CA1222244A - Plate type heat exchanger - Google Patents
Plate type heat exchangerInfo
- Publication number
- CA1222244A CA1222244A CA000516202A CA516202A CA1222244A CA 1222244 A CA1222244 A CA 1222244A CA 000516202 A CA000516202 A CA 000516202A CA 516202 A CA516202 A CA 516202A CA 1222244 A CA1222244 A CA 1222244A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- plates
- heat exchanger
- plate type
- type heat
- plate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
- F28D9/0031—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other
- F28D9/0037—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other the conduits for the other heat-exchange medium also being formed by paired plates touching each other
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
Abstract
PLATE TYPE HEAT EXCHANGER
Inventor: G. Robert Gress Guelph, Ontario ABSTRACT
A plate type heat exchanger is described which allows the transfer of heat between two streams of gas and which can be configured for cross or counter flow. The invention relates to the shape and attachment of the plates to form the neccessary chutes or ducts.
Plate type heat exchangers normally employ brazing, crimping, or other post-fastening of the plate edges or flanges to produce the alternating gas stream chutes. By utilizing plates with specially shaped edges, this invention requires no such fastening. The heat exchanger plates of the present invention, being identical, bond together with an interference fit of their flanges. Consequently, except for its outer casing, the entire heat exchanger consists of only one pluralized component.
Inventor: G. Robert Gress Guelph, Ontario ABSTRACT
A plate type heat exchanger is described which allows the transfer of heat between two streams of gas and which can be configured for cross or counter flow. The invention relates to the shape and attachment of the plates to form the neccessary chutes or ducts.
Plate type heat exchangers normally employ brazing, crimping, or other post-fastening of the plate edges or flanges to produce the alternating gas stream chutes. By utilizing plates with specially shaped edges, this invention requires no such fastening. The heat exchanger plates of the present invention, being identical, bond together with an interference fit of their flanges. Consequently, except for its outer casing, the entire heat exchanger consists of only one pluralized component.
Description
~L~2~4~
PLATE TYPE HEAT EXCHANGER
Inventor: Go Robert Gress Guelph, Ontario ABSTRACT
A plate type heat exchanger is described which allows the transfer of heat between two streams of gas and which can be configured for cross or counter flow. The invention relates to the shape and attachment of the plates to form the neccessary chutes or ducts.
Plate type heat exchangers normally employ brazing, crimping, or other post-fastening of the plate edges or flanges to produce the alternating gas stream chutes. By utilizing plates with specially shaped edges, this invention requires no such fastening. The heat exchanger plates of the present invention, being identical, bond together with an interference fit of their flanges. Consequently, except for its outer casing, the entire heat exchanger consists of only one pluralized component.
SPECIFICATION
The present invention relates in general to a plate type gas to gas heat exchanger used in such applications as commercial and residential heat recovery, and more particularly to a plate type heat exchanger having a plurality of thin rectangular plates and simplicity in its construction.
Plate type heat exchangers have used solid bars or channel-shaped pieces bonded to the plate edges to form the neccessary side closures of the exchanger passages. Others, such as that shown in U.S. Patent No. Re.
16,807, have eliminated the need for seperate side closures by utilizing exchanger plates with adjacent edges bent in opposite directions. These heat exchangers, however, have required either other parts (U.S. Patent No.
PLATE TYPE HEAT EXCHANGER
Inventor: Go Robert Gress Guelph, Ontario ABSTRACT
A plate type heat exchanger is described which allows the transfer of heat between two streams of gas and which can be configured for cross or counter flow. The invention relates to the shape and attachment of the plates to form the neccessary chutes or ducts.
Plate type heat exchangers normally employ brazing, crimping, or other post-fastening of the plate edges or flanges to produce the alternating gas stream chutes. By utilizing plates with specially shaped edges, this invention requires no such fastening. The heat exchanger plates of the present invention, being identical, bond together with an interference fit of their flanges. Consequently, except for its outer casing, the entire heat exchanger consists of only one pluralized component.
SPECIFICATION
The present invention relates in general to a plate type gas to gas heat exchanger used in such applications as commercial and residential heat recovery, and more particularly to a plate type heat exchanger having a plurality of thin rectangular plates and simplicity in its construction.
Plate type heat exchangers have used solid bars or channel-shaped pieces bonded to the plate edges to form the neccessary side closures of the exchanger passages. Others, such as that shown in U.S. Patent No. Re.
16,807, have eliminated the need for seperate side closures by utilizing exchanger plates with adjacent edges bent in opposite directions. These heat exchangers, however, have required either other parts (U.S. Patent No.
2,368,814),brazing (U.S. Patent No. 2,959,401), or fasteners (U.S. Patent No. 4,308,915) to hold the plates together and so form the adjacent chutes or passages.
A second class of plate type heat exchanger~ such as that shown in U.S.
Patent No. 4,384,611, employs a continuous foil strip formed into successive U-bends, thereby providing a plurality of foil partitions which define adjacent flow passages. Aside from still requiring end caps or some other method of ciosing the extremeties of the passages, these heat exchangers are not as easily cleaned as one with removable plates.
An object of the present invention is to provide a plate type heat exchanger with plates that are easily manufactured and require no forementioned fastening or other parts when assembled to form the heat exchanger core.
Another object of this invention is to provide a plate type heat exchanger having plates that are easily removable - seperately or in bulk - so as to simplify their cleaning. y ~2~224~
Still another object of this invention i8 to provide a plate type heat exchanger that can be configured for either cross or counter flow with no change in the design and construction of the exchanger core and its plates.
Only the overall dimensions of the plates and their number would vary with the application.
Fig. 1 is a perspective exploded view of two of the plates comprising an exchanger core that incorporate the preferred embodiment of this invention.
Fig. 2 is a top view of the two plates shown in Fig. 1 after assembly.
Fig. 3 is a perspective view of a complete heat exchanger core assembled from the plates shown in Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a perspective view of a complete counter flow heat exchanger with the core shown in Fig. 2 installed.
Fig. 5 is a perspective view of a complete cross flow heat exchanger with the core shown in Fig. 2 installed.
The internal chute assembly of the heat exchanger is a duplication of a single rectangular plate 1 (of Fig. 1), whose four corners are notched and its four major edges rolled to form nearly semicircular lips 2. These lips alternately curl front and back so that opposite lips become a similar pair.
Positioned front to front or back to back with an identical plate 3, the two plates snap or slide togeth0r with an interference fit, the lips of one scrolling and enclosing those of the other, as illustrated in Fig. 2.
The complete heat exchanger internal assembly shown in Fig. 3 is constructed by continuing to stack plates in this fashion. Flow passages are thus formed whose directions alternate perpendicularly.
Placing the assembly described above into the appropriate sxternal ducting produces the complete heat exchanger. Fig. 4 depicts an arrangement for counter flow and Fig 5. for cross flow using the same core assembly. Corner sealing strips 5 are required to prevent mixing of the two fluids.
The curled lips or side closures 2 will normally provide sufficient stiffening of the plates to prevent their buckling or bowing to any great degree. However, for very large plates it is recomended that the four lips of any one plate be either all in compression or all in tension. This is so that the bending of a plate due to the interference fit in one direction be compensated by that in the other.
The lips or side enclosures 2, (Fig. 2) of this invention are self sealing in that they are forced further together by any pressure differential that may exist betwe0n the inside and outside of the flow channel. This together with the plates having burr-free edges will provide adequate sealing of the gas streams for most applications. For high pressure differentials, however, a sealing tape or paste should be applied to the plates lips before assembly.
,~
~,2z2~4 With the mode of construction of the present invention, temperature differences between the gas streams do not affect the sealing of the flow passages. Since each plate is in contact with both a hot and a cold gas stream, the average temperature of all the plates is the same, and therefore all experience the same expansion or contractionD This allows the interference fit of the plates lips to be maintained and consequently sealing of the passages is not affected by varying gas temperatu~es.
Because of the mode of construction of this invention the assembled core (Fig. 3) is elastic and compressible in a direction normal to the plane surfaces of its plates. This allows that the plate spacing need not be dimensionaly exact for the core to fit within the heat exchanger outer casing (Fig. s 4 and 5). The assembled core can be made oversized (using a plate SpRCirlg larger than the design value) and then installed in the casing by squeezing its plates together. This method of installation is in fact desirable since the free lips of the first and last plates of the core will be forced against the inner walls of the casing, thus forming and completing proper flow passages at those locations. It will also enhance the sealing of all passage side enclosures. In the same way, this elastiity of the core will allow thermal expansion to occur without extra provision.
It is not neccessary to maintain positive contact of the outer surfaces of the plates lips with the walls of the exchanger casing since the side enclosures formed by the lips alone provide the neccsessary sealing of the two gas streams. Therefore the plates can be made undersized to allow for thermal expansion in the directions parallel to their plane surfaces.
Though it is true that high tolerances need to be maintained when producing parts for an interference fit, this is of no difficulty in the present invention. Here, identical parts mate with each other, and therefore in production one must ensure only that the processes used do not vary from part to part. This is a much easier task than keeping tight mating tolerances when producing, say, two different parts.
The heat transfer efficiency of this invention can be improved over that of a flat plate in the same manner it is improved in other plate type heat exchangers. The surfaces of the plates can be dimpled so as to protrude into the gas flow, and fan-fold fins can be inserted into the flow passages.
Both these methods will also increase the rigidity of the plates for high pressure applications.
Because round side enclosures (Fig. 2) are ideally suited to the construction of this invention, a heat exchanger incorporating the embodiment will incur inherently low pressure losses in operation. The curved edges of the flow passages offer less resistance to the incoming adjacent flow than do the square edges of typical plate type heat exchangers, and consequently the pressure loss through the exchanger will be lower.
A second class of plate type heat exchanger~ such as that shown in U.S.
Patent No. 4,384,611, employs a continuous foil strip formed into successive U-bends, thereby providing a plurality of foil partitions which define adjacent flow passages. Aside from still requiring end caps or some other method of ciosing the extremeties of the passages, these heat exchangers are not as easily cleaned as one with removable plates.
An object of the present invention is to provide a plate type heat exchanger with plates that are easily manufactured and require no forementioned fastening or other parts when assembled to form the heat exchanger core.
Another object of this invention is to provide a plate type heat exchanger having plates that are easily removable - seperately or in bulk - so as to simplify their cleaning. y ~2~224~
Still another object of this invention i8 to provide a plate type heat exchanger that can be configured for either cross or counter flow with no change in the design and construction of the exchanger core and its plates.
Only the overall dimensions of the plates and their number would vary with the application.
Fig. 1 is a perspective exploded view of two of the plates comprising an exchanger core that incorporate the preferred embodiment of this invention.
Fig. 2 is a top view of the two plates shown in Fig. 1 after assembly.
Fig. 3 is a perspective view of a complete heat exchanger core assembled from the plates shown in Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a perspective view of a complete counter flow heat exchanger with the core shown in Fig. 2 installed.
Fig. 5 is a perspective view of a complete cross flow heat exchanger with the core shown in Fig. 2 installed.
The internal chute assembly of the heat exchanger is a duplication of a single rectangular plate 1 (of Fig. 1), whose four corners are notched and its four major edges rolled to form nearly semicircular lips 2. These lips alternately curl front and back so that opposite lips become a similar pair.
Positioned front to front or back to back with an identical plate 3, the two plates snap or slide togeth0r with an interference fit, the lips of one scrolling and enclosing those of the other, as illustrated in Fig. 2.
The complete heat exchanger internal assembly shown in Fig. 3 is constructed by continuing to stack plates in this fashion. Flow passages are thus formed whose directions alternate perpendicularly.
Placing the assembly described above into the appropriate sxternal ducting produces the complete heat exchanger. Fig. 4 depicts an arrangement for counter flow and Fig 5. for cross flow using the same core assembly. Corner sealing strips 5 are required to prevent mixing of the two fluids.
The curled lips or side closures 2 will normally provide sufficient stiffening of the plates to prevent their buckling or bowing to any great degree. However, for very large plates it is recomended that the four lips of any one plate be either all in compression or all in tension. This is so that the bending of a plate due to the interference fit in one direction be compensated by that in the other.
The lips or side enclosures 2, (Fig. 2) of this invention are self sealing in that they are forced further together by any pressure differential that may exist betwe0n the inside and outside of the flow channel. This together with the plates having burr-free edges will provide adequate sealing of the gas streams for most applications. For high pressure differentials, however, a sealing tape or paste should be applied to the plates lips before assembly.
,~
~,2z2~4 With the mode of construction of the present invention, temperature differences between the gas streams do not affect the sealing of the flow passages. Since each plate is in contact with both a hot and a cold gas stream, the average temperature of all the plates is the same, and therefore all experience the same expansion or contractionD This allows the interference fit of the plates lips to be maintained and consequently sealing of the passages is not affected by varying gas temperatu~es.
Because of the mode of construction of this invention the assembled core (Fig. 3) is elastic and compressible in a direction normal to the plane surfaces of its plates. This allows that the plate spacing need not be dimensionaly exact for the core to fit within the heat exchanger outer casing (Fig. s 4 and 5). The assembled core can be made oversized (using a plate SpRCirlg larger than the design value) and then installed in the casing by squeezing its plates together. This method of installation is in fact desirable since the free lips of the first and last plates of the core will be forced against the inner walls of the casing, thus forming and completing proper flow passages at those locations. It will also enhance the sealing of all passage side enclosures. In the same way, this elastiity of the core will allow thermal expansion to occur without extra provision.
It is not neccessary to maintain positive contact of the outer surfaces of the plates lips with the walls of the exchanger casing since the side enclosures formed by the lips alone provide the neccsessary sealing of the two gas streams. Therefore the plates can be made undersized to allow for thermal expansion in the directions parallel to their plane surfaces.
Though it is true that high tolerances need to be maintained when producing parts for an interference fit, this is of no difficulty in the present invention. Here, identical parts mate with each other, and therefore in production one must ensure only that the processes used do not vary from part to part. This is a much easier task than keeping tight mating tolerances when producing, say, two different parts.
The heat transfer efficiency of this invention can be improved over that of a flat plate in the same manner it is improved in other plate type heat exchangers. The surfaces of the plates can be dimpled so as to protrude into the gas flow, and fan-fold fins can be inserted into the flow passages.
Both these methods will also increase the rigidity of the plates for high pressure applications.
Because round side enclosures (Fig. 2) are ideally suited to the construction of this invention, a heat exchanger incorporating the embodiment will incur inherently low pressure losses in operation. The curved edges of the flow passages offer less resistance to the incoming adjacent flow than do the square edges of typical plate type heat exchangers, and consequently the pressure loss through the exchanger will be lower.
Claims (2)
What is claimed is:
1. A method of making a plate type heat exchanger, the steps consisting of forming the sides of the plates in approximately semicircular bends with adjacent sides alternating directionally front and back, all said plates being exactly the same, fastening consecutive plates to one another by aligning their similar sides towards each other and pressing the plates together so that the two sides of one plate slightly close and those of the other slightly open and enclose those of the former, assembling the plates in said manner to the desired core size, and placing the core within the major ducting or outer casing.
2. A plate type heat exchanger comprising a plurality of parallel plates with the two opposite edges thereof bent in a circular manner and embracing the corresponding edges of an adjacent plate ,and with all plates spaced as a result of said edges.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000516202A CA1222244A (en) | 1986-08-18 | 1986-08-18 | Plate type heat exchanger |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000516202A CA1222244A (en) | 1986-08-18 | 1986-08-18 | Plate type heat exchanger |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1222244A true CA1222244A (en) | 1987-05-26 |
Family
ID=4133752
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000516202A Expired CA1222244A (en) | 1986-08-18 | 1986-08-18 | Plate type heat exchanger |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1222244A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2057434A4 (en) * | 2006-08-17 | 2013-01-16 | Dana Canada Corp | Alternating plate headerless heat exchangers |
-
1986
- 1986-08-18 CA CA000516202A patent/CA1222244A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2057434A4 (en) * | 2006-08-17 | 2013-01-16 | Dana Canada Corp | Alternating plate headerless heat exchangers |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |