CA1239298A - Implant as well as a dental prosthesis attached to one or more of such implants - Google Patents
Implant as well as a dental prosthesis attached to one or more of such implantsInfo
- Publication number
- CA1239298A CA1239298A CA000455488A CA455488A CA1239298A CA 1239298 A CA1239298 A CA 1239298A CA 000455488 A CA000455488 A CA 000455488A CA 455488 A CA455488 A CA 455488A CA 1239298 A CA1239298 A CA 1239298A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- implant
- cavity
- prosthesis
- anchoring
- implants
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
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- Prostheses (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
An implant and dental prosthesis comprises an anchoring part having one or more fixing means and a prosthesis part adapted to fix a dental prosthesis. The implant is provided with a cavity extending from the prosthesis part into the anchoring part, the wall of the anchoring part is perforated at one or more places and the prosthesis part is provided with a removable closing means for the cavity; when the implant is implanted the cavity of the implant may contain a medicine for protecting the implant against pathogenic bacteria etc.
An implant and dental prosthesis comprises an anchoring part having one or more fixing means and a prosthesis part adapted to fix a dental prosthesis. The implant is provided with a cavity extending from the prosthesis part into the anchoring part, the wall of the anchoring part is perforated at one or more places and the prosthesis part is provided with a removable closing means for the cavity; when the implant is implanted the cavity of the implant may contain a medicine for protecting the implant against pathogenic bacteria etc.
Description
~3~
The invention relates to a medical or dental implant comprising both an anchoring part having one or more fixing means for anchoring the implant to the bone, and a prosthesis part adapted to fix a dental prosthesis to the implant.
The known and currently most widely used implants have a metal anchoring part in the form of a plate, needle or screw. With these implants the anchoring is based on the mechanical engagement of the implanted body and the bone, and formation of a tissue covering at the interface of the bone and the implanted body.
Dutch patent application 66,03182 discloses implants of ceramic material such as metal oxides especially aluminum oxide, -silicates, -carbides, -borides, -nitrides, -silicides or glass~ These implants having e.q. the shape of pens are placed in hollow roots.
~ owever, after the implantation of the known implants whereby the implant is partly in the body ("milieu interieur") and partly outside the body ("milieu exterieur"), infections commonly appear because the transition region of "milieu interieur" to "milieu exterieur" is a "porte d'entrée" for pathogenic bacteria and other patho~enic germs. At this "porte d'entrée" the bacteria etc. coming out of the oral cavity, which in view of the temperature and humidity present therein is an ideal breeding place for a.o. bacteria, penetrate into the body against the plasma stream. The body reacts thereon by starting a de~ensive reaction inducing the forming of pus.
Because of these defensive reactions and the complications belonging thereto normally the placed implant gets lost or may even have to be removed in order to stop a steadily expanding infection.
The present invention has as an object the reduction of the above-mentioned problem so that the chances of survival of an implant aEter it has been appropriately 1 -- . , .. ~,,, Eilled can be improved substantially.
It has been found that the above described disadvantage of known implants can be reduced by providing the implant with a hollow cavity which e~tends from the prosthesis part into the anchoring part, the wall of the anehoring part being perforated at one or more places, and the prosthesis part being provided with a removable clos~ng means for the cavity. More particularly, in this cavity a medicine sueh as an antibiotie ean be placed which by diffusion/osmosis via the perforations present in the wall of the anchoring part will leave the cavity of the implant and will be carried away with the plasma stream in the direetion of the "milieu interieur/milieu exterieur".
Therefore a eonsiderable concentration of antibiotie is present at the transition regions of "milieu interieur/
milieu exterieur" so that this "porte d'entrée" for bacteria etc. is elosed. Normally an antibiotic having a broad spectrum, sueh as gentamycin, is used.
Apart from the above-mentioned advantage the implants aceording to the invention allow one to make instantaneous inspeetions of the condition of the implanted implant at any time. By removing the removable closing means one may earry out a puneture in the implant after whieh by means of a laboratory test it ean be determined whieh baeteria/eells are present in the implant. In ease of the presenee of undesired bacteria/eells in the implant it is possible to eombat these undesired baeteria/eells b~
means of a speeifie medieine. Therefore with the implants aecording to the invention it is possible to eheck eonstantly the condition of the implant and if desired to modify it. Further, it is possible to replenish or to replaee the antibiotic present in the implant after a period of time e.g. at a half-yearly check so that an optimum protection of the implant can be arranged.
3S The implant aecording to the invention is ~3~
preferably made of metal, e.y. dental gold haviny the composition of 65-85~ gold, 1-4% palladium, l-10~ platinum, 10-15% silver, 0-10~ copper and 0-1~ zinc. As available dental gold metals there may be mentioned: "Degudent-G"*
(98% noble metal alloy) and "Permador"*. Next to the above alloys, noble metal alloys may also be used. Also, other inert alloys having good corrosion resistance and strong mechanical load-bearing capabilities can be used e.g. alloys based on cobalt, chromium, titanium and molybdenum respectively, on the basis of chromium, cobalt and nickel.
The fixing means of the anchoring part of the implant is preferably a screw thread of the retaining type having a large pitch which pitch resembles that of a marrow screw.
The removable closing means for ~he cavity of the implant is preferably a screw cap which can be screwed on the free end of the prosthesis part of the implant.
However, other closing means can also be used which depend on the prosthesis later to be used on behalf of the rehabilitation of the set of teeth which are under treatment.
The diameter of the perforations in the wall of the anchoring part of the implant according to the invention should have such a size that a sufficient passage of body fluids may take place. However, the diameter and/or the number of perforations are limited by the fact that the structural strength of the implant should be considerable in view of the forces which can be expected during the implantation of the implant in the bone. ~hus an unequivocal indication of the diameter and/or number of perforations cannot be given, since it is also dependent on the material of the implant in question.
In the accompanying drawings:
FIGURE 1 is a longitudinal section of an implant according to a specific embodiment of the invention;
FIGURE 2 is a sectional view of an implant * Trade Marks according to a further embodiment of the invention, fitted with an obturator.
The implant according to the invention illustrated in longitudinal section in Fig. l is an implant of the screw pin type l made of dental gold and comprising a cavity 4 which extends from the prosthesis part into the anchoring part. The a~choring part is provided with a screw thread 2 of the retaining type having a large pitch which resernbles that of a marrow screw~ The wall of the hollow implant has a thickness of at least 0.4 mm. Further, the wall of the anchoring part is provided with one or more perforations 5 having a diameter of 0.5-l mm. The free end of the prosthesis part of the implant is supplied with a screw thread for closing the cavity by means of a screw cap 3.
Further the invention relates to a dental prosthesis such as an ~rtificial tooth, bridge or a comp~ete upper or lower set of artificial teeth which is attacned to one or more of the implants according to the invention, and the cavity of the said implant or implants mounted in the bone is supplied with an antibiotic. From experience gained to date it appears that such dental prosthesis based on the implants according to the invention do have an increased lifetime.
When in the post implant period it is definitely evident the implant is settled and there is no more need for a local antibiotic, the cavity inside the implant, including the perforations, may be occluded by an obturator which is screwed in (clockwise~ into the cavity as shown in Fig. 2, illustrating among other items an embodiment of an obturator 6, other reference numerals corresponding to those of Fig. 2 Once the need arises to utilize a local antibiotic again, the obturator may easily be extracted from the cavity by screwing the obturator out (counter clockwise). The cavity is again ready to receive an antibiotic filling and is for instance closed by screwing a cap on the top of the implant.
The invention relates to a medical or dental implant comprising both an anchoring part having one or more fixing means for anchoring the implant to the bone, and a prosthesis part adapted to fix a dental prosthesis to the implant.
The known and currently most widely used implants have a metal anchoring part in the form of a plate, needle or screw. With these implants the anchoring is based on the mechanical engagement of the implanted body and the bone, and formation of a tissue covering at the interface of the bone and the implanted body.
Dutch patent application 66,03182 discloses implants of ceramic material such as metal oxides especially aluminum oxide, -silicates, -carbides, -borides, -nitrides, -silicides or glass~ These implants having e.q. the shape of pens are placed in hollow roots.
~ owever, after the implantation of the known implants whereby the implant is partly in the body ("milieu interieur") and partly outside the body ("milieu exterieur"), infections commonly appear because the transition region of "milieu interieur" to "milieu exterieur" is a "porte d'entrée" for pathogenic bacteria and other patho~enic germs. At this "porte d'entrée" the bacteria etc. coming out of the oral cavity, which in view of the temperature and humidity present therein is an ideal breeding place for a.o. bacteria, penetrate into the body against the plasma stream. The body reacts thereon by starting a de~ensive reaction inducing the forming of pus.
Because of these defensive reactions and the complications belonging thereto normally the placed implant gets lost or may even have to be removed in order to stop a steadily expanding infection.
The present invention has as an object the reduction of the above-mentioned problem so that the chances of survival of an implant aEter it has been appropriately 1 -- . , .. ~,,, Eilled can be improved substantially.
It has been found that the above described disadvantage of known implants can be reduced by providing the implant with a hollow cavity which e~tends from the prosthesis part into the anchoring part, the wall of the anehoring part being perforated at one or more places, and the prosthesis part being provided with a removable clos~ng means for the cavity. More particularly, in this cavity a medicine sueh as an antibiotie ean be placed which by diffusion/osmosis via the perforations present in the wall of the anchoring part will leave the cavity of the implant and will be carried away with the plasma stream in the direetion of the "milieu interieur/milieu exterieur".
Therefore a eonsiderable concentration of antibiotie is present at the transition regions of "milieu interieur/
milieu exterieur" so that this "porte d'entrée" for bacteria etc. is elosed. Normally an antibiotic having a broad spectrum, sueh as gentamycin, is used.
Apart from the above-mentioned advantage the implants aceording to the invention allow one to make instantaneous inspeetions of the condition of the implanted implant at any time. By removing the removable closing means one may earry out a puneture in the implant after whieh by means of a laboratory test it ean be determined whieh baeteria/eells are present in the implant. In ease of the presenee of undesired bacteria/eells in the implant it is possible to eombat these undesired baeteria/eells b~
means of a speeifie medieine. Therefore with the implants aecording to the invention it is possible to eheck eonstantly the condition of the implant and if desired to modify it. Further, it is possible to replenish or to replaee the antibiotic present in the implant after a period of time e.g. at a half-yearly check so that an optimum protection of the implant can be arranged.
3S The implant aecording to the invention is ~3~
preferably made of metal, e.y. dental gold haviny the composition of 65-85~ gold, 1-4% palladium, l-10~ platinum, 10-15% silver, 0-10~ copper and 0-1~ zinc. As available dental gold metals there may be mentioned: "Degudent-G"*
(98% noble metal alloy) and "Permador"*. Next to the above alloys, noble metal alloys may also be used. Also, other inert alloys having good corrosion resistance and strong mechanical load-bearing capabilities can be used e.g. alloys based on cobalt, chromium, titanium and molybdenum respectively, on the basis of chromium, cobalt and nickel.
The fixing means of the anchoring part of the implant is preferably a screw thread of the retaining type having a large pitch which pitch resembles that of a marrow screw.
The removable closing means for ~he cavity of the implant is preferably a screw cap which can be screwed on the free end of the prosthesis part of the implant.
However, other closing means can also be used which depend on the prosthesis later to be used on behalf of the rehabilitation of the set of teeth which are under treatment.
The diameter of the perforations in the wall of the anchoring part of the implant according to the invention should have such a size that a sufficient passage of body fluids may take place. However, the diameter and/or the number of perforations are limited by the fact that the structural strength of the implant should be considerable in view of the forces which can be expected during the implantation of the implant in the bone. ~hus an unequivocal indication of the diameter and/or number of perforations cannot be given, since it is also dependent on the material of the implant in question.
In the accompanying drawings:
FIGURE 1 is a longitudinal section of an implant according to a specific embodiment of the invention;
FIGURE 2 is a sectional view of an implant * Trade Marks according to a further embodiment of the invention, fitted with an obturator.
The implant according to the invention illustrated in longitudinal section in Fig. l is an implant of the screw pin type l made of dental gold and comprising a cavity 4 which extends from the prosthesis part into the anchoring part. The a~choring part is provided with a screw thread 2 of the retaining type having a large pitch which resernbles that of a marrow screw~ The wall of the hollow implant has a thickness of at least 0.4 mm. Further, the wall of the anchoring part is provided with one or more perforations 5 having a diameter of 0.5-l mm. The free end of the prosthesis part of the implant is supplied with a screw thread for closing the cavity by means of a screw cap 3.
Further the invention relates to a dental prosthesis such as an ~rtificial tooth, bridge or a comp~ete upper or lower set of artificial teeth which is attacned to one or more of the implants according to the invention, and the cavity of the said implant or implants mounted in the bone is supplied with an antibiotic. From experience gained to date it appears that such dental prosthesis based on the implants according to the invention do have an increased lifetime.
When in the post implant period it is definitely evident the implant is settled and there is no more need for a local antibiotic, the cavity inside the implant, including the perforations, may be occluded by an obturator which is screwed in (clockwise~ into the cavity as shown in Fig. 2, illustrating among other items an embodiment of an obturator 6, other reference numerals corresponding to those of Fig. 2 Once the need arises to utilize a local antibiotic again, the obturator may easily be extracted from the cavity by screwing the obturator out (counter clockwise). The cavity is again ready to receive an antibiotic filling and is for instance closed by screwing a cap on the top of the implant.
Claims (7)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. An implant for medical or dental use, comprising an anchoring part having at least one fixing means for anchoring the implant to the bone, and a prosthesis part adapted for fixing a dental prosthesis thereto, said implant being provided with a cavity which extends from the prosthesis part into the anchoring part, the wall of the anchoring part being perforated and the prosthesis being provided with a removable closing means for the cavity.
2. An implant according to claim 1, made of metal or metal alloy.
3. An implant according to claim 1, made of dental gold or another noble metal alloy.
4. An implant according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein said anchoring part is screw threaded for anchoring the implant to the bone.
5. An implant according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein the removable closing means is a screw cap which can be screwed on the free end of the prothesis part.
6. An implant according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein the implant is made of dental gold, the cavity in the implant has a diameter of 2-2.5 mm, the wall of the hollow implant has a thickness of at least 0.4 mm and the perforations in the wall of the anchoring part have a diameter of 0.5-1 mm.
7. Dental prosthesis attached to one or more implants according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein the cavity of the implant or implants contains a medicine.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000455488A CA1239298A (en) | 1984-05-30 | 1984-05-30 | Implant as well as a dental prosthesis attached to one or more of such implants |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000455488A CA1239298A (en) | 1984-05-30 | 1984-05-30 | Implant as well as a dental prosthesis attached to one or more of such implants |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1239298A true CA1239298A (en) | 1988-07-19 |
Family
ID=4127973
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000455488A Expired CA1239298A (en) | 1984-05-30 | 1984-05-30 | Implant as well as a dental prosthesis attached to one or more of such implants |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1239298A (en) |
-
1984
- 1984-05-30 CA CA000455488A patent/CA1239298A/en not_active Expired
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |