CA1236200A - Electronic lock and key system for hotels and the like - Google Patents
Electronic lock and key system for hotels and the likeInfo
- Publication number
- CA1236200A CA1236200A CA000474063A CA474063A CA1236200A CA 1236200 A CA1236200 A CA 1236200A CA 000474063 A CA000474063 A CA 000474063A CA 474063 A CA474063 A CA 474063A CA 1236200 A CA1236200 A CA 1236200A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- microcomputer
- key
- key member
- card
- code
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
- G07C9/20—Individual registration on entry or exit involving the use of a pass
- G07C9/21—Individual registration on entry or exit involving the use of a pass having a variable access code
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
- G07C9/00174—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys
- G07C9/00571—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated by interacting with a central unit
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
- G07C9/00174—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys
- G07C9/00658—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated by passive electrical keys
- G07C9/00722—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated by passive electrical keys with magnetic components, e.g. magnets, magnetic strips, metallic inserts
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
- G07C9/00174—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys
- G07C9/00896—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys specially adapted for particular uses
- G07C9/00904—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys specially adapted for particular uses for hotels, motels, office buildings or the like
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
- G07C9/20—Individual registration on entry or exit involving the use of a pass
- G07C9/27—Individual registration on entry or exit involving the use of a pass with central registration
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Lock And Its Accessories (AREA)
- Management, Administration, Business Operations System, And Electronic Commerce (AREA)
Abstract
ELECTRONIC LOCK AND KEY SYSTEM
FOR HOTELS AND THE LIKE
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
An electronic key and lock system is provided which is particularly suited for use in hotels and motels to control access to the rooms of the estab-lishment. The system includes a battery energized microcomputer controlled unit in each door which is capable of activating an electromechanical deadbolt mechanism when a magnetically encoded card bearing a selected code is inserted into a slot in that particular door, and which includes a non-contact proximity mag-netic sensor for the cards. The microcomputer controlled unit has five levels of response, namely, guests, maid, master, grand master and emergency. The microcomputer is programmed to respond to cards bearing a new code when a new guest inserts his card into the slot in the door, and of adjusting the unit to respond to the new code and to reject the previous card. The microcomputer is capable not only of reading a magnetically encoded card inserted into the corresponding slot and of re-leasing the deadbolt mechanism of the door when the card bears the proper code, but it is also capable of re-cording the time and identity of all hotel personnel gaining access to the room, and of responding to a particular guest card only for a particular time period, corresponding to the duration of the guest's intended occupancy of the room.
FOR HOTELS AND THE LIKE
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
An electronic key and lock system is provided which is particularly suited for use in hotels and motels to control access to the rooms of the estab-lishment. The system includes a battery energized microcomputer controlled unit in each door which is capable of activating an electromechanical deadbolt mechanism when a magnetically encoded card bearing a selected code is inserted into a slot in that particular door, and which includes a non-contact proximity mag-netic sensor for the cards. The microcomputer controlled unit has five levels of response, namely, guests, maid, master, grand master and emergency. The microcomputer is programmed to respond to cards bearing a new code when a new guest inserts his card into the slot in the door, and of adjusting the unit to respond to the new code and to reject the previous card. The microcomputer is capable not only of reading a magnetically encoded card inserted into the corresponding slot and of re-leasing the deadbolt mechanism of the door when the card bears the proper code, but it is also capable of re-cording the time and identity of all hotel personnel gaining access to the room, and of responding to a particular guest card only for a particular time period, corresponding to the duration of the guest's intended occupancy of the room.
Description
I
SPECIFICATION
ELECTRONIC LOCK END KEY SYSTEM
FOR HOTELS AND THE LIKE
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
_ _ ___, _ The advantages of electronic lock. systems over their mechanical counterparts are obvious in that the electronic lock systems offer greater protection in yuardlng against unauthorized entry, key duplication and lock picking. The prior art electronic lock systems, in general, include an electronic control circuit which.
responds to a coded card, or other coded key, to operate an electromechanical latch The cards in the prior art systems are usually coded optically magnetically, electrostatically, or capacitively.
united States Patent 3,~21,704 discloses an electronic lock system in which the electronic control circuit in each door can be readily changed to respond to new codes. This is an essential requirement in hotels, in order that each new guest may be issued a card bearing a new code which will be effective to open a particular door, and which will cause the card issued to the previous guest to be no longer effective in operating the door. A feature in the system de-scribed in the patent is that when the new guest inserts his card into the slot in the door of the room assigned to him, the insertion causes the unit in the door to be changed to respond to the new code encoded into the card of -the new guest, and to be no longer responsive to the code encoded into -the card issued to -the previous guest.
As mentioned in United States Patent 3,~21,704, a requirement in adapting electronic lock systems to hotels is the necessity that the lock must be responsive to a variety of coded cards. For example, a maid must be provided with a maid's card. For security reasons, however, it is generally desirable to provide the maid with a card which will open only the rooms to which the particular maid is assigned, and no others. super-visor may be issued a higher level master card which will open a larger number of rooms than the maid's card, corresponding to the number of rooms assigned to all maids, under the supervision of the supervisor Still higher level master cards may be issued to hotel personnel for opening all doors in a section of the hotel for maintenance purposes, or in case of fire, or other emergency. It will be seen, therefore, that the requirement of a number of levels of cards, and the recurrent need to change the individual door locks or groups of door locks to control theft, presents a sub-staunchly problem in adapting electronic lock systems to hotels.
In the electronic lock system described in the aforesaid patent each lock. is controlled by a decoding device which includes a recitable memory In its simplest form, the memory is preset Wyeth multi-hi-t combination. Each. time a card is used in the system described ion the patent, at least two numbers are entered into the system, a key number and an authorize-lion number. If the key number is found to match the combination previously stored in the particular decoding device, the lock of the corresponding door will be activated, If such a match is not made, a comparison is then made between the authorization number on the I card and an authorization number entered by the previous user. If the comparison is established the decoding device is reset to the new key number so -that the lock may be opened by the new card. Accordingly to change a lock combination in any particular decoding device in any particular door in the system described in the patent, all that is necessary is to encode a newly issued card with a new card number and with the last card authorization number. when, when the new card is inserted into the particular door the circuitry will respond to change the stored code to the new code, and to activate the electromechanical latch system to open the door In the system described in the patent, when a guest registers for a room he is given a card bearing at least two fields of encoded information. One field contains the new key number, and the second field con-twins the authorization number assigned to the last guest to use the room. Upon the first insertion of the card by the new guest, the lock is automatically no-keyed to the new combination encoded into the new card.
Thereafter, until the lock combination is again changed, the only card number that will open the particular door 2Q is that assigned to the present guest; and no prior guest cards will open the lock since the decoding circuit now contains a new code number, Because the lock combination is stored in a memory accessible only by a particular logic circuit, electronic door locks of the type described in the patent are not susceptible to being picked. Further, each lock may be rekeyed without toe intervention of anyone but the user Finally, there is no inter connection with a central controller from the individ~
vat electronic units in the individual doors, which saves a considerable amount of installation cost The electronic lock system ox the present invention is of the same general type as descried in I
United States Patent 3,821,704~ However, the electronic lock system of tune invention has additional features which include, inter alias the installation in each door of a battery energized microcomputer controlled electronic circuit, and which are constructed so that units of the present invention to be installed easily and expeditiously in existing hotel doors of the type having mortise locks or having locks located in the knobs lo Each of the units of the invention mounted in the individual doors responds to a programmable magnetically coded key card which serves to activate an electronic lock circuit if the code is proper, and also to up-date the code stored in the unit it the card has been issued to a new guest, Each unit, in accord ante with the concepts of the present invention, is also capable of identifying and recording the time of all entries into the room, and of limiting the number of days the card issued to any particular guest is effective, The key cards used in the electronic lock soys-them of -the invention are magnetically encoded, and they are reprogrammable and may be. used many tummies Data on each car is proximity sensed by a non-contact electromagnetic read head, when the key card is in-sorted into a slot in any one. ox the electronic lock.
door units, so that the read head does not contact the magnetic material in the card and the problems of am-buggies data transfer due. to dust, dirt, grease and the.
like, are eliminated, such problems being common to the prior art key card reading systems, whether magnetic strip, optical or capacitance encoding of the individual cards is used. In addition, the individual bits on the card used in the system of the invention are sufficiently loosely packed so that the informal lion may be written into the card and read from the card by manual movement of the card without any need for drive motors or the like..
For convenience, each unit may be constructed so that the key cards may be inserted into the slot with either face up. The card may also be programmed with a guest's identity and sent to the guest when a reserve-lion is made. Then, upon entering tile hotel, the guest need merely insert his card into a card reader to complete check-in and to receive his room assignment.
On Choctaw the guest merely inserts his card into the reader and his billing information is automatically recorded and he is provided with a printout A portable computer is provided which may be hand carried to any door and plugged into the electronic control unit in that door to read identification and time data stored in the unit, and also to reprogram 2Q the door unit if necessary, and to program -the unit.
door for an initial use.
Specifically, the present invention provides an electronic lock control system to be mounted in a door including: microcomputer means having first I binary counter means for storing binary data represent-live of a first predetermined multi-bit binary number and second binary counter means for storing binary data representative of a second predetermined multi-bit bin-cry number having a predetermined numeral relationship with said first predetermined multi~bitbinary number; a key member having multi-bit binary data stored -thereon corresponding to an entrance code; key reading means connected to said microcomputer means for reading the binary data stored on said key member and for intro-during inputs corresponding to such data into said microcomputer, the entrance code of said key member and the binary data stored on said first counter means for producing an access output, and said microcomputer responding to a match between the entrance code of said key member and the binary data stored in said second binary counter means for producing said access out-put; means connected -to said microcomputer and responsive to said access output to unlock the door; and said microcomputer respond in to a match between said entrance code stored on said key member and the binary data stored in said second binary counter lo for changing the count of said first and second binary counters by a predetermined amount.
According to another aspect, the invention provides an electronic lock control system to be mounted in a door including:
microcomputer means having first binary counter means for storing binary data representative of a first predetermined multi-bit binary number and second binary counter means for storing binary data representative of a second predetermined multi-bit binary number having a predetermined numeral relationship with said first predetermined multi-bit number; a key member having multi-bit binary data stored thereon corresponding to an entrance code key reading means connected to said microcomputer means for read-in the binary data stored on said key member and for introducing inputs corresponding to such data into said microcomputer, the entrance code of said key member and the binary data stored on said first counter means for producing an access output, and said microcomputer responding to a match between the entrance code I
-pa- 66239-1157 of said key member and the binary data stored in said second binary counter means for producing said access output; means connected to said microcomputer and responsive to said access output to unlock the door; and said microcomputer responding -to a match between said en-trance code stored on said key member and the binary data stored in said second binary counter for chanting the count of said first and second binary counters by a predator-mined amount.
The present invention also provides a key member for use with an electronic lock, or the like, comprising a magnetic card formed of selected magnetizable material, and having a con-figuration to be magnetized to represent a plurality of binary bits.
BRIEF DISCRETE N OF THE DRAWINGS
FIGURE 1 is a perspective representation of a door lock unit which incorporates the concept of the present invention;
FIGURE 2 shows a metallic card which when inserted into a slot in the door unit of FIGURE 1 serves to unlock the door, the card being magnetically coded with any selected code by an appropriate coder located, for example, at the hotel desk;
FIGURE 3 is a schematic representation of the various components incorporated in the door unit of FIGURE 1, including a circuit board.;
FIGURE 4 is a circuit diagram of the circuitry on -the circuit board of FIGURE 4; and ~23~
FIGURE 5 is a representation of a portable computer which is used to encode the card of FIGURE 2, and which may be used to read data stored in the individual door units, and to program the door units for original use DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF TIE ILLUSTRATED EMBODIMENT
The door unit of FIGURE 1 is designated 10, and it includes a slot 12 into which. a magnetically encoded card 16 is inserted in-to the slot When the I card bears the appropriate code, the door is unlocked, and may be opened by turning a handle 14. The card is formed, for example, of magnetizable material The card includes a first series of slots designated A, a second series of slots designated B, and a third series of slots designated C. The portions of the card be-tweet the individual slots are appropriately magnetized in accordance Wyeth binary code. The series A and represent data bits, whereas the series C represent clock bits. The clock. bit slots C may also be used with an optical reader for clocking purposes if so desired. For example, when the card is inserted into swept 102 of FIGURE 5, -the central row of slots may he read optically for clocking purposes, and when the card is withdrawn thy clock bits may be read magnetically.
The card may be encoded by a computer 100 (FIGURE 5) by inserting the card in a slot 102, and by operating the keyboard of the computer. Computer 100 may be a small inexpensive, portable computer, such as an EPSON HX-20. Tins computer is usually constructed 30. to encode a magnetic tape in a cassette The simple modification of replacing the cassette by card-receiving slot 102, enables the card to be encoded by the computer.
I
The programmable card 16 is advantageous over optically encoded cards in that it is easily encoded without any need for a hole punching machine, it is no-usable, and it is not susceptible to counterfeiting.
As shown in FIGURE 3, appropriate electronics are contained within the door unit 10 of FIGURE 1, including a circuit board 20, a board reader 22, a switch 24, an energizing battery 26, a solenoid 28, and a privacy septic 30, The card reader 22 includes three magnetic read heads AYE, 22B, 22C, When card 16 is inserted in slot 12, the card moves under the three read heads and is moved inwardly until it actuates switch 24~ Switch 24 activates the circuit, and the card is read as it is withdrawn from the slot. The three heads AYE, 22B and 22C of the card reader 22 sense the encoding between the various series of slots A, B and C on card 16~ The magnetic sensing by the card reader 22 is on a proximity basis, in that the read heads AYE, 22B and 22C do not actually contact the 20. magnetic card so that the problems of ambiguous data transfer due to dust, dirt, grease, and thy like, do not arise.
The battery 26 activates the circuitry on Syria cult board 20., and if the particular card 16 bears the proper code., solenoid 23 will be activated when the card is withdrawn from the slot, so that the door may be opened Privacy switch 30 may be actuated when a person is in the room, so that the circuitry on circuit board 20 will not respond to any card inserted into the slot, 3Q except the emergency card. Battery 26 may be a 2.9 or 3,4 volt lithium battery which has a life expectancy of years ~3~Z~
The circuit diagram of the door unit is shown in FIGURE I. As shown, the three read heads AYE, 22B
and 22C which make up the card reader 22 are respectively connected to comparators Al, A and A which may be contained in an integrated circuit of the type design noted LM339. The comparators Al, A and A are connected to pins PB0, Pal and Pal of a microcomputer MCKEE which may be of the type designated MC146805G2~ The compare-ions Al and A supply data bits to the microcomputer MCKEE, and the comparator A supplies clock bits, Battery 26 has its negative terminal connected to a negative lead designated B-, and its positive terminal connected to a positive lead designated I. The lead By is connected -to the emitter of a transistor Al, the collector of which. is connected to a lead designated . A pair of resistors Al and R2, each having a value of 5~1 kilo-ohms, are connected in series between the lead By and By These resistors are shunted my a .1 mlcrofarad capacitor Of. The junction of resistors Al and R2 is connected to the read heads AYE, 22B and 22C~ and to a group of 5.7 kilo-ohm resistors R3, I
and R5. The read heads are connected to the inverting inputs of the. respective comparators Al., A and Air and the resistors R3, R4 and R5 are connected -to the.
non-lnverting inputs of the comparators, A group of 1 megohms resistors R6, R7 and R8 connect the respective output terminals of the comparators to the correspond-in non-lnverting input terminals The lead By is connected to the comparators to excite the comparators, and is also connected through respective 100 kilo-ohm resistors R9, R10 and Roll to pins PB0, Pal and Pal of microcomputer MCKEE Pins PB2, PB3, PB4, PB5, Ps6 and PB7 of the microcomputer are grounded, The privacy switch 30 is connected to lock case ground, and to pin PA of the microcomputer MCKEE.
Lead s-, on the other hand, is connected to magnetic head ground.
The card switch 24 has its armature connected to pin PA of the microcomputer, and a normally open terminal connected to lead B-, and a normally closed terminal connected to a 5 micro farad capacitor C2 and through a 5~1 kilo-ohm resistor R14 to lead By Resistor R14 is also connected to pin Vcc of the microcomputer, and capacitor C2 its connected to lead B-.
Card switch 24 is actuated to one position when the card is fully inserted in the slot 12, and it is actuated to its second position when the card is withdrawn from the slot The microcomputer Mel produces the access output at PA a predetermined time aster the switch 24 has keen actuated to its fixate position by the full insertion of the card into the slot and then returned to its second position by the withdrawal of the card. The circuit is activated when the card is Pull inserted, and the card its read as it is withdrawn Pin PCQ of the microcomputer is connected -to the junction of a grounded capacitor C3 and resistor R15, the resistor being connected to thy positive terminal of voltage source 26. Pin PA is connected to a clock.
terminal Thor 100 coulomb resistor R16. Pin PA is connected to a data terminal Thor lQQ.kilo-ohm resistor R17. Lead B- is connected to a common ground terminal, as shown. Lead By, on the other hand, is 3 a connected through a diode Curl of the type designated IONIC, and through a fuse if to a power terminal.
The computer 100 is shown in FIGURE 5, may normally be kept at the desk of the hotel, or other facility, and is used to code the guest cards, as each.
I
guest checks into the hotel. This being achieved by in-sorting a blank card into a slot 102 and then creating an appropriate code on the card by operation of the keys of the computer.
Computer lQ0 may be carried to the individual doors, and then connected to the terminals described above to read identification and time date stored in the unit; and also to supply power, clock signals, data and a ground connection to the circuitry of FIGURE 4 for originally programming the microcomputer MCKEE, or for reprogramming the microcomputer in the event of a synchronization failure, or for opening the door in the event of battery failure.
A pin designated "OSC out" is connected to a 470 kilo-ohm resistor R20 and to a 22 megohms resistor R22, resistor R20 being connected to a grounded 22 picofarad capacitor C6 ! and resistor R22 being con-netted to a pin designated "OSC in'` of microcomputer MCKEE and to a 70. picofarad grounded capacitor C7, 32~768 KHz crystal Al is connected between the common junctions of resistor ~22, capacitor C7 and resistor R20, capacitor C6~
Pin Pal of microcomputer MClQ is connected to a 10 kilo-ohm resistor R2~, and pin PA is connected to a 1 kilo-ohm resistor R26. These resistors are. connected through respective 5.1 kilo-ohm resistors R28 and R30 to lead B+.
The common junction of resistors R24 and R28 is connected to the base of a PUP transistor Q2, and the common junction of resistors R30 and R26 is connected to the base of a PUP driver transistor Q3. The emitters of the transistors Q2 and Q3 are connected to the lead B+. The collector of transistor Q2 is connected through a 100 ohm resistor R36 to TED CRY, which is also con-netted to lead B-. The collector of transistor Q3, on the other hand, is connected to the lock solenoid S10 which may, or example, be composed of 300 turns of No. 39 wire, and to diode CRY which is connected to lead B-. The other side of the lock solenoid S10 is connected to the lock casing The junction of fuse if and diode Curl is con-netted to a 10 kilo-ohm resistor R50 which., in turn, is connected to a diode Clue the diode being connected to lead By, The lead By is connected through a diode CRY
to pin PA of the microcomputer and through diode CRY to the B- lead. Lead B+ is also connected through a diode CRY f and Thor further diode Cola to the s- lead, the junction of the latter diodes being con netted to pin PA of the microcomputer, The diodes CRY, CRY, CRY and CRY. may ye of the. type designated lN4148.
Diode CRY is shunted by a 4,7 megohms resistor R6Ø
The junction of resistors Al and R2 is connected 20. through a 1 megohms resistor R62 to the non-inverting input of a comparator A which may also be included in the integrated circuit containing comparators Al, A and A. The output terminal of the comparator A is con-netted to pin PA of microcomputer MCKEE, and through a 100 kilo-ohm resistor R64 to the junction of resistor R14 and capacitor C2. Resistor R64 is also connected back through. a 4,7 megohms resistor R66 to the inverting input of comparator A, and to a 2.2 megohms resistor 68 which is connected to the B- lead, Resistor R64 is also connected through a 10.0 kilo-ohm resistor R80 to the junction of resistor R50 and diode CRY
The pin PA of the microcomputer is connected through a 10. coulomb resistor R82 to the base of transistor Al ! and through a 5.1 kilo-ohm resistor R84 to the lead B+.
I
The transistor Al is normally non-conductive, so that there is no significant drain on the battery 26 when the circuit of FIGURE 4 is not in use. When the card 16 of FIGURE 2 is inserted into slot 12 of FIGURE 1, the card switch 24 closes, and this causes the microcomputer MCKEE to render the -transistor Al con-ductile, thereby energizing the system. The transistor Al remains conductive while the card is being withdrawn from the slot, and until all the bits on the card have been read, after which. the transistor Al again becomes nonconductive.
So long as the circuit is activated, the tray-sister Q2 is intermittently energized and causes the LED CRY to flash. The flashing continues, for example, for 5 seconds. If the proper code is on the card, the pin PA of the microcomputer causes the driver tray-sister Q3 to become conductive, thereby energizing solenoid S10 to unlock the door, The door must then be opened during the 5 seconds while the LED CRY is 20. flashing At the end of 5 seconds, the transistor Q3 is again rendered non-conductive,de~energizing -the solenoid.
When the privacy swish is closed, lead By is grounded, and the circuit is ineffective to unlock the door, even if a properly coded card is inserted into slot 12 of FIGURE 1..
As described in conjunction with. FIGURE 2, the rows A and of the magnetic card 16 represent the data bits, and the center row C represents the clock bits.
I Accordingly, of the total bits which represent the data code, a certain number are used for the entry code, and the remaining bits are used fur an identification code..
I
The microcomputer MClO responds to the entry code on the card to make a comparison with the code stored in its memory, and if a comparison is achieved, causes the transistor Q3 to be rendered conductive so as to energize the door unlocking solenoid Slow The microcomputer also responds to the identification code bits to store in its memory, identification data in-eluding information relating to the time of each entry and whether the key used was a service key, a maid's lo key, or a guests key Specifically! the microcomputer 10 stores five levels of key codes in a constructed embodiment of the invention. The first level responds to the insertion of a guest card in slot 12 of FIGURE l; the second level responds to the insertion of a maid's card in the slot;
the third level responds to the insertion of a master card in the slot of FIGURE it a fourth level which responds -to the insertion of a grand master card in the slot; and a fifth level responds to the insertion of an I emergency card into -the slot. The microcomputer MCKEE
also stores a sixth level of key code which corresponds to an access code for the computer 1~0 of FIGURE 5 when the computer is carried to the door and plugged into the circuit of FIGURE 4.
With respect to the guest level, each new guest is issued a card, and his card will activate but a single door. With respect to the maid level, each maid is issued a card, and her card will activate a predetermined number of doors when the privacy switch has not been activated The master level cards will for employ activate all the doors to permit servicing unless the privacy switch has been activated; whereas the emergency level cards will activate the doors even though. the I
privacy switch 30 has been activated, in order to gain access to the room under all conditions.
The use of magnetic armature cards means that the cards may be reprogrammed and used many times, which reduces card cost, as compared with the single use card.
The data on the card is proximity sensed as mentioned above, eliminating the need for the reader heads to touch the card which., as mentioned, eliminates the problems of ambiguous data transfer due to dust, dirt, grease, and the other environmental problems common to electronic readers, whether magnetic strip optical or capacitance, As will be described when a new guest is issued a card for a particular room, the code on his card is stepped by one or two on the binary scale, as compared with the previous card Then, when the new guest inserts his card into the slot, -the door unit responds to his card to unlock the door, and at the same time sets a register in the microcomputer 10 so that the system will no longer respond to the preceding card. Even though the change of code from one card to the next in the constructed embodiment of the system is "1" or "2" on the binary scale, unauthorized entry can still be prevented by providing no indication on the card as to the position of -the most significant bit or of the other bits of lesser significance As mentioned above, the microcomputer 10 will read the card and record the time and identity of each person entering the room, for example, for the last fourteen entries. Specifically, the microcomputer will indicate whether the person entering the room was a guest, a maid, service personnel or emergency personnel In the case of hotel personnel, each is identified, be-cause of identification data recorded on their cards.
I By being able to read the card and record the last ~3~2~)~
fourteen entries, the list of suspects of any burglary, or the like, is narrowed, which acts as a significant deterrent to prevent burglary by hotel employees. As mentioned above, the identification and time data is read from each unit by the computer of FIGURE 5, The fact that the code change on the successive cards is in accordance with a predetermined binary count, obviates any need for any communication between the card coding mechanism at the main desk of the hotel and the various door units. Whenever a new card is to be issued to a guest, for example, it is merely necessary to insert a blank. card into slot lQ2 of computer 100 (FIGURE 5) at the main desk, and to encode the card with the current binary code corresponding to a particular room, increased by one or more. on a binary scale, and there is no need to synchronize with a random coding sequence, or pseudo-random coding sequence, at the door unit as is the case, for example, in the. system I, US
of Patent 3,800,284~
When the new card is inserted into slot 12 of FIGURE 1, -the door unit will read the new code on the card and change -the current code by one or more on the binary scale so that the old card will no longer be accepted Provision may be made for the situation ion which a card is issued for a particular room which is not used, so that the unit in the door does not have the opportunity of updating the current code,. This is achieved by causing the system in the door to accept the current code, the current code plus 1 binary unit, and 30. the current code plus 2 binary units. Therefore, even though the current code has not been up-dated by the previously issued card, it will still accept the new card.
it As mentioned above, computer 100 of FIGURE 5 is preferably small and portable so that is can be carried to the individual doors when the occasion arises and plugged into the individual door units, The microcomputer unit MCKEE in each door unit has a small memory which stores data as to the identities and times of the last fourteen entries into the room, The computer can be plugged into the door unit to read out this information. lo as mentioned above, the. computer can be used to program or reprogram the door unit Lithium batteries do not gradually lose petunia-trial when they begin to fail Instead, the potential immediately drops to zero.. For that reason, a battery indicator circuit is included in the system of FIGURE 3.
This circuit includes capacitor C2 Wheaties charged through resistor R14 by the battery 26~ The resulting voltage across the capacitor powers the microcomputer MCKEE, The internal resistance ox the battery 26 in 2Q creases as it begins to fail Therefore its voltage will drop when failure is imminent during the -time it is loaded ho solenoid Slick Comparator A is used to look at the voltage of battery 26 when it is loaded by solenoid Sly, If that voltage drops below a certain threshold ! the. code register in the memory of the microcomputer MCKEE. is set to zero and the door unit will not accept any code.
Then, when computer 100 is plugged into the system, it can open the door.
Microcomputer MCKEE includes an internal register, and whenever a Cody is inserted into slot 12 of FIGURE 1, the entrance code on the card is entered into the resister, The microcomputer also includes a first I
internal counter which is set to the proper entrance code of the door When a guest inserts his card into slot 12 of FIGURE 1, and when the entrance code on his card matches the code in the counter, pin PA goes low and solenoid S10 is energized and the door may be opened.
In order to preserve power r the solenoid is first energized by a 50. millisecond DO pulse -to cause it to latch; thereafter a 1 KHz square wave with a 50%
duty cycle appears at pin PA for five seconds to hold the solenoid latched The solenoid obviously draws less current from battery 26 during the square wave as compared with the duration of the initial DO pulse.
Microcomputer MClQ also includes a second internal counter Wheaties set, for example to one binary count greater or less than the first interval counter, or to any predetermined number of counts greater or less than the first counter. If the next guest inserts his card into slot 12, and if the entrance code on his card 2Q matches any count inclusive between -the first and second counters, solenoid S10 is energized and the door may be opened, The two counters are then stepped so -that -the count on the firs-t counter matches the entrance code on the new guest card, and so that the count of the second counter is greater or less than the new count of the first counter by the predetermined number of counts.
When the predetermined number of counts between the two counters is greater than one, and when the system is such that the solenoid S10 Jill be energized when the entrance code on the new card matches any count inclusive between the first and second counters, a new guest may still gain access to the room, even if the previous guest for some reason or another did not use the room, ~236~:~0 Each guest card has a second code encoded on his card representing the duration of his authorized occupancy Jo of the room. As he inserts his card into slot It, I: another counter is set in accordance with the duration code, This latter counter is then counted down to zero by the internal clock of the computer. When the counter reaches zero, it increments or decrements the previously described counters my the predetermined amount and the : present card is no longer effective Computer MCKEE. also includes an internal maid's : entrance register Wheaties set to a particular code.
When a maid's card is inserted into slot 12 having a code matching the particular code:, solenoid S10 is energized and the door may be opened. Each maid's card also has an identity code which identifies the holder This code is stored in the computer's memory, together with the time of access The microcomputer cluck, how-ever/ will not respond to the Midas card if the privacy swish is closed :
A similar internal register and identity storage is provided within the computer for the master cards, : and for the emergency keyword As noted above the emergencycard will operate the. solenoid S10.~ even though the ; privacy switch 30 is closed.
25. The identities stored in the memory of computer MCKEE, and times of access, canoe read by plugging computer 100 of FIGURE 5 into the circuit of FIGURE I.
The microcomputer MCKEE includes a clock genera-.
ion controlled by crystal Al, and counting circuitry for : 30 indicating real time, so that the time of the various entries can also be stored in its memory The unit in the door records every entry into the room on an elapsed time basis, When the. computer lo its plugged .~, into the circuit of FIGURE 4, the computer responds to the elapsed time readings of the door unit to provide a read-out of the real time of each entry, The invention provides, therefore, an electronic lock system in which each door has its own self-contained microcomputer controlled unit which is not wired to a central computer, and which is battery operated by a self-contained battery, The unit is small and light, and it may be readily removed from the door and replaced as a single unit, should the need arise, The system of the invention is conceived so that the individual guest cards can be programmed to expire after a selected time interval. also, non-use of any issued guest card will not affect the operation of the system. In addition, the individual door units keep a record of the identities of all hotel personnel entering the corresponding room, and the times of each access.
The desk computer electronically codes each guest card as it is issued, and i-t eliminates mechanical card punches. The card itself is a simple, programmable metal card which is magnetically encoded and which is read on a proximity basis with no moving parts in -the reader The card can be reprogrammed and reused countless times.
The desk computer is small and light and readily portable It can be carried to any particular door and plugged into the door unit, as described above, to read information stored in the door unit, and to start up the door unit.
It will be appreciated that while a particular 30- embodiment of the invention has been shown and described, modifications may be made, It is intended in the claims to cover all modifications that come within the true spirit and scope of the invention
SPECIFICATION
ELECTRONIC LOCK END KEY SYSTEM
FOR HOTELS AND THE LIKE
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
_ _ ___, _ The advantages of electronic lock. systems over their mechanical counterparts are obvious in that the electronic lock systems offer greater protection in yuardlng against unauthorized entry, key duplication and lock picking. The prior art electronic lock systems, in general, include an electronic control circuit which.
responds to a coded card, or other coded key, to operate an electromechanical latch The cards in the prior art systems are usually coded optically magnetically, electrostatically, or capacitively.
united States Patent 3,~21,704 discloses an electronic lock system in which the electronic control circuit in each door can be readily changed to respond to new codes. This is an essential requirement in hotels, in order that each new guest may be issued a card bearing a new code which will be effective to open a particular door, and which will cause the card issued to the previous guest to be no longer effective in operating the door. A feature in the system de-scribed in the patent is that when the new guest inserts his card into the slot in the door of the room assigned to him, the insertion causes the unit in the door to be changed to respond to the new code encoded into the card of -the new guest, and to be no longer responsive to the code encoded into -the card issued to -the previous guest.
As mentioned in United States Patent 3,~21,704, a requirement in adapting electronic lock systems to hotels is the necessity that the lock must be responsive to a variety of coded cards. For example, a maid must be provided with a maid's card. For security reasons, however, it is generally desirable to provide the maid with a card which will open only the rooms to which the particular maid is assigned, and no others. super-visor may be issued a higher level master card which will open a larger number of rooms than the maid's card, corresponding to the number of rooms assigned to all maids, under the supervision of the supervisor Still higher level master cards may be issued to hotel personnel for opening all doors in a section of the hotel for maintenance purposes, or in case of fire, or other emergency. It will be seen, therefore, that the requirement of a number of levels of cards, and the recurrent need to change the individual door locks or groups of door locks to control theft, presents a sub-staunchly problem in adapting electronic lock systems to hotels.
In the electronic lock system described in the aforesaid patent each lock. is controlled by a decoding device which includes a recitable memory In its simplest form, the memory is preset Wyeth multi-hi-t combination. Each. time a card is used in the system described ion the patent, at least two numbers are entered into the system, a key number and an authorize-lion number. If the key number is found to match the combination previously stored in the particular decoding device, the lock of the corresponding door will be activated, If such a match is not made, a comparison is then made between the authorization number on the I card and an authorization number entered by the previous user. If the comparison is established the decoding device is reset to the new key number so -that the lock may be opened by the new card. Accordingly to change a lock combination in any particular decoding device in any particular door in the system described in the patent, all that is necessary is to encode a newly issued card with a new card number and with the last card authorization number. when, when the new card is inserted into the particular door the circuitry will respond to change the stored code to the new code, and to activate the electromechanical latch system to open the door In the system described in the patent, when a guest registers for a room he is given a card bearing at least two fields of encoded information. One field contains the new key number, and the second field con-twins the authorization number assigned to the last guest to use the room. Upon the first insertion of the card by the new guest, the lock is automatically no-keyed to the new combination encoded into the new card.
Thereafter, until the lock combination is again changed, the only card number that will open the particular door 2Q is that assigned to the present guest; and no prior guest cards will open the lock since the decoding circuit now contains a new code number, Because the lock combination is stored in a memory accessible only by a particular logic circuit, electronic door locks of the type described in the patent are not susceptible to being picked. Further, each lock may be rekeyed without toe intervention of anyone but the user Finally, there is no inter connection with a central controller from the individ~
vat electronic units in the individual doors, which saves a considerable amount of installation cost The electronic lock system ox the present invention is of the same general type as descried in I
United States Patent 3,821,704~ However, the electronic lock system of tune invention has additional features which include, inter alias the installation in each door of a battery energized microcomputer controlled electronic circuit, and which are constructed so that units of the present invention to be installed easily and expeditiously in existing hotel doors of the type having mortise locks or having locks located in the knobs lo Each of the units of the invention mounted in the individual doors responds to a programmable magnetically coded key card which serves to activate an electronic lock circuit if the code is proper, and also to up-date the code stored in the unit it the card has been issued to a new guest, Each unit, in accord ante with the concepts of the present invention, is also capable of identifying and recording the time of all entries into the room, and of limiting the number of days the card issued to any particular guest is effective, The key cards used in the electronic lock soys-them of -the invention are magnetically encoded, and they are reprogrammable and may be. used many tummies Data on each car is proximity sensed by a non-contact electromagnetic read head, when the key card is in-sorted into a slot in any one. ox the electronic lock.
door units, so that the read head does not contact the magnetic material in the card and the problems of am-buggies data transfer due. to dust, dirt, grease and the.
like, are eliminated, such problems being common to the prior art key card reading systems, whether magnetic strip, optical or capacitance encoding of the individual cards is used. In addition, the individual bits on the card used in the system of the invention are sufficiently loosely packed so that the informal lion may be written into the card and read from the card by manual movement of the card without any need for drive motors or the like..
For convenience, each unit may be constructed so that the key cards may be inserted into the slot with either face up. The card may also be programmed with a guest's identity and sent to the guest when a reserve-lion is made. Then, upon entering tile hotel, the guest need merely insert his card into a card reader to complete check-in and to receive his room assignment.
On Choctaw the guest merely inserts his card into the reader and his billing information is automatically recorded and he is provided with a printout A portable computer is provided which may be hand carried to any door and plugged into the electronic control unit in that door to read identification and time data stored in the unit, and also to reprogram 2Q the door unit if necessary, and to program -the unit.
door for an initial use.
Specifically, the present invention provides an electronic lock control system to be mounted in a door including: microcomputer means having first I binary counter means for storing binary data represent-live of a first predetermined multi-bit binary number and second binary counter means for storing binary data representative of a second predetermined multi-bit bin-cry number having a predetermined numeral relationship with said first predetermined multi~bitbinary number; a key member having multi-bit binary data stored -thereon corresponding to an entrance code; key reading means connected to said microcomputer means for reading the binary data stored on said key member and for intro-during inputs corresponding to such data into said microcomputer, the entrance code of said key member and the binary data stored on said first counter means for producing an access output, and said microcomputer responding to a match between the entrance code of said key member and the binary data stored in said second binary counter means for producing said access out-put; means connected -to said microcomputer and responsive to said access output to unlock the door; and said microcomputer respond in to a match between said entrance code stored on said key member and the binary data stored in said second binary counter lo for changing the count of said first and second binary counters by a predetermined amount.
According to another aspect, the invention provides an electronic lock control system to be mounted in a door including:
microcomputer means having first binary counter means for storing binary data representative of a first predetermined multi-bit binary number and second binary counter means for storing binary data representative of a second predetermined multi-bit binary number having a predetermined numeral relationship with said first predetermined multi-bit number; a key member having multi-bit binary data stored thereon corresponding to an entrance code key reading means connected to said microcomputer means for read-in the binary data stored on said key member and for introducing inputs corresponding to such data into said microcomputer, the entrance code of said key member and the binary data stored on said first counter means for producing an access output, and said microcomputer responding to a match between the entrance code I
-pa- 66239-1157 of said key member and the binary data stored in said second binary counter means for producing said access output; means connected to said microcomputer and responsive to said access output to unlock the door; and said microcomputer responding -to a match between said en-trance code stored on said key member and the binary data stored in said second binary counter for chanting the count of said first and second binary counters by a predator-mined amount.
The present invention also provides a key member for use with an electronic lock, or the like, comprising a magnetic card formed of selected magnetizable material, and having a con-figuration to be magnetized to represent a plurality of binary bits.
BRIEF DISCRETE N OF THE DRAWINGS
FIGURE 1 is a perspective representation of a door lock unit which incorporates the concept of the present invention;
FIGURE 2 shows a metallic card which when inserted into a slot in the door unit of FIGURE 1 serves to unlock the door, the card being magnetically coded with any selected code by an appropriate coder located, for example, at the hotel desk;
FIGURE 3 is a schematic representation of the various components incorporated in the door unit of FIGURE 1, including a circuit board.;
FIGURE 4 is a circuit diagram of the circuitry on -the circuit board of FIGURE 4; and ~23~
FIGURE 5 is a representation of a portable computer which is used to encode the card of FIGURE 2, and which may be used to read data stored in the individual door units, and to program the door units for original use DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF TIE ILLUSTRATED EMBODIMENT
The door unit of FIGURE 1 is designated 10, and it includes a slot 12 into which. a magnetically encoded card 16 is inserted in-to the slot When the I card bears the appropriate code, the door is unlocked, and may be opened by turning a handle 14. The card is formed, for example, of magnetizable material The card includes a first series of slots designated A, a second series of slots designated B, and a third series of slots designated C. The portions of the card be-tweet the individual slots are appropriately magnetized in accordance Wyeth binary code. The series A and represent data bits, whereas the series C represent clock bits. The clock. bit slots C may also be used with an optical reader for clocking purposes if so desired. For example, when the card is inserted into swept 102 of FIGURE 5, -the central row of slots may he read optically for clocking purposes, and when the card is withdrawn thy clock bits may be read magnetically.
The card may be encoded by a computer 100 (FIGURE 5) by inserting the card in a slot 102, and by operating the keyboard of the computer. Computer 100 may be a small inexpensive, portable computer, such as an EPSON HX-20. Tins computer is usually constructed 30. to encode a magnetic tape in a cassette The simple modification of replacing the cassette by card-receiving slot 102, enables the card to be encoded by the computer.
I
The programmable card 16 is advantageous over optically encoded cards in that it is easily encoded without any need for a hole punching machine, it is no-usable, and it is not susceptible to counterfeiting.
As shown in FIGURE 3, appropriate electronics are contained within the door unit 10 of FIGURE 1, including a circuit board 20, a board reader 22, a switch 24, an energizing battery 26, a solenoid 28, and a privacy septic 30, The card reader 22 includes three magnetic read heads AYE, 22B, 22C, When card 16 is inserted in slot 12, the card moves under the three read heads and is moved inwardly until it actuates switch 24~ Switch 24 activates the circuit, and the card is read as it is withdrawn from the slot. The three heads AYE, 22B and 22C of the card reader 22 sense the encoding between the various series of slots A, B and C on card 16~ The magnetic sensing by the card reader 22 is on a proximity basis, in that the read heads AYE, 22B and 22C do not actually contact the 20. magnetic card so that the problems of ambiguous data transfer due to dust, dirt, grease, and thy like, do not arise.
The battery 26 activates the circuitry on Syria cult board 20., and if the particular card 16 bears the proper code., solenoid 23 will be activated when the card is withdrawn from the slot, so that the door may be opened Privacy switch 30 may be actuated when a person is in the room, so that the circuitry on circuit board 20 will not respond to any card inserted into the slot, 3Q except the emergency card. Battery 26 may be a 2.9 or 3,4 volt lithium battery which has a life expectancy of years ~3~Z~
The circuit diagram of the door unit is shown in FIGURE I. As shown, the three read heads AYE, 22B
and 22C which make up the card reader 22 are respectively connected to comparators Al, A and A which may be contained in an integrated circuit of the type design noted LM339. The comparators Al, A and A are connected to pins PB0, Pal and Pal of a microcomputer MCKEE which may be of the type designated MC146805G2~ The compare-ions Al and A supply data bits to the microcomputer MCKEE, and the comparator A supplies clock bits, Battery 26 has its negative terminal connected to a negative lead designated B-, and its positive terminal connected to a positive lead designated I. The lead By is connected -to the emitter of a transistor Al, the collector of which. is connected to a lead designated . A pair of resistors Al and R2, each having a value of 5~1 kilo-ohms, are connected in series between the lead By and By These resistors are shunted my a .1 mlcrofarad capacitor Of. The junction of resistors Al and R2 is connected to the read heads AYE, 22B and 22C~ and to a group of 5.7 kilo-ohm resistors R3, I
and R5. The read heads are connected to the inverting inputs of the. respective comparators Al., A and Air and the resistors R3, R4 and R5 are connected -to the.
non-lnverting inputs of the comparators, A group of 1 megohms resistors R6, R7 and R8 connect the respective output terminals of the comparators to the correspond-in non-lnverting input terminals The lead By is connected to the comparators to excite the comparators, and is also connected through respective 100 kilo-ohm resistors R9, R10 and Roll to pins PB0, Pal and Pal of microcomputer MCKEE Pins PB2, PB3, PB4, PB5, Ps6 and PB7 of the microcomputer are grounded, The privacy switch 30 is connected to lock case ground, and to pin PA of the microcomputer MCKEE.
Lead s-, on the other hand, is connected to magnetic head ground.
The card switch 24 has its armature connected to pin PA of the microcomputer, and a normally open terminal connected to lead B-, and a normally closed terminal connected to a 5 micro farad capacitor C2 and through a 5~1 kilo-ohm resistor R14 to lead By Resistor R14 is also connected to pin Vcc of the microcomputer, and capacitor C2 its connected to lead B-.
Card switch 24 is actuated to one position when the card is fully inserted in the slot 12, and it is actuated to its second position when the card is withdrawn from the slot The microcomputer Mel produces the access output at PA a predetermined time aster the switch 24 has keen actuated to its fixate position by the full insertion of the card into the slot and then returned to its second position by the withdrawal of the card. The circuit is activated when the card is Pull inserted, and the card its read as it is withdrawn Pin PCQ of the microcomputer is connected -to the junction of a grounded capacitor C3 and resistor R15, the resistor being connected to thy positive terminal of voltage source 26. Pin PA is connected to a clock.
terminal Thor 100 coulomb resistor R16. Pin PA is connected to a data terminal Thor lQQ.kilo-ohm resistor R17. Lead B- is connected to a common ground terminal, as shown. Lead By, on the other hand, is 3 a connected through a diode Curl of the type designated IONIC, and through a fuse if to a power terminal.
The computer 100 is shown in FIGURE 5, may normally be kept at the desk of the hotel, or other facility, and is used to code the guest cards, as each.
I
guest checks into the hotel. This being achieved by in-sorting a blank card into a slot 102 and then creating an appropriate code on the card by operation of the keys of the computer.
Computer lQ0 may be carried to the individual doors, and then connected to the terminals described above to read identification and time date stored in the unit; and also to supply power, clock signals, data and a ground connection to the circuitry of FIGURE 4 for originally programming the microcomputer MCKEE, or for reprogramming the microcomputer in the event of a synchronization failure, or for opening the door in the event of battery failure.
A pin designated "OSC out" is connected to a 470 kilo-ohm resistor R20 and to a 22 megohms resistor R22, resistor R20 being connected to a grounded 22 picofarad capacitor C6 ! and resistor R22 being con-netted to a pin designated "OSC in'` of microcomputer MCKEE and to a 70. picofarad grounded capacitor C7, 32~768 KHz crystal Al is connected between the common junctions of resistor ~22, capacitor C7 and resistor R20, capacitor C6~
Pin Pal of microcomputer MClQ is connected to a 10 kilo-ohm resistor R2~, and pin PA is connected to a 1 kilo-ohm resistor R26. These resistors are. connected through respective 5.1 kilo-ohm resistors R28 and R30 to lead B+.
The common junction of resistors R24 and R28 is connected to the base of a PUP transistor Q2, and the common junction of resistors R30 and R26 is connected to the base of a PUP driver transistor Q3. The emitters of the transistors Q2 and Q3 are connected to the lead B+. The collector of transistor Q2 is connected through a 100 ohm resistor R36 to TED CRY, which is also con-netted to lead B-. The collector of transistor Q3, on the other hand, is connected to the lock solenoid S10 which may, or example, be composed of 300 turns of No. 39 wire, and to diode CRY which is connected to lead B-. The other side of the lock solenoid S10 is connected to the lock casing The junction of fuse if and diode Curl is con-netted to a 10 kilo-ohm resistor R50 which., in turn, is connected to a diode Clue the diode being connected to lead By, The lead By is connected through a diode CRY
to pin PA of the microcomputer and through diode CRY to the B- lead. Lead B+ is also connected through a diode CRY f and Thor further diode Cola to the s- lead, the junction of the latter diodes being con netted to pin PA of the microcomputer, The diodes CRY, CRY, CRY and CRY. may ye of the. type designated lN4148.
Diode CRY is shunted by a 4,7 megohms resistor R6Ø
The junction of resistors Al and R2 is connected 20. through a 1 megohms resistor R62 to the non-inverting input of a comparator A which may also be included in the integrated circuit containing comparators Al, A and A. The output terminal of the comparator A is con-netted to pin PA of microcomputer MCKEE, and through a 100 kilo-ohm resistor R64 to the junction of resistor R14 and capacitor C2. Resistor R64 is also connected back through. a 4,7 megohms resistor R66 to the inverting input of comparator A, and to a 2.2 megohms resistor 68 which is connected to the B- lead, Resistor R64 is also connected through a 10.0 kilo-ohm resistor R80 to the junction of resistor R50 and diode CRY
The pin PA of the microcomputer is connected through a 10. coulomb resistor R82 to the base of transistor Al ! and through a 5.1 kilo-ohm resistor R84 to the lead B+.
I
The transistor Al is normally non-conductive, so that there is no significant drain on the battery 26 when the circuit of FIGURE 4 is not in use. When the card 16 of FIGURE 2 is inserted into slot 12 of FIGURE 1, the card switch 24 closes, and this causes the microcomputer MCKEE to render the -transistor Al con-ductile, thereby energizing the system. The transistor Al remains conductive while the card is being withdrawn from the slot, and until all the bits on the card have been read, after which. the transistor Al again becomes nonconductive.
So long as the circuit is activated, the tray-sister Q2 is intermittently energized and causes the LED CRY to flash. The flashing continues, for example, for 5 seconds. If the proper code is on the card, the pin PA of the microcomputer causes the driver tray-sister Q3 to become conductive, thereby energizing solenoid S10 to unlock the door, The door must then be opened during the 5 seconds while the LED CRY is 20. flashing At the end of 5 seconds, the transistor Q3 is again rendered non-conductive,de~energizing -the solenoid.
When the privacy swish is closed, lead By is grounded, and the circuit is ineffective to unlock the door, even if a properly coded card is inserted into slot 12 of FIGURE 1..
As described in conjunction with. FIGURE 2, the rows A and of the magnetic card 16 represent the data bits, and the center row C represents the clock bits.
I Accordingly, of the total bits which represent the data code, a certain number are used for the entry code, and the remaining bits are used fur an identification code..
I
The microcomputer MClO responds to the entry code on the card to make a comparison with the code stored in its memory, and if a comparison is achieved, causes the transistor Q3 to be rendered conductive so as to energize the door unlocking solenoid Slow The microcomputer also responds to the identification code bits to store in its memory, identification data in-eluding information relating to the time of each entry and whether the key used was a service key, a maid's lo key, or a guests key Specifically! the microcomputer 10 stores five levels of key codes in a constructed embodiment of the invention. The first level responds to the insertion of a guest card in slot 12 of FIGURE l; the second level responds to the insertion of a maid's card in the slot;
the third level responds to the insertion of a master card in the slot of FIGURE it a fourth level which responds -to the insertion of a grand master card in the slot; and a fifth level responds to the insertion of an I emergency card into -the slot. The microcomputer MCKEE
also stores a sixth level of key code which corresponds to an access code for the computer 1~0 of FIGURE 5 when the computer is carried to the door and plugged into the circuit of FIGURE 4.
With respect to the guest level, each new guest is issued a card, and his card will activate but a single door. With respect to the maid level, each maid is issued a card, and her card will activate a predetermined number of doors when the privacy switch has not been activated The master level cards will for employ activate all the doors to permit servicing unless the privacy switch has been activated; whereas the emergency level cards will activate the doors even though. the I
privacy switch 30 has been activated, in order to gain access to the room under all conditions.
The use of magnetic armature cards means that the cards may be reprogrammed and used many times, which reduces card cost, as compared with the single use card.
The data on the card is proximity sensed as mentioned above, eliminating the need for the reader heads to touch the card which., as mentioned, eliminates the problems of ambiguous data transfer due to dust, dirt, grease, and the other environmental problems common to electronic readers, whether magnetic strip optical or capacitance, As will be described when a new guest is issued a card for a particular room, the code on his card is stepped by one or two on the binary scale, as compared with the previous card Then, when the new guest inserts his card into the slot, -the door unit responds to his card to unlock the door, and at the same time sets a register in the microcomputer 10 so that the system will no longer respond to the preceding card. Even though the change of code from one card to the next in the constructed embodiment of the system is "1" or "2" on the binary scale, unauthorized entry can still be prevented by providing no indication on the card as to the position of -the most significant bit or of the other bits of lesser significance As mentioned above, the microcomputer 10 will read the card and record the time and identity of each person entering the room, for example, for the last fourteen entries. Specifically, the microcomputer will indicate whether the person entering the room was a guest, a maid, service personnel or emergency personnel In the case of hotel personnel, each is identified, be-cause of identification data recorded on their cards.
I By being able to read the card and record the last ~3~2~)~
fourteen entries, the list of suspects of any burglary, or the like, is narrowed, which acts as a significant deterrent to prevent burglary by hotel employees. As mentioned above, the identification and time data is read from each unit by the computer of FIGURE 5, The fact that the code change on the successive cards is in accordance with a predetermined binary count, obviates any need for any communication between the card coding mechanism at the main desk of the hotel and the various door units. Whenever a new card is to be issued to a guest, for example, it is merely necessary to insert a blank. card into slot lQ2 of computer 100 (FIGURE 5) at the main desk, and to encode the card with the current binary code corresponding to a particular room, increased by one or more. on a binary scale, and there is no need to synchronize with a random coding sequence, or pseudo-random coding sequence, at the door unit as is the case, for example, in the. system I, US
of Patent 3,800,284~
When the new card is inserted into slot 12 of FIGURE 1, -the door unit will read the new code on the card and change -the current code by one or more on the binary scale so that the old card will no longer be accepted Provision may be made for the situation ion which a card is issued for a particular room which is not used, so that the unit in the door does not have the opportunity of updating the current code,. This is achieved by causing the system in the door to accept the current code, the current code plus 1 binary unit, and 30. the current code plus 2 binary units. Therefore, even though the current code has not been up-dated by the previously issued card, it will still accept the new card.
it As mentioned above, computer 100 of FIGURE 5 is preferably small and portable so that is can be carried to the individual doors when the occasion arises and plugged into the individual door units, The microcomputer unit MCKEE in each door unit has a small memory which stores data as to the identities and times of the last fourteen entries into the room, The computer can be plugged into the door unit to read out this information. lo as mentioned above, the. computer can be used to program or reprogram the door unit Lithium batteries do not gradually lose petunia-trial when they begin to fail Instead, the potential immediately drops to zero.. For that reason, a battery indicator circuit is included in the system of FIGURE 3.
This circuit includes capacitor C2 Wheaties charged through resistor R14 by the battery 26~ The resulting voltage across the capacitor powers the microcomputer MCKEE, The internal resistance ox the battery 26 in 2Q creases as it begins to fail Therefore its voltage will drop when failure is imminent during the -time it is loaded ho solenoid Slick Comparator A is used to look at the voltage of battery 26 when it is loaded by solenoid Sly, If that voltage drops below a certain threshold ! the. code register in the memory of the microcomputer MCKEE. is set to zero and the door unit will not accept any code.
Then, when computer 100 is plugged into the system, it can open the door.
Microcomputer MCKEE includes an internal register, and whenever a Cody is inserted into slot 12 of FIGURE 1, the entrance code on the card is entered into the resister, The microcomputer also includes a first I
internal counter which is set to the proper entrance code of the door When a guest inserts his card into slot 12 of FIGURE 1, and when the entrance code on his card matches the code in the counter, pin PA goes low and solenoid S10 is energized and the door may be opened.
In order to preserve power r the solenoid is first energized by a 50. millisecond DO pulse -to cause it to latch; thereafter a 1 KHz square wave with a 50%
duty cycle appears at pin PA for five seconds to hold the solenoid latched The solenoid obviously draws less current from battery 26 during the square wave as compared with the duration of the initial DO pulse.
Microcomputer MClQ also includes a second internal counter Wheaties set, for example to one binary count greater or less than the first interval counter, or to any predetermined number of counts greater or less than the first counter. If the next guest inserts his card into slot 12, and if the entrance code on his card 2Q matches any count inclusive between -the first and second counters, solenoid S10 is energized and the door may be opened, The two counters are then stepped so -that -the count on the firs-t counter matches the entrance code on the new guest card, and so that the count of the second counter is greater or less than the new count of the first counter by the predetermined number of counts.
When the predetermined number of counts between the two counters is greater than one, and when the system is such that the solenoid S10 Jill be energized when the entrance code on the new card matches any count inclusive between the first and second counters, a new guest may still gain access to the room, even if the previous guest for some reason or another did not use the room, ~236~:~0 Each guest card has a second code encoded on his card representing the duration of his authorized occupancy Jo of the room. As he inserts his card into slot It, I: another counter is set in accordance with the duration code, This latter counter is then counted down to zero by the internal clock of the computer. When the counter reaches zero, it increments or decrements the previously described counters my the predetermined amount and the : present card is no longer effective Computer MCKEE. also includes an internal maid's : entrance register Wheaties set to a particular code.
When a maid's card is inserted into slot 12 having a code matching the particular code:, solenoid S10 is energized and the door may be opened. Each maid's card also has an identity code which identifies the holder This code is stored in the computer's memory, together with the time of access The microcomputer cluck, how-ever/ will not respond to the Midas card if the privacy swish is closed :
A similar internal register and identity storage is provided within the computer for the master cards, : and for the emergency keyword As noted above the emergencycard will operate the. solenoid S10.~ even though the ; privacy switch 30 is closed.
25. The identities stored in the memory of computer MCKEE, and times of access, canoe read by plugging computer 100 of FIGURE 5 into the circuit of FIGURE I.
The microcomputer MCKEE includes a clock genera-.
ion controlled by crystal Al, and counting circuitry for : 30 indicating real time, so that the time of the various entries can also be stored in its memory The unit in the door records every entry into the room on an elapsed time basis, When the. computer lo its plugged .~, into the circuit of FIGURE 4, the computer responds to the elapsed time readings of the door unit to provide a read-out of the real time of each entry, The invention provides, therefore, an electronic lock system in which each door has its own self-contained microcomputer controlled unit which is not wired to a central computer, and which is battery operated by a self-contained battery, The unit is small and light, and it may be readily removed from the door and replaced as a single unit, should the need arise, The system of the invention is conceived so that the individual guest cards can be programmed to expire after a selected time interval. also, non-use of any issued guest card will not affect the operation of the system. In addition, the individual door units keep a record of the identities of all hotel personnel entering the corresponding room, and the times of each access.
The desk computer electronically codes each guest card as it is issued, and i-t eliminates mechanical card punches. The card itself is a simple, programmable metal card which is magnetically encoded and which is read on a proximity basis with no moving parts in -the reader The card can be reprogrammed and reused countless times.
The desk computer is small and light and readily portable It can be carried to any particular door and plugged into the door unit, as described above, to read information stored in the door unit, and to start up the door unit.
It will be appreciated that while a particular 30- embodiment of the invention has been shown and described, modifications may be made, It is intended in the claims to cover all modifications that come within the true spirit and scope of the invention
Claims (30)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. An electronic lock control system to be mounted in a door including: microcomputer means having means for storing a predetermined multi-bit binary number access code; a first key member having multi-bit binary data stored thereon corresponding to an access code; key reading means connected to said microcomputer means for reading the binary data stored on said key member and for introducing inputs corresponding to such data into said microcomputer, said microcomputer responding to a match between the access code of said key member and the binary data access code stored therein for pro-ducing an access output, and said microcomputer also responding to a match between the access code of a second key member and a predetermined increment of the binary data stored in said code microcomputer for producing said access output; means connected to said microcomputer and responsive to said access output to unlock the door; and said microcom-puter responding to a match between said access code stored on said second key member and said predetermined increment of the binary data stored in said microcomputer for rendering the microcomputer unresponsive to the access code on said first key member.
2. The combination defined in claim 1, in which said pre-determined increment is of the order of 1.
3. The combination defined in claim 1, in which said pre-determined increment is of the order of 1 or 2.
4. The combination defined in claim 1, in which each key member is formed of magnetizable material capable of being mag-netized to represent any selected multi-bit binary number, and being capable of being remagnetized to represent other multi-bit binary numbers.
5. The combination defined in claim 4, in which each key member is configured as a flat rectangular-shaped card having a plurality of slots therein.
6. The combination defined in claim 4, in which each key member is magnetized to cause said key reading means to generate electric signals corresponding to the binary data stored on the respective key member and also to generate corresponding clock signals when the respective key member is read by said key read-ing means.
7. The combination defined in claim 4, in which said key reading means includes at least one electromagnetic read head for proximity reading the data stored on each key member.
8. The combination defined in claim 1, and which includes a privacy switch connected to said microcomputer means and oper-able from the interior of the door to prevent said microcomputer means from producing said access signal when the privacy switch is set to a particular position.
9. The combination defined in claim 1, and which includes receiving means for said key members; a switch mounted in said key receiving means to be actuated to a first position when one of said key members is inserted in said key receiving means, and which is actuated to a second position when said one key member is withdrawn from said key receiving means, and circuitry connec-ted to said switch and to said microcomputer for causing the microcomputer to produce said access output a predetermined time interval after the switch has been actuated to its first position and returned to its second position by the insertion and with-drawal of said one key member in and from said key receiving means.
10. The combination defined in claim 1, and which includes a battery included in said unit and connected to said card reading means and to said microcomputer to constitute -the sole source of energy therefor.
11. The combination defined in claim 10, and which includes receiving means for said key members, a switch mounted in said key receiving means to be actuated when said one key member is inserted into said key receiving means, and a circuit connected to said switch and to said battery for testing the state of said battery each time said one key member is inserted into said key receiving means.
12. A key member for use with an electronic lock, or the like, comprising a magnetic card formed entirely of a selected magnetiz-able material, and having a configuration to be magnetized to represent a plurality of binary bits.
13. The key member defined in claim 12, in which the mag-netic card is in the form of a flat planar card having a plural-ity of slots therein in side-by-side relationship, the portions of the card between the slots being susceptible to being magnet-ized to represent binary bits.
14. The combination defined in claim 13, in which the mag-netic card may be remagnetized to represent other binary coded numbers.
15. The key member defined in claim 13, in which the may-netic card is magnetized to represent a plurality of data bits, and a plurality of clock bits corresponding to said data bits.
16. The combination defined in claim 1, in which each key member has multi-bit binary data stored thereon corresponding to an identification code, and in which said microcomputer means includes means for storing multi-bit binary data corresponding to the identification code of the person using the respective key member.
17. The combination defined in claim 16, in which said microcomputer means includes an internal clock for causing data representing corresponding times to be stored in said memory with said identification code.
18. The combination defined in claim 1, in which each key member has multi-bit binary data stored thereon corresponding to a duration code, and in which said microcomputer means responds to said duration code to be unresponsive to the access code of the respective key member after a predetermined time represented by said duration code has expired.
19. The combination defined in claim 1, in which said microcomputer produces said access output initially in the form of a pulse of a first predetermined duration followed by a signal of a selected duty cycle for a second predeter-mined duration.
20. The key member defined in claim 12, in which certain of the slots correspond to binary bits and certain of the slots correspond to clock bits, and in which the slots corresponding to the clock bits are also susceptible to being read optically.
21. An electronic lock control system to be mounted in a door including: microcomputer means having first binary counter means for storing binary data representative of a first predetermined multi-bit binary number and second binary counter means for storing binary data representative of a second predeter-mined multi-bit binary number having a predetermined numeral relationship with said first predetermined multi-bit number; a key member having multi-bit binary data stored thereon corresponding to an entrance code;
key reading means connected to said microcomputer means for reading the binary data stored on said key member and for introducing inputs corresponding to such data into said micro-computer, the entrance code of said key member and the binary data stored on said first counter means for producing an access output, and said microcomputer responding to a match between the entrance code of said key member and the binary data stored in said second binary counter means for producing said access output; means connected to said microcomputer and responsive to said access output to unlock the door; and said microcomputer responding to a match between said entrance code stored on said key member and the binary data stored in said second binary counter for changing the count of said first and second binary counters by a predetermined amount.
key reading means connected to said microcomputer means for reading the binary data stored on said key member and for introducing inputs corresponding to such data into said micro-computer, the entrance code of said key member and the binary data stored on said first counter means for producing an access output, and said microcomputer responding to a match between the entrance code of said key member and the binary data stored in said second binary counter means for producing said access output; means connected to said microcomputer and responsive to said access output to unlock the door; and said microcomputer responding to a match between said entrance code stored on said key member and the binary data stored in said second binary counter for changing the count of said first and second binary counters by a predetermined amount.
22. The combination defined in claim 21, in which said microcomputer means changes the count of said first and second binary counters by one count in response to a match between said binary data stored on said key member and the binary data stored in said second binary counter means.
23. The combination defined in claim 21, in which said key member is magnetized to cause said key reading means to generate electric signals corresponding to the binary data stored on said key member and also to generate corresponding clock signals when said key member is read by said key reading means.
24. The combination defined in claim 21, and which includes a privacy switch connected to said microcomputer means and operable from the interior of the door to prevent said microcomputer means from producing said access signal when the privacy switch is set to a particular position.
25. The combination defined in claim 21, and which includes receiving means for said key member;
a switch mounted in said key receiving means to be actuated to a first position when said key member is inserted in said key receiving means, and which is actuated to a second position when the key is withdrawn from said key receiving means, and circuitry connected to said switch and to said microcomputer for causing the microcomputer to produce said access output a predetermined time interval after the switch has been actuated to its first position and returned to its second position by the insertion and withdrawal of the key member in and from said key receiving means.
a switch mounted in said key receiving means to be actuated to a first position when said key member is inserted in said key receiving means, and which is actuated to a second position when the key is withdrawn from said key receiving means, and circuitry connected to said switch and to said microcomputer for causing the microcomputer to produce said access output a predetermined time interval after the switch has been actuated to its first position and returned to its second position by the insertion and withdrawal of the key member in and from said key receiving means.
26. The combination defined in claim 21, further including a battery for energizing said micro-computer, receiving means for said key member, a switch being mounted in said key receiving means to be actuated when said key member is inserted into said key receiving means, and a circuit connected to said switch and to said battery for testing the state of said battery each time said key member is inserted into said key receiving means.
27. The combination defined in claim 21, in which certain of the data bits constitute identification bits, and in which said microcomputer means includes a memory for storing information concerning the identity of the person using the card.
28. The combination defined in claim 21, in which certain of the data bits constitute a duration code, and said microcomputer means responds to said duration code to change the count of said first and second binary counters by said predetermined amount after a predetermined time represented by said duration code has expired.
29. The combination defined in claim 21, in which the difference between said first and second multi-bit binary numbers is greater than one, and in which said microcomputer responds to a match between the entrance code stored in said key member and any multi-bit binary number between said first and second multi-bit binary numbers to produce said access output and for changing the count of said first and second counters by a predetermined amount.
30. The combination defined in claim 29, in which the data bits are symmetrically positioned on either side of the clock bits so that the key member may be inserted in the slot with either face up and still be effective.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US57964884A | 1984-02-13 | 1984-02-13 | |
| US579,648 | 1984-02-13 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1236200A true CA1236200A (en) | 1988-05-03 |
Family
ID=24317770
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000474063A Expired CA1236200A (en) | 1984-02-13 | 1985-02-12 | Electronic lock and key system for hotels and the like |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0152678A3 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH07122362B2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1236200A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5260551A (en) * | 1990-12-03 | 1993-11-09 | Trioving A.S | Time controlled lock system |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| IL88567A (en) * | 1988-02-03 | 1992-02-16 | Omen Metal Products | Safe device and mechanism for operating the same |
| DE69006532T2 (en) * | 1989-04-20 | 1994-06-01 | Toshiba Kawasaki Kk | Device for restricting the authorized drivers of a vehicle. |
| JPH0583245U (en) * | 1993-02-15 | 1993-11-12 | 昭和ロック株式会社 | Electric door lock |
| JPH0785150A (en) * | 1993-09-10 | 1995-03-31 | Sunitsuto Computer:Kk | Management system for lodging installation |
| GB2305211B (en) * | 1995-09-07 | 1999-11-10 | Reilor Ltd | Pet door |
| US5670940A (en) * | 1996-04-19 | 1997-09-23 | Trioving A.S | Electronic lock system with occupancy block |
| US6809628B1 (en) | 1999-03-29 | 2004-10-26 | Aaron Bensimon | Personal or personalizable device for the conditional use of electric or electronic appliances, method of use |
| WO2002008551A1 (en) * | 2000-07-20 | 2002-01-31 | Codesmart Access Systems Pty Ltd | Access method and system |
| WO2006021047A1 (en) * | 2004-08-27 | 2006-03-02 | Honeywell Limited | An access control system and a method of access control |
| WO2007045051A1 (en) | 2005-10-21 | 2007-04-26 | Honeywell Limited | An authorisation system and a method of authorisation |
| WO2008144804A1 (en) | 2007-05-28 | 2008-12-04 | Honeywell International Inc | Systems and methods for commissioning access control devices |
| WO2008144803A1 (en) | 2007-05-28 | 2008-12-04 | Honeywell International Inc | Systems and methods for configuring access control devices |
| EP2332386A4 (en) | 2008-09-30 | 2014-07-23 | Honeywell Int Inc | Systems and methods for interacting with access control devices |
| US8878931B2 (en) | 2009-03-04 | 2014-11-04 | Honeywell International Inc. | Systems and methods for managing video data |
| US9019070B2 (en) | 2009-03-19 | 2015-04-28 | Honeywell International Inc. | Systems and methods for managing access control devices |
| US9280365B2 (en) | 2009-12-17 | 2016-03-08 | Honeywell International Inc. | Systems and methods for managing configuration data at disconnected remote devices |
| US8707414B2 (en) | 2010-01-07 | 2014-04-22 | Honeywell International Inc. | Systems and methods for location aware access control management |
| US8787725B2 (en) | 2010-11-11 | 2014-07-22 | Honeywell International Inc. | Systems and methods for managing video data |
| WO2012174603A1 (en) | 2011-06-24 | 2012-12-27 | Honeywell International Inc. | Systems and methods for presenting dvm system information |
| US9344684B2 (en) | 2011-08-05 | 2016-05-17 | Honeywell International Inc. | Systems and methods configured to enable content sharing between client terminals of a digital video management system |
| US10362273B2 (en) | 2011-08-05 | 2019-07-23 | Honeywell International Inc. | Systems and methods for managing video data |
| US10038872B2 (en) | 2011-08-05 | 2018-07-31 | Honeywell International Inc. | Systems and methods for managing video data |
| DE102011053879A1 (en) * | 2011-09-23 | 2013-03-28 | Albrecht Jung Gmbh & Co Kg | ticket counter |
| US10523903B2 (en) | 2013-10-30 | 2019-12-31 | Honeywell International Inc. | Computer implemented systems frameworks and methods configured for enabling review of incident data |
| EP3096268A1 (en) | 2015-05-22 | 2016-11-23 | Ojmar S.A. | Lock, in particular a card-operated electronic lock |
| US10424822B2 (en) | 2015-10-14 | 2019-09-24 | Wilson Electronics, Llc | Multi-common port multiband filters |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3926021A (en) * | 1974-01-02 | 1975-12-16 | Monitron Ind | Electronic combination lock and system |
| US4411144A (en) * | 1976-04-16 | 1983-10-25 | Kadex, Inc. | Electronic lock system |
| CA1101513A (en) * | 1976-11-08 | 1981-05-19 | Leonard J. Genest | Security system |
| US4148092A (en) * | 1977-08-04 | 1979-04-03 | Ricky Martin | Electronic combination door lock with dead bolt sensing means |
| US4385231A (en) * | 1980-06-27 | 1983-05-24 | Omron Tateisi Electronics Co. | Unlocking system for use with cards |
-
1984
- 1984-10-30 EP EP84307464A patent/EP0152678A3/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1985
- 1985-02-12 JP JP2367885A patent/JPH07122362B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1985-02-12 CA CA000474063A patent/CA1236200A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5260551A (en) * | 1990-12-03 | 1993-11-09 | Trioving A.S | Time controlled lock system |
| USRE36426E (en) * | 1990-12-03 | 1999-12-07 | Trioving A.S | Time controlled lock system |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH07122362B2 (en) | 1995-12-25 |
| JPS60195280A (en) | 1985-10-03 |
| EP0152678A3 (en) | 1988-03-16 |
| EP0152678A2 (en) | 1985-08-28 |
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