CA1241185A - Universal joint cross - Google Patents
Universal joint crossInfo
- Publication number
- CA1241185A CA1241185A CA000463410A CA463410A CA1241185A CA 1241185 A CA1241185 A CA 1241185A CA 000463410 A CA000463410 A CA 000463410A CA 463410 A CA463410 A CA 463410A CA 1241185 A CA1241185 A CA 1241185A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- pins
- pin
- electrode
- universal joint
- hardened
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D3/00—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive
- F16D3/16—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts
- F16D3/26—Hooke's joints or other joints with an equivalent intermediate member to which each coupling part is pivotally or slidably connected
- F16D3/38—Hooke's joints or other joints with an equivalent intermediate member to which each coupling part is pivotally or slidably connected with a single intermediate member with trunnions or bearings arranged on two axes perpendicular to one another
- F16D3/40—Hooke's joints or other joints with an equivalent intermediate member to which each coupling part is pivotally or slidably connected with a single intermediate member with trunnions or bearings arranged on two axes perpendicular to one another with intermediate member provided with two pairs of outwardly-directed trunnions on intersecting axes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K11/00—Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating
- B23K11/002—Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating specially adapted for particular articles or work
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)
- Shafts, Cranks, Connecting Bars, And Related Bearings (AREA)
- Details Of Garments (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
Abstract
UNIVERSAL JOINT CROSS
Abstract of the Disclosure The universal joint cross consists of two cylindrical hardened and ground pins joined together at their longitudinal centers with their axes in a common plane. The pins are joined together by welding under pressure while controlling the length of the welds from the centers of the pins to provide bearing surfaces on the pins with an undisturbed metallurgical structure.
Abstract of the Disclosure The universal joint cross consists of two cylindrical hardened and ground pins joined together at their longitudinal centers with their axes in a common plane. The pins are joined together by welding under pressure while controlling the length of the welds from the centers of the pins to provide bearing surfaces on the pins with an undisturbed metallurgical structure.
Description
9 8 û 7 -TC-SC
Thiæ invention relates to universal joints. More particularly this invention is a universal joint cross formed by joining a palr of generally cylindrical plns by the application of heat and pressure.
5In the manufacture of universal ioints, a common practice is to provide a cross to support the needle bearings that permit the relative rotation of the yokes of the universal joint. It is customary to secure one yoke to opposite pairs of pins on the cross and to secure the other yoke to the remaininy pair of pins on the cross.
One currently used method of making universal joint crosses is to produce by forging or casting a cross member and then machining and grinding the ends of the pln shafts to form bearing surfaces for the needle bearings which are placed over the ends of the pins. This raises problems in the machining operations and in maintaining suitable tolerances and efficiencies in the manufac~uring process.
The resul~ of these disadvantages is a relatively expensive part.
20Another currently used method of making universal joint crosses is to precision grind a long pin and two short plns which are then assembled into a center hub~ The two small pins ~Rually each have a forked end which encompasses the center of the long pin in assembly. Costly equipment is required to properly form the forked ends o~ the sma}l pins.
- Thus the making of universal joint crosses which include a long pin and two short pins is relatively costly.
Still another method of making a universal joint cross is described in U.S. Patent 3,110,166 patented November 12, 1963 by Mr. William ~. Shutt and entitled UUni~ersal Joint SpiderU. In the Shutt patent the universal joint cross is formed by resistance welding under pressure two generally cylindrical members that have been pre-machined. ~owever, the ends of the pins, which are to receive the needle bearings must still be ground and polished after the cross has been formed. This takes additional equipment and fixtures and time which would not be required if the steps in the Sbutt process of grinding and polishing the bearing surfaces of the pins after they are welded together were eliminated.
This invention is a new universal joint cross and a new rnethod of making a universal joint cross.
The cross is complete and ready for use after the pins have been formed into the cross. There is no need for the final steps of grinding or polishing or any other treatment of the bearing ends of the pins.
Briefly described, the new universal joint cross comprises a first generally cylindrical hardened an ground pin and a second generally cylindrical hardened and ground pin forming bearing pins. The pins are disposed transversely to each other and have their axes in a common plane. The cross is formed by welding the two pins under pressure while controlling the lengths of the welds on the pins to provide bearing surfaces on the ends of the pins with an undisturbed rnetallurgical structure.
A plastic hub is molded around the welded center of the universal joint cross to create thrust surfaces.
My new method of making the universal joint cross comprises the steps of hardening and grinding a pair of pins. One pin is then positioned on a first elec-trode with the hardened and ground pin ends extending beyond the outer periphery of the first electrode and into support means separate from the first elec-trode. The second pin is positioned in a second elec-trode with the hardened and ground pin ends extend-ing beyond the ou-ter periphery of the second electrode and into suppart means separate from the second elec-trode and with the pin axes disposed transversely to each other. The electrodes and the support means are pushed together and direct current pulses are periodically applied across the electrodes at a con-- 2a -trolled pulse intensity and controlled pulse duration whereby to control the lengths of the pins which are heated to cause only the central portion of the material on the pins to melt to join the pins leaving the pin ends hardened and ground.
The invention as well as its many advantages will be further understood from the following detailed description and drawings in which:
Fig. 1 is a side view of a preferred embodiment of cross in accordance with this invention;
Fig. 2 is a front view taken along lines 2-2 of Fig. 1 and in the direction of the arrows;
Fig. 3 is a back view taken along lines 3-3 of Fig. 1 and in the direction of the arrows;
....
. .
Fig. 4 is a side view of part of a pref erred embodiment -- -of die and welding machine assembly used to make the new ~.
universal j oint cross with parts broken away and in section , .
to illustrate the position of the various parts;
FigO 5 is a view ~aken along lines 5--5 of Fig. 4 and --in the direction o the arrows; and ----Fig. 6 is a f ront view of a completed hub and cross c-a ssembly ~ --In the various f igures like parts are referred to by --like numbers.
.-..
Referring to the drawings and more particularly to Figs. 1 through 3 the new universal joint crvss has a first generally cylindrical hardened and ground pin 10 and a second generally cylindrical hardened and ground pin 12.
These pins are shown after they are joined together into a universal joint cross by the application o~ controlled amounts of electrical current to join the pins together by - controlled heat and high pressure. ~he ends 14 and 16 Of pin 10, and the ends 18 and 20 of pin 12 serve as ~earing surfaces for the annulus of nee~les in needle bearings, not shown, which are commonly placed over the ends of the pins 10 and 12. The enlarsement 22 is formed during the welding operation and represen~s material that is displaced during . -the welding operation.
In forming the new universal joint cross the pins 10 and 12 are first hardened and ground. Before being joined together to form the cross, the pins lQ and 12 have the same -.
diameter throughout their length. It has been found that if the center areas are reduced the resulting cross is too weak 3~ to be useful in high load applications.
The pins are positioned with one pin above the other pin with their axes disposed transversely to each other.
The pin~ are joined at their respective centers by the precise application of heat and pressure while controlling the distance from the centers o~ the pins the pin~ are heated~ ~he resulting universal joint cross then has the shape shown in Figs. 1 through 3~ .
Fig. 4 and Flg. 5 show a portion of the die or fixture ~2~ ~3 4 .-_ _ -used to perform the welding operation. Tne die includes abottom assembly having a copper electrode 24 with a pedestal 26. The pedestal 26 inc~udes a central groove 28 for suppor~ing one of the pins. The semi circular grooves 30 and 32 adjacent each side of ~he pin supporting groove 28 are provided in the copper pedestal 26 to provide a-place for the molded metal to go before the metal solid1fies into the enlargement 22 of Figs. 1 through 3.
An annular steel disk 34 (see Fig. 5~ having a central bore 36 rests on the annular shoulder 38 of the copper electrode 24. The pedestal 26 of the electrode 24 extends partially through the bore 36 of annular disk 34. The diameter of the bore 36 is greater than the diameter of the pedestal 26 thus providing an annular space 40.
Four perpendicular semi-circular grooves 42, 44, 46, and 48 (see Fig. 5) extend fr~m the bore 36 of annular disk 3~ to the perimeter of the annular disk 34. Semi-circular grooves 42 and 46 are in line with the pin supporting groove 28 of the pedestal 26; semi-circular grooves 44 and 48 are perpendicular to the pin supportiny groove 28r The copper electrode pedestal 26 is also provided with a short semi-circular groove 50 in line with groove 44 of the annular disk 34 and a short semi-circular groo~-e 52 in line with .....
groove 48 on the annular disk 34. ~
The top assembly of the dle or fixture used to weld the ...
pins together to form the universal joint cross, as ~een in .-.
Fig. 4 includes a top copper electrode 60 with a centrally ..
located pedestal 62. A steel annular disk 64 with a central .. -bore 66 fits over the copper pedestal 62. The diameter of ...
30 the bore 66 is larger than the diameter of the pedestal 62 -.
thu~ providing an annular space 68. Semi-circular grooves 70 and 72 on annular disk 64 register with semi-circular ~-grooves 44 and 48, respectively, on annular disk 34. .~
~nnular disk 64 i8 provided with additional grooves ~not ~-1 35 shown) which register with the grooves 42 and 46 (see Fi~. -: 5) on the annular disk 34.
The pedestal 62 of upper copper electrode 60 is also provided with a curved pin support, and two adjacent .....
. .
semi~circular grooves all of which exrend perpendicularly to --.
the pin support 28 and two adjacent grooves 30 and 32 on pedestal 26 of ~he lower copper electrode 24. In addition, F
the upper copper electrode pe~estal 62 is provided with -~
5 short semi-circular grooves (not shown) which are in line with semi-circuiar grooves (not shown) extending from the ~--bore 66 of the upper annular steel disk 64 to the outer perimeter of the upper annular steel disk 64 and are .~-registered with the annular grooves 42 and 46 of the lower 10 annular disk 34. --~
. . . _ . .
To practice my new method of making a universal joint cross, a pair of pins like pins 10 and 12 are hardened and ground. One pin is placed on the groove 28 of the pedestal 26 of the lower copper electrode 24. The other pin is 15 positioned in the center perpendicular groove ~not shown) on the pedestal 62 of the upper copper electrodes 60 with the two pins positioned with their axes disposed transversely to - each other.
~- ~ Referring to Fig. 4 note that the pin 12 is positioned 20 so that the hardened and ground pin ends 18 and 20 extend beyond the outer periphery of the pedestals 26 and 62 and into the grooYes of the annular disks 38 and 64. Similarly, the hardened and ground ends 14 and lfi o~ pin 10 extend beyond the outer periphery of the pedestals 26 and 62 and 25 into grooves of the annular disks 38 and 64. The upper and lower assemblies are then pushed together so that the pins are joined at their respective centers by the precise application of heat and pressure. The heat is applied by periodically pulsing direct current pulses across the upper 30 and lower copper electrodes.
The proper co~trol of the electrical pulses across the electrodes and the locating of the pins so that the hardened pin ends extend into the grooves contained in annular disks 38 and 64 permits one to control the length of the weld from 35 the center. ~he lengths of the pins 10 and 12 which is heated is controlled so that only the central portion of the material on the pins is melted to provide the enlargement 22. The intensity and duration of the electriral pulses and . . .
!l _~ -6~
, . .
the location of the pins is such that the hardened pin ends, 18 and 20 on pin 12/ and 14 and 15 on pin 10 are not heated duriny the operation. Tnus the portions 18 and 20 on pin 12 r' and 14 and 16 on pin lO remain hardened so that the --metallurgical structure of the hardened and ground pins at those points are not disturbed. This is very important because the hardened pin ends are the parts which support r''-'~
_._ the needle bearings. r''''' After the universal joint cross has been completed a -_ lO jacket or hub of plastic 80 is molded around the welded ,-~
cen~er of the universal joint cross to create thrust sur-faces for the needle bearings which are to be placed over the ends 14 and 16 of pin lO and the ends 18 and 20 of pin 12. The plastic hub 80 is generally in the shape of a cubic center portion 82 having the annular protuberances 84, 86, 88, and 90 extending from the four sides of the center cubular por~ion 82 through which pins lO and 12 extend.
~ Annular protuberances 88 and 84 extend longitudinally partially along the pin lO. Annular protuberances 86 and 90 e~tend partially alon~ pin 12. The extension of each of the annular protuberances 84, 86, 88 and 90 is such that the welded center port'ion of the universal ~oint cross is covered by the plastic hub 80 leaving exposed the hardened pin ends 14, 16, 18, and 20. The needle bearings (not shown) which are placed over the hardened ends of the plns lO and 12 thus have the needle rollers in the needle roller bearings in contact with the hardened portions 14, 16, 18 and 20. Contact of needle rollers with hardened portions is .-necessary for the proper operation of the universal joint.
The annular extreme ends 92 and 94 of annLllar protrusions 88 and 84, respectively, are perpendicular to the axis of the pin lO and thus provide thrust surfaces for the needle roller bearings (not shown) which are later placed on ~he ends 14 and 16 of pin lO. The annular ex~reme ends 96 and 98 of annular protrusions 86 and 90, respec-tively, of the hub 80 extend perpendicularly to the axis of pin 12 and serve as thrust surfaces for the needle roller ....
bearings (not shown) which are to be placed over the -"
hardened ends 18 and 20 of pin 12. --._
Thiæ invention relates to universal joints. More particularly this invention is a universal joint cross formed by joining a palr of generally cylindrical plns by the application of heat and pressure.
5In the manufacture of universal ioints, a common practice is to provide a cross to support the needle bearings that permit the relative rotation of the yokes of the universal joint. It is customary to secure one yoke to opposite pairs of pins on the cross and to secure the other yoke to the remaininy pair of pins on the cross.
One currently used method of making universal joint crosses is to produce by forging or casting a cross member and then machining and grinding the ends of the pln shafts to form bearing surfaces for the needle bearings which are placed over the ends of the pins. This raises problems in the machining operations and in maintaining suitable tolerances and efficiencies in the manufac~uring process.
The resul~ of these disadvantages is a relatively expensive part.
20Another currently used method of making universal joint crosses is to precision grind a long pin and two short plns which are then assembled into a center hub~ The two small pins ~Rually each have a forked end which encompasses the center of the long pin in assembly. Costly equipment is required to properly form the forked ends o~ the sma}l pins.
- Thus the making of universal joint crosses which include a long pin and two short pins is relatively costly.
Still another method of making a universal joint cross is described in U.S. Patent 3,110,166 patented November 12, 1963 by Mr. William ~. Shutt and entitled UUni~ersal Joint SpiderU. In the Shutt patent the universal joint cross is formed by resistance welding under pressure two generally cylindrical members that have been pre-machined. ~owever, the ends of the pins, which are to receive the needle bearings must still be ground and polished after the cross has been formed. This takes additional equipment and fixtures and time which would not be required if the steps in the Sbutt process of grinding and polishing the bearing surfaces of the pins after they are welded together were eliminated.
This invention is a new universal joint cross and a new rnethod of making a universal joint cross.
The cross is complete and ready for use after the pins have been formed into the cross. There is no need for the final steps of grinding or polishing or any other treatment of the bearing ends of the pins.
Briefly described, the new universal joint cross comprises a first generally cylindrical hardened an ground pin and a second generally cylindrical hardened and ground pin forming bearing pins. The pins are disposed transversely to each other and have their axes in a common plane. The cross is formed by welding the two pins under pressure while controlling the lengths of the welds on the pins to provide bearing surfaces on the ends of the pins with an undisturbed rnetallurgical structure.
A plastic hub is molded around the welded center of the universal joint cross to create thrust surfaces.
My new method of making the universal joint cross comprises the steps of hardening and grinding a pair of pins. One pin is then positioned on a first elec-trode with the hardened and ground pin ends extending beyond the outer periphery of the first electrode and into support means separate from the first elec-trode. The second pin is positioned in a second elec-trode with the hardened and ground pin ends extend-ing beyond the ou-ter periphery of the second electrode and into suppart means separate from the second elec-trode and with the pin axes disposed transversely to each other. The electrodes and the support means are pushed together and direct current pulses are periodically applied across the electrodes at a con-- 2a -trolled pulse intensity and controlled pulse duration whereby to control the lengths of the pins which are heated to cause only the central portion of the material on the pins to melt to join the pins leaving the pin ends hardened and ground.
The invention as well as its many advantages will be further understood from the following detailed description and drawings in which:
Fig. 1 is a side view of a preferred embodiment of cross in accordance with this invention;
Fig. 2 is a front view taken along lines 2-2 of Fig. 1 and in the direction of the arrows;
Fig. 3 is a back view taken along lines 3-3 of Fig. 1 and in the direction of the arrows;
....
. .
Fig. 4 is a side view of part of a pref erred embodiment -- -of die and welding machine assembly used to make the new ~.
universal j oint cross with parts broken away and in section , .
to illustrate the position of the various parts;
FigO 5 is a view ~aken along lines 5--5 of Fig. 4 and --in the direction o the arrows; and ----Fig. 6 is a f ront view of a completed hub and cross c-a ssembly ~ --In the various f igures like parts are referred to by --like numbers.
.-..
Referring to the drawings and more particularly to Figs. 1 through 3 the new universal joint crvss has a first generally cylindrical hardened and ground pin 10 and a second generally cylindrical hardened and ground pin 12.
These pins are shown after they are joined together into a universal joint cross by the application o~ controlled amounts of electrical current to join the pins together by - controlled heat and high pressure. ~he ends 14 and 16 Of pin 10, and the ends 18 and 20 of pin 12 serve as ~earing surfaces for the annulus of nee~les in needle bearings, not shown, which are commonly placed over the ends of the pins 10 and 12. The enlarsement 22 is formed during the welding operation and represen~s material that is displaced during . -the welding operation.
In forming the new universal joint cross the pins 10 and 12 are first hardened and ground. Before being joined together to form the cross, the pins lQ and 12 have the same -.
diameter throughout their length. It has been found that if the center areas are reduced the resulting cross is too weak 3~ to be useful in high load applications.
The pins are positioned with one pin above the other pin with their axes disposed transversely to each other.
The pin~ are joined at their respective centers by the precise application of heat and pressure while controlling the distance from the centers o~ the pins the pin~ are heated~ ~he resulting universal joint cross then has the shape shown in Figs. 1 through 3~ .
Fig. 4 and Flg. 5 show a portion of the die or fixture ~2~ ~3 4 .-_ _ -used to perform the welding operation. Tne die includes abottom assembly having a copper electrode 24 with a pedestal 26. The pedestal 26 inc~udes a central groove 28 for suppor~ing one of the pins. The semi circular grooves 30 and 32 adjacent each side of ~he pin supporting groove 28 are provided in the copper pedestal 26 to provide a-place for the molded metal to go before the metal solid1fies into the enlargement 22 of Figs. 1 through 3.
An annular steel disk 34 (see Fig. 5~ having a central bore 36 rests on the annular shoulder 38 of the copper electrode 24. The pedestal 26 of the electrode 24 extends partially through the bore 36 of annular disk 34. The diameter of the bore 36 is greater than the diameter of the pedestal 26 thus providing an annular space 40.
Four perpendicular semi-circular grooves 42, 44, 46, and 48 (see Fig. 5) extend fr~m the bore 36 of annular disk 3~ to the perimeter of the annular disk 34. Semi-circular grooves 42 and 46 are in line with the pin supporting groove 28 of the pedestal 26; semi-circular grooves 44 and 48 are perpendicular to the pin supportiny groove 28r The copper electrode pedestal 26 is also provided with a short semi-circular groove 50 in line with groove 44 of the annular disk 34 and a short semi-circular groo~-e 52 in line with .....
groove 48 on the annular disk 34. ~
The top assembly of the dle or fixture used to weld the ...
pins together to form the universal joint cross, as ~een in .-.
Fig. 4 includes a top copper electrode 60 with a centrally ..
located pedestal 62. A steel annular disk 64 with a central .. -bore 66 fits over the copper pedestal 62. The diameter of ...
30 the bore 66 is larger than the diameter of the pedestal 62 -.
thu~ providing an annular space 68. Semi-circular grooves 70 and 72 on annular disk 64 register with semi-circular ~-grooves 44 and 48, respectively, on annular disk 34. .~
~nnular disk 64 i8 provided with additional grooves ~not ~-1 35 shown) which register with the grooves 42 and 46 (see Fi~. -: 5) on the annular disk 34.
The pedestal 62 of upper copper electrode 60 is also provided with a curved pin support, and two adjacent .....
. .
semi~circular grooves all of which exrend perpendicularly to --.
the pin support 28 and two adjacent grooves 30 and 32 on pedestal 26 of ~he lower copper electrode 24. In addition, F
the upper copper electrode pe~estal 62 is provided with -~
5 short semi-circular grooves (not shown) which are in line with semi-circuiar grooves (not shown) extending from the ~--bore 66 of the upper annular steel disk 64 to the outer perimeter of the upper annular steel disk 64 and are .~-registered with the annular grooves 42 and 46 of the lower 10 annular disk 34. --~
. . . _ . .
To practice my new method of making a universal joint cross, a pair of pins like pins 10 and 12 are hardened and ground. One pin is placed on the groove 28 of the pedestal 26 of the lower copper electrode 24. The other pin is 15 positioned in the center perpendicular groove ~not shown) on the pedestal 62 of the upper copper electrodes 60 with the two pins positioned with their axes disposed transversely to - each other.
~- ~ Referring to Fig. 4 note that the pin 12 is positioned 20 so that the hardened and ground pin ends 18 and 20 extend beyond the outer periphery of the pedestals 26 and 62 and into the grooYes of the annular disks 38 and 64. Similarly, the hardened and ground ends 14 and lfi o~ pin 10 extend beyond the outer periphery of the pedestals 26 and 62 and 25 into grooves of the annular disks 38 and 64. The upper and lower assemblies are then pushed together so that the pins are joined at their respective centers by the precise application of heat and pressure. The heat is applied by periodically pulsing direct current pulses across the upper 30 and lower copper electrodes.
The proper co~trol of the electrical pulses across the electrodes and the locating of the pins so that the hardened pin ends extend into the grooves contained in annular disks 38 and 64 permits one to control the length of the weld from 35 the center. ~he lengths of the pins 10 and 12 which is heated is controlled so that only the central portion of the material on the pins is melted to provide the enlargement 22. The intensity and duration of the electriral pulses and . . .
!l _~ -6~
, . .
the location of the pins is such that the hardened pin ends, 18 and 20 on pin 12/ and 14 and 15 on pin 10 are not heated duriny the operation. Tnus the portions 18 and 20 on pin 12 r' and 14 and 16 on pin lO remain hardened so that the --metallurgical structure of the hardened and ground pins at those points are not disturbed. This is very important because the hardened pin ends are the parts which support r''-'~
_._ the needle bearings. r''''' After the universal joint cross has been completed a -_ lO jacket or hub of plastic 80 is molded around the welded ,-~
cen~er of the universal joint cross to create thrust sur-faces for the needle bearings which are to be placed over the ends 14 and 16 of pin lO and the ends 18 and 20 of pin 12. The plastic hub 80 is generally in the shape of a cubic center portion 82 having the annular protuberances 84, 86, 88, and 90 extending from the four sides of the center cubular por~ion 82 through which pins lO and 12 extend.
~ Annular protuberances 88 and 84 extend longitudinally partially along the pin lO. Annular protuberances 86 and 90 e~tend partially alon~ pin 12. The extension of each of the annular protuberances 84, 86, 88 and 90 is such that the welded center port'ion of the universal ~oint cross is covered by the plastic hub 80 leaving exposed the hardened pin ends 14, 16, 18, and 20. The needle bearings (not shown) which are placed over the hardened ends of the plns lO and 12 thus have the needle rollers in the needle roller bearings in contact with the hardened portions 14, 16, 18 and 20. Contact of needle rollers with hardened portions is .-necessary for the proper operation of the universal joint.
The annular extreme ends 92 and 94 of annLllar protrusions 88 and 84, respectively, are perpendicular to the axis of the pin lO and thus provide thrust surfaces for the needle roller bearings (not shown) which are later placed on ~he ends 14 and 16 of pin lO. The annular ex~reme ends 96 and 98 of annular protrusions 86 and 90, respec-tively, of the hub 80 extend perpendicularly to the axis of pin 12 and serve as thrust surfaces for the needle roller ....
bearings (not shown) which are to be placed over the -"
hardened ends 18 and 20 of pin 12. --._
Claims
1. A method of making a universal joint cross com-prising the steps of: hardening and grinding a pair of pins; positioning one pin on a first electrode with the hardened and ground pin ends extending beyond the outer periphery of the first electrode and into support means separate from the first electrode; posi-tioning the second pin in a second electrode with the hardened and ground pin ends extending beyond the outer periphery of the second electrode and into support means separate from the second electrode and with the pin axes disposed transversely to each other;
pushing the electrodes and support means together and periodically applying direct current pulses across the electrodes at a controlled pulse intensity and controlled pulse duration to control the lengths of the pins which are heated to cause only the central portion of the material on the pins to melt to join the pins leaving the pin ends hardened and ground.
pushing the electrodes and support means together and periodically applying direct current pulses across the electrodes at a controlled pulse intensity and controlled pulse duration to control the lengths of the pins which are heated to cause only the central portion of the material on the pins to melt to join the pins leaving the pin ends hardened and ground.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US59301484A | 1984-03-26 | 1984-03-26 | |
| US593,014 | 1984-03-26 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1241185A true CA1241185A (en) | 1988-08-30 |
Family
ID=24373000
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000463410A Expired CA1241185A (en) | 1984-03-26 | 1984-09-17 | Universal joint cross |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS60201120A (en) |
| BR (1) | BR8405015A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1241185A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3509469A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2561727B1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2156482B (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1178757B (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19831143C1 (en) | 1998-07-11 | 2000-03-23 | Gkn Gelenkwellenbau Gmbh | Connecting yoke for motor vehicle universal joint has pins each with curved root connection to base of yoke |
| CN109396768A (en) * | 2018-12-10 | 2019-03-01 | 北京工业大学 | Apply the method that transient pulse electric field prepares miniature polycrystalline solder joint |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR1026264A (en) * | 1949-10-28 | 1953-04-27 | Automatic resistance welding device for metal grids | |
| DE1264884B (en) * | 1961-06-16 | 1968-03-28 | Gen Motors Corp | Method for the manufacture of spider bars for universal joint couplings |
| US3110166A (en) * | 1961-06-16 | 1963-11-12 | Gen Motors Corp | Universal joint spider |
| US3777510A (en) * | 1971-08-12 | 1973-12-11 | Rockwell International Corp | Power transmitting joint arrangement |
| DE2618536C3 (en) * | 1976-04-28 | 1978-11-09 | Uni-Cardan Ag, 5204 Lohmar | Universal joint |
| US4371358A (en) * | 1980-06-13 | 1983-02-01 | Hamilton-Pax, Inc. | Universal joint and method of making |
-
1984
- 1984-09-17 CA CA000463410A patent/CA1241185A/en not_active Expired
- 1984-10-04 BR BR8405015A patent/BR8405015A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1984-11-01 JP JP59229044A patent/JPS60201120A/en active Pending
- 1984-12-14 IT IT24061/84A patent/IT1178757B/en active
- 1984-12-19 FR FR8419438A patent/FR2561727B1/en not_active Expired
-
1985
- 1985-01-23 GB GB08501661A patent/GB2156482B/en not_active Expired
- 1985-03-15 DE DE19853509469 patent/DE3509469A1/en not_active Ceased
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| IT1178757B (en) | 1987-09-16 |
| GB8501661D0 (en) | 1985-02-27 |
| FR2561727B1 (en) | 1987-12-04 |
| IT8424061A0 (en) | 1984-12-14 |
| DE3509469A1 (en) | 1985-10-03 |
| GB2156482B (en) | 1987-11-18 |
| GB2156482A (en) | 1985-10-09 |
| JPS60201120A (en) | 1985-10-11 |
| FR2561727A1 (en) | 1985-09-27 |
| BR8405015A (en) | 1986-05-06 |
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