CA1239570A - Method of controlling the temperature of steel strip in the cooling zone of a continuous annealing furnace - Google Patents
Method of controlling the temperature of steel strip in the cooling zone of a continuous annealing furnaceInfo
- Publication number
- CA1239570A CA1239570A CA000470186A CA470186A CA1239570A CA 1239570 A CA1239570 A CA 1239570A CA 000470186 A CA000470186 A CA 000470186A CA 470186 A CA470186 A CA 470186A CA 1239570 A CA1239570 A CA 1239570A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- cooling
- strip
- rolls
- temperature
- flow rate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/52—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for wires; for strips ; for rods of unlimited length
- C21D9/54—Furnaces for treating strips or wire
- C21D9/56—Continuous furnaces for strip or wire
- C21D9/573—Continuous furnaces for strip or wire with cooling
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A method of controlling the temperature of a steel strip in the cooling zone of a continuous annealing furnace which is provided with a plurality of cooling rolls in which a coolant is circulated for cooling the strip as it is brought into contact with the outer peri-pheral surfaces of the rolls, and a plurality of gas jet coolers for blowing cooling gas against the strip. The flow rate of the cooling gas, the angle at which the strip is brought into contact with the surfaces of the rolls and the coolant temperature are controlled selectively in the order of first at least one of the flow rate and the angle and then the coolant temperature so that the strip may be cooled to a predetermined temperature irrespective of any change in strip gauge during the continuous anneal-ing of a plurality of strips which are different in gauge.
A method of controlling the temperature of a steel strip in the cooling zone of a continuous annealing furnace which is provided with a plurality of cooling rolls in which a coolant is circulated for cooling the strip as it is brought into contact with the outer peri-pheral surfaces of the rolls, and a plurality of gas jet coolers for blowing cooling gas against the strip. The flow rate of the cooling gas, the angle at which the strip is brought into contact with the surfaces of the rolls and the coolant temperature are controlled selectively in the order of first at least one of the flow rate and the angle and then the coolant temperature so that the strip may be cooled to a predetermined temperature irrespective of any change in strip gauge during the continuous anneal-ing of a plurality of strips which are different in gauge.
Description
123~S70 METHOD OF CONTROLLING THE temperature OF
STEEL STRIP IN THE COOLING ZONE OF A CON-TENUOUS ANNEALING FURNACE
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
_ .
1. Field of the Invention:
This invention relates to a method of controlling the temperature of steel strip in the cooling zone of a continuous annealing furnace.
STEEL STRIP IN THE COOLING ZONE OF A CON-TENUOUS ANNEALING FURNACE
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
_ .
1. Field of the Invention:
This invention relates to a method of controlling the temperature of steel strip in the cooling zone of a continuous annealing furnace.
2. Description of the Prior Art:
A continuous annealing furnace is an apparatus which performs the heat treatment of a cold rolled steel strip in accordance with a heat cycle as shown by way of example in FIGURE 1 in order to improve its workability.
The heat treatment according to the heat cycle of FIGURE
1 is effected by a furnace having a fast cooling zone and a final cooling zone.
There is known a system for cooling a steel strip in the cooling zone of a continuous annealing furnace by a combination of roll cooling and gas jet cooling. FIGURE
2 shows the cooling system disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 10973/1981. A steel strip 1 travels in contact with four cooling rolls 2 to 5 in which a coolant flows, and its heat is transferred to the cooling rolls.
Four plenum chambers 6 to 9 are provided in front of the cooling rolls 2 to 5, respectively, for blowing jets of I.`, ~X~9570 cooling gas against the strip 1. Each plenum chamber has a plurality of nozzles through which the cooling gas is jetted out of the plenum chamber. The cooling gas having an elevated pressure is supplied through blowers 12 and 13 and blown against the strip 1 through the plenum chambers 6 to 9 not only for cooling the strip 1, but also for bringing it into intimate contact with the cooling rolls 2 to 5, as the failure of the strip to contact the cooling rolls intimately due to the distortion of its edge or central portion results in the lack of cooling uniform mitt. FIGURE 2 also shows a pair of deflector rolls 10 and 11, devices 22 for moving the cooling rolls to control the angle at which the strip is brought into contact with the cooling rolls, pressure controllers 23 for controlling the pressure of the cooling gas in the plenum chambers, sensors 24 for detecting the pressure of the cooling gas in the plenum chambers and dampers 25.
The coolant is circulated through the cooling rolls 2 to 5 by a circuit which is shown by way of example in FIGURE 3 as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No.
130457/1982, which was laid open under Laid-Open No. 23826/1982.
FIGURE 3 shows only one of the cooling rolls at 2 for the sake of simplicity. The coolant is returned from the cooling roll 2 to a coolant tank 15 through a discharge line 14. It is delivered by a pump 16 from the tank 15 to a heat exchanger 17 in which it is cooled, and supplied to the cooling roll 2 by a supply line 18. The :~3i957() temperature of the coolant entering the cooling roll is controlled by a coolant temperature controller lo. More specifically, the coolant temperature is detected by a sensor 20 and the flow of cooling water entering the heat exchanger 17 is controlled by a control valve 21 to obtain an appropriate coolant temperature set by the temperature controller lo.
The cooling system employing the combination of roll cooling and gas jet cooling as hereinabove described lo effects the control of the temperature of the strip 1 by controlling three variable factors, i.e., the length of a strip portion contacting each cooling roll or in other words the angle at which the strip is brought into contact with each cooling roll, the coolant temperature and the flow rate of the cooling gas blown against the strip. The control of the coolant temperature has already been de-scribed. The angle at which the strip contacts the cool-in rolls is controlled by the roll moving devices 22.
The flow rate of the cooling gas is controlled by adjust-in the position of each damper 25 so that the pressure of the cooling gas detected by the pressure sensors 24 may reach a predetermined level.
In order to cool the strip to a predetermined final temperature, it is necessary to control the three factors, i.e., (l) the flow rate of the cooling gas, (2) the angle at which the strip is brought into contact with the cooling lZ3~570 rolls and (3) the coolant temperature, by taking into account not only the target s-trip temperature, but also other conditions of the annealing operation such as the dimensions of the strip and the speed of its travel. In-solar as there exist a plurality of factors to be con-trolled, however, it is impossible to determine each India visual factor in a definite fashion. It is necessary to develop some procedure which enables an appropriate control of those factors.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is an object of this invention to provide a method of controlling the temperature of a steel strip in the cooling zone of a continuous annealing furnace so that a high yield of production may be achieved.
According to one aspect of this invention, a pro-determined strip temperature is obtained in the cooling zone by controlling the flow rate of the cooling gas, the angle at which the strip is brought into contact with the cooling Lolls and the coolant temperature in the order mentioned.
According to another aspect of this invention, its object is attained by controlling first the flow rate of the cooling gas and the angle of the strip simultane-ouzel and the coolant temperature thereafter.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIGURE 1 is a graph showing by way of example a heat cycle which is employed in a continuous steel strip annealing furnace;
FIGURE 2 is a schematic diagram of a system for cooling strip by a combination of roll cooling and gas jet cooling;
FIGURE 3 is a schematic diagram of a circuit for the circulation of a coolant through cooling rolls;
FIGURE 4 is a graphical representation of the control of three factors during the cooling of strips have in a gradually increasing gauge;
FIGURE 5 is a graphical representation of the control of the three factors during the cooling of strips having a gradually decreasing gauge;
FIGURE 6 is a graphical representation of the control of the three factors during the cooling of strips having a gradually increasing gauge and a gradually degrees-in gauge;
FIGURE 7 is a flow chart showing by way of example the sequence of calculations for setting the three factors to control the temperature of each strip to be cooled; and FIGURE 8 is a schematic diagram showing another example of the cooling system employing the combination of roll cooling and gas jet cooling.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
According to an essential feature of this invention, the control of the strip temperature is effected by varying 1~3957~) the three control factors or parameters in a specific order of preference. This order of preference is deter-mined by the quickness in the response of control. Into-far as the strip takes only several seconds to pass through the cooling zone, the quickness in the response of control has the most important bearing on an improved yield of production in the event there is any change in the condo-lions of the annealing operation, for example, during the passage of a welded joint between two strips which are different in gauge. The three control factors or pane-meters differ from one another in response time, as follows:
(1) Flow rate of cooling gas - About 10 seconds;
(21 Angle of strip relative to the cooling rolls -About two minutes; and
A continuous annealing furnace is an apparatus which performs the heat treatment of a cold rolled steel strip in accordance with a heat cycle as shown by way of example in FIGURE 1 in order to improve its workability.
The heat treatment according to the heat cycle of FIGURE
1 is effected by a furnace having a fast cooling zone and a final cooling zone.
There is known a system for cooling a steel strip in the cooling zone of a continuous annealing furnace by a combination of roll cooling and gas jet cooling. FIGURE
2 shows the cooling system disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 10973/1981. A steel strip 1 travels in contact with four cooling rolls 2 to 5 in which a coolant flows, and its heat is transferred to the cooling rolls.
Four plenum chambers 6 to 9 are provided in front of the cooling rolls 2 to 5, respectively, for blowing jets of I.`, ~X~9570 cooling gas against the strip 1. Each plenum chamber has a plurality of nozzles through which the cooling gas is jetted out of the plenum chamber. The cooling gas having an elevated pressure is supplied through blowers 12 and 13 and blown against the strip 1 through the plenum chambers 6 to 9 not only for cooling the strip 1, but also for bringing it into intimate contact with the cooling rolls 2 to 5, as the failure of the strip to contact the cooling rolls intimately due to the distortion of its edge or central portion results in the lack of cooling uniform mitt. FIGURE 2 also shows a pair of deflector rolls 10 and 11, devices 22 for moving the cooling rolls to control the angle at which the strip is brought into contact with the cooling rolls, pressure controllers 23 for controlling the pressure of the cooling gas in the plenum chambers, sensors 24 for detecting the pressure of the cooling gas in the plenum chambers and dampers 25.
The coolant is circulated through the cooling rolls 2 to 5 by a circuit which is shown by way of example in FIGURE 3 as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No.
130457/1982, which was laid open under Laid-Open No. 23826/1982.
FIGURE 3 shows only one of the cooling rolls at 2 for the sake of simplicity. The coolant is returned from the cooling roll 2 to a coolant tank 15 through a discharge line 14. It is delivered by a pump 16 from the tank 15 to a heat exchanger 17 in which it is cooled, and supplied to the cooling roll 2 by a supply line 18. The :~3i957() temperature of the coolant entering the cooling roll is controlled by a coolant temperature controller lo. More specifically, the coolant temperature is detected by a sensor 20 and the flow of cooling water entering the heat exchanger 17 is controlled by a control valve 21 to obtain an appropriate coolant temperature set by the temperature controller lo.
The cooling system employing the combination of roll cooling and gas jet cooling as hereinabove described lo effects the control of the temperature of the strip 1 by controlling three variable factors, i.e., the length of a strip portion contacting each cooling roll or in other words the angle at which the strip is brought into contact with each cooling roll, the coolant temperature and the flow rate of the cooling gas blown against the strip. The control of the coolant temperature has already been de-scribed. The angle at which the strip contacts the cool-in rolls is controlled by the roll moving devices 22.
The flow rate of the cooling gas is controlled by adjust-in the position of each damper 25 so that the pressure of the cooling gas detected by the pressure sensors 24 may reach a predetermined level.
In order to cool the strip to a predetermined final temperature, it is necessary to control the three factors, i.e., (l) the flow rate of the cooling gas, (2) the angle at which the strip is brought into contact with the cooling lZ3~570 rolls and (3) the coolant temperature, by taking into account not only the target s-trip temperature, but also other conditions of the annealing operation such as the dimensions of the strip and the speed of its travel. In-solar as there exist a plurality of factors to be con-trolled, however, it is impossible to determine each India visual factor in a definite fashion. It is necessary to develop some procedure which enables an appropriate control of those factors.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is an object of this invention to provide a method of controlling the temperature of a steel strip in the cooling zone of a continuous annealing furnace so that a high yield of production may be achieved.
According to one aspect of this invention, a pro-determined strip temperature is obtained in the cooling zone by controlling the flow rate of the cooling gas, the angle at which the strip is brought into contact with the cooling Lolls and the coolant temperature in the order mentioned.
According to another aspect of this invention, its object is attained by controlling first the flow rate of the cooling gas and the angle of the strip simultane-ouzel and the coolant temperature thereafter.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIGURE 1 is a graph showing by way of example a heat cycle which is employed in a continuous steel strip annealing furnace;
FIGURE 2 is a schematic diagram of a system for cooling strip by a combination of roll cooling and gas jet cooling;
FIGURE 3 is a schematic diagram of a circuit for the circulation of a coolant through cooling rolls;
FIGURE 4 is a graphical representation of the control of three factors during the cooling of strips have in a gradually increasing gauge;
FIGURE 5 is a graphical representation of the control of the three factors during the cooling of strips having a gradually decreasing gauge;
FIGURE 6 is a graphical representation of the control of the three factors during the cooling of strips having a gradually increasing gauge and a gradually degrees-in gauge;
FIGURE 7 is a flow chart showing by way of example the sequence of calculations for setting the three factors to control the temperature of each strip to be cooled; and FIGURE 8 is a schematic diagram showing another example of the cooling system employing the combination of roll cooling and gas jet cooling.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
According to an essential feature of this invention, the control of the strip temperature is effected by varying 1~3957~) the three control factors or parameters in a specific order of preference. This order of preference is deter-mined by the quickness in the response of control. Into-far as the strip takes only several seconds to pass through the cooling zone, the quickness in the response of control has the most important bearing on an improved yield of production in the event there is any change in the condo-lions of the annealing operation, for example, during the passage of a welded joint between two strips which are different in gauge. The three control factors or pane-meters differ from one another in response time, as follows:
(1) Flow rate of cooling gas - About 10 seconds;
(21 Angle of strip relative to the cooling rolls -About two minutes; and
(3) Coolant temperature - About 10 minutes.
The inventors of this invention have, therefore, thought of establishing a specific order of preference or priority when varying the three factors in order to obtain an appropriate heat cycle suited for the annealing cord--lions and thereby an appropriate final cooling temperature for the strip. According to a first aspect of this invent lion, priority is in the order of (1) flow rate of cooling gas, (2) angle of the strip relative to the cooling rolls and (3) coolant temperature. This is exactly the order of quickness in response and enables a high yield of product lion irrespective of any change in the annealing conditions.
According to a second aspect of the invention, the flow rate of cooling gas and the angle of the strip relative to the cooling rolls are first controlled simultaneously, and the control of the coolant temperature having a longer response time is delayed. This delay ensures an improved yield of production. The simultaneous control of the flow rate of the cooling gas and the angle of the strip has the advantage of achieving a large change in the cool-in conditions at a time within a relatively short length of time.
The invention will now be described by way of example with reference to FIGURES 4 to 7 of the drawings.
FIGURE 4 is a graphical illustration of the control of the three factors for the continuous cooling of a plurality of strips which gradually increase in gauge, while the other annealing conditions remain the same for all the strips. The points marked o in FIGURE 4 are the starting points. As long as there is any room for an increase in the flow rate of cooling gas, it is increased with an in-crease in strip gauge as shown at A in FIGURE 4, since its control has a faster response than the control of the other two factors. If the flow rate of cooling gas has reached its maximum level, the angle of the strip relative to the cooling rolls is, then, increased with an increase in strip gauge as shown at B in FIGURE 4, as long as there is any room for such increase in the angle. If it has, then, 1~39S70 become impossible to increase the angle to any further extent, the coolant temperature is lowered, as shown at C in FIGURE 4, in order to increase the cooling capacity of the cooling system, though it shows a slower response to control than the other two factors.
FIGURE 5 is a graphical illustration of the control of the three factors for the continuous cooling of a plurality of strips which gradually decrease in gauge.
With a gradual reduction in strip gauge, the flow rate of cooling gas is first decreased as shown at A' in FIGURE 5, then the angle of the strip relative to the cooling rolls is decreased as shown at B', and finally the coolant them-portray is raised as shown at C'.
FIGURE 6 is a graphical illustration of the control of the three factors for the continuous cooling of a plurality of strips having first a gradually increasing gauge and then a gradually decreasing gauge. The control under this situation may be effected by a combination of the procedures shown in FIGURES 4 and 5. It will, however, be noted that FIGURE 6 shows an example of operation in which the coolant temperature is not varied irrespective of the change in strip gauge.
In order to ensure stabilized or reliable control of strip temperature, it is important to leave some allow-ante for each of the maximum and minimum values to be set for each of the three factors. Referring, for example, ~395~70 to the flow rate of cooling gas, its maximum value may be 90% of the Blair capacity and its minimum value may be the minimum required for avoiding nonuniform cooling plus, say, 10~ of the blower capacity. The minimum flow rate required for avoiding nonuniform cooling can be ox-twined experimentally.
FIGURE 7 is a flow chart showing by way of example the calculations which are performed for setting the three factors at optimum levels for the cooling of each strip.
In FIGURE 7, the following symbols have the following meanings:
To : Final strip temperature as measured;
To : Target value of final strip temperature;
Sue: Upper limit of final strip temperature ( g ' SUE So I);
SLY: Lower limit of final strip temperature (e.g., SLY = TO - 20);
P : Pressure of cooling gas in the plenum chambers;
: Angle of strip relative to the cooling rolls.
The cooling curve, flow rate of cooling gas, angle of strip relative to the cooling rolls and coolant tempera-lure may be calculated as will hereinafter be described.
(i) Calculation for the Cooling Curve:
The characteristics of strip cooling by the system shown in FIGURE 2 may be expressed by the following equal lion:
~23957(3 do do Tots + KIT -T ) (1) where To strip temperature (C);
Tug: temperature of cooling gas at the nozzles (C);
T : average temperature of the coolant in the cool-in rolls (C);
: coefficient of heat transfer between strip and cooling gas ~Kcal/m2hC);
K : coefficient of heat transfer between strip and coolant in the cooling rolls (Coulomb hC);
c : specific heat of strip ~Kcal/kgC);
y : specific gravity of strip (kg/m );
v : velocity of travel of strip (m/h);
d : strip gauge em );
x : strip length em).
The cooling curve for strip can be obtained by the integral lion of equation (1) by the length of the strip portion cooled by the cooling rolls and the cooling gas. The relationship between the coefficient of heat transfer to the cooling gas and the flow rate of the cooling gas yin the case of cooling by the system of FIGURE 2, the pressure P of the cooling gas in the plenum chambers) may be determined experimentally as expressed, for example, by the following equation:
P = at- 2 a I
where P: pressure of the cooling yes in the plenum chambers;
at, a and a: constants.
-- I O
~23~570 (ii) Calculation of the Flow Rate of Cooling Gas:
The pressure P of the cooling gas in the plenum chambers which makes it possible to obtain the target value of the final strip temperature may be determined in S accordance with equations (1) and (2) by taking into account the specific values of the angle of the strip relative to the cooling rolls and the coolant temperature Two which are known.
(iii) Calculation of the Angle of Strip Relative to the Cooling Rolls:
The angle which makes it possible to obtain the target value of the final strip temperature may be deter-mined in accordance with equations (1) and (2) by taking into account the specific values of the flow rate of the cooling gas or the pressure P of the cooling gas in the plenum chambers and the coolant temperature Two which are known. The angle may be expressed by the following equal lion:
Strip length Angle of strip Outside cooled by the = relative to x 3 x dia. of cooling rolls em) the rolls (deg.) 60 the rolls (m) (iv) Calculation of the Coolant Temperature:
The coolant temperature Two which makes it possible to obtain the target value of the final strip temperature may be determined in accordance with equations (1) and (2) by taking into account the flow rate of the cooling gas or the pressure P of the cooling gas in the plenum chambers ~,2~9570 and the angle of the strip relative to the cooling rolls which are known.
The calculations set forth at (i) to tip) above are easy to perform by an electronic computer based on the information on the annealing of each particular strip, such as the strip dimensions, line speed and target heat cycle.
The foregoing description has been based on the use of the cooling system shown in FIGURE 2. This invent lion is also applicable to the cooling of strip by other cooling apparatus. Another cooling system is shown by way of example in FIGURE 8. It includes gas jet coolers 26 and 27 by which the strip is cooled before it is cooled by the cooling rolls 2 to 5. The gas jet coolers can alternatively be disposed downstream of the cooling rolls.
It is also possible to combine the cooling systems of FIGURES 2 and 8 by, for example, disposing the gas jet coolers of FIGURE 8 upstream of the cooling system of FIGURE 2. In the event the combined cooling system of FIGURES 2 and 8 is utilized, it will be appropriate to employ four control factors, namely:
(1) Flow rate of the cooling gas blown by the gas jet coolers of FIGURE 8;
I Flow rate of the cooling gas blown by the gas jet coolers facing the cooling rolls as shown in FIGURE
2;
~;~395~) (3) Angle of the strip relative to the cooling rolls;
and
The inventors of this invention have, therefore, thought of establishing a specific order of preference or priority when varying the three factors in order to obtain an appropriate heat cycle suited for the annealing cord--lions and thereby an appropriate final cooling temperature for the strip. According to a first aspect of this invent lion, priority is in the order of (1) flow rate of cooling gas, (2) angle of the strip relative to the cooling rolls and (3) coolant temperature. This is exactly the order of quickness in response and enables a high yield of product lion irrespective of any change in the annealing conditions.
According to a second aspect of the invention, the flow rate of cooling gas and the angle of the strip relative to the cooling rolls are first controlled simultaneously, and the control of the coolant temperature having a longer response time is delayed. This delay ensures an improved yield of production. The simultaneous control of the flow rate of the cooling gas and the angle of the strip has the advantage of achieving a large change in the cool-in conditions at a time within a relatively short length of time.
The invention will now be described by way of example with reference to FIGURES 4 to 7 of the drawings.
FIGURE 4 is a graphical illustration of the control of the three factors for the continuous cooling of a plurality of strips which gradually increase in gauge, while the other annealing conditions remain the same for all the strips. The points marked o in FIGURE 4 are the starting points. As long as there is any room for an increase in the flow rate of cooling gas, it is increased with an in-crease in strip gauge as shown at A in FIGURE 4, since its control has a faster response than the control of the other two factors. If the flow rate of cooling gas has reached its maximum level, the angle of the strip relative to the cooling rolls is, then, increased with an increase in strip gauge as shown at B in FIGURE 4, as long as there is any room for such increase in the angle. If it has, then, 1~39S70 become impossible to increase the angle to any further extent, the coolant temperature is lowered, as shown at C in FIGURE 4, in order to increase the cooling capacity of the cooling system, though it shows a slower response to control than the other two factors.
FIGURE 5 is a graphical illustration of the control of the three factors for the continuous cooling of a plurality of strips which gradually decrease in gauge.
With a gradual reduction in strip gauge, the flow rate of cooling gas is first decreased as shown at A' in FIGURE 5, then the angle of the strip relative to the cooling rolls is decreased as shown at B', and finally the coolant them-portray is raised as shown at C'.
FIGURE 6 is a graphical illustration of the control of the three factors for the continuous cooling of a plurality of strips having first a gradually increasing gauge and then a gradually decreasing gauge. The control under this situation may be effected by a combination of the procedures shown in FIGURES 4 and 5. It will, however, be noted that FIGURE 6 shows an example of operation in which the coolant temperature is not varied irrespective of the change in strip gauge.
In order to ensure stabilized or reliable control of strip temperature, it is important to leave some allow-ante for each of the maximum and minimum values to be set for each of the three factors. Referring, for example, ~395~70 to the flow rate of cooling gas, its maximum value may be 90% of the Blair capacity and its minimum value may be the minimum required for avoiding nonuniform cooling plus, say, 10~ of the blower capacity. The minimum flow rate required for avoiding nonuniform cooling can be ox-twined experimentally.
FIGURE 7 is a flow chart showing by way of example the calculations which are performed for setting the three factors at optimum levels for the cooling of each strip.
In FIGURE 7, the following symbols have the following meanings:
To : Final strip temperature as measured;
To : Target value of final strip temperature;
Sue: Upper limit of final strip temperature ( g ' SUE So I);
SLY: Lower limit of final strip temperature (e.g., SLY = TO - 20);
P : Pressure of cooling gas in the plenum chambers;
: Angle of strip relative to the cooling rolls.
The cooling curve, flow rate of cooling gas, angle of strip relative to the cooling rolls and coolant tempera-lure may be calculated as will hereinafter be described.
(i) Calculation for the Cooling Curve:
The characteristics of strip cooling by the system shown in FIGURE 2 may be expressed by the following equal lion:
~23957(3 do do Tots + KIT -T ) (1) where To strip temperature (C);
Tug: temperature of cooling gas at the nozzles (C);
T : average temperature of the coolant in the cool-in rolls (C);
: coefficient of heat transfer between strip and cooling gas ~Kcal/m2hC);
K : coefficient of heat transfer between strip and coolant in the cooling rolls (Coulomb hC);
c : specific heat of strip ~Kcal/kgC);
y : specific gravity of strip (kg/m );
v : velocity of travel of strip (m/h);
d : strip gauge em );
x : strip length em).
The cooling curve for strip can be obtained by the integral lion of equation (1) by the length of the strip portion cooled by the cooling rolls and the cooling gas. The relationship between the coefficient of heat transfer to the cooling gas and the flow rate of the cooling gas yin the case of cooling by the system of FIGURE 2, the pressure P of the cooling gas in the plenum chambers) may be determined experimentally as expressed, for example, by the following equation:
P = at- 2 a I
where P: pressure of the cooling yes in the plenum chambers;
at, a and a: constants.
-- I O
~23~570 (ii) Calculation of the Flow Rate of Cooling Gas:
The pressure P of the cooling gas in the plenum chambers which makes it possible to obtain the target value of the final strip temperature may be determined in S accordance with equations (1) and (2) by taking into account the specific values of the angle of the strip relative to the cooling rolls and the coolant temperature Two which are known.
(iii) Calculation of the Angle of Strip Relative to the Cooling Rolls:
The angle which makes it possible to obtain the target value of the final strip temperature may be deter-mined in accordance with equations (1) and (2) by taking into account the specific values of the flow rate of the cooling gas or the pressure P of the cooling gas in the plenum chambers and the coolant temperature Two which are known. The angle may be expressed by the following equal lion:
Strip length Angle of strip Outside cooled by the = relative to x 3 x dia. of cooling rolls em) the rolls (deg.) 60 the rolls (m) (iv) Calculation of the Coolant Temperature:
The coolant temperature Two which makes it possible to obtain the target value of the final strip temperature may be determined in accordance with equations (1) and (2) by taking into account the flow rate of the cooling gas or the pressure P of the cooling gas in the plenum chambers ~,2~9570 and the angle of the strip relative to the cooling rolls which are known.
The calculations set forth at (i) to tip) above are easy to perform by an electronic computer based on the information on the annealing of each particular strip, such as the strip dimensions, line speed and target heat cycle.
The foregoing description has been based on the use of the cooling system shown in FIGURE 2. This invent lion is also applicable to the cooling of strip by other cooling apparatus. Another cooling system is shown by way of example in FIGURE 8. It includes gas jet coolers 26 and 27 by which the strip is cooled before it is cooled by the cooling rolls 2 to 5. The gas jet coolers can alternatively be disposed downstream of the cooling rolls.
It is also possible to combine the cooling systems of FIGURES 2 and 8 by, for example, disposing the gas jet coolers of FIGURE 8 upstream of the cooling system of FIGURE 2. In the event the combined cooling system of FIGURES 2 and 8 is utilized, it will be appropriate to employ four control factors, namely:
(1) Flow rate of the cooling gas blown by the gas jet coolers of FIGURE 8;
I Flow rate of the cooling gas blown by the gas jet coolers facing the cooling rolls as shown in FIGURE
2;
~;~395~) (3) Angle of the strip relative to the cooling rolls;
and
(4) Coolant temperature.
The foregoing description of FIGURES 4 to 8 has been based on the control of one of the factors at a time in accordance with the order of priority. According to this invention, it is also possible to control the flow rate of cooling gas and the angle of the strip relative to the cooling rolls simultaneously as herein before set forth. In this case, it is necessary to find experimentally the proportions of the contributions which those two factors make to the cooling of the strip, and it it, then, possible to determine the values in accordance with equations (1) and (2).
As is obvious from the foregoing description, this invention is most saliently characterized by effecting the preferential control of one or two factors or parameters having a better response to control than the other factor or factors, while keeping the other factor or factors in-tact as far as practically feasible. Thus, the method of this invention makes it possible to achieve the best posy sidle yield of production irrespective of any change in the annealing conditions.
The foregoing description of FIGURES 4 to 8 has been based on the control of one of the factors at a time in accordance with the order of priority. According to this invention, it is also possible to control the flow rate of cooling gas and the angle of the strip relative to the cooling rolls simultaneously as herein before set forth. In this case, it is necessary to find experimentally the proportions of the contributions which those two factors make to the cooling of the strip, and it it, then, possible to determine the values in accordance with equations (1) and (2).
As is obvious from the foregoing description, this invention is most saliently characterized by effecting the preferential control of one or two factors or parameters having a better response to control than the other factor or factors, while keeping the other factor or factors in-tact as far as practically feasible. Thus, the method of this invention makes it possible to achieve the best posy sidle yield of production irrespective of any change in the annealing conditions.
Claims (9)
1. In a method of controlling the temperature of a steel strip in the cooling zone of a continuous annealing furnace, said cooling zone being provided with a plurality of cooling rolls in which a coolant is circulated for cool-ing said strip as it is brought into contact with the outer peripheral surfaces of said rolls, and a plurality of gas jet coolers for blowing cooling gas against said strip, the improvement which comprises controlling the flow rate of said cooling gas, the angle at which said strip is brought into contact with said surfaces of said rolls and the temperature of said coolant in the order of first at least one of said flow rate and said angle and then said coolant temperature so that said strip may be cooled to a predetermined temperature.
2. A method as set forth in claim 1, wherein said flow rate is first controlled.
3. A method as set forth in claim 1, wherein said flow rate and said angle are controlled simultaneously.
4. A method as set forth in claim 2 or 3, wherein each of said gas jet coolers faces said outer peripheral surface of one of said cooling rolls.
5. A method as set forth in claim 2 or 3, wherein said gas jet coolers are located upstream of said cooling rolls in a path of strip travel.
6. A method as set forth in claim 2 or 3, wherein said gas jet coolers are located downstream of said cooling rolls in a path of strip travel.
7. A method as set forth in claim 2, wherein each of some of said gas jet coolers faces said outer peripheral surface of one of said cooling rolls, while the other gas jet coolers are located upstream of said cooling rolls in a path of strip travel.
8. A method as set forth in claim 3, wherein each of some of said gas jet coolers faces said outer peripheral surface of one of said cooling rolls, while the other gas jet coolers are located upstream of said cooling rolls in a path of strip travel.
9. A method as set forth in claim 7 or 8, wherein said flow rate of said cooling gas through said other gas jet coolers is controlled before said flow rate of said cooling gas through said some gas jet coolers is controlled.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP58-234986 | 1983-12-15 | ||
| JP58234986A JPS60128220A (en) | 1983-12-15 | 1983-12-15 | Method for controlling temperature of strip in cooling zone of continuous annealing furnace |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1239570A true CA1239570A (en) | 1988-07-26 |
Family
ID=16979354
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000470186A Expired CA1239570A (en) | 1983-12-15 | 1984-12-14 | Method of controlling the temperature of steel strip in the cooling zone of a continuous annealing furnace |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0145485B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPS60128220A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR890002799B1 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1239570A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3481528D1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES8602459A1 (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA849681B (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS62149820A (en) * | 1985-12-24 | 1987-07-03 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | Method for cooling steel strip |
| US5182074A (en) * | 1990-07-31 | 1993-01-26 | Nkk Corporation | Apparatus for continuously cooling metal strip |
| KR0159121B1 (en) * | 1992-06-23 | 1999-01-15 | 미요시 순기찌 | Metal band cooling apparatus and cooling method thereof |
| JP2022183534A (en) * | 2021-05-31 | 2022-12-13 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Release agent spray device and release agent spray method |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5610973B2 (en) * | 1973-12-13 | 1981-03-11 | ||
| JPS54118315A (en) * | 1978-03-08 | 1979-09-13 | Nippon Kokan Kk <Nkk> | Metal belt cooling |
| AU530384B2 (en) * | 1979-06-28 | 1983-07-14 | Nippon Kokan Kabushiki Kaisha | Controlled cooling of steel strip to effect continuous annealing |
| JPS5726127A (en) * | 1980-07-25 | 1982-02-12 | Nippon Steel Corp | Cooler for continuous annealing line for high tensile steel |
| FR2499591A1 (en) * | 1981-02-12 | 1982-08-13 | Stein Heurtey | DEVICE FOR QUICK COOLING AND CONTROLLED IN AN ANNEAL OR REDUCING ATMOSPHERE OVEN |
-
1983
- 1983-12-15 JP JP58234986A patent/JPS60128220A/en active Granted
-
1984
- 1984-12-11 EP EP84308613A patent/EP0145485B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1984-12-11 DE DE8484308613T patent/DE3481528D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1984-12-12 ZA ZA849681A patent/ZA849681B/en unknown
- 1984-12-14 KR KR1019840007948A patent/KR890002799B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1984-12-14 ES ES539293A patent/ES8602459A1/en not_active Expired
- 1984-12-14 CA CA000470186A patent/CA1239570A/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0145485B1 (en) | 1990-03-07 |
| JPS639569B2 (en) | 1988-02-29 |
| EP0145485A2 (en) | 1985-06-19 |
| ZA849681B (en) | 1986-04-30 |
| ES539293A0 (en) | 1985-11-16 |
| KR850004995A (en) | 1985-08-19 |
| ES8602459A1 (en) | 1985-11-16 |
| JPS60128220A (en) | 1985-07-09 |
| EP0145485A3 (en) | 1986-12-10 |
| KR890002799B1 (en) | 1989-07-31 |
| DE3481528D1 (en) | 1990-04-12 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US6054095A (en) | Widthwise uniform cooling system for steel strip in continuous steel strip heat treatment step | |
| CA1200474A (en) | Method of controlled cooling for steel strip | |
| EP2465620B1 (en) | Method for cooling hot-rolled steel strip | |
| JPS6314052B2 (en) | ||
| CA1239570A (en) | Method of controlling the temperature of steel strip in the cooling zone of a continuous annealing furnace | |
| KR950006693B1 (en) | Method and apparatus for controlling tension to be exerted on metal strip in continous annealing furnace | |
| EP0715550B1 (en) | Rolling of metal strip | |
| US4725321A (en) | Method for cooling a steel strip in a continuous annealing furnace | |
| CA1224122A (en) | Method for cooling a steel strip in a continuous- annealing furnace | |
| US4724014A (en) | Method for cooling a steel strip in a continuous annealing furnace | |
| JP4223238B2 (en) | Steel strip heating temperature control method | |
| JPS61253112A (en) | Control method for cooling steel plate | |
| JPH0713271B2 (en) | Metal plate continuous annealing equipment and metal plate continuous annealing method | |
| JPH0813046A (en) | Method for controlling metal strip temperature in cooling zone of continuous annealing furnace | |
| JPH06212281A (en) | Cooling method of metal strip of continuous annealing furnace | |
| KR100757670B1 (en) | Method for controlling the temperature of the strip at the heating section of the annealing furnace | |
| JPH09125155A (en) | Method for preventing meandering of passing steel sheet in continuous heat treatment furnace | |
| JPS59129737A (en) | Controlling method of temperature distribution in transverse direction of metallic strip | |
| JPS639570B2 (en) | ||
| KR100451823B1 (en) | Slow Cooling Method For Hot Rolled Wire Rod | |
| JPH0192323A (en) | Method for controlling sheet temperature in continuous annealing furnace | |
| JPS6317895B2 (en) | ||
| JPS6317896B2 (en) | ||
| JPS6345454B2 (en) | ||
| JPS5826415B2 (en) | Plate temperature control method |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |