CA1232557A - Lined vessels - Google Patents
Lined vesselsInfo
- Publication number
- CA1232557A CA1232557A CA000416641A CA416641A CA1232557A CA 1232557 A CA1232557 A CA 1232557A CA 000416641 A CA000416641 A CA 000416641A CA 416641 A CA416641 A CA 416641A CA 1232557 A CA1232557 A CA 1232557A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- vessel
- lining
- lined
- wall
- glass fiber
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D90/00—Component parts, details or accessories for large containers
- B65D90/02—Wall construction
- B65D90/04—Linings
- B65D90/046—Flexible liners, e.g. loosely positioned in the container
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
- Details Of Rigid Or Semi-Rigid Containers (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
LINED VESSELS
ABSTRACT
A lining for a vessel useful for containing liquids and the like, the lining being capable of ready installation within the vessel, is provided by a lining which com-prises a glass fiber-reinforced laminate and an inter-mediate layer disposed between the glass fiber-rein-forced laminate and the surface of the vessel wall to be lined. The intermediate layer is desirably made up of a fine-pore size, preferably closed-pore, foam material, such as a thermoplastic foam, e.g. polyethylene foam. The glass fiber-reinforced laminate, desirably a dense, substantially impervious, chemical-resistant, laminate or covering, is adhered to the intermediate layer and is desirably disposed within the vessel so as to be substantially self-supporting therein. The lined vessel could be, for example, a steel vessel or a concrete or a brick-lined vessel.
ABSTRACT
A lining for a vessel useful for containing liquids and the like, the lining being capable of ready installation within the vessel, is provided by a lining which com-prises a glass fiber-reinforced laminate and an inter-mediate layer disposed between the glass fiber-rein-forced laminate and the surface of the vessel wall to be lined. The intermediate layer is desirably made up of a fine-pore size, preferably closed-pore, foam material, such as a thermoplastic foam, e.g. polyethylene foam. The glass fiber-reinforced laminate, desirably a dense, substantially impervious, chemical-resistant, laminate or covering, is adhered to the intermediate layer and is desirably disposed within the vessel so as to be substantially self-supporting therein. The lined vessel could be, for example, a steel vessel or a concrete or a brick-lined vessel.
Description
r ~7 BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Lined tanks, such as lined steel tanks or lined concrete tanks, have been employed as containers for various liquids and chemicals. The lining of such tanks are usually made of chemical-resistant materials so that the integrity of the lining can be better maintained during use and to withstand attack by chemicals which may be put into the container and/or come into contact with the lining thereof.
In the manufacture of a lined steel vessel a primer coat is usually applied to the base metal surface which has been previously prepared, such as by sandblasting.
In the case of a concrete container the surface of the concrete, prior to the application of the lining thereto, should be dry and substantially free of oil and dust. Desirably, in the case of a concrete or brick-lined vessel, particularly an old vessel which may have a rough and/or cracked surface, a plastic filler material is applied to the tank surface to provide a smooth surface thereon, following which the coating is applied to the thus-treated surface.
Because of the resulting substantially rigid connection of the subsequently applied lining to the intermediate, smooth filler coating and because of the resulting rigid connection between the filler coating and the wall of the vessel, settling movements and subsequent cracks in the wall of the vessel would be transmitted to the lining with the likely formation of cracks in the lining itself. Therefore, it has been the practice in the preparation of lined containers, particularly lined concrete vessels, to carefully prepare the surfaces thereof prior to installing a lining thereon.
In the case of vessels, especially old concrete or brick-lined vessels which usually do not possess the required tensile strength and often have cracks on the surfaces thereof the application of linings to such old vessels has been a difficult time-consuming operation.
Acccordingly, it is an object of this invention to lo provide an improved lining for vessels, such as steel vessels, concrete vessels or brick-lined vessels and the like.
It is another object of this invention to provide a vessel lining, and resulting lined vessel, wherein the linings within such vessels are capable of being substantially self-supporting therein.
It is yet another object of this invention to provide a lining or lined tank which does not require a great deal of preliminary work prior to the installation of the lining and/or the fabrication of the lined vessels.
Yet another object of this invention is to provide a lining for old tanks or vessels which present an eroded, rough and/or cracked surface such that the rough or cracked surface of the vessel, including cracks which might occur after the installation of the lining, does not detract from or lessen or otherwise interfere with the integrity of the lining applied to the tank or vessel surface.
How these and other objects of this invention are achieved will become apparent in the light of the accompanying disclosure made with reference to the acompanying drawings wherein:
Fig. 1 schematically illustrates in partial vertical cross-section a concrete tank provided with a lining in accordance with the practices of this invention.
Fig. 2 schematically illustrates in partial vertical cross-section one embodiment of a linlng in accordance with this invention.
Fig. 3 schematically illustrates in partial vertical cross-section another embodiment of a lining in accordance with the practices of this invention; and wherein Fig. 4 schematically illustrates yet another embodiment of a vessel lining in accordance with the practices of this invention.
SUGARY OF THE INVENTION
A lining for a vessel, and the lined vessel, in accordance with the practices of this invention comprises a fiber-reinforced laminate coating.
Intermediate the fiber-reinforced laminate coating and the surface of the vessel to be lined, there is disposed an intermediate layer comprising soft elastic material. This intermediate layer is positioned against or adhered to the surface of a wall of the 1 vessel and the fiber-reinforced laminate coating is then applied to the other surface of the intermediate layer of the soft elastic material. The intermediate layer comprising soft elastic materiàl substantially reduces or prevents the transfer of stresses and shocks from the wall of the vessel to the protective fiber-reinforced laminate coating.
The fiber-reinforced laminate coating, such as a glass fiber-reinforced laminate having high tensile strength, o is preferably made up of chemically-resistant materials, especially when corrosive materials, such as chemicals, fill or occupy the lined vessel. The make-up of fiber-reinforced laminate coatings which are chemically-resistant and which possess high strength are well known and are readily available.
The intermediate layer comprising the soft elastic material positioned between the fiber-reinforced laminate coating and the inner wall of the vessel, a steel or concrete or brick-lined vessel, preferably comprises fine pore foam plastic materials, desirable closed pore foam plastic material e.g. polyethylene or polyuyrethane foam. The intermediate layer is placed or adhered to the surface of the vessel to be lined by means of any suitable adhesive material, especially an adhesive which tends not to harden and kecome rigid, having in mind that the intermediate soft elastic plastic material and the adhesive material applied to the wall of the tank or vessel to fix or adhere the soft elastic intermediate layer thereto is protected by the outer fiber-reinforced laminate coating which is chemically-resistant, substantially impervious and therefore should serve well to protect the intermediate layer of soft elastic material as well as the tank i` 7 --5~
itself from any corrosive attack due to the liquid contents of the lined container or vessel. As indicated, therefore, substantially any thermoplastic foam material is useful to make up the intermediate layer of the soft elastic material component of the lining. The intermediate layer of soft elastic material, as indicated, is directly adhered to the wall of the tank to be lined. Tf desired, the wall of the tank may be pretreated, such as by sandblastins and cleaning or by application of a filler lo to a cement or brick-lined tank, to smooth out any roughness and fill in any cracks in the wall prior to the application of the soft elastic intermediate layer material thereto. The soft elastic material which may be coated with an adhesive prior to application to the prepared tank or vessel wall or the adhesive material may be placed directly onto the prepared surface of the tank wall and the soft elastic material layer applied directly thereto. The soft elastic material is convenient-ly applied in the form of slabs, such as one foot by one foot or one foot by one-half foot or one foot by four feet slabs or other sizes, and having a suitable thickness, such as in the range from about 0.5 to about 4 inches, more or less.
After the tank wall has been prepared to the desi ed extent, such as to completely cover the interior of the tank, the high tensile strength or fiber-reinforced laminate coating is applied. The fiber-reinforced laminate is conveniently applied in the form of strips or lengths. The adherence of the fiber-reinforced laminate coatlng to the soft elastic intermediate layer can be accomplished by applying an adhesive material to the surface of the glass fiber laminate coating to be applied to the intermediate layer or by applying an adhesive coating to the intermediate layer before P.`~7 1 applying the fiber-reinforced laminate coating material thereto. Sufficient overlap is arranged between any adjacent strips so as to completely cover the interior surface of the tank or vessel to be coated or especially to cover the already laid down or applied intermediate layer of soft elastic material and also to prevent leakage of the liquid tank contents into contact with the intermediate layer and tank wall.
In a special embodiment of the practices of this lo invention, the fiber-reinforced laminate coating is applied so that it is substantially self-supporting or is supported by its own tensile strength within the lined container, like a shell suspended in the vessel or container. In this special embodiment the upper edge or portion of the fiber-reinforced laminate coating would be attached directly to the upper edge and/or lip or flange, if any, of the container with the result that the thus-attached fiber-reinforced laminate coating would, in effect, be hung or suspended from the upper edge or top of the lined vessel or container and be substantially self-supporting therein.
For tall or deep vessels, the fiber-reinforced laminate coating can be directly attached at locations intermediate the top and the bottom of the tank or vessel to support elements or members or which are fixed or fastened directly to the wall of the container or vessel. In this embodiment, as indicated, the fiber-reinforced laminate coating would be directly fixed or attached to the surface of the support members. The fiber-reinforced laminate coating would also be attached to the inter-mediate layer of soft elastic material at those locations or areas of the tank not occupied by the support members.
-; r--7 1 More particularly, the glass fiber-reinforced laminate coating would be directly attached to the support members fixed to the tank wall in addition to being adhered to the intermediate layer of soft elastic material which occupies the remaining area of the tank wall. The support members, as indicated, are preferably fastened or fixed to the inner wall of the tank and the fiber-reinforced laminate coating adhered or fixed thereto as well as to the surrounding intermedia.e layer of soft lo elastic material. The support members may be of any suitable shape and may comprise vertical struts suitably disposed within the tank and fixed to the tank wall or in the case of axially symmetrical vessels, such as cylindrical vessels, circular support members or circular segments thereof may be fixed to the wall at suitable locations within the vessel so as to provide sufficient surface for adhesion of the fiber-reinforced laminate coating thereto so that the coating would be substantially self-supporting within the vessel. The support members within the vessel may comprise any suitable material, such as steel, glass fiber-reinforced plastic materials and the like.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Reference is now made to the drawings for a more detailed description of the invention, particularly the special lining of this invention. In the figures in the drawings and as shown in Fis. 1, there is schematically illustrated in partial vertical cross-section a cylindrical concrete vessel wall 1. The interior of the vessel is provided with a glass fiber-reinforced laminate coating or lining 2, such as a roving laminate or a mat laminate or a sprayed fiber laminate wherein the fiberglass imparts sufficient tensile strength to the laminate coating so that it is at least to some extent substantially 1 self-supporting. Around the upper edge of vessel wall 1, lining 2 is firmly adhered or bonded thereto directly.
In the remaining portions or region polyethylene foam panels 4 are positioned and adhered to the inner surface 3 of vessel wall 1 and lining 2, as illustrated.
As polyethylene foam panels 4 are placed against surface 3 of concrete vessel wall 1, panels 4, as indicated, are adhered thereto. This arrangement permits easy assembly of foam panels 4 directly onto the surface 3 lo of the vessel wall 1.
At vertical intervals or positions within the interior of the vessel, preferably about the upper edge of vessel wall 1, lining 2 is fixed to steel rings 5 or steel ring segments 5' which are fixed to vessel wall 1 by means of dowels 6 and dowel screws 7. In the inter-mediate regions the glass fiber-reinforced laminate coating or lining 2 lies only loosely adhered against foam panels 4 and, as illustrated, the glass fiber-reinforced laminate coating 2 is hung from and substan-tially supports itself from the top of vessel wall 1.
The vertical distances and/or horizontal distance between rings 5 or ring segments 5' are determined to avoid bulging or sagging of the glass fiber-reinforced laminate coating 2 so suspended from vessel wall 1.
Instead of rings 5 or ring segments 5' or in addition thereto, spaced apart vertical supporting strut members 5'' can be provided fixed to vessel wall 1 to support the glass fiber-reinforced laminate coating 2. As illustrated in Fig. 1, the bottom edge or corners 8 and/or the bottom of vessel wall 1 is smoothed and rounded off with a coating of plastic material 9, such as putty, so as to avoid sharp bends in the fiber-reinforced laminate coating applied to the vessel wall 1 at the bottom of the vessel.
1 In accordance with the practices of this invention surface 3 of vessel wall 1 need not receive any special preparation. For example, surface 3 of vessel wall 1 can be uneven, have a surface made up of old, loose brick work or loose coatings thereon, such as the remains of a previously laid down old surface coating.
Surface 3 and vessel wall 1 may have cracks but still be satisfactorily lined in accordance with this invention. The presence of intermediate foam panels 4 lo of soft elastic material prevents any disruption or damage or undesirable serious effect to the subsequent-ly laid down glass fiber-reinforced laminate coating because of the condition or nature of surface 3 of vessel wall 1.
Referring now to Fig. 2 of the drawings, there is illustrated therein another modification or embodiment of the practices of thls invention. As illustrated in Fig. 2, lining 2 is attached or fixed to the upper edge of vessel wall 1. In the arrangement in the embodiment illustrated in Fig. 2, circular steel ring 5 is fixed to the top or upper inside edge of vessel wall 1 and is adhesively attached to lining 2. Steel ring 5 is fixed to the upper end or top of vessel wall 1 to the inside surface 3 in the manner illustrated in Fig 1, i.e. by - means of projections or dowels 6 and dowel screws 7, which serve to fix ring 5 to the top inside surface of vessel wall 1. As illustrated, the thickness of support ring 5 is substantially the same as the soft elastic lining 4 with the result that when lining 2 is adhesively fixed directly to ring 5 and loosely adhered to foam panels 4, lining 2 presents a smooth surface within the vessel so lined. Ring support elements 5, like support elements 5a and ring segments 5', may be comprised of any suitable material for the direct firm r--~7 l fixed adherence of lining 2 thereto. Suitable such materials which may be employed in the make-up of support ring 5 of ring segments 5' or struts 5a, which may be, if desired, adhesively fixed or cemented to the inside surface of vessel wall 1, comprise steel or glass fiber or other fiber-reinforced plastic material.
Reference is now made to Fig. 3 of the drawings, which illustrates yet another embodiment of the practices of this invention. In the embodiment illustrated in Fig.
lo 3, the fiber~reinforced lining, such as glass fiber-reinforced lining 2, is glued to vertical disposed circular or ring strips or supporting elements 5'', which are conveniently made of a synthetic resin concrete. Ring supporting elements 5' or segments thereof are conveniently inserted or mounted in grooves 6 provided on the inside of vessel wall 1. As illustrated therein, see also Figs. l and 2, the elastic soft panels 4 are adhered to the inside surface of vessel wall 4 between support ring elements 5''. In the embodiment of Fig. 3, as in the embodiments of Figs. 1 and 2 of this invention, lining 2 is fixed through support elements 5'' to vessel wall l so as to be Jung or suspended therein and only loosely attached to the elastic foam panels 4, which are, in turn, fairly loosely adhered to surface 3 of vessel wall 1.
Still another embodiment of the practices of this invention is illustrated in Fig. 4. As illustrated in Fig. 4, glass fiber-reinforced lining 2 is internally reinforced by glass fiber-reinforced ribs 2a which are also useful, when lining 2 is installed in a tank, as vortex breakers in a stirrer-equipped vessel. Ribs 2a increase the strength of lining 2 so that additional areas of attachment to vessel wall l, such as via ring ~3 1 support elements 5 and the like, need not be provided or fewer may be required.
In general, in the practices of this invention, although a glass fiber-reinforced laminate liner is usefully employed as the vessel liner, substantially any fiber-reinforced laminate or liner material may be employed. Desirably, the lining material possesses high tensile strength, is substantially chemially inert or resistant to the vessel contents and is substantially - lo unitary in structure to better avoid or prevent any leakage between the lining and the tank wall structure itself. A high tensile strength lining material serves better to suspend or hang the lining from the wall of the vessel without requiring additional support or adherence to the soft elastic foam panels provided intermediate the lining and the vessel wall. The lining is only loosely adhered to the soft elastic panels between the lining and the vessel wall and the soft elastic panels, in turn, are adhesively fixed or loosely adhered to the vessel wall.
As will be apparent to those skilled in the art in the light of the foregoing disclosure, many modifications, alterations and substitutions are possible in the practices of this invention without departing from the spirit or scope thereof.
Lined tanks, such as lined steel tanks or lined concrete tanks, have been employed as containers for various liquids and chemicals. The lining of such tanks are usually made of chemical-resistant materials so that the integrity of the lining can be better maintained during use and to withstand attack by chemicals which may be put into the container and/or come into contact with the lining thereof.
In the manufacture of a lined steel vessel a primer coat is usually applied to the base metal surface which has been previously prepared, such as by sandblasting.
In the case of a concrete container the surface of the concrete, prior to the application of the lining thereto, should be dry and substantially free of oil and dust. Desirably, in the case of a concrete or brick-lined vessel, particularly an old vessel which may have a rough and/or cracked surface, a plastic filler material is applied to the tank surface to provide a smooth surface thereon, following which the coating is applied to the thus-treated surface.
Because of the resulting substantially rigid connection of the subsequently applied lining to the intermediate, smooth filler coating and because of the resulting rigid connection between the filler coating and the wall of the vessel, settling movements and subsequent cracks in the wall of the vessel would be transmitted to the lining with the likely formation of cracks in the lining itself. Therefore, it has been the practice in the preparation of lined containers, particularly lined concrete vessels, to carefully prepare the surfaces thereof prior to installing a lining thereon.
In the case of vessels, especially old concrete or brick-lined vessels which usually do not possess the required tensile strength and often have cracks on the surfaces thereof the application of linings to such old vessels has been a difficult time-consuming operation.
Acccordingly, it is an object of this invention to lo provide an improved lining for vessels, such as steel vessels, concrete vessels or brick-lined vessels and the like.
It is another object of this invention to provide a vessel lining, and resulting lined vessel, wherein the linings within such vessels are capable of being substantially self-supporting therein.
It is yet another object of this invention to provide a lining or lined tank which does not require a great deal of preliminary work prior to the installation of the lining and/or the fabrication of the lined vessels.
Yet another object of this invention is to provide a lining for old tanks or vessels which present an eroded, rough and/or cracked surface such that the rough or cracked surface of the vessel, including cracks which might occur after the installation of the lining, does not detract from or lessen or otherwise interfere with the integrity of the lining applied to the tank or vessel surface.
How these and other objects of this invention are achieved will become apparent in the light of the accompanying disclosure made with reference to the acompanying drawings wherein:
Fig. 1 schematically illustrates in partial vertical cross-section a concrete tank provided with a lining in accordance with the practices of this invention.
Fig. 2 schematically illustrates in partial vertical cross-section one embodiment of a linlng in accordance with this invention.
Fig. 3 schematically illustrates in partial vertical cross-section another embodiment of a lining in accordance with the practices of this invention; and wherein Fig. 4 schematically illustrates yet another embodiment of a vessel lining in accordance with the practices of this invention.
SUGARY OF THE INVENTION
A lining for a vessel, and the lined vessel, in accordance with the practices of this invention comprises a fiber-reinforced laminate coating.
Intermediate the fiber-reinforced laminate coating and the surface of the vessel to be lined, there is disposed an intermediate layer comprising soft elastic material. This intermediate layer is positioned against or adhered to the surface of a wall of the 1 vessel and the fiber-reinforced laminate coating is then applied to the other surface of the intermediate layer of the soft elastic material. The intermediate layer comprising soft elastic materiàl substantially reduces or prevents the transfer of stresses and shocks from the wall of the vessel to the protective fiber-reinforced laminate coating.
The fiber-reinforced laminate coating, such as a glass fiber-reinforced laminate having high tensile strength, o is preferably made up of chemically-resistant materials, especially when corrosive materials, such as chemicals, fill or occupy the lined vessel. The make-up of fiber-reinforced laminate coatings which are chemically-resistant and which possess high strength are well known and are readily available.
The intermediate layer comprising the soft elastic material positioned between the fiber-reinforced laminate coating and the inner wall of the vessel, a steel or concrete or brick-lined vessel, preferably comprises fine pore foam plastic materials, desirable closed pore foam plastic material e.g. polyethylene or polyuyrethane foam. The intermediate layer is placed or adhered to the surface of the vessel to be lined by means of any suitable adhesive material, especially an adhesive which tends not to harden and kecome rigid, having in mind that the intermediate soft elastic plastic material and the adhesive material applied to the wall of the tank or vessel to fix or adhere the soft elastic intermediate layer thereto is protected by the outer fiber-reinforced laminate coating which is chemically-resistant, substantially impervious and therefore should serve well to protect the intermediate layer of soft elastic material as well as the tank i` 7 --5~
itself from any corrosive attack due to the liquid contents of the lined container or vessel. As indicated, therefore, substantially any thermoplastic foam material is useful to make up the intermediate layer of the soft elastic material component of the lining. The intermediate layer of soft elastic material, as indicated, is directly adhered to the wall of the tank to be lined. Tf desired, the wall of the tank may be pretreated, such as by sandblastins and cleaning or by application of a filler lo to a cement or brick-lined tank, to smooth out any roughness and fill in any cracks in the wall prior to the application of the soft elastic intermediate layer material thereto. The soft elastic material which may be coated with an adhesive prior to application to the prepared tank or vessel wall or the adhesive material may be placed directly onto the prepared surface of the tank wall and the soft elastic material layer applied directly thereto. The soft elastic material is convenient-ly applied in the form of slabs, such as one foot by one foot or one foot by one-half foot or one foot by four feet slabs or other sizes, and having a suitable thickness, such as in the range from about 0.5 to about 4 inches, more or less.
After the tank wall has been prepared to the desi ed extent, such as to completely cover the interior of the tank, the high tensile strength or fiber-reinforced laminate coating is applied. The fiber-reinforced laminate is conveniently applied in the form of strips or lengths. The adherence of the fiber-reinforced laminate coatlng to the soft elastic intermediate layer can be accomplished by applying an adhesive material to the surface of the glass fiber laminate coating to be applied to the intermediate layer or by applying an adhesive coating to the intermediate layer before P.`~7 1 applying the fiber-reinforced laminate coating material thereto. Sufficient overlap is arranged between any adjacent strips so as to completely cover the interior surface of the tank or vessel to be coated or especially to cover the already laid down or applied intermediate layer of soft elastic material and also to prevent leakage of the liquid tank contents into contact with the intermediate layer and tank wall.
In a special embodiment of the practices of this lo invention, the fiber-reinforced laminate coating is applied so that it is substantially self-supporting or is supported by its own tensile strength within the lined container, like a shell suspended in the vessel or container. In this special embodiment the upper edge or portion of the fiber-reinforced laminate coating would be attached directly to the upper edge and/or lip or flange, if any, of the container with the result that the thus-attached fiber-reinforced laminate coating would, in effect, be hung or suspended from the upper edge or top of the lined vessel or container and be substantially self-supporting therein.
For tall or deep vessels, the fiber-reinforced laminate coating can be directly attached at locations intermediate the top and the bottom of the tank or vessel to support elements or members or which are fixed or fastened directly to the wall of the container or vessel. In this embodiment, as indicated, the fiber-reinforced laminate coating would be directly fixed or attached to the surface of the support members. The fiber-reinforced laminate coating would also be attached to the inter-mediate layer of soft elastic material at those locations or areas of the tank not occupied by the support members.
-; r--7 1 More particularly, the glass fiber-reinforced laminate coating would be directly attached to the support members fixed to the tank wall in addition to being adhered to the intermediate layer of soft elastic material which occupies the remaining area of the tank wall. The support members, as indicated, are preferably fastened or fixed to the inner wall of the tank and the fiber-reinforced laminate coating adhered or fixed thereto as well as to the surrounding intermedia.e layer of soft lo elastic material. The support members may be of any suitable shape and may comprise vertical struts suitably disposed within the tank and fixed to the tank wall or in the case of axially symmetrical vessels, such as cylindrical vessels, circular support members or circular segments thereof may be fixed to the wall at suitable locations within the vessel so as to provide sufficient surface for adhesion of the fiber-reinforced laminate coating thereto so that the coating would be substantially self-supporting within the vessel. The support members within the vessel may comprise any suitable material, such as steel, glass fiber-reinforced plastic materials and the like.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Reference is now made to the drawings for a more detailed description of the invention, particularly the special lining of this invention. In the figures in the drawings and as shown in Fis. 1, there is schematically illustrated in partial vertical cross-section a cylindrical concrete vessel wall 1. The interior of the vessel is provided with a glass fiber-reinforced laminate coating or lining 2, such as a roving laminate or a mat laminate or a sprayed fiber laminate wherein the fiberglass imparts sufficient tensile strength to the laminate coating so that it is at least to some extent substantially 1 self-supporting. Around the upper edge of vessel wall 1, lining 2 is firmly adhered or bonded thereto directly.
In the remaining portions or region polyethylene foam panels 4 are positioned and adhered to the inner surface 3 of vessel wall 1 and lining 2, as illustrated.
As polyethylene foam panels 4 are placed against surface 3 of concrete vessel wall 1, panels 4, as indicated, are adhered thereto. This arrangement permits easy assembly of foam panels 4 directly onto the surface 3 lo of the vessel wall 1.
At vertical intervals or positions within the interior of the vessel, preferably about the upper edge of vessel wall 1, lining 2 is fixed to steel rings 5 or steel ring segments 5' which are fixed to vessel wall 1 by means of dowels 6 and dowel screws 7. In the inter-mediate regions the glass fiber-reinforced laminate coating or lining 2 lies only loosely adhered against foam panels 4 and, as illustrated, the glass fiber-reinforced laminate coating 2 is hung from and substan-tially supports itself from the top of vessel wall 1.
The vertical distances and/or horizontal distance between rings 5 or ring segments 5' are determined to avoid bulging or sagging of the glass fiber-reinforced laminate coating 2 so suspended from vessel wall 1.
Instead of rings 5 or ring segments 5' or in addition thereto, spaced apart vertical supporting strut members 5'' can be provided fixed to vessel wall 1 to support the glass fiber-reinforced laminate coating 2. As illustrated in Fig. 1, the bottom edge or corners 8 and/or the bottom of vessel wall 1 is smoothed and rounded off with a coating of plastic material 9, such as putty, so as to avoid sharp bends in the fiber-reinforced laminate coating applied to the vessel wall 1 at the bottom of the vessel.
1 In accordance with the practices of this invention surface 3 of vessel wall 1 need not receive any special preparation. For example, surface 3 of vessel wall 1 can be uneven, have a surface made up of old, loose brick work or loose coatings thereon, such as the remains of a previously laid down old surface coating.
Surface 3 and vessel wall 1 may have cracks but still be satisfactorily lined in accordance with this invention. The presence of intermediate foam panels 4 lo of soft elastic material prevents any disruption or damage or undesirable serious effect to the subsequent-ly laid down glass fiber-reinforced laminate coating because of the condition or nature of surface 3 of vessel wall 1.
Referring now to Fig. 2 of the drawings, there is illustrated therein another modification or embodiment of the practices of thls invention. As illustrated in Fig. 2, lining 2 is attached or fixed to the upper edge of vessel wall 1. In the arrangement in the embodiment illustrated in Fig. 2, circular steel ring 5 is fixed to the top or upper inside edge of vessel wall 1 and is adhesively attached to lining 2. Steel ring 5 is fixed to the upper end or top of vessel wall 1 to the inside surface 3 in the manner illustrated in Fig 1, i.e. by - means of projections or dowels 6 and dowel screws 7, which serve to fix ring 5 to the top inside surface of vessel wall 1. As illustrated, the thickness of support ring 5 is substantially the same as the soft elastic lining 4 with the result that when lining 2 is adhesively fixed directly to ring 5 and loosely adhered to foam panels 4, lining 2 presents a smooth surface within the vessel so lined. Ring support elements 5, like support elements 5a and ring segments 5', may be comprised of any suitable material for the direct firm r--~7 l fixed adherence of lining 2 thereto. Suitable such materials which may be employed in the make-up of support ring 5 of ring segments 5' or struts 5a, which may be, if desired, adhesively fixed or cemented to the inside surface of vessel wall 1, comprise steel or glass fiber or other fiber-reinforced plastic material.
Reference is now made to Fig. 3 of the drawings, which illustrates yet another embodiment of the practices of this invention. In the embodiment illustrated in Fig.
lo 3, the fiber~reinforced lining, such as glass fiber-reinforced lining 2, is glued to vertical disposed circular or ring strips or supporting elements 5'', which are conveniently made of a synthetic resin concrete. Ring supporting elements 5' or segments thereof are conveniently inserted or mounted in grooves 6 provided on the inside of vessel wall 1. As illustrated therein, see also Figs. l and 2, the elastic soft panels 4 are adhered to the inside surface of vessel wall 4 between support ring elements 5''. In the embodiment of Fig. 3, as in the embodiments of Figs. 1 and 2 of this invention, lining 2 is fixed through support elements 5'' to vessel wall l so as to be Jung or suspended therein and only loosely attached to the elastic foam panels 4, which are, in turn, fairly loosely adhered to surface 3 of vessel wall 1.
Still another embodiment of the practices of this invention is illustrated in Fig. 4. As illustrated in Fig. 4, glass fiber-reinforced lining 2 is internally reinforced by glass fiber-reinforced ribs 2a which are also useful, when lining 2 is installed in a tank, as vortex breakers in a stirrer-equipped vessel. Ribs 2a increase the strength of lining 2 so that additional areas of attachment to vessel wall l, such as via ring ~3 1 support elements 5 and the like, need not be provided or fewer may be required.
In general, in the practices of this invention, although a glass fiber-reinforced laminate liner is usefully employed as the vessel liner, substantially any fiber-reinforced laminate or liner material may be employed. Desirably, the lining material possesses high tensile strength, is substantially chemially inert or resistant to the vessel contents and is substantially - lo unitary in structure to better avoid or prevent any leakage between the lining and the tank wall structure itself. A high tensile strength lining material serves better to suspend or hang the lining from the wall of the vessel without requiring additional support or adherence to the soft elastic foam panels provided intermediate the lining and the vessel wall. The lining is only loosely adhered to the soft elastic panels between the lining and the vessel wall and the soft elastic panels, in turn, are adhesively fixed or loosely adhered to the vessel wall.
As will be apparent to those skilled in the art in the light of the foregoing disclosure, many modifications, alterations and substitutions are possible in the practices of this invention without departing from the spirit or scope thereof.
Claims (6)
IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. A vessel provided with a lining comprising a glass fiber reinforced laminate, and an intermediate layer of closed-pore foam material which is disposed between the lining and an inner wall of the vessel and adhered to the latter, characterized in that the lining only at an upper edge of the vessel is directly attached thereto, the lining being directly attached to at least one intermediate supporting structure fixed to the inner wall of the vessel in a loose and self-supporting manner in the remaining regions.
2. The vessel of claim 1 characterized in that the intermediate supporting layers in substantially rotational-symmetrical vessels are rings.
3. The vessel of claim 1 characterized in that the intermediate supporting layers in substantially rotational-symmetrical vessels are ring segments.
4. The vessel of any one of claims 1, 2 or 3 characterized in that the intermediate supporting layers are fixed to the inner wall of the vessel by means of dowels.
5. The vessel of any one of claims 1, 2 or 3 characterized in that the intermediate supporting layers consist of steel.
6. The vessel of any one of claims 1, 2 or 3 characterized in that the intermediate supporting layers consist of glass fiber.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19813147452 DE3147452A1 (en) | 1981-12-01 | 1981-12-01 | CONTAINER WITH A LINING |
| DEP3147452.7 | 1981-12-01 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1232557A true CA1232557A (en) | 1988-02-09 |
Family
ID=6147574
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000416641A Expired CA1232557A (en) | 1981-12-01 | 1982-11-30 | Lined vessels |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0081173B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE25226T1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU563589B2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1232557A (en) |
| DE (2) | DE3147452A1 (en) |
| HK (1) | HK26190A (en) |
| SG (1) | SG3990G (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2344308A (en) * | 1998-12-01 | 2000-06-07 | New Lake International Limited | Lining tanks |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2539075B1 (en) * | 1983-01-06 | 1985-09-27 | Coopetanche Sa | METHOD OF INTERIOR TRIM OF A TANK AND RESERVOIRS THUS PRODUCED |
| EP0505534A1 (en) * | 1990-10-12 | 1992-09-30 | Owens-Corning Fiberglas Corporation | Storage tank having secondary containment |
| DE102009032650B4 (en) | 2009-06-18 | 2013-05-16 | Plasticon Germany Gmbh | Fastening device for a lining material |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3135420A (en) * | 1962-06-22 | 1964-06-02 | Du Pont | Container for corrosive liquids |
| BE659691A (en) * | 1964-02-14 | |||
| GB1172102A (en) * | 1967-05-26 | 1969-11-26 | A I R Air Conditioning And Ref | Thermally Insulated Container |
| US3738527A (en) * | 1970-11-18 | 1973-06-12 | J Townsend | Method of manufacturing and liner for liquid storage tank |
| DE2601094A1 (en) * | 1976-01-14 | 1977-07-21 | Mierau Albert | Plastic lined pressurised water tank - has porous plastics blanket vacuum formed to tank metal beneath plastics lining |
| FR2425996A1 (en) * | 1978-05-19 | 1979-12-14 | Rudloff Claude | Reinforcing lining for reconditioning fuel oil storage tank - is applied by roller using minimal amounts of material |
-
1981
- 1981-12-01 DE DE19813147452 patent/DE3147452A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1982
- 1982-11-27 DE DE8282110994T patent/DE3275285D1/en not_active Expired
- 1982-11-27 AT AT82110994T patent/ATE25226T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1982-11-27 EP EP82110994A patent/EP0081173B1/en not_active Expired
- 1982-11-29 AU AU90958/82A patent/AU563589B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1982-11-30 CA CA000416641A patent/CA1232557A/en not_active Expired
-
1990
- 1990-01-16 SG SG39/90A patent/SG3990G/en unknown
- 1990-04-04 HK HK261/90A patent/HK26190A/en unknown
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2344308A (en) * | 1998-12-01 | 2000-06-07 | New Lake International Limited | Lining tanks |
| GB2344308B (en) * | 1998-12-01 | 2003-03-12 | New Lake Internat Ltd | Tank lining |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| HK26190A (en) | 1990-04-12 |
| DE3275285D1 (en) | 1987-03-05 |
| SG3990G (en) | 1990-10-26 |
| EP0081173B1 (en) | 1987-01-28 |
| ATE25226T1 (en) | 1987-02-15 |
| DE3147452A1 (en) | 1983-07-28 |
| AU563589B2 (en) | 1987-07-16 |
| AU9095882A (en) | 1983-06-09 |
| EP0081173A1 (en) | 1983-06-15 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |