CA1237409A - Vertical shaft impact crusher with split tub - Google Patents
Vertical shaft impact crusher with split tubInfo
- Publication number
- CA1237409A CA1237409A CA000481430A CA481430A CA1237409A CA 1237409 A CA1237409 A CA 1237409A CA 000481430 A CA000481430 A CA 000481430A CA 481430 A CA481430 A CA 481430A CA 1237409 A CA1237409 A CA 1237409A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- housing
- anvils
- housing portion
- crusher
- remainder
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013072 incoming material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
A vertical shaft impact crusher features a split tub such that the upper portion carrying the anvil ring and anvils can be removed as a unit and inverted on the ground for fast and easy anvil removal. The upper tub portion can also be rotated relative to the lower portion in order to even out anvil wear quickly and effectively.
A vertical shaft impact crusher features a split tub such that the upper portion carrying the anvil ring and anvils can be removed as a unit and inverted on the ground for fast and easy anvil removal. The upper tub portion can also be rotated relative to the lower portion in order to even out anvil wear quickly and effectively.
Description
7gL~9 VERTICAL SHAFT IMPACT CRUSHRR WITH SPLIT TIJB
-The present invention concerns rock crushers and par-ticularly impact crushers of the vertical shaft type.
As is well known, the anvils in a vertical shaft impact crusher wear at a rate second only to the impeller shoes and so must also be replaced at periodic intervals. Typically the anvils are carried by an anvil ring seated wlthin the upper end of the crusher housing or "tub", as it is o~ten called. But fine and coarse rock, angular and sharp edged from fracturing, accu-mulates on top and behind the anvils and the anvil ring. Sodensely packed does the accumulation become that removal of the anvils and the anvil ring is both dif~icult and time consuming.
After removing the crusher lid it of~en needs two men with hammers and bars up to one hour to chip away the accumulation before the ring and anvils can be detached. Even a sin~le rock can bar removal of the anvil ring.
Not only must the anvils be replaced when worn out but ~or economy's sake they must also be rotated. As is likewise well known, the anvils wear unevenly, those in one sector abrad-ing the most while those in a sector diametrically oppositeabrading the least, the wear on the remaining anvils graduating between the two extremes. It is not uncommon to have a 3a~ to 50% dlfference between the most and least worn anvils. The reason for this, as will be explained more fully later on, has to do with the nature of the feed tube carried by the crusher lidJ
as well as with ~he direction of the feed into the hopper from the conveyor. TJsually the crusher operator first replaces the most worn anvils, after having excavated the accumulation of rock above them as previously described. Some anvils will have ~3~Q~
remainin~ we~r life bu~ o~ten the operator wlll also replace those anyway rather than endure the down time involved in re-placing them a few days lflter. There is then not only a mismatch, unworn and worn anvils in the crusher, but it is most 5 difficult afterwards~ until a complete set of new anvils is installed, to arrange anvil replacement in order that all anvils are equally worn before they are discarded. This is because the next anvils needing replacement are among those of graduated wear between the most and least worn, again causing a mismatch. When 10 the least worn at last must be discarded there is approximfltelv 30% to 50% wear on those which first replaced the most worn anvils. At this time i~ is common to exchange the least worn anvils for the most worn ones either by moving them indivldually or by rotating the anvil ring 180. But however rotation of the 15 anvils is performed in current practice, manual labor is required - to knock out the accumulated rock above. Even then it is often still difficult or impossible as a practical matter either to rotate the anvil ring in place or to remove it for rotation because of liming, corrosion and the like between the anvil ring 20 and the tub in which the ring is seated. Hence, in most cases the anvils must be individually removed from the anvil rin~ and replaced 180 from their previous location.
Accordingly, the invention primarily seeks to provide a vertical impact crusher in which the anvils can be replacPd 25 and/or the anvil ring and anvils as a unit easily rotated to even out anvil wear, all with a minimum of time and labor.
The aim of the invention is achieved by, in eEfect, splitting the tub behind the anvil ring ~where no rock accumu-lates) into upper and lower portions or tubs and securing the anvil ring or other anvil retaining means to the upper tuh only.
Hence, after removal of the lid and hopper, the upper tub complete with the anvil ring and anvils can be lifted off (by a crane) as a unit from the lower tub and inverted on the ground.
5 When this is done, it has been found in practice, the mere inversion of the upper tub and the attendant jars as it strlkes the ground very effectively dislodges all the accumulated rock.
Especially when the anvils are of the liftout type, being retained by gravity in wedging seats, inversion of the upper tub 10 allows the individual anvils to be easily removed. At most, only a blow or two by a hammer is necessary. Hence in one broad aspect the invention contemplates a vertical shelf impact crusher including a stationary housing having an upright cylindrical wall with an axis and a removable lid closing the 15 upper end of the housing. A plurality of individual anvils within the housing are circumferentially disposed in a ring within and concentric with the housing wall, with the anvils being retained in position in anvil retaining means carried by the housing wall and individually removable from the crusher 20 after removal of the lid by upward movement of each anvil relative to the anvil retaining means. The housing comprises upper and lower portions, with the anvil retaining means being carried by the upper portion. The upper housing portion is attached to the lower housing portion by releasable means 25 effective so that upon release of the releasable means and removal of the lid the upper housing portion together with the anvils can be lifted as a unit from the lower housing portion and inverted on the ground to facilitate removal of the anvils from the anvil retaining means.
Another feature inherent in the split tub design i6 the ability to rotate all the anvils as a unit so as to even out . ~
anvil wear without the need to remove individual anvils or -to lift out the anvil ring from within the tub in order to do so.
After, say, 30% to 50~ wear of the anvils in the heavy wear sector, the lid an~ hopper are removed and then the upper tub and anvils as a unit rotated 180, thus placing the least worn anvils in the heavy wear sector and the most worn anvils in the least wear sector, the two sets of anvils between -those two sectors thus being reversed in graduation of wear. Thereafter operation of the crusher will largely even out anvil wear until all the anvils are nearly equally worn to the prescribed limit.
All the anvils are then ready for replacement in the manner previously described by lifting off the upper tub and inverting it on the ground. Obviously, the saving in time and labor and in anvil utility and economy is substantial compared with current practices. ~ence in another broad aspect the invention contemplates a vertical shaft impact crusher including a stationary housing having an upright cylindrical wall with an axis and a removable lid closing the upper end of the housing.
A plurality of individual anvils within the housing are circumferentially disposed in a ring within and concentric with the housing wall, the anvils being retained in position by means carried by the housing wall and individually removable from the retaining means after removal of the lid by upward movement relative thereto without need to disassemble the crusher housing. The housing comprises upper and lower portions, the anvil retaining means being attached to the upper portion, and the upper housing portion being secured to the lower housing portion by releasable means e~fective so that upon release of the releasable means the upper housing portion togethar with the anvils can be both lifted as a unit from an initial position on the lower housing portion and replaced back onto the lower housing portion in at least one other position thereon rotatably } -4-.~
~3~4~
disposed with respect to the housing axis from the initial position.
In another aspect, the invention pertains to a method of facilitating removal of the anvils from a vertical shaft impact crusher after a period of crushing operation, the crusher including a housing having an upright cylindrical wall and a removable lid closing the upper end of the housing. A plurality of anvils within the housing are circumferentially disposed in a ring within the housing wall, the anvils being retained in position in anvil retaining means carried by an upper portion of the housing wall and removable from the retaining means by upward movement relative thereto, and the upper housing portion is attached to the remainder of the housing by releasable means.
The method comprises disconnecting the upper housing portion from the remainder of the housing by releasing the releasable means, removing the lid, and lifting the upper housing portion together with the anvils as a unit from the lower housing portion and inverting the same on the ground.
A still further aspect of the invention pertains to a method of distributing wear on the anvils of a vertical shaft impact crusher resulting from crushing of material, which ~ crusher includes a housing having an upright cylindrical wall with an axis and a plurality of anvils within the housing circumferentially disposed in a ring within the housing wall.
The anvils are retained in position by means carried by an upper portion of the housing wall, and the upper housing portion is attached to the remainder of the housing by releasable means.
~he method comprises disconnecting the upper housing portion from the remainder of the housing by releasing the releasable ~0 means, moving the upper housing portion together with the anvils as a unit relative to the housing remainder from an initial position on the housing remainder to at least one other position thereon rotatably disposed with respect to the housing axis from the initial position, and re~attaching the upper housing portion to the housing remainder by resecuring the releasable means.
~ ~ 3 ~
The features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the more detailed description which follows and the drawings, in which:
Figure 1 is a vertical section, taken approximately 5 along the line 1-l of Figure 2, through the upper half of a vertical shaft impact crusher embodyin~ the features of the invention.
Figure 2 is a sectional view taken along the line 2-2 of Figure 1 and also illustrating the disposition of the grada-10 tions of anvil wear relative to the direction o~ material feedinto the crusher.
Figure 3, which appears with Figure l, is a detail view taken along the line 3-3 of Figure 1.
The construction of the crusher is basically quite con 15 ventional~ the essential difference being the cylindrical housing which is split into a lower tub 10 and an upper tub 11. The upper edge of the lower tub 10 is surmounted by a gasket 12 upon which seats an annular flange plate 13 forming the base of the upper tub 11. The inner annular edge of the plate 13 is en 20 circled by an upstanding annular anvil ring support 14 which is braced against the inner wall o the upper tub 11 by short radial gusset plates 14a. The lower and upper tubs 10 and 11 are secured together by an array of equally spaced or indexed up-standing wedge tangs 15 welded to the exterior of the lower 25 tub 10 adjacent its top edge, the tangs 15 extending up through slots in the flange plate 13 and apertured thereabove to receive elongated wedges 16. Similar upstanding wedge tangs 17 are secured adjacent the top edge of the upper tub 11 and extend up through open ended slots in the rim of a circular lid 18 9 the 30 tangs 17 also being apertured thereabove to receive elongate~
wedges 19. The latter and wedges 16 thus secure the lower and upper tubs 10 and 11 and the lid 18 together durlng operation of the crusher.
~ 2 ~
The lid 18 is centrally apertured to receive a con-ventional cylindrical feed tube 20 surrounded by a feed hopper 21, both secured to the lid 18. The feed tube 20 extends down below the lid 18 and opens on to a typical circular impeller table 22 fitted with replaceable impeller shoes 23 outboard of the feed tube 20. The impeller table 22 is secured atop a fly wheel 24 driven by a vertical main shaft 25 in any suitable manner. The anvil ring support 14 embraces an ~nvil ring 26 which is supported therewithin by a trio of short lugs 27 welded atop the ring 26 and extending radially outwards ~herefrom. The lugs 27 sit in corresponding ones of several steps 28 cut into the top of the ring support 14 (see Figure 3) and are retained by complementary stepped blocks 29 bolted at 30 to the'adjacent inner wall of the upper tub 11. The inner face of the anvil ring 26 carries a circle of anvils 31 retained by gravity in wedging sockets 32 welded to the anvil ring 26, all as is typical. Note that the anvil ring 26 is disposed such that the joint between the tubs 10 and 11 is behind the ring 26~ This protects the gasket 12 from abrasion by dust swirling below in the tub 10. Vertical adjustment of the anvils 31 is accomplished by removing the blocks 29 and then lifting and rotating the anvil ring 26 until the lugs 27 sit upon the steps 28 of the desired elevation, whereafter the blocks 29 are reinstalled.
Accordingly, when the anvils 31 are to be changed the lid wedges 1~ are removed and the lid 18 lifted off. Then the tub wedges 16 are removed and the entire upper tub 11 together ~ith the anvils 31 is lifted off and inverted on the ground. The accumulated rock above the anvil ring 26, indicated at 33 in Figure 1, is thereby sufficiently jostled so that it largely falls free to the ground. If the anvils 31 do not then also fall free of their own accord from their wedging sockets 32, no more than a blow or two from a hammer will dislodge them. When the upper tub 11 is righted, fresh anvils 31 can be dropped into their sockets 32 and the upper tub 11 and lid 18 reassembled on the crusher.
The phenomenon of unequal wear of the anvils 31 is indicated in Figure 2. Assuming that feed into the hopper 21, as from a conveyor, is ln the direction of the arrow F, the descend-ing rock in the feed tube 20 will form a sort of vorteg V
eccentric to the crusher's axis, much like w~ter down a drain, with the center line of the greatest and least quantities of 10 material lying in the direction of feed F, the greatest quantity being disposed away from and the least toward the incoming material. Assuming also t~at the direction of rotation of the impeller table 22 is as shown by the arrow R, of the material flung ou~wards by the impeller shoes 23 the greatest quantit~J
15 ~ill therefore strike the anvils 31 in the 9:30 to 11:30 o'clock position, and the least amount the anvils 31 in the 3:3~ to 5:30 o'clock position, relative to the orientation of Figure 2, as indicated bv the two ~roups of stippled anvils 31 in that Figure.
~ence the wear on the former anvils will be ~reatest and that on the latter least. Put another way, the center line o~ the area of greatest anvil wear forms an obtuse included angle, and the center line of least anvil wear an acute included angle, with and on opposite sides of the direction of feed F. Anvil wear between these two diametricall~ opposite locations graduates from the greatest to the least.
The difference in anvil wear between the greatest and the least can be substantial. For instance, after 133 hours of operation of an actual crusher embodying the invention, 2-5116 inches were worn rom the anvils in the area of greatest wear but only 1-1/4 to 1-5116 inches from those in the area of least wear.
~- .
~L~3~4~
At that time, the wedges 16 were removed and the upper tub 11 and lid 18 lifted and rotated 1~0, thus reversing the relative positions of the anvils. After reassembly and an additional 218 hours of operation, the wear on all the anvils was nearly equal, varying ~rom 3-9/16 to 3-5/16 inches. Hence by simply rotating the upper tub 11 from time to time, without need to disturb the anvil ring or to remove the anvils indlvidually, anvil wear can be kept relatively equal until all are worn to the limit. ~11 anvils can then be replaced at once, in the manner previously described, rather than only piecemeal and with the difficulties inherent in the prior art. The consequent savings ln down time and anvil cost are obvious. Note that the upper tub 11 need not be rotated 180 each time but, owing to the equal spacing of the wedge tangs 15, lesser degrees of rotation are available in order, for instance, to accommodate a change in the direction of feed F and thus a change in the areas o~ greatest and least anvil wear.
-The present invention concerns rock crushers and par-ticularly impact crushers of the vertical shaft type.
As is well known, the anvils in a vertical shaft impact crusher wear at a rate second only to the impeller shoes and so must also be replaced at periodic intervals. Typically the anvils are carried by an anvil ring seated wlthin the upper end of the crusher housing or "tub", as it is o~ten called. But fine and coarse rock, angular and sharp edged from fracturing, accu-mulates on top and behind the anvils and the anvil ring. Sodensely packed does the accumulation become that removal of the anvils and the anvil ring is both dif~icult and time consuming.
After removing the crusher lid it of~en needs two men with hammers and bars up to one hour to chip away the accumulation before the ring and anvils can be detached. Even a sin~le rock can bar removal of the anvil ring.
Not only must the anvils be replaced when worn out but ~or economy's sake they must also be rotated. As is likewise well known, the anvils wear unevenly, those in one sector abrad-ing the most while those in a sector diametrically oppositeabrading the least, the wear on the remaining anvils graduating between the two extremes. It is not uncommon to have a 3a~ to 50% dlfference between the most and least worn anvils. The reason for this, as will be explained more fully later on, has to do with the nature of the feed tube carried by the crusher lidJ
as well as with ~he direction of the feed into the hopper from the conveyor. TJsually the crusher operator first replaces the most worn anvils, after having excavated the accumulation of rock above them as previously described. Some anvils will have ~3~Q~
remainin~ we~r life bu~ o~ten the operator wlll also replace those anyway rather than endure the down time involved in re-placing them a few days lflter. There is then not only a mismatch, unworn and worn anvils in the crusher, but it is most 5 difficult afterwards~ until a complete set of new anvils is installed, to arrange anvil replacement in order that all anvils are equally worn before they are discarded. This is because the next anvils needing replacement are among those of graduated wear between the most and least worn, again causing a mismatch. When 10 the least worn at last must be discarded there is approximfltelv 30% to 50% wear on those which first replaced the most worn anvils. At this time i~ is common to exchange the least worn anvils for the most worn ones either by moving them indivldually or by rotating the anvil ring 180. But however rotation of the 15 anvils is performed in current practice, manual labor is required - to knock out the accumulated rock above. Even then it is often still difficult or impossible as a practical matter either to rotate the anvil ring in place or to remove it for rotation because of liming, corrosion and the like between the anvil ring 20 and the tub in which the ring is seated. Hence, in most cases the anvils must be individually removed from the anvil rin~ and replaced 180 from their previous location.
Accordingly, the invention primarily seeks to provide a vertical impact crusher in which the anvils can be replacPd 25 and/or the anvil ring and anvils as a unit easily rotated to even out anvil wear, all with a minimum of time and labor.
The aim of the invention is achieved by, in eEfect, splitting the tub behind the anvil ring ~where no rock accumu-lates) into upper and lower portions or tubs and securing the anvil ring or other anvil retaining means to the upper tuh only.
Hence, after removal of the lid and hopper, the upper tub complete with the anvil ring and anvils can be lifted off (by a crane) as a unit from the lower tub and inverted on the ground.
5 When this is done, it has been found in practice, the mere inversion of the upper tub and the attendant jars as it strlkes the ground very effectively dislodges all the accumulated rock.
Especially when the anvils are of the liftout type, being retained by gravity in wedging seats, inversion of the upper tub 10 allows the individual anvils to be easily removed. At most, only a blow or two by a hammer is necessary. Hence in one broad aspect the invention contemplates a vertical shelf impact crusher including a stationary housing having an upright cylindrical wall with an axis and a removable lid closing the 15 upper end of the housing. A plurality of individual anvils within the housing are circumferentially disposed in a ring within and concentric with the housing wall, with the anvils being retained in position in anvil retaining means carried by the housing wall and individually removable from the crusher 20 after removal of the lid by upward movement of each anvil relative to the anvil retaining means. The housing comprises upper and lower portions, with the anvil retaining means being carried by the upper portion. The upper housing portion is attached to the lower housing portion by releasable means 25 effective so that upon release of the releasable means and removal of the lid the upper housing portion together with the anvils can be lifted as a unit from the lower housing portion and inverted on the ground to facilitate removal of the anvils from the anvil retaining means.
Another feature inherent in the split tub design i6 the ability to rotate all the anvils as a unit so as to even out . ~
anvil wear without the need to remove individual anvils or -to lift out the anvil ring from within the tub in order to do so.
After, say, 30% to 50~ wear of the anvils in the heavy wear sector, the lid an~ hopper are removed and then the upper tub and anvils as a unit rotated 180, thus placing the least worn anvils in the heavy wear sector and the most worn anvils in the least wear sector, the two sets of anvils between -those two sectors thus being reversed in graduation of wear. Thereafter operation of the crusher will largely even out anvil wear until all the anvils are nearly equally worn to the prescribed limit.
All the anvils are then ready for replacement in the manner previously described by lifting off the upper tub and inverting it on the ground. Obviously, the saving in time and labor and in anvil utility and economy is substantial compared with current practices. ~ence in another broad aspect the invention contemplates a vertical shaft impact crusher including a stationary housing having an upright cylindrical wall with an axis and a removable lid closing the upper end of the housing.
A plurality of individual anvils within the housing are circumferentially disposed in a ring within and concentric with the housing wall, the anvils being retained in position by means carried by the housing wall and individually removable from the retaining means after removal of the lid by upward movement relative thereto without need to disassemble the crusher housing. The housing comprises upper and lower portions, the anvil retaining means being attached to the upper portion, and the upper housing portion being secured to the lower housing portion by releasable means e~fective so that upon release of the releasable means the upper housing portion togethar with the anvils can be both lifted as a unit from an initial position on the lower housing portion and replaced back onto the lower housing portion in at least one other position thereon rotatably } -4-.~
~3~4~
disposed with respect to the housing axis from the initial position.
In another aspect, the invention pertains to a method of facilitating removal of the anvils from a vertical shaft impact crusher after a period of crushing operation, the crusher including a housing having an upright cylindrical wall and a removable lid closing the upper end of the housing. A plurality of anvils within the housing are circumferentially disposed in a ring within the housing wall, the anvils being retained in position in anvil retaining means carried by an upper portion of the housing wall and removable from the retaining means by upward movement relative thereto, and the upper housing portion is attached to the remainder of the housing by releasable means.
The method comprises disconnecting the upper housing portion from the remainder of the housing by releasing the releasable means, removing the lid, and lifting the upper housing portion together with the anvils as a unit from the lower housing portion and inverting the same on the ground.
A still further aspect of the invention pertains to a method of distributing wear on the anvils of a vertical shaft impact crusher resulting from crushing of material, which ~ crusher includes a housing having an upright cylindrical wall with an axis and a plurality of anvils within the housing circumferentially disposed in a ring within the housing wall.
The anvils are retained in position by means carried by an upper portion of the housing wall, and the upper housing portion is attached to the remainder of the housing by releasable means.
~he method comprises disconnecting the upper housing portion from the remainder of the housing by releasing the releasable ~0 means, moving the upper housing portion together with the anvils as a unit relative to the housing remainder from an initial position on the housing remainder to at least one other position thereon rotatably disposed with respect to the housing axis from the initial position, and re~attaching the upper housing portion to the housing remainder by resecuring the releasable means.
~ ~ 3 ~
The features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the more detailed description which follows and the drawings, in which:
Figure 1 is a vertical section, taken approximately 5 along the line 1-l of Figure 2, through the upper half of a vertical shaft impact crusher embodyin~ the features of the invention.
Figure 2 is a sectional view taken along the line 2-2 of Figure 1 and also illustrating the disposition of the grada-10 tions of anvil wear relative to the direction o~ material feedinto the crusher.
Figure 3, which appears with Figure l, is a detail view taken along the line 3-3 of Figure 1.
The construction of the crusher is basically quite con 15 ventional~ the essential difference being the cylindrical housing which is split into a lower tub 10 and an upper tub 11. The upper edge of the lower tub 10 is surmounted by a gasket 12 upon which seats an annular flange plate 13 forming the base of the upper tub 11. The inner annular edge of the plate 13 is en 20 circled by an upstanding annular anvil ring support 14 which is braced against the inner wall o the upper tub 11 by short radial gusset plates 14a. The lower and upper tubs 10 and 11 are secured together by an array of equally spaced or indexed up-standing wedge tangs 15 welded to the exterior of the lower 25 tub 10 adjacent its top edge, the tangs 15 extending up through slots in the flange plate 13 and apertured thereabove to receive elongated wedges 16. Similar upstanding wedge tangs 17 are secured adjacent the top edge of the upper tub 11 and extend up through open ended slots in the rim of a circular lid 18 9 the 30 tangs 17 also being apertured thereabove to receive elongate~
wedges 19. The latter and wedges 16 thus secure the lower and upper tubs 10 and 11 and the lid 18 together durlng operation of the crusher.
~ 2 ~
The lid 18 is centrally apertured to receive a con-ventional cylindrical feed tube 20 surrounded by a feed hopper 21, both secured to the lid 18. The feed tube 20 extends down below the lid 18 and opens on to a typical circular impeller table 22 fitted with replaceable impeller shoes 23 outboard of the feed tube 20. The impeller table 22 is secured atop a fly wheel 24 driven by a vertical main shaft 25 in any suitable manner. The anvil ring support 14 embraces an ~nvil ring 26 which is supported therewithin by a trio of short lugs 27 welded atop the ring 26 and extending radially outwards ~herefrom. The lugs 27 sit in corresponding ones of several steps 28 cut into the top of the ring support 14 (see Figure 3) and are retained by complementary stepped blocks 29 bolted at 30 to the'adjacent inner wall of the upper tub 11. The inner face of the anvil ring 26 carries a circle of anvils 31 retained by gravity in wedging sockets 32 welded to the anvil ring 26, all as is typical. Note that the anvil ring 26 is disposed such that the joint between the tubs 10 and 11 is behind the ring 26~ This protects the gasket 12 from abrasion by dust swirling below in the tub 10. Vertical adjustment of the anvils 31 is accomplished by removing the blocks 29 and then lifting and rotating the anvil ring 26 until the lugs 27 sit upon the steps 28 of the desired elevation, whereafter the blocks 29 are reinstalled.
Accordingly, when the anvils 31 are to be changed the lid wedges 1~ are removed and the lid 18 lifted off. Then the tub wedges 16 are removed and the entire upper tub 11 together ~ith the anvils 31 is lifted off and inverted on the ground. The accumulated rock above the anvil ring 26, indicated at 33 in Figure 1, is thereby sufficiently jostled so that it largely falls free to the ground. If the anvils 31 do not then also fall free of their own accord from their wedging sockets 32, no more than a blow or two from a hammer will dislodge them. When the upper tub 11 is righted, fresh anvils 31 can be dropped into their sockets 32 and the upper tub 11 and lid 18 reassembled on the crusher.
The phenomenon of unequal wear of the anvils 31 is indicated in Figure 2. Assuming that feed into the hopper 21, as from a conveyor, is ln the direction of the arrow F, the descend-ing rock in the feed tube 20 will form a sort of vorteg V
eccentric to the crusher's axis, much like w~ter down a drain, with the center line of the greatest and least quantities of 10 material lying in the direction of feed F, the greatest quantity being disposed away from and the least toward the incoming material. Assuming also t~at the direction of rotation of the impeller table 22 is as shown by the arrow R, of the material flung ou~wards by the impeller shoes 23 the greatest quantit~J
15 ~ill therefore strike the anvils 31 in the 9:30 to 11:30 o'clock position, and the least amount the anvils 31 in the 3:3~ to 5:30 o'clock position, relative to the orientation of Figure 2, as indicated bv the two ~roups of stippled anvils 31 in that Figure.
~ence the wear on the former anvils will be ~reatest and that on the latter least. Put another way, the center line o~ the area of greatest anvil wear forms an obtuse included angle, and the center line of least anvil wear an acute included angle, with and on opposite sides of the direction of feed F. Anvil wear between these two diametricall~ opposite locations graduates from the greatest to the least.
The difference in anvil wear between the greatest and the least can be substantial. For instance, after 133 hours of operation of an actual crusher embodying the invention, 2-5116 inches were worn rom the anvils in the area of greatest wear but only 1-1/4 to 1-5116 inches from those in the area of least wear.
~- .
~L~3~4~
At that time, the wedges 16 were removed and the upper tub 11 and lid 18 lifted and rotated 1~0, thus reversing the relative positions of the anvils. After reassembly and an additional 218 hours of operation, the wear on all the anvils was nearly equal, varying ~rom 3-9/16 to 3-5/16 inches. Hence by simply rotating the upper tub 11 from time to time, without need to disturb the anvil ring or to remove the anvils indlvidually, anvil wear can be kept relatively equal until all are worn to the limit. ~11 anvils can then be replaced at once, in the manner previously described, rather than only piecemeal and with the difficulties inherent in the prior art. The consequent savings ln down time and anvil cost are obvious. Note that the upper tub 11 need not be rotated 180 each time but, owing to the equal spacing of the wedge tangs 15, lesser degrees of rotation are available in order, for instance, to accommodate a change in the direction of feed F and thus a change in the areas o~ greatest and least anvil wear.
Claims (16)
1. In a vertical shaft impact crusher including a stationary housing having an upright cylindrical wall with an axis and a removable lid closing the upper end of the housing, a plurality of individual anvils within the housing circumferentially disposed in a ring within and concentric with the housing wall, the anvils being retained in position in anvil retaining means carried by the housing wall and individually removable from the crusher after removal of the lid by upward movement of each anvil relative to the anvil retaining means, the improvement wherein the housing comprises upper and lower portions, the anvil retaining means being carried by the upper portion, the upper housing portion being attached to the lower housing portion by releasable means effective so that upon release of the releasable means and removal of the lid the upper housing portion together with the anvils can be lifted as a unit from the lower housing portion and inverted on the ground to facilitate removal of the anvils from the anvil retaining means.
2. The crusher of Claim 1 wherein the anvils are retained in the anvil retaining means at least in part by gravity.
3. In a vertical shaft impact crusher including a stationary housing having an upright cylindrical wall with an axis, a removable lid closing the upper end of the housing, and a plurality of individual anvils within the housing circumferentially disposed in a ring within the housing wall, the anvils being retained in position by means carried by the housing wall and individually removable from the crusher after removal of the lid without disassembly of the crusher housing, the improvement wherein the housing comprises upper and lower portions, the anvil retaining means being secured to the upper portion, the upper housing portion being attached to the lower housing portion by releasable means effective so that upon release of the releasable means the upper housing portion together with the anvils can be moved as a unit from an initial position on the lower housing portion to at least one other position thereon rotatably disposed with respect to the housing axis from said initial position.
4. The crusher of Claim 3 wherein after release of the releasable means the upper housing portion and the anvils can be moved to any one of a plurality of uniformly indexed other positions on the lower housing portion rotatably disposed with respect to the housing axis from said initial position.
5. In a vertical shaft impact crusher including a stationary housing having an upright cylindrical wall with an axis and a removable lid closing the upper end of the housing, a plurality of individual anvils within the housing circumferentially disposed in a ring within and concentric with the housing wall, the anvils being retained in position by means carried by the housing wall and individually removable from the retaining means after removal of the lid by upward movement relative thereto without need to disassemble the crusher housing, the improvement wherein the housing comprises upper and lower portions, the anvil retaining means being attached to the upper portion, the upper housing portion being secured to the lower housing portion by releasable means effective so that upon release of the releasable means the upper housing portion together with the anvils can be both lifted as a unit from an initial position on the lower housing portion and replaced back onto the lower housing portion in at least one other position thereon rotatably disposed with respect to the housing axis from said initial position.
6. The crusher of Claim 5 wherein after lifting of the upper housing portion and the anvils as aforesaid the same can be replaced back onto the lower housing portion in any one of a plurality of uniformly indexed other positions thereon rotatably disposed with respect to the housing axis from said initial position.
7. The crusher of Claim 5 wherein the anvils are retained in the anvil retaining means by gravity, whereby upon removal of the lid and inversion of the upper housing portion and the anvils on the ground after lifting of same as aforesaid the anvils may be individually removed from the anvil retaining means.
8. The crusher of Claim 7 wherein after removal of individual anvils and replacement of same following reinversion of the upper housing portion, the latter and the anvils may be replaced back onto the lower housing portion in any one of a plurality of uniformly indexed other positions thereon rotatably disposed with respect to the housing axis from said initial position.
9. A method of facilitating removal of the anvils from a vertical shaft impact crusher after a period of crushing operation, the crusher including a housing having an upright cylindrical wall and a removable lid closing the upper end of the housing, a plurality of anvils within the housing circumferentially disposed in a ring within the housing wall, the anvils being retained in position in anvil retaining means carried by an upper portion of the housing wall and removable from the retaining means by upward movement relative thereto, the upper housing portion being attached to the remainder of the housing by releasable means, the method comprising: disconnecting the upper housing portion from the remainder of the housing by releasing the releasable means; removing the lid; and lifting the upper housing portion together with the anvils as a unit from the lower housing portion and inverting the same on the ground.
10. The method of Claim 9 wherein the anvils are retained in the anvil retaining means at least in part by gravity so that upon inversion of the upper housing portion and the anvils on the ground after lifting of same as aforesaid the anvils may be individually removed from the anvil retaining means.
11. A method of distributing wear on the anvils of a vertical shaft impact crusher resulting from crushing of material, the crusher including a housing having an upright cylindrical wall with an axis and a plurality of anvils within the housing circumferentially disposed in a ring within the housing wall, the anvils being retained in position by means carried by an upper portion of the housing wall, the upper housing portion being attached to the remainder of the housing by releasable means, the method comprising: disconnecting the upper housing portion from the remainder of the housing by releasing the releasable means;
moving the upper housing portion together with the anvils as a unit relative to said housing remainder from an initial position on said housing remainder to at least one other position thereon rotatably disposed with respect to the housing axis from said initial position; and re-attaching the upper housing portion to said housing remainder by resecuring the releasable means.
moving the upper housing portion together with the anvils as a unit relative to said housing remainder from an initial position on said housing remainder to at least one other position thereon rotatably disposed with respect to the housing axis from said initial position; and re-attaching the upper housing portion to said housing remainder by resecuring the releasable means.
12. The method of Claim 11 wherein the method further includes, after release of the releasable means, moving the upper housing portion and the anvils to any one of a plurality of uniformly indexed other positions on said housing remainder rotatably disposed with respect to the housing axis from said initial position.
13. A method of distributing wear on the anvils of a vertical shaft impact crusher resulting from crushing of material, the crusher including a housing having an upright cylindrical wall with an axis and a removable lid closing the upper end of the housing, a plurality of anvils within the housing circumferentially disposed in a ring within and around the housing wall, the anvils being retained in position by means carried by an upper portion of the housing wall and removable from the retaining means by upward movement relative thereto, the upper housing portion being attached to the remainder of the housing by releasable means, the method comprising: disconnecting the upper housing portion from the remainder of the housing by releasing the releasable means; lifting the upper housing portion together with the anvils as a unit from an initial position on said housing remainder; replacing the upper housing portion back onto said housing remainder in another position thereon rotatably disposed with respect to the housing axis from said initial position; and re-attaching the upper housing portion to said housing remainder by re-securing the releasable means.
14. The method of Claim 13 wherein the method further includes, after lifting of the upper housing portion and the anvils as aforesaid, replacing the same back onto said housing remainder in any one of a plurality of uniformly indexed other positions the eon rotatably disposed with respect to the housing axis from said initial position.
15. The method of Claim 13 wherein the anvils are retained in the anvil retaining means by gravity, and wherein the method further includes removing the lid and inverting the upper housing portion and the anvils on the ground after release of the releasable means and lifting of the upper housing portion as aforesaid, whereby removal of individual anvils from the anvil retaining means is facilitated.
16. The method of Claim 15 wherein, after removal of individual anvils and replacement of same following reinversion of the upper housing portion, the method further includes replacing the upper housing portion onto said housing remainder in any one of a plurality of uniformly indexed other positions thereon rotatably disposed with respect to the housing axis from said initial position.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US62352084A | 1984-06-22 | 1984-06-22 | |
| US623,520 | 1984-06-22 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1237409A true CA1237409A (en) | 1988-05-31 |
Family
ID=24498400
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000481430A Expired CA1237409A (en) | 1984-06-22 | 1985-05-13 | Vertical shaft impact crusher with split tub |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1237409A (en) |
-
1985
- 1985-05-13 CA CA000481430A patent/CA1237409A/en not_active Expired
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