CA1247888A CA1247888A CA000498432A CA498432A CA1247888A CA 1247888 A CA1247888 A CA 1247888A CA 000498432 A CA000498432 A CA 000498432A CA 498432 A CA498432 A CA 498432A CA 1247888 A CA1247888 A CA 1247888A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- screw
- shaped member
- pillar
- bone
- jaw
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
- A61C8/00—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools
- A61C8/0048—Connecting the upper structure to the implant, e.g. bridging bars
- A61C8/005—Connecting devices for joining an upper structure with an implant member, e.g. spacers
- A61C8/0069—Connecting devices for joining an upper structure with an implant member, e.g. spacers tapered or conical connection
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Implant intended to facilitate attachment of dental prostheses against a jaw-bone, including an externally threaded screw-shaped member, intended to be attached against a threaded hole taken up in the jaw-bone. In contrast to previously known types of implants, the screw-shaped member includes a blind hole directed from the jaw-bone, the first portion of which is a con-ically tapering portion, which is transformed into an internally threaded hole. Since the conical portion adjacent to the end surface of the screw-shaped member preferably is arranged with a diameter smaller than the outside diameter of the end portion, and since a cover screw with a conical head which is substantially enclosed by the conical portion is utilized during the osseo-integration process, the jaw-bone can be permitted to enclose and encapsulate this end portion of the screw-shaped member during the osseointegration process, A pillar can be attached against the screw-shaped member, at an opposed end portion supporting a con-ical tubular member, arranged to facilitate a resilient movement in relation to the pillar, whereby a dental prosthesis can be attached having a restricted movement in relation to the jaw-bone.
Implant intended to facilitate attachment of dental prostheses against a jaw-bone, including an externally threaded screw-shaped member, intended to be attached against a threaded hole taken up in the jaw-bone. In contrast to previously known types of implants, the screw-shaped member includes a blind hole directed from the jaw-bone, the first portion of which is a con-ically tapering portion, which is transformed into an internally threaded hole. Since the conical portion adjacent to the end surface of the screw-shaped member preferably is arranged with a diameter smaller than the outside diameter of the end portion, and since a cover screw with a conical head which is substantially enclosed by the conical portion is utilized during the osseo-integration process, the jaw-bone can be permitted to enclose and encapsulate this end portion of the screw-shaped member during the osseointegration process, A pillar can be attached against the screw-shaped member, at an opposed end portion supporting a con-ical tubular member, arranged to facilitate a resilient movement in relation to the pillar, whereby a dental prosthesis can be attached having a restricted movement in relation to the jaw-bone.
Description
The present invention relates to an implant for attach-ment of dental prostheses.
An implant is an anchoring means which is specifically intended to facilitate anchoring of dental prostheses in the jaw-bone, and is used when other possibilities of attachment do not exist.
This type of anchoring means, in the following referred to as an implant, has been used for a number of years. One type comprises an externally threaded screw-shaped member, with an upper portion shaped as a cylindrical screw head, having a top portion arranged as an hexagonal attachment portion, intended to facilitate engagement an associated tool. A blind hole extends from the attachment portion, arranged with an internal screw thread. When used, a small incision is made in the buccal muco-periosteum, thereby revealing the jaw-bone, whereafter a hole is drilled in the jaw-bone, first with a dental drill, thereafter with a larger special purpose drill, whereafter the hole is threaded with a screw tap. After cleaning the hole, the screw-shaped member is screwed down into the hole, with use of a special purpose tool, which attaches to the hexagonal attachment portion.
A cover screw is thereafter attached to the internally threaded hole in the screw-shaped member, and the cover screw includes a head which covers the attachment portion existing at the screw-shaped member. The gum is thereafter sewn together over the attached device, which is left for a period of 4 - 6 months to osseointegrate with the jaw-bone. After this period of time, the device is revealed, and the cover screw removed. A pillar, having a first portion of cylindrical cross-section exkending from an end surface, which is followed by a second portion with a smaller diameter and having an external screw thread, is screwed with the threaded portion into the internally threaded hole within the screw shaped member attached to the ~aw-bone. From the end sur-face wherefrom the first cylindrical portion extends, a centrally l~cated blind hole extends into the pillar and has an internal screw thread. A ~atrix pillar is attached to the threaded hole, arranged substantially corresponding to the previously discussed pillar, apart from the internally threaded hole. A proof impres-sion is made thereafter,intended to be utilized by a dental. tech-nician when manufacturing the bridge, whereafter the matrix pillar and the pillar are removed and the cover screw reattached. The buccal mucoperiosteum is returned back over the members attached to the jaw-bone, pending the completion of the work on the bridge by the dental technician. When manufacturing the bridge, every impression of a matrix pillar is used to accomplish a through hole in the supporting metal structure located behind the teeth front, and when attaching the bridge, the cover screw is removed and replaced by the previously utilized pillar. An attachment screw is applied against the bridge and attached with its threaded portion against the internally threaded hole in the pillar, whereafter the hole in the metal structure of the bridge, above the head of the attachment screw, is filled with a suitable material, e.g. a syn-thetic resin material. Certain modifications with regard to the above described previously known implant are also known, and par-ticularly with regard to the design of the pillar. As a pillar has thus previously been used a design including a tubular cylindrical member, in combination with a screw-shaped member, which screw-shaped member, in accordance with the member attachable to the jaw-bone, is arranged with a head having a hexagonal attachment member. The attachment member, when mounted, is embraced by a tubular distance means arranged in an intermediate position between the upper end surface of the cylindrical member and the bridge intended to be attached. The number of implants used is related to the extension of the bridge, but for attachment of a complete bridge, six implants can usually be regarded as suffi-cient.
However, the above described and previously known implant has a number of disadvantages, and as a result, can only be used by dentists having received special education, and the cost for each attached implant has also been relatively high. The implants are usually, manufactured from titanium, and all the special tools utilized during the operation of attachment are therefore also manufactured from the same material. A normally occurring problem is to accomplish complete matching between the implants attached to the jaw-bone and the metal structure of the bridge, and when the bridge is attached, side directed Eorces often occur in relation to the members attached to the jaw-bone.
The method in which included members abut each other with adja-cently located side surfaces also result in sealing problems, and the design results in a rigid attachment, in contrast to natural teeth, which can perform a small movement in relation to the jaw-bone.
The object of the present invention is to provide an improved implant, which removes the disadvantages of previously known types, and which includes a small number of parts, which can be supplied and attached to a considerably reduced cost, and avoids previously disclosed problems with regard to sealing and adjustment to the bridye. Further disclosed is the possibility of accomplishing attachment of the bridge in relation to the jaw-bone in a fashion which substantially corresponds to the attachment of natural teeth, i.e. with a restricted movement in relation to the jaw-bone.
The invention provides implant, intended to facilitate anchoring of dental prostheses against a jaw-bone, including an externally threaded screw-shaped member, intended to be engaged in a threaded hole formed in the jaw-bone, characterized in that said screw-shaped member in the direction away from the jaw-bone is formed with a substantially centrally located conically tapering bore portion, which opens into an internally threaded blind bore, said blind bore and conical bore portion being adapted during a first osseointegration stage to receive and substantially embrace a cover screw, and during a later attachment stage to provide for attachment of a pillar, said pillar having an end portion directed away from the screw-shaped member adapted to support a tubular member having a conical outside surface that tapers in the direc-tion away from the screw-shaped member, said tubular member being arranged to facilitate attachment in a mating hole formed in an associated dental prothesis. An embodiment of an implant according to the present invention, and certain modifica-7~
tions thereof, are more fu1ly described below with reference tothe accompanying drawings, in which:-Figure l shows a cross-sectional view of an implant according to the present invention~ arranged attached to a jaw-bone and supporting a bridge.
Figure 2 shows a cross-sectional view corresponding to Figure l, with the implant slightly modified.
Figure 3 shows a cross-sectional view of the implant attached to a jaw-bone during a first stage of the attachment.
Fig~re 4 shows a cross-sectional view of the implant during a second stage of the attachment.
With reference to Figure l, the implant according to the present invention includes, as do previously known types oÇ
implants, an externally threaded screw-shaped member, intended to be attached in a threaded hole formed in a jaw-bone 2. In con-trast to previously known types, the screw-shaped member l includes not only an internally threaded blind hole 3, but also an internal conical portion 4, which opens to the blind hole in the screw-shaped member l. The screw-shaped member l is substantially cylindrical, having at least one cross-wisely extending groove 5 by the end portion which serves as a first end portion during the attachment of the screw-shaped member l in the ~aw-bone 2. At the opposed end, the conical portion 4 has a smaller diameter than the outside diameter of this end portion.
~ pillar 6 attached to the screw-shaped member l, includes a threaded portion directed towards the screw-shaped member l, followed by a conical portion having a conicity corres ponding to the internal conical portion 4. The conical portion of the pillar S is preferably arranged to have a longer extension, and is followed by a cylindrical portion, which is terminated by a second conical portion against which a tubular member 7 abuts, arranged with an internal conical portion. Adjacent to the inter-nal conical surface of the tubular member 7 are two spaced grooves in which two 0 rings 8,8' are arranged. The outside surface of the tubular member is also arranged as a conical surface, and on the end surface directed away from the pillar 6, is a centrally located throu~h hole, through which an attach~ent screw 9 extends, to engage an internally threaded hole lO in the pillar 6. The head of the attachment screw 9 abuts a supporting metal structure ll, which comprises a part of the bridge to be mounted.
A slightly modified embodiment is shown in Figure 2, which only differs from the embodiment shown in Figure l in two aspects. Accordingly, the previously mentioned 0-rings 8,8' have been replaced by an intermediately located layer 12 of a compres-sible material, such as rubber, synthetic rubber, synthetic plas-tic or the like. Furthermore, the internal conical portion ~ has been arranged extending only to the upper edge portion of the screw-shaped member 1, and the cylindrical portion of the pillar 6 extends to the upper edge portion of the screw-shaped member l.
The intermediately located layer 12 can either be joined to the conical surface of the conical member 7, or alternatively may comprise a coating joined with the co-acting conical surface of the pillar 6. The layer 12 can also be a separate conical collar-shaped member placed between the conical surfaces of the pillar 6 and the tubular member 7.
~2~7~
When used, and incision is made in the buccal mucoperio-steum, thereby revealing the jaw-bone 2, wherea-fter a hole is formed and threaded to facilitate a-ttachment of the screw-shaped member 1. An attachment tool can comprise a longitudinally extending member having one end portion arranged to suit the upper portion of the screw-shaped member 1, i~e. with a threaded portion facilitating attachment against the internally threaded hole 3.
When the screw-shaped member 1 has been threaded into the threaded hole in the jaw-bone 2, the attachment tool is removed, and a cover screw 13 i5 attached. The cover screw is arranged with a conical head, the outside surface of which is located adjacent to the upper portion of the screw-shaped member 1. Thereafter the buccal mucoperiosteum is moved back over the cover screw 13, and the screw-shaped member 1 is left for a certain period of time, e.g. 4 months to osseointegrate with the jaw-bone 2. This first ; stage of the attachment operation is shown more in detail in Figure 3.
By utilizing the embodiment of Figure 1, an extremely advantageous effect is accomplished during the osseointegration procedure, due to the possibility offered of encapsulating the attached screw-shaped member 1, since the jaw-bone can grow over the outer and upper edge portions of the screw-shaped member 1, which results in improved anchoring properties, but also substan-tially removes the risk of penetration of impurities and bacteria cultures down between the screw-shaped member 1 and the threaded hole in the jaw-bone 2. The method in which the cover screw 13 substantially is enclosed by the screw-shaped member 1 is a further advantage in relation to previously known designs, partly due to the improved sealing accomplished by the abutting conical surfaces, partly due to the fact that the gum is not unneccesarily irritated by a screw head, arranged above the screw-shaped member 1.
When the necessary period of time for osseointegration has passed, the buccal mucoperiosteum is opened again and the cover screw 13 is removed and replaced by a pillar 6, on which an associated tubular member 7 i8 located. Thereafter,a proof impression i5 made, and the tubular members 7 are permitted to follow the impression when the same is removed. The pillars 6 utilized are thereafter removed and replaced by cover screws 13, wherea~ter the buccal mucoperiosteum is moved back over the attached implant while waiting for the dental technicians to com-plete their work with the bridge construction. The method in which included members are located during the proof impression operation is shown in Figure 4. It should be mentioned, that when manufacturing the bridge, the tubular members 7 are not attached to the supporting metal structure 11, but only holes for same are provided.
When the dental technicians work has been completed, matching and attachment can be performed. The cover screws 13 utilized are revealed and removed, and replaced by pillars 6. ~n these pillars are thereafter located the conical tubular members 7, and matching in relation to the metal structure of the bridge 11 is checked. During the subsequent matching check, when required, necessary adjustment with regard to the holes in the metal structure of the bridge is performed for the tubular members 7. When complete matching has been accomplished, the conical tubular members 7 are cemented to the metal structure ll, where-after the latter is lifted off the pillars 6. Provided that the artificial teeth have not already been attached, the metal struc~
ture ll is now returned to the dental technician before final attachment is performed, which is performed by attachment of attachment screw 9 in the holes in the metal structure ll, which are screwed into the threaded hole 10 in the pillars 6. By utilizing O-ri~gs ~,8', or an intermediately located layer 12, the attached prosthesis receives a certain resilient movement in rela-tion to the jaw-bone, and such resilient movement can be compared to the restricted movement of natural teeth. This effect is par-ticularly advantageous when attaching smaller bridges for a person having natural teeth. The teeth of the bridge will thus achieve a pattern of movement which substantially corresponds to the natural teeth, which must be regarded as a considerable improvement in relation to previous dental prostheses ridgidly attached against the jaw-bone.
The implant according to the present invention thus offers a number of advantages in relation to previously known techniques, partly due to the fact that it includes a smaller number of parts, and thus a smaller manufacturing cost, partly due to the improvement disclosed above with relation to osseointegra-tion properties, simplified and improved matching, as well as with regard to the possibility of resilient attachment now offered. As in previously known types of implants, the implant according to the present invention is preferably manufactured Erom titanium, a material which has been proved suitable for this purpose, but also other materials can be used. As a possible and suitable modifica-tion, the conical tubular member 7 can be manufactured from another material, such as a synthetic plastic material with compressable properties, which material would not require 0-rings ~,8', or a layer 12, in order to accomplish desired resilient attachment.
Also other smaller modifications can obviously be made, such as with regard to the method in which attachment is accom-plished between utilized tools and the members included in the implant, which obviously can be arranged with attachment means of other types than shown and describecl.
As such a further modification can also be mentioned the possibility of arranging the conical portion of the pillar 6 directed away from the screw-shaped member 1 with one or a number of grooves in the conical surface, extending in the longitudinal direction of the pillar 6. This would offer possibility to attach single teeth with the implant, and to accomplish security against rotation of same from a predetermined position when used. The tubular member 7 can in this case advantageously serve as the supporting metal structure Eor such a single tooth, and be accom-plished by a proof impression operation, whereby its internal conical surface receives outwardly extending portions, which can grip into the grooves taken up in the pil]ar 6. Furthermore, for such single teeth the previously mentioned intermediately located layers 12 are used when a slightly resilient attachment is desired.
An implant is an anchoring means which is specifically intended to facilitate anchoring of dental prostheses in the jaw-bone, and is used when other possibilities of attachment do not exist.
This type of anchoring means, in the following referred to as an implant, has been used for a number of years. One type comprises an externally threaded screw-shaped member, with an upper portion shaped as a cylindrical screw head, having a top portion arranged as an hexagonal attachment portion, intended to facilitate engagement an associated tool. A blind hole extends from the attachment portion, arranged with an internal screw thread. When used, a small incision is made in the buccal muco-periosteum, thereby revealing the jaw-bone, whereafter a hole is drilled in the jaw-bone, first with a dental drill, thereafter with a larger special purpose drill, whereafter the hole is threaded with a screw tap. After cleaning the hole, the screw-shaped member is screwed down into the hole, with use of a special purpose tool, which attaches to the hexagonal attachment portion.
A cover screw is thereafter attached to the internally threaded hole in the screw-shaped member, and the cover screw includes a head which covers the attachment portion existing at the screw-shaped member. The gum is thereafter sewn together over the attached device, which is left for a period of 4 - 6 months to osseointegrate with the jaw-bone. After this period of time, the device is revealed, and the cover screw removed. A pillar, having a first portion of cylindrical cross-section exkending from an end surface, which is followed by a second portion with a smaller diameter and having an external screw thread, is screwed with the threaded portion into the internally threaded hole within the screw shaped member attached to the ~aw-bone. From the end sur-face wherefrom the first cylindrical portion extends, a centrally l~cated blind hole extends into the pillar and has an internal screw thread. A ~atrix pillar is attached to the threaded hole, arranged substantially corresponding to the previously discussed pillar, apart from the internally threaded hole. A proof impres-sion is made thereafter,intended to be utilized by a dental. tech-nician when manufacturing the bridge, whereafter the matrix pillar and the pillar are removed and the cover screw reattached. The buccal mucoperiosteum is returned back over the members attached to the jaw-bone, pending the completion of the work on the bridge by the dental technician. When manufacturing the bridge, every impression of a matrix pillar is used to accomplish a through hole in the supporting metal structure located behind the teeth front, and when attaching the bridge, the cover screw is removed and replaced by the previously utilized pillar. An attachment screw is applied against the bridge and attached with its threaded portion against the internally threaded hole in the pillar, whereafter the hole in the metal structure of the bridge, above the head of the attachment screw, is filled with a suitable material, e.g. a syn-thetic resin material. Certain modifications with regard to the above described previously known implant are also known, and par-ticularly with regard to the design of the pillar. As a pillar has thus previously been used a design including a tubular cylindrical member, in combination with a screw-shaped member, which screw-shaped member, in accordance with the member attachable to the jaw-bone, is arranged with a head having a hexagonal attachment member. The attachment member, when mounted, is embraced by a tubular distance means arranged in an intermediate position between the upper end surface of the cylindrical member and the bridge intended to be attached. The number of implants used is related to the extension of the bridge, but for attachment of a complete bridge, six implants can usually be regarded as suffi-cient.
However, the above described and previously known implant has a number of disadvantages, and as a result, can only be used by dentists having received special education, and the cost for each attached implant has also been relatively high. The implants are usually, manufactured from titanium, and all the special tools utilized during the operation of attachment are therefore also manufactured from the same material. A normally occurring problem is to accomplish complete matching between the implants attached to the jaw-bone and the metal structure of the bridge, and when the bridge is attached, side directed Eorces often occur in relation to the members attached to the jaw-bone.
The method in which included members abut each other with adja-cently located side surfaces also result in sealing problems, and the design results in a rigid attachment, in contrast to natural teeth, which can perform a small movement in relation to the jaw-bone.
The object of the present invention is to provide an improved implant, which removes the disadvantages of previously known types, and which includes a small number of parts, which can be supplied and attached to a considerably reduced cost, and avoids previously disclosed problems with regard to sealing and adjustment to the bridye. Further disclosed is the possibility of accomplishing attachment of the bridge in relation to the jaw-bone in a fashion which substantially corresponds to the attachment of natural teeth, i.e. with a restricted movement in relation to the jaw-bone.
The invention provides implant, intended to facilitate anchoring of dental prostheses against a jaw-bone, including an externally threaded screw-shaped member, intended to be engaged in a threaded hole formed in the jaw-bone, characterized in that said screw-shaped member in the direction away from the jaw-bone is formed with a substantially centrally located conically tapering bore portion, which opens into an internally threaded blind bore, said blind bore and conical bore portion being adapted during a first osseointegration stage to receive and substantially embrace a cover screw, and during a later attachment stage to provide for attachment of a pillar, said pillar having an end portion directed away from the screw-shaped member adapted to support a tubular member having a conical outside surface that tapers in the direc-tion away from the screw-shaped member, said tubular member being arranged to facilitate attachment in a mating hole formed in an associated dental prothesis. An embodiment of an implant according to the present invention, and certain modifica-7~
tions thereof, are more fu1ly described below with reference tothe accompanying drawings, in which:-Figure l shows a cross-sectional view of an implant according to the present invention~ arranged attached to a jaw-bone and supporting a bridge.
Figure 2 shows a cross-sectional view corresponding to Figure l, with the implant slightly modified.
Figure 3 shows a cross-sectional view of the implant attached to a jaw-bone during a first stage of the attachment.
Fig~re 4 shows a cross-sectional view of the implant during a second stage of the attachment.
With reference to Figure l, the implant according to the present invention includes, as do previously known types oÇ
implants, an externally threaded screw-shaped member, intended to be attached in a threaded hole formed in a jaw-bone 2. In con-trast to previously known types, the screw-shaped member l includes not only an internally threaded blind hole 3, but also an internal conical portion 4, which opens to the blind hole in the screw-shaped member l. The screw-shaped member l is substantially cylindrical, having at least one cross-wisely extending groove 5 by the end portion which serves as a first end portion during the attachment of the screw-shaped member l in the ~aw-bone 2. At the opposed end, the conical portion 4 has a smaller diameter than the outside diameter of this end portion.
~ pillar 6 attached to the screw-shaped member l, includes a threaded portion directed towards the screw-shaped member l, followed by a conical portion having a conicity corres ponding to the internal conical portion 4. The conical portion of the pillar S is preferably arranged to have a longer extension, and is followed by a cylindrical portion, which is terminated by a second conical portion against which a tubular member 7 abuts, arranged with an internal conical portion. Adjacent to the inter-nal conical surface of the tubular member 7 are two spaced grooves in which two 0 rings 8,8' are arranged. The outside surface of the tubular member is also arranged as a conical surface, and on the end surface directed away from the pillar 6, is a centrally located throu~h hole, through which an attach~ent screw 9 extends, to engage an internally threaded hole lO in the pillar 6. The head of the attachment screw 9 abuts a supporting metal structure ll, which comprises a part of the bridge to be mounted.
A slightly modified embodiment is shown in Figure 2, which only differs from the embodiment shown in Figure l in two aspects. Accordingly, the previously mentioned 0-rings 8,8' have been replaced by an intermediately located layer 12 of a compres-sible material, such as rubber, synthetic rubber, synthetic plas-tic or the like. Furthermore, the internal conical portion ~ has been arranged extending only to the upper edge portion of the screw-shaped member 1, and the cylindrical portion of the pillar 6 extends to the upper edge portion of the screw-shaped member l.
The intermediately located layer 12 can either be joined to the conical surface of the conical member 7, or alternatively may comprise a coating joined with the co-acting conical surface of the pillar 6. The layer 12 can also be a separate conical collar-shaped member placed between the conical surfaces of the pillar 6 and the tubular member 7.
~2~7~
When used, and incision is made in the buccal mucoperio-steum, thereby revealing the jaw-bone 2, wherea-fter a hole is formed and threaded to facilitate a-ttachment of the screw-shaped member 1. An attachment tool can comprise a longitudinally extending member having one end portion arranged to suit the upper portion of the screw-shaped member 1, i~e. with a threaded portion facilitating attachment against the internally threaded hole 3.
When the screw-shaped member 1 has been threaded into the threaded hole in the jaw-bone 2, the attachment tool is removed, and a cover screw 13 i5 attached. The cover screw is arranged with a conical head, the outside surface of which is located adjacent to the upper portion of the screw-shaped member 1. Thereafter the buccal mucoperiosteum is moved back over the cover screw 13, and the screw-shaped member 1 is left for a certain period of time, e.g. 4 months to osseointegrate with the jaw-bone 2. This first ; stage of the attachment operation is shown more in detail in Figure 3.
By utilizing the embodiment of Figure 1, an extremely advantageous effect is accomplished during the osseointegration procedure, due to the possibility offered of encapsulating the attached screw-shaped member 1, since the jaw-bone can grow over the outer and upper edge portions of the screw-shaped member 1, which results in improved anchoring properties, but also substan-tially removes the risk of penetration of impurities and bacteria cultures down between the screw-shaped member 1 and the threaded hole in the jaw-bone 2. The method in which the cover screw 13 substantially is enclosed by the screw-shaped member 1 is a further advantage in relation to previously known designs, partly due to the improved sealing accomplished by the abutting conical surfaces, partly due to the fact that the gum is not unneccesarily irritated by a screw head, arranged above the screw-shaped member 1.
When the necessary period of time for osseointegration has passed, the buccal mucoperiosteum is opened again and the cover screw 13 is removed and replaced by a pillar 6, on which an associated tubular member 7 i8 located. Thereafter,a proof impression i5 made, and the tubular members 7 are permitted to follow the impression when the same is removed. The pillars 6 utilized are thereafter removed and replaced by cover screws 13, wherea~ter the buccal mucoperiosteum is moved back over the attached implant while waiting for the dental technicians to com-plete their work with the bridge construction. The method in which included members are located during the proof impression operation is shown in Figure 4. It should be mentioned, that when manufacturing the bridge, the tubular members 7 are not attached to the supporting metal structure 11, but only holes for same are provided.
When the dental technicians work has been completed, matching and attachment can be performed. The cover screws 13 utilized are revealed and removed, and replaced by pillars 6. ~n these pillars are thereafter located the conical tubular members 7, and matching in relation to the metal structure of the bridge 11 is checked. During the subsequent matching check, when required, necessary adjustment with regard to the holes in the metal structure of the bridge is performed for the tubular members 7. When complete matching has been accomplished, the conical tubular members 7 are cemented to the metal structure ll, where-after the latter is lifted off the pillars 6. Provided that the artificial teeth have not already been attached, the metal struc~
ture ll is now returned to the dental technician before final attachment is performed, which is performed by attachment of attachment screw 9 in the holes in the metal structure ll, which are screwed into the threaded hole 10 in the pillars 6. By utilizing O-ri~gs ~,8', or an intermediately located layer 12, the attached prosthesis receives a certain resilient movement in rela-tion to the jaw-bone, and such resilient movement can be compared to the restricted movement of natural teeth. This effect is par-ticularly advantageous when attaching smaller bridges for a person having natural teeth. The teeth of the bridge will thus achieve a pattern of movement which substantially corresponds to the natural teeth, which must be regarded as a considerable improvement in relation to previous dental prostheses ridgidly attached against the jaw-bone.
The implant according to the present invention thus offers a number of advantages in relation to previously known techniques, partly due to the fact that it includes a smaller number of parts, and thus a smaller manufacturing cost, partly due to the improvement disclosed above with relation to osseointegra-tion properties, simplified and improved matching, as well as with regard to the possibility of resilient attachment now offered. As in previously known types of implants, the implant according to the present invention is preferably manufactured Erom titanium, a material which has been proved suitable for this purpose, but also other materials can be used. As a possible and suitable modifica-tion, the conical tubular member 7 can be manufactured from another material, such as a synthetic plastic material with compressable properties, which material would not require 0-rings ~,8', or a layer 12, in order to accomplish desired resilient attachment.
Also other smaller modifications can obviously be made, such as with regard to the method in which attachment is accom-plished between utilized tools and the members included in the implant, which obviously can be arranged with attachment means of other types than shown and describecl.
As such a further modification can also be mentioned the possibility of arranging the conical portion of the pillar 6 directed away from the screw-shaped member 1 with one or a number of grooves in the conical surface, extending in the longitudinal direction of the pillar 6. This would offer possibility to attach single teeth with the implant, and to accomplish security against rotation of same from a predetermined position when used. The tubular member 7 can in this case advantageously serve as the supporting metal structure Eor such a single tooth, and be accom-plished by a proof impression operation, whereby its internal conical surface receives outwardly extending portions, which can grip into the grooves taken up in the pil]ar 6. Furthermore, for such single teeth the previously mentioned intermediately located layers 12 are used when a slightly resilient attachment is desired.
Claims (10)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. Implant, intended to facilitate anchoring of dental prostheses against a jaw-bone, including an externally threaded screw-shaped member, intended to be engaged in a threaded hole formed in the jaw-bone, characterized in that said screw-shaped member in the direction away from the jaw-bone is formed with a substantially centrally located conically tapering bore portion, which opens into an internally threaded blind bore, said blind bore and conical bore portion being adapted during a first osseo-integration stage to receive and substantially embrace a cover screw, and during a later attachment stage to provide for attach-ment of a pillar, said pillar having an end portion directed away from the screw-shaped member adapted to support a tubular member having a conical outside surface that tapers in the direction away from the screw-shaped member, said tubular member being arranged to facilitate attachment in a mating hole formed in an associated dental prosthesis.
2. Implant according to claim 1, characterized in that said conical bore portion is adjacent to the end surface of said screw-shaped member and has a smaller diameter than said end surface.
3. Implant according to claim 1, characterized in that said cover screw has a conical head having a shape and extension sub-stantially corresponding to the conical bore portion.
4. Implant according to claim 1 characterized in that said pillar includes a centrally and substantially cylindrical portion, which at a first end portion is transformed into a conically tapering section having a configuration and extension substanti-ally corresponding to said conical bore portion in the screw-shaped member, an externally threaded portion extending from said conically tapering section being attachable in the internally threaded blind bore, and at the opposite end portion forms a conically tapering part, including a centrally located internally threaded blind hole.
5. Implant according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the tubular member also has a conical inside surface.
6. Implant according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that between the pillar and the tubular member are provided resil-ient compressable means arranged to facilitate limited movement of the tubular member in relation to the pillar.
7. Implant according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that between the pillar and the tubular member is arranged a layer or a coating of resilient compressible material, arranged to facilitate limited movement of the tubular member in relation to the pillar.
8. Implant according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the tubular member is manufactured from a resilient compres-sible material, such as synthetic plastic or similar.
9. Implant according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the tubular member is attached against the supporting metal structure of the dental prosthesis by means of cementation, gluing or the like, when the prosthesis is tried out for matching.
10. Implant according to claim 4, characterized in that the conical portion of the pillar directed away from the screw-shaped member includes at least one groove formed in the surface thereof, extending in the longitudinal direction of the pillar.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000498432A CA1247888A (en) | 1985-12-23 | 1985-12-23 | Implant for attachment of dental prostheses |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000498432A CA1247888A (en) | 1985-12-23 | 1985-12-23 | Implant for attachment of dental prostheses |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1247888A true CA1247888A (en) | 1989-01-03 |
Family
ID=4132158
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000498432A Expired CA1247888A (en) | 1985-12-23 | 1985-12-23 | Implant for attachment of dental prostheses |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1247888A (en) |
-
1985
- 1985-12-23 CA CA000498432A patent/CA1247888A/en not_active Expired
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |