CA1220447A - Continuous extrusion apparatus - Google Patents
Continuous extrusion apparatusInfo
- Publication number
- CA1220447A CA1220447A CA000452101A CA452101A CA1220447A CA 1220447 A CA1220447 A CA 1220447A CA 000452101 A CA000452101 A CA 000452101A CA 452101 A CA452101 A CA 452101A CA 1220447 A CA1220447 A CA 1220447A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- mandrel
- continuous extrusion
- extrusion apparatus
- die
- grooves
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Landscapes
- Extrusion Of Metal (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT.
Apparatus for the continuous extrusion of metals in which feed is introduced into a pair of circumferential grooves 4 (Figure 4) in a rotating wheel 2 to contact arcuate tooling 14 and abutments 24. The feed is constrained by the abutments 24 to flow through exit apertures 32 in a die top 28 from the respective grooves 4 to a substantially toroidal chamber 34 around a hollow, open ended, portal mandrel 42 to extrude through an annular die orifice 38 as a cladding for a continuous core 44. Cooling air may be supplied to the interior of the cladding, which is subsequently swaged down on to the core. A solid mandrel may be utilised where it is desired to extrude tube.
Apparatus for the continuous extrusion of metals in which feed is introduced into a pair of circumferential grooves 4 (Figure 4) in a rotating wheel 2 to contact arcuate tooling 14 and abutments 24. The feed is constrained by the abutments 24 to flow through exit apertures 32 in a die top 28 from the respective grooves 4 to a substantially toroidal chamber 34 around a hollow, open ended, portal mandrel 42 to extrude through an annular die orifice 38 as a cladding for a continuous core 44. Cooling air may be supplied to the interior of the cladding, which is subsequently swaged down on to the core. A solid mandrel may be utilised where it is desired to extrude tube.
Description
~a2~ L7 " CONTINUC)US EXTRUSION APPARATUS . '7 __ D SCRIPTION.
This invention relates to apparatus for the ~orming of metals by a continuous extrusion process in which feedstock is introduced into a circumferential groove in a 5. rotating wheel to pass into a passageway formed between the groove and arcuate tooling extending into the groove. The tooling includes an orifice extending in a generally radial direction from the groove to a die and an 10 o abutment is provided to constrain the feedstock to flow through the orifice and the die.
.In UK Patent Specification No. 1 566 152 there is described continuous extrusion apparatus.having a rotatable wheel formed with 15. two identical circumferential grooves, arcuate tooling with portions bounding radially outer portions of the respective grooves provided with exit apertures extending in a generally radial direction from the respective grooves to a 20. single chamber of generally parallelepiped form and one or more die orifices supplied from the single chamber.
The die orifices are positioned in wall portions of the single chamber of generally 25. parallelepiped form and discharge either through an outer wall in a direction generally radially ; of the wheel or through side walls in a : dire~tion generally parallel to the wheel axis.
With such a configuration with the dies . 30. positioned in the walls, it is necessary to -
This invention relates to apparatus for the ~orming of metals by a continuous extrusion process in which feedstock is introduced into a circumferential groove in a 5. rotating wheel to pass into a passageway formed between the groove and arcuate tooling extending into the groove. The tooling includes an orifice extending in a generally radial direction from the groove to a die and an 10 o abutment is provided to constrain the feedstock to flow through the orifice and the die.
.In UK Patent Specification No. 1 566 152 there is described continuous extrusion apparatus.having a rotatable wheel formed with 15. two identical circumferential grooves, arcuate tooling with portions bounding radially outer portions of the respective grooves provided with exit apertures extending in a generally radial direction from the respective grooves to a 20. single chamber of generally parallelepiped form and one or more die orifices supplied from the single chamber.
The die orifices are positioned in wall portions of the single chamber of generally 25. parallelepiped form and discharge either through an outer wall in a direction generally radially ; of the wheel or through side walls in a : dire~tion generally parallel to the wheel axis.
With such a configuration with the dies . 30. positioned in the walls, it is necessary to -
- 2 utilise bridge dies, that is die mandrels supported on bridge webs located on the wall, to produce tubular extrusions~ The presence o the bridge webs gives rise to weld lines in the .
5. extrusion, which, on occasion, it is desirable to avoid.
In a continuous extrusion apparatus according to the present invention the exit apertures Pxtend through a die top from the 10~ respective ~rooves to a substantially toroidal chamber around a portal mandrel discharging axially of the mandrel through a die orifice of uninterrupted annular cross-section intermediate the mandrel and a die body wall.
15. The invention will now be described, by way of example r with reference to the accompanying, partly diagrammatic, drawings, in which:-Figure 1 is a cross-sec~ional elevation of 20. continuous extrusion apparatus omitting de~ails of a die portion;
Figure 2 is a cross-sectional elevation of a die portion adapted to produce tube;
Figure 3 is a cross-section taken on the 25~ line III-III of Figure 2;
.
5. extrusion, which, on occasion, it is desirable to avoid.
In a continuous extrusion apparatus according to the present invention the exit apertures Pxtend through a die top from the 10~ respective ~rooves to a substantially toroidal chamber around a portal mandrel discharging axially of the mandrel through a die orifice of uninterrupted annular cross-section intermediate the mandrel and a die body wall.
15. The invention will now be described, by way of example r with reference to the accompanying, partly diagrammatic, drawings, in which:-Figure 1 is a cross-sec~ional elevation of 20. continuous extrusion apparatus omitting de~ails of a die portion;
Figure 2 is a cross-sectional elevation of a die portion adapted to produce tube;
Figure 3 is a cross-section taken on the 25~ line III-III of Figure 2;
.
3~2~
Figure 4 is a cross-sectional elevation of an alternakive die portion adapted to orm a tubular cladding on a continuous core;
Figure 5 is a cross-section taken on the 5. line V~V of Figure 4;
Figure 6 is a cross-sectional elevation of an alternative arrangement of a die portion adapted to produce tube; and Figure 7 is a cross-section taken on the 10. line VII-VII of Figure 6~
As shown in Figure 1, the continuous extrusion apparatus includes a wheel 2 provided with a pair of circumferential grooves 4 and is mounted on a horizontal drive shaft S running in 15. bearings positioned on a bed 8. A shoe 10 mounted on a pivot 12 extending parallel to the ~horizontal drive shaft 6 carries tWQ sets of arcuate tooling 14 registering with the respective grooves 4 and is urged against a stop 20. 16 positioned adjacent the wheel 2 and above the drive shaft 6 by means of a cam lever 18 bearing against a shoulder 20 formed on the shoe. $ach : ~ set of tooling 14 includes a shoe insert 22 (Figure 2) forming a closure to the adjacent :; ~ 25. portion of the groove 4 and an abutment 24 extending into the groove to form an obturation with a single die top 28 spanning the two grooves.
. .
.
`` . !
~2~
As shown in Figues 2 and 3, the die top 28 includes a pair of convex surfaces 30 registering with the respective grooves and each penetrated by an exit aperture 32 leading to a 5. central, toroidal~ extrusion chamber 34 disposed symmetrically of a radial plane intermediate the grooves. A portal mandrel 26 is positioned by means of a stub 27 in the die top 28 and extends horizontally and parallel to a line tangential 10. to the wheel 2 co-axially through the extrusion chamber 34 and a die body wall 35 to form an uninterrupted extrusion orifice 38 discharging through the face 40 of the die top.
In operation, to produce a tubular 15. extrusion/ a mandrel and die body appropriate to the required tubular extrusion cross-section are positioned in the die top 28, the shoe 10 pivoted into contact with the wheel 2 and the cam lever 18 positioned to apply force to the 20. shoe. The drive is then energised and eedstock introduced into the grooves to flow through the respactive apertures 32 and into the extrusion chamber 34. The flows from the respective apertures combine in the extrusion chamber and 25. are extruded through the annular extrusion orifice 38 to produce a continuous tubular product.
~22~
Since the path for the product from the grooves 4 to the extrusion orifice 38 is relatively short and free from discontinuities, the product flows smoothly from the grooves to 5O the extrusion orifices with a minimum of dissipation of energy. Accordingly the power consumption of the process is restricted and discontinuities in the extruded product are avoided or reduced to a minimum.
lO. In the arrangement indicated in conjunction with Figures 4 and 5, a hollow, open-ended mandrel 42 is positioned with a stepped rear end portion 43 co-acting with correspondingly stepped bores 54 in the die 15. top 28. A core 44 to be clad is fed, in the same direction as the direction of feed of the feedstock, through the hollow mandrel 42 emerging at the annular extrusion orifice 38 to receive a cladding of the extruded product 46.
20. In the arrangement shown the core has a plastics material as an outer layer, which is sensitive to elevated temperatures. Accordingly the mandrel i5 provided with an internal cooling shroud 48 to protect the core from the product 25. which immediately after extrusion i5 at a temperature of about 450C. The product 46 is extruded with an internal diameter greater than .
.
2~
the e~ternal diameter of the core 44, to permit the intervention of a portion the cooling shroud 48 and is subjected to a stream of cooling air, flowing initially intermediate the 5. product and the shroud and then to exhaust. To this end a passage 50 is drilled in the shoe 10 to extend co-axially of the hollow, open ended, mandrel 42. An outer sleeve 52 having the same internal diameter as that of the mandrel 42 is 10. passed through the passage 50 and threaded into the rear end portion 43 of the mandrel. A
spigot 56 is secured to the rear end 58 of the outer sleeve to seat in a counter-bore 60 in the shoe lO and is provided with a cooling air inlet 15. tapping 62 extending through the outer sleeve 52. The tubular shroud 48 is positioned internally co-axially of, and radially spaced from, the outer sleeve 52 and is sealed to a rear end portion 66 of the outer sleeve outward 20. of the cooling air inlet tapping. An intermediate portion 68 of the shroud adjacent the mandrel is of increased wall thickness with axial lands 70 and grooves 72 formed in the thickened portion, the lands 70 seating on the 25. interior of the mandrel 42 to support the shroud and the grooves 72 permitting the flow of coolin~ air. A forward portion 74 of the shroud extends beyond the annular die orifice 38 by an amount to provide a path of suficient length to ensure the requisite transfer of heat from the extruded product to the cooling air. T~e cooling air exhausts to atmosphere through a 5. space 76 intermediate the interior of the shroud and the core feed and through an internally chamfered wall rear end portion 78 of the shroud. Swaging means (not shown~ are provided to effect swaging down of the extruded cladding 10. product 46 on to the cor~ 44 beyond the forward portion 74 of the shroud.
In a further alternative arrangement indicated in Figures 6 and 7, where it is not required to feed a core to the interior of a 15. tubular extrusion 94, extrusion is effected along a horizontal axis passing through the wheel axis, that ~s, along a radial axis. Thus the shoe 10 carries two sets of tooling 14 with the abu~ment 24 of each positioned slightly below 20. the horizontal central plane passing through the wheel axisO Exit apertures 80 from convex suraces of the die top 28 registering with the grooves 4 extend horizontally with diverging passageways 81 toward a central, toroidal, 250 extru~ion chamber 82. A portal mandrel 84 positioned by means of a stepped stub portion 85 in the die top extends horizontally adjacent the wheel along an axis radial to the wheel co-axially of the extrusion chamber and a die ~ ,.......................... . .
~21~
body wall adjacent the extrusion chamber to form an uninterrupted annular extrusion orifice 86 discharging through the face 88 of the die top remote from the wheel. The por~al mandrel is 5. formed with a circumferential, arcuate section, groove 90 defining a portion of the extrusion chamber wall.
In operation, ~o produce a tubular extrusion, as previously, the appropriate 10. mandrel 84 and die body 92 are positioned in the die top 28, the shoe 10 positioned in contact with the wheel 2, the drive energised and feed established to the two grooves. The flows from the respective apertures 80 combine in the 15. extrusion chamber 82 and are extruded through the annular extrusion orifice 86 to produce a continuous tubular product. It will be appreciated that the length of the diverging passageways 81 connectiny the grooves 4 to the 20. extrusion chamber 82 and extrusion orifice 86 is short and does not involve substantial discontinuities or changes in direction of flow of the product. Thus a minimum of energy is dissipated thereby minimising the power 25. requirements and making for the production of tubular extrusions free from undesirable discontinuities.
It will be appreciated that, :in each of the arrangements, passages may be provided in the die top and, in instances where an otherwise solid portal mandrel is utilised, in the 5. mandrel, for the flow of cooling liquid to effect extraction of heat from the various components and avoid temperatures in the components exceeding desirable working limits.
. .
Figure 4 is a cross-sectional elevation of an alternakive die portion adapted to orm a tubular cladding on a continuous core;
Figure 5 is a cross-section taken on the 5. line V~V of Figure 4;
Figure 6 is a cross-sectional elevation of an alternative arrangement of a die portion adapted to produce tube; and Figure 7 is a cross-section taken on the 10. line VII-VII of Figure 6~
As shown in Figure 1, the continuous extrusion apparatus includes a wheel 2 provided with a pair of circumferential grooves 4 and is mounted on a horizontal drive shaft S running in 15. bearings positioned on a bed 8. A shoe 10 mounted on a pivot 12 extending parallel to the ~horizontal drive shaft 6 carries tWQ sets of arcuate tooling 14 registering with the respective grooves 4 and is urged against a stop 20. 16 positioned adjacent the wheel 2 and above the drive shaft 6 by means of a cam lever 18 bearing against a shoulder 20 formed on the shoe. $ach : ~ set of tooling 14 includes a shoe insert 22 (Figure 2) forming a closure to the adjacent :; ~ 25. portion of the groove 4 and an abutment 24 extending into the groove to form an obturation with a single die top 28 spanning the two grooves.
. .
.
`` . !
~2~
As shown in Figues 2 and 3, the die top 28 includes a pair of convex surfaces 30 registering with the respective grooves and each penetrated by an exit aperture 32 leading to a 5. central, toroidal~ extrusion chamber 34 disposed symmetrically of a radial plane intermediate the grooves. A portal mandrel 26 is positioned by means of a stub 27 in the die top 28 and extends horizontally and parallel to a line tangential 10. to the wheel 2 co-axially through the extrusion chamber 34 and a die body wall 35 to form an uninterrupted extrusion orifice 38 discharging through the face 40 of the die top.
In operation, to produce a tubular 15. extrusion/ a mandrel and die body appropriate to the required tubular extrusion cross-section are positioned in the die top 28, the shoe 10 pivoted into contact with the wheel 2 and the cam lever 18 positioned to apply force to the 20. shoe. The drive is then energised and eedstock introduced into the grooves to flow through the respactive apertures 32 and into the extrusion chamber 34. The flows from the respective apertures combine in the extrusion chamber and 25. are extruded through the annular extrusion orifice 38 to produce a continuous tubular product.
~22~
Since the path for the product from the grooves 4 to the extrusion orifice 38 is relatively short and free from discontinuities, the product flows smoothly from the grooves to 5O the extrusion orifices with a minimum of dissipation of energy. Accordingly the power consumption of the process is restricted and discontinuities in the extruded product are avoided or reduced to a minimum.
lO. In the arrangement indicated in conjunction with Figures 4 and 5, a hollow, open-ended mandrel 42 is positioned with a stepped rear end portion 43 co-acting with correspondingly stepped bores 54 in the die 15. top 28. A core 44 to be clad is fed, in the same direction as the direction of feed of the feedstock, through the hollow mandrel 42 emerging at the annular extrusion orifice 38 to receive a cladding of the extruded product 46.
20. In the arrangement shown the core has a plastics material as an outer layer, which is sensitive to elevated temperatures. Accordingly the mandrel i5 provided with an internal cooling shroud 48 to protect the core from the product 25. which immediately after extrusion i5 at a temperature of about 450C. The product 46 is extruded with an internal diameter greater than .
.
2~
the e~ternal diameter of the core 44, to permit the intervention of a portion the cooling shroud 48 and is subjected to a stream of cooling air, flowing initially intermediate the 5. product and the shroud and then to exhaust. To this end a passage 50 is drilled in the shoe 10 to extend co-axially of the hollow, open ended, mandrel 42. An outer sleeve 52 having the same internal diameter as that of the mandrel 42 is 10. passed through the passage 50 and threaded into the rear end portion 43 of the mandrel. A
spigot 56 is secured to the rear end 58 of the outer sleeve to seat in a counter-bore 60 in the shoe lO and is provided with a cooling air inlet 15. tapping 62 extending through the outer sleeve 52. The tubular shroud 48 is positioned internally co-axially of, and radially spaced from, the outer sleeve 52 and is sealed to a rear end portion 66 of the outer sleeve outward 20. of the cooling air inlet tapping. An intermediate portion 68 of the shroud adjacent the mandrel is of increased wall thickness with axial lands 70 and grooves 72 formed in the thickened portion, the lands 70 seating on the 25. interior of the mandrel 42 to support the shroud and the grooves 72 permitting the flow of coolin~ air. A forward portion 74 of the shroud extends beyond the annular die orifice 38 by an amount to provide a path of suficient length to ensure the requisite transfer of heat from the extruded product to the cooling air. T~e cooling air exhausts to atmosphere through a 5. space 76 intermediate the interior of the shroud and the core feed and through an internally chamfered wall rear end portion 78 of the shroud. Swaging means (not shown~ are provided to effect swaging down of the extruded cladding 10. product 46 on to the cor~ 44 beyond the forward portion 74 of the shroud.
In a further alternative arrangement indicated in Figures 6 and 7, where it is not required to feed a core to the interior of a 15. tubular extrusion 94, extrusion is effected along a horizontal axis passing through the wheel axis, that ~s, along a radial axis. Thus the shoe 10 carries two sets of tooling 14 with the abu~ment 24 of each positioned slightly below 20. the horizontal central plane passing through the wheel axisO Exit apertures 80 from convex suraces of the die top 28 registering with the grooves 4 extend horizontally with diverging passageways 81 toward a central, toroidal, 250 extru~ion chamber 82. A portal mandrel 84 positioned by means of a stepped stub portion 85 in the die top extends horizontally adjacent the wheel along an axis radial to the wheel co-axially of the extrusion chamber and a die ~ ,.......................... . .
~21~
body wall adjacent the extrusion chamber to form an uninterrupted annular extrusion orifice 86 discharging through the face 88 of the die top remote from the wheel. The por~al mandrel is 5. formed with a circumferential, arcuate section, groove 90 defining a portion of the extrusion chamber wall.
In operation, ~o produce a tubular extrusion, as previously, the appropriate 10. mandrel 84 and die body 92 are positioned in the die top 28, the shoe 10 positioned in contact with the wheel 2, the drive energised and feed established to the two grooves. The flows from the respective apertures 80 combine in the 15. extrusion chamber 82 and are extruded through the annular extrusion orifice 86 to produce a continuous tubular product. It will be appreciated that the length of the diverging passageways 81 connectiny the grooves 4 to the 20. extrusion chamber 82 and extrusion orifice 86 is short and does not involve substantial discontinuities or changes in direction of flow of the product. Thus a minimum of energy is dissipated thereby minimising the power 25. requirements and making for the production of tubular extrusions free from undesirable discontinuities.
It will be appreciated that, :in each of the arrangements, passages may be provided in the die top and, in instances where an otherwise solid portal mandrel is utilised, in the 5. mandrel, for the flow of cooling liquid to effect extraction of heat from the various components and avoid temperatures in the components exceeding desirable working limits.
. .
Claims (7)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. Continuous extrusion apparatus having a rotatable wheel formed with two identical circumferential grooves, arcuate tooling with portions bounding radially outer portions of the respective grooves provided with exit apertures extending in a generally radial direction from the respective grooves to a single chamber and abutments displaced in the direction of rotation from the apertures extending into the grooves, characterized in that the exit apertures extend through a die top from the respective grooves to a substantially toroidal chamber around a portal mandrel discharging axially of the mandrel through a die orifice of uninterrupted annular cross-section intermediate the mandrel and a die body wall.
2. Continuous extrusion apparatus as claimed in Claim 1, characterised in that the portal mandrel extends in a direction generally tangential to the wheel.
3. Continuous extrusion apparatus as claimed in Claim 2, characterised in that the direction of discharge through the die orifice corresponds to the direction of rotation of the wheel at the abutments.
4. Continuous extrusion apparatus as claimed in Claim 2, characterised in that the portal mandrel is hollow and open-ended and means are provided arranged to supply a core member through the mandrel.
5. Continuous extrusion apparatus as claimed in Claim 4, characterised in that swaging means are provided to swage the extruded product on to the core member.
6. Continuous extrusion apparatus as claimed in Claim 5, characterised in that a tubular shroud is positioned with a forward portion extending internally co-axially of, and radially spaced from, a portion of the hollow portal mandrel adjacent and beyond the extrusion orifice and around the core member to form co-axial passageways for the flow of cooling fluid.
7. Continuous extrusion apparatus as claimed in Claim 1, 2 or 3, characterised in that passages are provided in the die top and in the portal mandrel for the flow of cooling fluid.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000452101A CA1220447A (en) | 1984-04-16 | 1984-04-16 | Continuous extrusion apparatus |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000452101A CA1220447A (en) | 1984-04-16 | 1984-04-16 | Continuous extrusion apparatus |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1220447A true CA1220447A (en) | 1987-04-14 |
Family
ID=4127670
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000452101A Expired CA1220447A (en) | 1984-04-16 | 1984-04-16 | Continuous extrusion apparatus |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1220447A (en) |
-
1984
- 1984-04-16 CA CA000452101A patent/CA1220447A/en not_active Expired
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |