CA1233808A - Hydrant securing device - Google Patents
Hydrant securing deviceInfo
- Publication number
- CA1233808A CA1233808A CA000533607A CA533607A CA1233808A CA 1233808 A CA1233808 A CA 1233808A CA 000533607 A CA000533607 A CA 000533607A CA 533607 A CA533607 A CA 533607A CA 1233808 A CA1233808 A CA 1233808A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- hydrant
- generally
- nuts
- shaped structure
- nut
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03B—INSTALLATIONS OR METHODS FOR OBTAINING, COLLECTING, OR DISTRIBUTING WATER
- E03B9/00—Methods or installations for drawing-off water
- E03B9/02—Hydrants; Arrangements of valves therein; Keys for hydrants
- E03B9/04—Column hydrants
- E03B9/06—Covers
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Fire-Extinguishing By Fire Departments, And Fire-Extinguishing Equipment And Control Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
INVENTION: HYDRANT SECURING DEVICE
INVENTOR: MARC CAMPBELL
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A hydrant securing device is adapted for use on a conventional fire hydrant having an exposed upper valve nut and a pair of caps each formed with a cap nut. The device preferrably comprises a one-piece steel yoke having a generally U-shaped configuration dimensioned for seating directly on the valve and cap nuts.
The yoke has a generally horizontal base formed with an opening dimensioned for location about the valve nut, and a pair of downwardly-directed arms, each arm having an opening dimensioned for location about one of the cap nuts. The openings conform generally to the shape of the nuts and prevent rotation of the nuts relative to the yoke so that the caps cannot be removed and water flow cannot be initiated. The yoke is sufficiently resilient that the arm portions can be elastically separated to permit simultaneous location of the openings about the valve and cap nuts and to permit removal of the hydrant securing device in the event of a fire. Each arm has a strap guide formed by displacing a portion of metal from the associated arm to define a passage between the metal portion and the associated arm. A steel strap clamp is extended through the strap guide passages and crimped to prevent separation of the yoke arms and removal of the device. The strap clamp is snapped with a wrench or other prying tool when access to the hydrant is required.
INVENTOR: MARC CAMPBELL
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A hydrant securing device is adapted for use on a conventional fire hydrant having an exposed upper valve nut and a pair of caps each formed with a cap nut. The device preferrably comprises a one-piece steel yoke having a generally U-shaped configuration dimensioned for seating directly on the valve and cap nuts.
The yoke has a generally horizontal base formed with an opening dimensioned for location about the valve nut, and a pair of downwardly-directed arms, each arm having an opening dimensioned for location about one of the cap nuts. The openings conform generally to the shape of the nuts and prevent rotation of the nuts relative to the yoke so that the caps cannot be removed and water flow cannot be initiated. The yoke is sufficiently resilient that the arm portions can be elastically separated to permit simultaneous location of the openings about the valve and cap nuts and to permit removal of the hydrant securing device in the event of a fire. Each arm has a strap guide formed by displacing a portion of metal from the associated arm to define a passage between the metal portion and the associated arm. A steel strap clamp is extended through the strap guide passages and crimped to prevent separation of the yoke arms and removal of the device. The strap clamp is snapped with a wrench or other prying tool when access to the hydrant is required.
Description
~3~
FTELD OF T~E INVENTIQN
The invention relates to the securing of fire hydrant valves and caps against tampering ancl also to detection of unauthorized use of a fire hydrant.
DE$~RIPTIQN ()F THE PRIOR ART
To the knowledge of the invèntor, no satisfactory and cost-effective means have been provided for securing the water valve and caps associated with aconventional fire hydrant. The valve nut associated with such a hydraslt is normally exposed and can be rotated with an appropriate wrench to actuate water flow within the hydrant. The caps which cover water outlets normally formed on either side of a fire hydrant are also provided with exposed nuts and may also be removed with a wrench.
To prevent theft of the outlet caps, it is common practice to chain the caps directly to the body of the hydrant. In U.S. patent no.489,329 to Rosse, however, there is described an alternative mechanism for securing a hydrant cap. This mechanism includes a bar with slots formed at either end, a lower end of the bar being pivotally connected to the body of the hydrant with a threaded fastener, the upper end of the bar being attached to a hydrant cap with ano~her threaded faster in a manner which permits rotation of the cap itself. The Rosse device permits the cap to beopened and pivoted away ~om the associated water outl~t without en~rely disengaging the cap frvm the hydrant. Such a mechanism does not, however, preclude unauthorized use of the hydrant or even theft of the caps themselves.
A much more significant aspect of hydrant tarnpering is actuation of the internal water valve associatecl with a hydrant without actual discharge of s~ater.
In environments subject to very cold winters, the flow valve actuated by the exposed hydrant valve nut may normally be located several feet below ground level where free~ing of hydrant components is unlikely to occur, and the interior of above-ground hydrant housing portions may norrnally be kept dry. If only the valve nut is tampered with, there may be no visual inclication that the hyclrant is water-fillecl and that the 3~
hydrant is apt to rupture in cold weather with freezing and expansion of the contained water. A municipality or other authority may consequently be required to conduct a very costly annual inspection of hydrants, one involving actual opening of each hydrant for purposes of detecting the presence or absence of water.
In view of the number of fire hydrants located, for example, in a major city, it would be desirable to provide an inexpensive mechanism by means of which a hydrant may be conveniently secured against tampering, particularly ~ampering with a valve nut responsible for regulating water flow within the hydrant.
It would also be desirable that such a securmg mechanism be easily and quickly removed in the event of a fire to permit quick access to the hydrant. If tampering with the valve nut has occurred, it would be desirable that such a device visually indicate such tampering so that inspection procedures are greatly simplified. Accordingly, it is an object of this speci~ication to provide a hydrant securing device which in preferred ~orm meets such requirements.
BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE DYVENTION
In one aspect, the invention provides a device for securing a hydrant having at least three nuts which can be rotated to open hydrant valves or outlets. The device includes means which seat on the hydrant to define a generally U-shaped structure contacting each of the three nuts. The U-shaped structure has nut locking means which locate about the three nuts to prevent rotation of the three nuts.
Accordingly, the nuts cannot be rotated for the purposes of initiating water flow or rernoving outlet caps without removing the device. The U-shaped structure is removed from the hydrant only by displacing portions of the generally U-shaped structure relative to one another. Securing means are provided which prevent such relative displacement of the structure portions, these securing means preferrably being in the form of a metal strap clamp which cannot be casually released and whose removal provides a visual indicator of hydrant tampering.
~33~
In another aspe~t, the invention provides a device for use in securing a hydrant of the type having an exposed valve nut and a pair of opposing side outlet caps, each cap being threaded onto a hydrant outlet and having a cap nut by means of which the cap can be rotated relative to the housing outlet. The device comprises a one-piece yoke having a generally U-shaped configuration including a base portion and a pair of opposing arm portions. The yoke has a passage forrned in the base portion and dimensioned to locate about the valYe nut, another passage formed in one arm portion and dimensioned to locate about one cap nut and yet another passage formed in the other arrn portion and dimensioned to locate about the other cap nut.
The passages are positioned for simultaneous location about the valve and cap nuts, each passage being shaped to prevent rotation of the associated nut relative to the yoke when so located. The yoke is formed of a rnaterial sufficiently resilient that the arm portions can be elastically separated to permit the simultaneous location of the passages about the associated valve and cap nuts and to perrnit removal of the passages frorn the associated valve and cap nuts. Securing means acting between the arrn portions prevent separation of the arm portions and consequently casual removal of the dev;ce from the hydrant.
Other ~nventive features and associated advantages will described more fully below in connection with the description of a preferred embodiment of a hydrant securing device and various inventive aspects will be more speci~lcally defined in the attached claims.
VESCRI~ION OF~E DRAWINGS
The invention will be better understood with reference to drawings illustrating a preferred embodiment, in which:
fig. 1 is an elevational view of a conventional fire hydrant on which is mounted a hydrant securing device;
fig. 2 is a perspective view of the hydrant secunng device.
DES~IPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODTMENT
Reference is made to fig. 1 which illustrates a hydrant securing device 10 mounted on a fire hydrant 12. The hydrant 12 is of a very common variety which has an upper exposed valve nut 14 which can be rotated about a vertical axis to open an internal water control valve. The hydrant 12 also has a pair of water outlets 16, 18 positioned on opposing sides of the hydrant housing 20. A pair of outlet caps 22, 24 are threaded onto the water outlets 16, 18 essentially closing the outlets 16, 18 against the escape of water. The caps 22, 24 have cap nuts 26, 28 by means of which eachcap can be rotated relative to the housing outlets 16, 18 for removal. In this particular hydrant 12, the cap nuts 26, 28 are rotated about substantially a cornrnon horizontal axis with an appropriate wrench. Although the invention will be described in thecontext of such a hydrant, it should be understood that other hydrants can be accorr~ odated with appropriate modification of the devices taugh~ in this disclosure and that the invention should not be construed as limited to hydrant securing devices appropriate solely for this particular type of hydrant.
The hydrant securing device 10 includes a one-piece yoke 30 formed of an elongate steel plate bent to having a generally U-shaped configuration. The yoke 30 may be seen to comprise a generally horizontal base portion 32 and a pair of opposing, downwardly-extending arm portions 34, 36. The yoke 30 has a passage 38die-cut in the base portion 32 (prior to bending) and dimensioned for location about the valve nut 14. A similar passage 40 is formed in one arm portion 34 and dimensioned to locate about the cap nut 26 while a registered passage 42 is formed in the other arm portion 36 and dimensioned to locate about the other cap nut 28. These passages are positioned on the yoke 30 such that they may be simultaneously located about thevalve and cap nuts as illustrated in fig. 1, in a manner described more fully below.
Each passage conforms roughly in shape and dimensions to the associated nut, andconsequently, when the yoke 30 is seated on the hydrant 12 with each passage located 3~
about the respective nut, the nuts cannot be rotated relative to the yoke 30 (and more specifically relative to the hydrant housing 20) to actuate water flow or to permit removal of the outlet caps 22, 24.
Although the passages in the yoke 10 are defined by simple punched holes conforming to the shape of the nuts, other means may be used to lock the one or more of the nuts against rotation. For example, suitable passages preventing relative rotation of the nuts relative to the yoke 10 itself might be defined by tubular projections which completely encircle each nut or by projections which define passages that are largely open, but sufficient to physically obstruct rotation of the nuts. It is also within the ambit of the present invention to lock the nuts against rotation by providing locking means which simply obstruct tool access to the nuts, as for example, housings which are positioned to conceal the nuts either partially or totally.
The steel material of the yoke 30 is sufficiently resilient that the arrn portions 34, 36 can be elastically separated to permit simultaneous location of the passages about the associated valve and cap nuts. To locate the yoke 30 Otl the hydrant 12, the passage 40 of the arrn portion 34 may be located about the cap nut 26, the other arm portion 36 may be deflected away from the ann portion 34 to permit the passage 38 in the base portion 32 to be located about the valve nut 14, and thenreleased to locate the passage 42 associated ~;vith the arm portion 36 to locate about the cap nut 28. The yoke 30 will then be seated solely on the valve and cap nu~s in much the configuration illustrated in fig. 1. To remove the yoke 30 from the hydrant 12, as to access the cap and valve nuts, the arm portion 36 may once again be displacedelastically away from the other arm portion 34, and the steps of the mounting procedure reversed. It will be appreciated that this arrangement perrnits the device 10 to be quickly installed and, perhaps more critically, very quickly removed.
The yoke 30 can be removed from the hydrant 12 only by relative displacement of the two arm portions 34, 36. The yoke 30 is secured against casual removal by means of a circular metal strap clamp 44 of the type commoniy used tosecure large cargo boxes and the like. To that end, the arm portions 34, 36 are formed with strap guides 46, 48 which serve to properly locate and retain the strap clamp 44.
The strap guide 48 associated with the arrn portion 36 is typical. The strap guide 48 is formed by displacing a portion 50 of metal (as during a die-cutting opera~ion before bending of the metal plate constituting the yoke 30) from the associated arm portion 36 to define a passage (illustrated but not indicated) between the metal portion 50 and the associated arm portion 36. Once the yoke 30 is installed on the three hydrant nuts, the strap clamp 44 can be extended through the strap guides 46, 48, tightened with aconventional apparatus appropriate for such purposes and the ends of the strap clamp 44 crimp-fastened with a conventional fastener 52. The ~astener 52 may be sprayed with an appropriate paint to give a visual indication whether someone has surreptitiously tampered with the strap clamp 44, as by loosening and then re-engaging the fastener 52.
To remove the yoke 30, it is first necessary to break the strap clamp 44. This can be done by inserting the handle of the wrench commonly used to operate the valve and cap nuts between one of the housing outlets 16, 18 and the strap clamp 44 itself. The wrench may then be pivoted downwardly using the hydrant housing 20 as a fulcrum point to snap the strap clamp 44.
A major problem with hydrants, as mentioned above, is undetected actuation of the internal water flow valve. If the hydrant caps have not been removed, the tampering may not be apparent, and there is no indication that the hydrant housing is in fact full of water. In most instances, vandals may be expected to remove the strap clamp 44 or yoke 30 of the device 10 in its entirety so that tampering will be readily apparent. An inspector can be reasonably satisfied that if the securing device 10 is properly seated on the hydrant 12, the valve nut 14 has not be n rotated. If thesecuring device 10 has been removed, or the strap clamp ~ interfered with, there is a ~a233~
visual indication of tampering. This very significantly simpli~les the inspection of hydrants and significantly reduces associated labour costs. In this aspect of the invention, it will be apparent that securing of the outlet caps 22, 24 themselves is not essential, and that the advantages described could be obtained even if the passages 40, 42 were not dimensioned or shaped to prevent rotation of the sap nuts 2~, 28.
It will be appreciated that a particular hydrant securing device has been described for purposes of illustrating the principles and features of the invention and that modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit of the invention or the scope of the appended clairns.
In particular, it should be noted that the one-piece, die-cut and bent yoke 30 represents a particularly inexpensive way of constructing the generally U-shapçd structure required to simultaneously lock the thuee nuts associated with a hydrant such as the hydrant 12. The elasticity of the constituent metal is re]ied upon to permit the relative separation of the portion of the U-shaped structure necessary to perrnit installation and removal. However, it is fully within the ambit of the invention to form the U-shaped structure by providing a hinge joint for example at the base portion of the U-shape which perrnits one ann portion to pivot relative to the other thereby permitting the required relative separation. In fact, the U-shaped structure may be formed by a plurality of components: for example, one arm portion can be terminated at an upper end with a perpendicular tab which inserts into a slot formed in the base portion, thereby de~ming a separable hinge joint that permits the required simultaneous location about the valve and cap nuts. Such a device would comprisetwo completely separate elements prior to installation and subsequent to removal but would define a U-shaped structure when seated on the hydrant itsel~. The parts of the IJ-shaped structure may alternatively be adapted to interlock when seated on thehydrant. These are only particular examples of alternative arrangernents and other arrangements within the ambit of the present invention are possible.
~23~
In hydrants having more than two hydrant outlets, a somewhat rarer form of hydrant, additional downwardly-extending arm portions may be attached tothe U-shaped stlucture to accommodate the additional outlets. If forrned of an appropriate resilient material or hinged, these may be conveniently located about the additional cap or valve nuts to be secured. The strap clamp securing means described herein may be extended around all such arm portions to prevent removal of the hydrant secunng device. Such arrangements and equivalents thereof are regarded as corning within the ambit of the present invention as claimed.
Strap clamps have been described as appropriate means for securing the portions of the U-shaped structure against relative separation. These are pre-ferred for reasons of low-cost and simplicity of manufacture and use, and are regarded as suitable for most applications. How~ver, the securing means may be made more complex and more difficult to overcome if this is deemed advisable. For example, one might attach hinged hori~ontal arms to the arrn portion 34 which can be pivoted into contact with the arm portion 36 and which carry transverse hinged plates that locate against the outer surface of the ann portion 36. One transverse plate n~ght comprise an eye-loop and the other, a slot which receives the eye-loop. Accordingly, ~ padloclc may be inserted into the eye-loop to lock the two horizontal arms and to provide a more positive mechanism against separation of the arm portions of the yoke and removal of the hydrant securing device. Such measures are more costly and also do not lend themselves to as rapid removal of the hydrant securing device in the event of a fire. These might be considered in neighbourhoods where vandals would be expected to go to greater lengths to tamper with a hydrant. Once again, the use of such hinged arms and a padlock represents only one possible alternative to the strap clamp securing means suggested herein, and other alternatives may be used which come within theambit of the invention.
FTELD OF T~E INVENTIQN
The invention relates to the securing of fire hydrant valves and caps against tampering ancl also to detection of unauthorized use of a fire hydrant.
DE$~RIPTIQN ()F THE PRIOR ART
To the knowledge of the invèntor, no satisfactory and cost-effective means have been provided for securing the water valve and caps associated with aconventional fire hydrant. The valve nut associated with such a hydraslt is normally exposed and can be rotated with an appropriate wrench to actuate water flow within the hydrant. The caps which cover water outlets normally formed on either side of a fire hydrant are also provided with exposed nuts and may also be removed with a wrench.
To prevent theft of the outlet caps, it is common practice to chain the caps directly to the body of the hydrant. In U.S. patent no.489,329 to Rosse, however, there is described an alternative mechanism for securing a hydrant cap. This mechanism includes a bar with slots formed at either end, a lower end of the bar being pivotally connected to the body of the hydrant with a threaded fastener, the upper end of the bar being attached to a hydrant cap with ano~her threaded faster in a manner which permits rotation of the cap itself. The Rosse device permits the cap to beopened and pivoted away ~om the associated water outl~t without en~rely disengaging the cap frvm the hydrant. Such a mechanism does not, however, preclude unauthorized use of the hydrant or even theft of the caps themselves.
A much more significant aspect of hydrant tarnpering is actuation of the internal water valve associatecl with a hydrant without actual discharge of s~ater.
In environments subject to very cold winters, the flow valve actuated by the exposed hydrant valve nut may normally be located several feet below ground level where free~ing of hydrant components is unlikely to occur, and the interior of above-ground hydrant housing portions may norrnally be kept dry. If only the valve nut is tampered with, there may be no visual inclication that the hyclrant is water-fillecl and that the 3~
hydrant is apt to rupture in cold weather with freezing and expansion of the contained water. A municipality or other authority may consequently be required to conduct a very costly annual inspection of hydrants, one involving actual opening of each hydrant for purposes of detecting the presence or absence of water.
In view of the number of fire hydrants located, for example, in a major city, it would be desirable to provide an inexpensive mechanism by means of which a hydrant may be conveniently secured against tampering, particularly ~ampering with a valve nut responsible for regulating water flow within the hydrant.
It would also be desirable that such a securmg mechanism be easily and quickly removed in the event of a fire to permit quick access to the hydrant. If tampering with the valve nut has occurred, it would be desirable that such a device visually indicate such tampering so that inspection procedures are greatly simplified. Accordingly, it is an object of this speci~ication to provide a hydrant securing device which in preferred ~orm meets such requirements.
BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE DYVENTION
In one aspect, the invention provides a device for securing a hydrant having at least three nuts which can be rotated to open hydrant valves or outlets. The device includes means which seat on the hydrant to define a generally U-shaped structure contacting each of the three nuts. The U-shaped structure has nut locking means which locate about the three nuts to prevent rotation of the three nuts.
Accordingly, the nuts cannot be rotated for the purposes of initiating water flow or rernoving outlet caps without removing the device. The U-shaped structure is removed from the hydrant only by displacing portions of the generally U-shaped structure relative to one another. Securing means are provided which prevent such relative displacement of the structure portions, these securing means preferrably being in the form of a metal strap clamp which cannot be casually released and whose removal provides a visual indicator of hydrant tampering.
~33~
In another aspe~t, the invention provides a device for use in securing a hydrant of the type having an exposed valve nut and a pair of opposing side outlet caps, each cap being threaded onto a hydrant outlet and having a cap nut by means of which the cap can be rotated relative to the housing outlet. The device comprises a one-piece yoke having a generally U-shaped configuration including a base portion and a pair of opposing arm portions. The yoke has a passage forrned in the base portion and dimensioned to locate about the valYe nut, another passage formed in one arm portion and dimensioned to locate about one cap nut and yet another passage formed in the other arrn portion and dimensioned to locate about the other cap nut.
The passages are positioned for simultaneous location about the valve and cap nuts, each passage being shaped to prevent rotation of the associated nut relative to the yoke when so located. The yoke is formed of a rnaterial sufficiently resilient that the arm portions can be elastically separated to permit the simultaneous location of the passages about the associated valve and cap nuts and to perrnit removal of the passages frorn the associated valve and cap nuts. Securing means acting between the arrn portions prevent separation of the arm portions and consequently casual removal of the dev;ce from the hydrant.
Other ~nventive features and associated advantages will described more fully below in connection with the description of a preferred embodiment of a hydrant securing device and various inventive aspects will be more speci~lcally defined in the attached claims.
VESCRI~ION OF~E DRAWINGS
The invention will be better understood with reference to drawings illustrating a preferred embodiment, in which:
fig. 1 is an elevational view of a conventional fire hydrant on which is mounted a hydrant securing device;
fig. 2 is a perspective view of the hydrant secunng device.
DES~IPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODTMENT
Reference is made to fig. 1 which illustrates a hydrant securing device 10 mounted on a fire hydrant 12. The hydrant 12 is of a very common variety which has an upper exposed valve nut 14 which can be rotated about a vertical axis to open an internal water control valve. The hydrant 12 also has a pair of water outlets 16, 18 positioned on opposing sides of the hydrant housing 20. A pair of outlet caps 22, 24 are threaded onto the water outlets 16, 18 essentially closing the outlets 16, 18 against the escape of water. The caps 22, 24 have cap nuts 26, 28 by means of which eachcap can be rotated relative to the housing outlets 16, 18 for removal. In this particular hydrant 12, the cap nuts 26, 28 are rotated about substantially a cornrnon horizontal axis with an appropriate wrench. Although the invention will be described in thecontext of such a hydrant, it should be understood that other hydrants can be accorr~ odated with appropriate modification of the devices taugh~ in this disclosure and that the invention should not be construed as limited to hydrant securing devices appropriate solely for this particular type of hydrant.
The hydrant securing device 10 includes a one-piece yoke 30 formed of an elongate steel plate bent to having a generally U-shaped configuration. The yoke 30 may be seen to comprise a generally horizontal base portion 32 and a pair of opposing, downwardly-extending arm portions 34, 36. The yoke 30 has a passage 38die-cut in the base portion 32 (prior to bending) and dimensioned for location about the valve nut 14. A similar passage 40 is formed in one arm portion 34 and dimensioned to locate about the cap nut 26 while a registered passage 42 is formed in the other arm portion 36 and dimensioned to locate about the other cap nut 28. These passages are positioned on the yoke 30 such that they may be simultaneously located about thevalve and cap nuts as illustrated in fig. 1, in a manner described more fully below.
Each passage conforms roughly in shape and dimensions to the associated nut, andconsequently, when the yoke 30 is seated on the hydrant 12 with each passage located 3~
about the respective nut, the nuts cannot be rotated relative to the yoke 30 (and more specifically relative to the hydrant housing 20) to actuate water flow or to permit removal of the outlet caps 22, 24.
Although the passages in the yoke 10 are defined by simple punched holes conforming to the shape of the nuts, other means may be used to lock the one or more of the nuts against rotation. For example, suitable passages preventing relative rotation of the nuts relative to the yoke 10 itself might be defined by tubular projections which completely encircle each nut or by projections which define passages that are largely open, but sufficient to physically obstruct rotation of the nuts. It is also within the ambit of the present invention to lock the nuts against rotation by providing locking means which simply obstruct tool access to the nuts, as for example, housings which are positioned to conceal the nuts either partially or totally.
The steel material of the yoke 30 is sufficiently resilient that the arrn portions 34, 36 can be elastically separated to permit simultaneous location of the passages about the associated valve and cap nuts. To locate the yoke 30 Otl the hydrant 12, the passage 40 of the arrn portion 34 may be located about the cap nut 26, the other arm portion 36 may be deflected away from the ann portion 34 to permit the passage 38 in the base portion 32 to be located about the valve nut 14, and thenreleased to locate the passage 42 associated ~;vith the arm portion 36 to locate about the cap nut 28. The yoke 30 will then be seated solely on the valve and cap nu~s in much the configuration illustrated in fig. 1. To remove the yoke 30 from the hydrant 12, as to access the cap and valve nuts, the arm portion 36 may once again be displacedelastically away from the other arm portion 34, and the steps of the mounting procedure reversed. It will be appreciated that this arrangement perrnits the device 10 to be quickly installed and, perhaps more critically, very quickly removed.
The yoke 30 can be removed from the hydrant 12 only by relative displacement of the two arm portions 34, 36. The yoke 30 is secured against casual removal by means of a circular metal strap clamp 44 of the type commoniy used tosecure large cargo boxes and the like. To that end, the arm portions 34, 36 are formed with strap guides 46, 48 which serve to properly locate and retain the strap clamp 44.
The strap guide 48 associated with the arrn portion 36 is typical. The strap guide 48 is formed by displacing a portion 50 of metal (as during a die-cutting opera~ion before bending of the metal plate constituting the yoke 30) from the associated arm portion 36 to define a passage (illustrated but not indicated) between the metal portion 50 and the associated arm portion 36. Once the yoke 30 is installed on the three hydrant nuts, the strap clamp 44 can be extended through the strap guides 46, 48, tightened with aconventional apparatus appropriate for such purposes and the ends of the strap clamp 44 crimp-fastened with a conventional fastener 52. The ~astener 52 may be sprayed with an appropriate paint to give a visual indication whether someone has surreptitiously tampered with the strap clamp 44, as by loosening and then re-engaging the fastener 52.
To remove the yoke 30, it is first necessary to break the strap clamp 44. This can be done by inserting the handle of the wrench commonly used to operate the valve and cap nuts between one of the housing outlets 16, 18 and the strap clamp 44 itself. The wrench may then be pivoted downwardly using the hydrant housing 20 as a fulcrum point to snap the strap clamp 44.
A major problem with hydrants, as mentioned above, is undetected actuation of the internal water flow valve. If the hydrant caps have not been removed, the tampering may not be apparent, and there is no indication that the hydrant housing is in fact full of water. In most instances, vandals may be expected to remove the strap clamp 44 or yoke 30 of the device 10 in its entirety so that tampering will be readily apparent. An inspector can be reasonably satisfied that if the securing device 10 is properly seated on the hydrant 12, the valve nut 14 has not be n rotated. If thesecuring device 10 has been removed, or the strap clamp ~ interfered with, there is a ~a233~
visual indication of tampering. This very significantly simpli~les the inspection of hydrants and significantly reduces associated labour costs. In this aspect of the invention, it will be apparent that securing of the outlet caps 22, 24 themselves is not essential, and that the advantages described could be obtained even if the passages 40, 42 were not dimensioned or shaped to prevent rotation of the sap nuts 2~, 28.
It will be appreciated that a particular hydrant securing device has been described for purposes of illustrating the principles and features of the invention and that modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit of the invention or the scope of the appended clairns.
In particular, it should be noted that the one-piece, die-cut and bent yoke 30 represents a particularly inexpensive way of constructing the generally U-shapçd structure required to simultaneously lock the thuee nuts associated with a hydrant such as the hydrant 12. The elasticity of the constituent metal is re]ied upon to permit the relative separation of the portion of the U-shaped structure necessary to perrnit installation and removal. However, it is fully within the ambit of the invention to form the U-shaped structure by providing a hinge joint for example at the base portion of the U-shape which perrnits one ann portion to pivot relative to the other thereby permitting the required relative separation. In fact, the U-shaped structure may be formed by a plurality of components: for example, one arm portion can be terminated at an upper end with a perpendicular tab which inserts into a slot formed in the base portion, thereby de~ming a separable hinge joint that permits the required simultaneous location about the valve and cap nuts. Such a device would comprisetwo completely separate elements prior to installation and subsequent to removal but would define a U-shaped structure when seated on the hydrant itsel~. The parts of the IJ-shaped structure may alternatively be adapted to interlock when seated on thehydrant. These are only particular examples of alternative arrangernents and other arrangements within the ambit of the present invention are possible.
~23~
In hydrants having more than two hydrant outlets, a somewhat rarer form of hydrant, additional downwardly-extending arm portions may be attached tothe U-shaped stlucture to accommodate the additional outlets. If forrned of an appropriate resilient material or hinged, these may be conveniently located about the additional cap or valve nuts to be secured. The strap clamp securing means described herein may be extended around all such arm portions to prevent removal of the hydrant secunng device. Such arrangements and equivalents thereof are regarded as corning within the ambit of the present invention as claimed.
Strap clamps have been described as appropriate means for securing the portions of the U-shaped structure against relative separation. These are pre-ferred for reasons of low-cost and simplicity of manufacture and use, and are regarded as suitable for most applications. How~ver, the securing means may be made more complex and more difficult to overcome if this is deemed advisable. For example, one might attach hinged hori~ontal arms to the arrn portion 34 which can be pivoted into contact with the arm portion 36 and which carry transverse hinged plates that locate against the outer surface of the ann portion 36. One transverse plate n~ght comprise an eye-loop and the other, a slot which receives the eye-loop. Accordingly, ~ padloclc may be inserted into the eye-loop to lock the two horizontal arms and to provide a more positive mechanism against separation of the arm portions of the yoke and removal of the hydrant securing device. Such measures are more costly and also do not lend themselves to as rapid removal of the hydrant securing device in the event of a fire. These might be considered in neighbourhoods where vandals would be expected to go to greater lengths to tamper with a hydrant. Once again, the use of such hinged arms and a padlock represents only one possible alternative to the strap clamp securing means suggested herein, and other alternatives may be used which come within theambit of the invention.
Claims (35)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. A device for securing a hydrant having at least three nuts which can be rotated to open hydrant valves or outlets, comprising:
means which seat on the hydrant to define a generally U-shaped structure engaging each of the three nuts, the generally U-shaped structure having nut locking means which locate about the three nuts when the generally U-shaped structure is seated on the hydrant for preventing rotation of each of the three nuts relative to the hydrant, the generally U-shaped structure being removable from the hydrant only by displacing portions of the generally U-shaped structure relative to one another; and, securing means for preventing relative displacement of the structure portions such that the generally U-shaped structure can be locked to the hydrant.
means which seat on the hydrant to define a generally U-shaped structure engaging each of the three nuts, the generally U-shaped structure having nut locking means which locate about the three nuts when the generally U-shaped structure is seated on the hydrant for preventing rotation of each of the three nuts relative to the hydrant, the generally U-shaped structure being removable from the hydrant only by displacing portions of the generally U-shaped structure relative to one another; and, securing means for preventing relative displacement of the structure portions such that the generally U-shaped structure can be locked to the hydrant.
2. A hydrant securing device as claimed in claim 1 in which:
the generally U-shaped structure comprises a base portion and a pair of opposing arm portions;
the nut locking means comprise a first passage formed in the base portion, a second passage formed in one arm portion and a third passage formed in the other arm portion, each passage being positioned for location about a different ones of the three nuts when the generally U-shaped structure seats on the hydrant and being shaped to prevent rotation of the associated nut relative to the generally U-shaped structure.
the generally U-shaped structure comprises a base portion and a pair of opposing arm portions;
the nut locking means comprise a first passage formed in the base portion, a second passage formed in one arm portion and a third passage formed in the other arm portion, each passage being positioned for location about a different ones of the three nuts when the generally U-shaped structure seats on the hydrant and being shaped to prevent rotation of the associated nut relative to the generally U-shaped structure.
3. A hydrant securing device as claimed in claim 2 in which the generally U-shaped structure is a one-piece member formed of a material sufficiently resilient that the arm portions can be displaced elastically relative to one another to permit location of the passages about the three nuts and to permit disengagement of the passages from the three nuts and removal of the generally U-shaped structure from the hydrant.
4. A hydrant securing device as claimed in claim 3 in which the securing means comprise:
strap clamp means for joining the two arm portions;
means associated with the arm portions for receiving and locating the strap clamp means.
strap clamp means for joining the two arm portions;
means associated with the arm portions for receiving and locating the strap clamp means.
5. A hydrant securing device as claimed in claim 1 specifically adapted for a hydrant in which one of the three nuts is vertically oriented and located uppermost on the hydrant and the other two nuts are horizontally oriented and located on opposing sides of the hydrant, the generally U-shaped structure comprising a base portion and a pair of opposing arm portions, the nut locking means comprise a first passage formed in the base portion, a second passage formed in one arm portion and a third passage formed in the other arm portion, each passage being positioned for location about a different ones of the three nuts and being shaped to prevent rotation of the associated nut relative to the generally U-shaped structure, the generally U-shaped structure being seated on the hydrant solely by locating each passage over an associated nut.
6. A hydrant securing device as claimed in claim 1 in which the generally U-shaped structure is a one-piece member formed of a material sufficiently resilient that the structure portions can be displaced elastically relative to one another to permit location of the nut locking means about the three nuts and to permit removal of the generally U-shaped structure from the hydrant.
7. A device for use in locking a hydrant having an exposed valve nut and a pair of opposing side outlet caps, each cap being threaded onto a hydrant outlet and having a cap nut by means of which the cap can be rotated relative to the housing outlet, the device comprising:
a one-piece yoke having a generally U-shaped configuration including a base portion and a pair of opposing arm portions, the yoke having a passage formed in the base portion and dimensioned to locate about the valve nut, a passage formed in one arm portion and dimensioned to locate about one cap nut and a passage formed in the other arm portion and dimensioned to locate about the other cap nut, the passages being positioned for simultaneous location about the valve and cap nuts, each passage being shaped to prevent rotation of the associated nut relative to the yoke;
the yoke being formed of a material sufficiently resilient that the arm portions can be elastically separated to permit simultaneous location of the passages about the associated valve and cap nuts and removal of the passages from the associated valve and cap nuts;
securing means acting between the arm portions for preventing separation of the arm portions.
a one-piece yoke having a generally U-shaped configuration including a base portion and a pair of opposing arm portions, the yoke having a passage formed in the base portion and dimensioned to locate about the valve nut, a passage formed in one arm portion and dimensioned to locate about one cap nut and a passage formed in the other arm portion and dimensioned to locate about the other cap nut, the passages being positioned for simultaneous location about the valve and cap nuts, each passage being shaped to prevent rotation of the associated nut relative to the yoke;
the yoke being formed of a material sufficiently resilient that the arm portions can be elastically separated to permit simultaneous location of the passages about the associated valve and cap nuts and removal of the passages from the associated valve and cap nuts;
securing means acting between the arm portions for preventing separation of the arm portions.
8. A hydrant securing device as claimed in claim 7 in which the yoke is formed of an elongate metal plate bent to the generally U-shaped configuration and having the passages cut therein.
9. A hydrant securing device as claimed in claim 7 in which the securing means comprise a strap clamp.
10. A hydrant securing device as claimed in claim 8 in which a strap guide is formed in each of the arm portions, each strap guide comprising a portion of metal displaced from the associated arm portion to define a passage between the metal portion and the associated arm portion.
11. A device for use in securing an exposed valve nut associated with a hydrant, the hydrant having opposing side outlet caps, each cap being threaded onto a hydrant outlet and having a cap nut, the device comprising:
means which seat on the hydrant to define a generally U-shaped structure engaging at least the valve nut, the generally U-shaped structure having nut locking means which locate about at least the valve nut when the generally U-shaped structure is seated on the hydrant for preventing rotation of at least the valve nut, the generally U-shaped structure being removable from the hydrant only by displacing portions of the generally U-shaped structure relative to one another; and, securing means for preventing relative displacement of the structure portions whereby the generally U-shaped structure can be locked to the hydrant.
means which seat on the hydrant to define a generally U-shaped structure engaging at least the valve nut, the generally U-shaped structure having nut locking means which locate about at least the valve nut when the generally U-shaped structure is seated on the hydrant for preventing rotation of at least the valve nut, the generally U-shaped structure being removable from the hydrant only by displacing portions of the generally U-shaped structure relative to one another; and, securing means for preventing relative displacement of the structure portions whereby the generally U-shaped structure can be locked to the hydrant.
12. A hydrant securing device as claimed in claim 11 in which:
the generally U-shaped structure comprises a base portion and a pair of opposing arm portions;
the generally U-shaped structure comprises a first passage formed in the base portion, a second passage formed in one arm portion and a third passage formed in the other arm portion, the passages being so positioned the first passage can be located about the valve nut and the second and third passages can be located respectively about one of the cap nuts and the other one of the cap nuts when the generally U-shaped structure seats on the hydrant, the first passage being shaped to prevent rotation of the valve nut relative to the generally U-shaped structure.
the generally U-shaped structure comprises a base portion and a pair of opposing arm portions;
the generally U-shaped structure comprises a first passage formed in the base portion, a second passage formed in one arm portion and a third passage formed in the other arm portion, the passages being so positioned the first passage can be located about the valve nut and the second and third passages can be located respectively about one of the cap nuts and the other one of the cap nuts when the generally U-shaped structure seats on the hydrant, the first passage being shaped to prevent rotation of the valve nut relative to the generally U-shaped structure.
13. A hydrant securing device as claimed in claim 12 in which the generally U-shaped structure is a one-piece member formed of a material sufficiently resilient that the arm portions can be displaced elastically relative to one another to permit location of the passages about the three nuts and to permit disengagement of the passages from the three nuts and removal of the generally U-shaped structure from the hydrant.
14. A hydrant securing device as claimed in claim 13 in which the securing means comprise:
strap clamp means for joining the two arm portions;
means associated with the arm portions for receiving and locating the strap clamp means.
strap clamp means for joining the two arm portions;
means associated with the arm portions for receiving and locating the strap clamp means.
15. A device for use in securing an exposed valve nut which is one of a plurality of valve or cap nuts associated with a fire hydrant, comprising:
means which seat about the plurality of nuts to define a structure connecting the plurality of nuts, the structure having nut locking means which locate about at least the valve nut when the structure is seated on the hydrant nuts for preventing rotation of at least the valve nut, the structure being removable from the hydrant only by displacing portions of the structure relative to one another;
securing means for preventing relative displacement of the structure portions so that the structure is locked to the hydrant.
means which seat about the plurality of nuts to define a structure connecting the plurality of nuts, the structure having nut locking means which locate about at least the valve nut when the structure is seated on the hydrant nuts for preventing rotation of at least the valve nut, the structure being removable from the hydrant only by displacing portions of the structure relative to one another;
securing means for preventing relative displacement of the structure portions so that the structure is locked to the hydrant.
16. A hydrant securing device as claimed in claim 15 in which the structure comprises a plurality of passages, the passages being so positioned that each passage can be located about a different one of the plurality of nuts.
17. A hydrant securing device as claimed in claim 16 in which the structure is a one-piece member formed of a material sufficiently resilient that the structure portions can be displaced elastically relative to one another to permit location of the passages about the plurality of nuts and to permit disengagement of the passages from the plurality of nuts and removal of the structure from the hydrant.
18. A hydrant securing device as claimed in claim 17 in which the passage associated with the valve nut is shaped to prevent rotation of the valve nut relative to the structure.
19. Apparatus for use in securing a hydrant having at least three nuts which can be rotated to open hydrant valves or outlets, comprising means which seat on the hydrant to define a generally U-shaped structure engaging each of the three nuts, the generally U-shaped structure having nut locking means which locate about the three nuts when the generally U-shaped structure is seated on the hydrant for preventing rotation of each of the three nuts relative to the hydrant, the generally U-shaped structure being removable from the hydrant only by displacing portions of the generally U-shaped structure relative to one another.
20. Apparatus as claimed in claim 19 in which:
the generally U-shaped structure comprises a base portion and a pair of opposing arm portions;
the nut locking means comprise a first passage formed in the base portion, a second passage formed in one arm portion and a third passage formed in the other arm portion, each passage being positioned for location about a different ones of the three nuts when the generally U-shaped structure seats on the hydrant and being shaped to prevent rotation of the associated nut relative to the generally U-shaped structure.
the generally U-shaped structure comprises a base portion and a pair of opposing arm portions;
the nut locking means comprise a first passage formed in the base portion, a second passage formed in one arm portion and a third passage formed in the other arm portion, each passage being positioned for location about a different ones of the three nuts when the generally U-shaped structure seats on the hydrant and being shaped to prevent rotation of the associated nut relative to the generally U-shaped structure.
21. Apparatus as claimed in claim 20 in which the generally U-shaped structure is a one-piece member formed of a material sufficiently resilient that the arm portions can be displaced elastically relative to one another to permit location of the passages about the three nuts and to permit disengagement of the passages from the three nuts and removal of the generally U-shaped structure from the hydrant.
22. Apparatus as claimed in claim 21 adapted to co-operate with strap clamp securing means to prevent relative displacement of the arm portions, each arm portion comprising means for receiving and locating the strap clamp means.
23. Apparatus as claimed in claim 19 specifically adapted for a hydrant in which one of the three nuts is vertically oriented and located uppermost on the hydrant and the other two nuts are horizontally oriented and located on opposing sides of the hydrant, the generally U-shaped structure comprising a base portion and a pair of opposing arm portions, the nut locking means comprise a first passage formed in the base portion, a second passage formed in one arm portion and a third passage formed in the other arm portion, each passage being positioned for location about a different ones of the three nuts and being shaped to prevent rotation of the associated nut relative to the generally U-shaped structure, the generally U-shaped structure being seated on the hydrant solely by locating each passage over an associated nut.
24. Apparatus as claimed in claim 19 in which the generally U-shaped structure is a one-piece member formed of a material sufficiently resilient that the structure portions can be displaced elastically relative to one another to permit location of the nut locking means about the three nuts and to permit removal of the generally U-shaped structure from the hydrant.
25. Apparatus for use in securing an exposed hydrant valve nut and a pair of opposing side outlet caps, each cap being threaded onto a hydrant outlet and having a cap nut by means of which the cap can be rotated relative to the housing outlet, the apparatus comprising:
a one-piece yoke having a generally U-shaped configuration including a base portion and a pair of opposing arm portions, the yoke having a passage formed in the base portion and dimensioned to locate about the valve nut, a passage formed in one arm portion and dimensioned to locate about the cap nut and a passage formed in the other arm portion and dimensioned to locate about the other cap nuts the passages being positioned for simultaneous location about the valve and cap nuts, each passage being shaped to prevent rotation of the associated nut relative to the yoke;
the yoke being formed of a material sufficiently resilient that the arm portions can be elastically separated to permit simultaneous location of the passages about the associated valve and cap nuts and removal of the passages from the associated valve and cap nuts.
a one-piece yoke having a generally U-shaped configuration including a base portion and a pair of opposing arm portions, the yoke having a passage formed in the base portion and dimensioned to locate about the valve nut, a passage formed in one arm portion and dimensioned to locate about the cap nut and a passage formed in the other arm portion and dimensioned to locate about the other cap nuts the passages being positioned for simultaneous location about the valve and cap nuts, each passage being shaped to prevent rotation of the associated nut relative to the yoke;
the yoke being formed of a material sufficiently resilient that the arm portions can be elastically separated to permit simultaneous location of the passages about the associated valve and cap nuts and removal of the passages from the associated valve and cap nuts.
26. Apparatus as claimed in claim 25 in which the yoke is formed of an elongate metal plate bent to the generally U-shaped configuration and having the passages cut therein.
27. Apparatus as claimed in claim 26 in which a strap guide is formed in each of the arm portions, each strap guide comprising a portion of metal displaced from the associated arm portion to define a passage between the metal portion and the associated arm portion.
28. Apparatus for use in securing an exposed valve nut associated with a hydrant, the hydrant having opposing side outlet caps, each cap being threaded onto a hydrant outlet and having a cap nut, the apparatus comprising means which seat on the hydrant to define a generally U-shaped structure the valve and cap nuts, the generally U-shaped structure having nut locking means which locate about at least the valve nut when the generally U-shaped structure is seated on the hydrant for preventing rotation of at least the valve nut, the generally U-shaped structure being removable from the hydrant only by displacing portions of the generally U-shaped structure relative to one another.
29. Apparatus as claimed in claim 28 in which:
the generally U-shaped structure comprises a base portion and a pair of opposing arm portions;
the generally U-shaped structure comprises a first passage formed in the base portion, a second passage formed in one arm portion and a third passage formed in the other arm portion, the passages being so positioned the first passage can be located about the valve nut and the second and third passages can be located respectively about the second and third nuts when the generally U-shaped structure seats on the hydrant, the first passage being shaped to prevent rotation of the valve nut relative to the generally U-shaped structure.
the generally U-shaped structure comprises a base portion and a pair of opposing arm portions;
the generally U-shaped structure comprises a first passage formed in the base portion, a second passage formed in one arm portion and a third passage formed in the other arm portion, the passages being so positioned the first passage can be located about the valve nut and the second and third passages can be located respectively about the second and third nuts when the generally U-shaped structure seats on the hydrant, the first passage being shaped to prevent rotation of the valve nut relative to the generally U-shaped structure.
30. Apparatus as claimed in claim 29 in which the generally U-shaped structure is a one-piece member formed of a material sufficiently resilient that the arm portions can be displaced elastically relative to one another to permit location of the passages about the three nuts and to permit disengagement of the passages from the three nuts and removal of the generally U-shaped structure from the hydrant.
31. Apparatus as claimed in claim 30 adapted for use with strap clamp securing means that prevent relative separation of the two arm portions, each arm portions comprising means for receiving and locating the strap clamp means.
32. Apparatus for use in securing an exposed valve nut which is one of a plurality of valve or cap nuts associated with a fire hydrant, comprising means which seat about the plurality of hydrant nuts to define a structure connecting the plurality of nuts, the structure having nut locking means which locate about at least the valve nut when the structure is seated on the hydrant nuts for preventing rotation of at least the valve nut, the structure being removable from the hydrant only by displacing portions of the structure relative to one another.
33. Apparatus as claimed in claim 32 in which the structure comprises a plurality of passages, the passages being so positioned that each passage can be located about a different one of the plurality of nuts.
34. Apparatus as claimed in claim 33 in which the structure is a one-piece member formed of a material sufficiently resilient that the structure portions can be displaced elastically relative to one another to permit location of the passages about the plurality of nuts and to permit disengagement of the passages from the plurality of nuts and removal of the structure from the hydrant.
35. Apparatus as claimed in claim 34 in which the passage associated with the valve nut is shaped to prevent rotation of the valve nut relative to the structure.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000533607A CA1233808A (en) | 1987-04-01 | 1987-04-01 | Hydrant securing device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000533607A CA1233808A (en) | 1987-04-01 | 1987-04-01 | Hydrant securing device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1233808A true CA1233808A (en) | 1988-03-08 |
Family
ID=4135350
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000533607A Expired CA1233808A (en) | 1987-04-01 | 1987-04-01 | Hydrant securing device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1233808A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112878434A (en) * | 2021-01-19 | 2021-06-01 | 吴景兵 | Fire hydrant convenient to quick connection hosepipe connects |
-
1987
- 1987-04-01 CA CA000533607A patent/CA1233808A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112878434A (en) * | 2021-01-19 | 2021-06-01 | 吴景兵 | Fire hydrant convenient to quick connection hosepipe connects |
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| MKEX | Expiry |