CA1215855A - Planar-measuring vortex-shedding mass flowmeter - Google Patents
Planar-measuring vortex-shedding mass flowmeterInfo
- Publication number
- CA1215855A CA1215855A CA000460313A CA460313A CA1215855A CA 1215855 A CA1215855 A CA 1215855A CA 000460313 A CA000460313 A CA 000460313A CA 460313 A CA460313 A CA 460313A CA 1215855 A CA1215855 A CA 1215855A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- fluid
- shedding
- signal
- vortex
- flow rate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F1/00—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
- G01F1/05—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects
- G01F1/20—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects by detection of dynamic effects of the flow
- G01F1/32—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects by detection of dynamic effects of the flow using swirl flowmeters
- G01F1/3209—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects by detection of dynamic effects of the flow using swirl flowmeters using Karman vortices
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F1/00—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
- G01F1/05—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects
- G01F1/20—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects by detection of dynamic effects of the flow
- G01F1/32—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects by detection of dynamic effects of the flow using swirl flowmeters
- G01F1/325—Means for detecting quantities used as proxy variables for swirl
- G01F1/3259—Means for detecting quantities used as proxy variables for swirl for detecting fluid pressure oscillations
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F1/00—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
- G01F1/76—Devices for measuring mass flow of a fluid or a fluent solid material
- G01F1/86—Indirect mass flowmeters, e.g. measuring volume flow and density, temperature or pressure
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Measuring Volume Flow (AREA)
- Gas Burners (AREA)
- Tents Or Canopies (AREA)
Abstract
Abstract:
Planar-measuring vortex-shedding mass flowmeter A vortex-shedding mass flowmeter which includes a shedding body mounted in a pipe containing a flowing fluid, a first detecting element that responds to the vortices generated when the fluid flows past a surface of the shedding body for producing a velocity signal proportional to the flow rate of the fluid, a second detecting element for sensing in a measuring plane that includes he surface of the shedding body where vor-tices are generated a moving fluid characteristic dependent on the product of fluid density and the square of the fluid flow rate, and electronic circuitry coupled to the outputs of the first and second detect-ing elements for producing therefrom a mass flow rate signal. In one preferred embodiment, he second de-tecting element is a pitot-type bead device which senses a pressure differential between static and dynamic pressures exiting at two locations on the measuring plane. In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the second detecting element includes a drag body flow device which responds to the force being applied thereto by the flowing fluid.
Planar-measuring vortex-shedding mass flowmeter A vortex-shedding mass flowmeter which includes a shedding body mounted in a pipe containing a flowing fluid, a first detecting element that responds to the vortices generated when the fluid flows past a surface of the shedding body for producing a velocity signal proportional to the flow rate of the fluid, a second detecting element for sensing in a measuring plane that includes he surface of the shedding body where vor-tices are generated a moving fluid characteristic dependent on the product of fluid density and the square of the fluid flow rate, and electronic circuitry coupled to the outputs of the first and second detect-ing elements for producing therefrom a mass flow rate signal. In one preferred embodiment, he second de-tecting element is a pitot-type bead device which senses a pressure differential between static and dynamic pressures exiting at two locations on the measuring plane. In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the second detecting element includes a drag body flow device which responds to the force being applied thereto by the flowing fluid.
Description
Planar~mea5uring vortex-~heddin~ mass flow meter lo Field of the Invention This invention relate generally to sortex-~heddin~
5 flow meters for Dlea~urislg the Mooney of fluid paying through pipe end more p~r~icularly, two on apparatus ire determining toe mast flow rate of the roving fluid.
Err zany industrial lulled processes such a custody 10 transfer fuel petering or reactant Dllixing pluck-lions, it it desirably TV be able to measure Lowe mass f low rate of the fluid pausing through the pipe .
In a conventional vortex type 10wme~er, fluid passing around a shedding -body produces a stream of 15 vortices; with a generation rate which is proportional to the flow rote TV of the fluid tensor responsive to the vortices produce signal having a Frequency representing the` flow rate. ions the cross sectional aria of the flowme~er it known, the flow rate signal 20 Ann thin be used or calculating the resulting volt-nitric flow rote of the fluid in the pipe. If the density (p of the fluid it; ~180 known, the resulting product of ~olume'cric flow rate and density it like mass flow rye. however, it is riot pueblo to provide a 25 simple constant of prop3rti~nality to arrive my wow rote fray only the direct Eaeasurement of volumetric flow rye Buckley e Dunn is Zen . itlve to changes in temperature end prosier For gay placation, tilts entity it typically Jo greatly pronounced what a 30 ark ae3~urement of deity under opening Canada-tip necessary on order to obtain reasonably occur rate measure of isle; flow rates.
....... .
I
Various devices for erring mass flow have been proposed which do not require f lurid lunate to be erred directly,. For example, in fir Patent 3~719,073 issued to Lyon, Jonas flowrneter it disk cloyed wherein ~ortex-~heàding body it used in series with a dowJl~tream sensor that de. cats both the frequent cry and amplitude of the oscillating flow pattern no-vaulting f rum the intersession of the noting process fluid end the vow exuding body. The Ann patent Tao that the front varies directly with changes of the fluid flow rate TV end the amplitude varies with changes of a flow characteristic which it the product of the f Lydia density end the Corey of the fluid flow rate (i.e., p TV . As a Rowley, the nlas5 Elm rote con be calculated by dividing one sensor signal Representing the detected amplitude of the f ow pattern by Norway ensure signal representing the ire-quench of the f low pattern,.
Another prior art mast; flow meter it disclosed in US. Patent 3~71B5,204 issued to herein a vortex-Eddying measuring device combined in series with a differential prosier instrument hurrying two pros use tap. One pressure tap it placed upstream slowed the other pressure tap is duped downstream of the vortex eden assuring device. jingo the measuring device as on ob8truc:~iorl in the vying stream of f lurid, pressure drop is create which I well known to be proportional to Lowe p v2 isle t:haracteri~ic, Pus a result the calculation of the ma flow raze it semi-far to the taught 1 n the Ann pun wherein like measured p v2 elite archer divided by the fluid flow rote v.
Louvre, problem inherent in the sass ~lowme~ers sly I
described in the Ann end Lowe patents Russ from the axial separation between the devise measuring the p v2 slow char~e~eri~ic and the device erring the fluid f low rate . It known what this separation rules S on Byway energy changes primarily in the Norm of pros-sure Lowe and increased turbulence appearing between the two IDea~uring device;. These energy changes limit the accuracy of the assay flow rote measurement wince the Canadian excusing respectively a the two Myra-10 ivy lo~:atiorl~ ore not the Moe Thus in order to in-create the measurement accuracy of these prior art flowraeter~, particularly for use in low-pressure gas placations additional Davy end circuitry are weeded to compensate for error wrung from the alone-enticed energy change,. But the use of ccmpensatingdevices, whether for liquid or gas pluckiness, in-cresses the complexity of both types ox prior art flow-Tory Jo that they become Gore costly and less reliable. moreover, error compensation becomes more completed as the axial operation between the two ~eafiuring locations it reduced because the correctional factors become more difficult Jo predict.
Accordingly, there it nerd for on improved flow-Deter I measuring the assay flow rate of a process fluid thou retorting Jo the use of additional air-utter or device to compensate for energy changes.
summary of the Invention The above-~entioned problems of prior art devices are overcome by the provolone of a new end improved flowme~er ode in kiwi dance with the eschewing of the prevent invention wherein ~onYentional vortex flow-Tory having shedding body it combined with a den~i~y-~ensitive erring device owned in a surface ... .... .. .. . . .. ,. _ . _ . _~,. __ _.. _ , _ .. ,_ ._ .. . . . ..... . .. ... . .
~%~
1 - of the shedding body. the density~en~itive device operate to lousier the p v2 Plow chara~teris~-'cic of the Diving flu id on the Amy plane in which the vow r -Tao are generated. This arrangement substantially s elimirl~ke~ 'eke problem previously ducked, i.e., wrier ruling from energy changes Sue owe measurements being jade at location that are separated axially in the pipe.
on one preferred embodiment so the present invent 10 lion; a pilot device I used for eying the pressure differential which it proportional to the pV2 flow characteristic of the moving elude Put least one opening or pyrrhic it formed on the upstream surface of the shedder body or eying the dynamic pressure of 15 the flowing fluid. Another port for E;enQing the static pressure of the flowing IEluid it formed in the pipe where the ~ortex-generating plane containing the up-stream surface of the shedder body intersect the inner wall of the pipe. Since this other port it in the same 20 plane in which the dynamic pressure it tensed end from which vortices are ft~rlDed, where is no requirement of using correctional factors such a expansion Coffey i-clients to compensate for energy changes.
In a ~es::ond embodiment of the prevent invention, a 25 argue err having it force-~ensing plate mounted to be flush with the upstream surface of the shedder is used to measure the p v2 slow characteristic. The shedder body it formed with on llperture for receiving the ~orce-senfiing plaice and include a passageway 30 theretbrough or appear responsive Jo the o'er sting on the plate. Roy errs send by the argue Peter it thereafter converted into signal my appear-private circuitry BY that when the Signal it combined it --s--with the flow rye signal produced by the vortex flow-Peter the resulting signal repreG native of the assay flow rate of the fluid passing through the pipe.
The ~:30ve-de~ribed and other iEe~ture~ of the 5 present invention will Ire snore fully understood from a readirlg of eye ensuing written description giver with reference kiwi queue appended drawings.
IT. 1 it a plan view, partly broken away, showing 10 a 10wmeter constructed in accordance with the teach-trig of applicant Jl3 invention.
. JIG. 2 it view of the prevent invention taken long section line 2-2 of FIG. 1.
JIG 3 depict the pun invention as viewed 15 long eschew line 3-3 of I 2.
FIG. shows Arthur e~odiment of the present in-enchain wherein two ports ore us or ensuing dynamic essayer., EGO. 5 depicts BY ill ocher embodiment of the 20 prevent invention incorporating target Lowry.
Detailed Descri~io~c~
Depicted on JIG. 1 it plan view of a sass flow-Peter 10 aye in acc4rdanGe with tube teachings of the prevent invention. conventional vortex-~hedding body 25 12 I mounted on pipe I which ha a fluid passing therethltough in a directs: n denoted by arrow F,, As is well Nina when eye fluid pastes eye nor ream lined face kiwi an upstream surface 16, the stream of flu id cannot follow the sharp contour of that surface 16 end 30 thus separates from the body 12. . her layer is oared on the vicln~ty of the body. awing a large velocity gradient therein, the shear layer it iinh@rerJt 1 y unhatable end thereby break down after owe length I
go travel into well-deined voyeur en. These vortices ire renewal below zones which eczema alternate lye on each side of the surface 16 with a fruitiness proper-tonal to like fluid flow race. Differential pressure 5 pulses occur a the vortices are formed and eddy It should be understood that the distance it constant bitterly the centers of any pair of v5rtice5 formed on the tame wide of the surface 1l5. This distance, also - known it the vortex wavelength Aries in accordance 10 with changes in the specific: dimensions of the body 12, on other words, oven though the frequency (i.e.) goner-Sheehan rate) of the vortices depends upon the fluid flow rote the reworks wavelength Ryan the tame as long I the same shedding body it use.
lo In the present 0nbodinDent of applicant invention shown in FIG. 1, transducer 18 it responsive to the pressure fluctuation that occur us each vortex passes the transducer for producing an electrical signal which correspond to the fluid flow rate. Briefly described, 20 the transducer 18 it liquid-~illed capsule having as idyll a pair of flexible diaphragm which are of moderately large area Jo a kiwi respond to a relatively large portiorl of the energy in the vortices. The die-phragms ransom t the alternating vortex pressure pulses 25 Jo a pi~zoelectric loaning element itch produces a t:orre~pondingly alternating voltage signal that is ltran~mitt~d over a pair wires 33, 35 Jo on elect i-eel circuit 34. Electrical circuit 34 it arranged to produce below signal denoted alp v that it represent I jive of eye fluid slow rote through he pipe 141. The transducer I I; described in greater dew tl.S.
potent Jo. 4,085,614, issued to Curralln en at, and signed to the same Saigon the priorly invention.
.. , . , _, _ . _ _ . . . . . . . . . . .. .
I
A port 20 it iEormed in toe vortex-~h~ddis~g body 12 at the upstream turf ice 16 0 pudgy 22 connects the port 20 to a go en or 24 which I toppled to one side 26 of a conventional differential pressure-S Myra no instrument I The port 20, l?as~ag~way end connector 24 ore all part of pivot device which Jill be described irk Gore eta Al in sanction with the steer urea appended to phi placation Port 20 eve to receive the dynamic pro sure that it applied 10 by the fluid veto the uric 16. The dynamic pressure it tr~rAsmiLtted as a prowar signal denoted a Pod to the pre6sur6~-~ea~aring in~trulRen'c 28.
evicted in FIG. 2 I sectional top view of the Zeus lottery 10 taken long section line 2-2 shown 15 in FIG. 1. oared through pipe 14 a a location where plane containing the upstream surface 16 interjects the interior wall of the pipe 14, port ED it con nicked to a connector 42 which it coupled to a size 30 ox the differential pre~sure-~easuring instrument 28.
20 It should be noted what the port 40 it transverse Jo the arrow F representing the direction of fluid flow,.
Port 40 serves to receive the static prowar of the flowing fluid and to apply what pressure 'through the connector I pressure signal denoted a PUS to the 25 differential pressure-~a~uring device 2B.
Depicted in FIG. 3 Jo a sectional front Lowe of the 10wmeter 10 taken long line 3-3 of FIG. 2. the lo-cation off the port 20 can be anywhere long the Ursa 16. queue port 40 can be locate anywhere long the 30 circumference of the pipe I and preferably on the Ease plane that include the E;urfa~e 16. Ever the plane that it tr~nsver e Jo the direction ox i~lu~d below and include ate center of the port 40 con be off en up-I
trim or downstream from the plane of the Surface to a Dennis preferably not exceeding one half of the orates willing in order 'Shea out for ~nllfacturirlg killer en and to permit several E~peciic ire of the 5 Body 12 for use itch the Erupt I AS one in Frocks,. 1 through Ed the output so Lowe pr~s~ure-measuring intro-agent 2B it curried via pipe to a pressure-to current tPfI) s~onver~er 38 which produces an electrical signal denoted aye p v 2. Guild to receive the outputs of 10 the elect Cal circuit: 34 and the converter 38, a divider circuit 36 divides like electrical ~igllal pi 2 by the flow rate signal denoted v in order to pry o-dyes a signal downside TV which corresponds to the snails flow raze of Lowe prows fluid 10wirlg through 15 pipe 14.
he Abel to T~nea~Ure sass flow race is desirable, e~p~ially for the ~itu~'cions illYOlVin9 kowtowed Ryan for Roy the amount of fluid being transferred from one easily to another it used for determinirl9 the 20 ~t>netary payment owed to a supplier by buyer,. One aldvantz~ge of the pronto invent ion over previous aye f limiter theft it opponent par no rugged end can be jade to withstand extreme onditic>ns Utah a fluid f lows containing old or t:orro~ive E!lem211t5-25 Be in basically isle " the erasing eleven of the present inverltiorl that ore exposed to the flowing fluid ore ~tatic~nary and do not involve such thing no-totaling blEllt3es or pivot~ably-~ounted vane.
Depicted in Kit;. 4 a second embodilDent of I applicants inven'ciorl wherein the up rem Ursa lo ~nClUd2a; a second port 60 for roving like dynamic pressure being sorted on the surf ace lo by the f lurid 6, tune end of a pas~ag2 62 if; cc>nnec~ed Jo Lowe port 60 and I
the other end it coupled lo> the passageway 22 via a connect ion 66. this arrangement permit the dynamic prowar received by the pars I end 60 Jo be coy brined into a r~ultant dynamic prows signal fur transmi$jion to the pre~sur2-~easuring lrl~trument 2B.
It oily be under6tc~0d that the actual locations of the porter 20 and 60 can be anywhere on surface 16.
Thy second embodiment of ache prank invention is use-fur . or l3ituation where the slow profile it not Noah-form cross the measuring plane Jo that it it necessary for the dynamic priors being applied Jo the surface 16 by toe flowing fluid Jo be averzlg2d between the suppressed port 20 and 60~
Fir 5 deplete a third . embodiment of the prevent invention in why ah a drag-b~dy device such as a target Peter 80 it used to ennui Lowe pv2 f low character fistic of the fluid. this third embodiment of the present irlvention include the vortex-~hedding body 12, trarl5-dicer lo end zll~sociated electrical circuit 34 which generates the ele~tri~:al signal v corresponding to fluid velocity. Beirlg a part pie the target meter 80, a target I has flat surface 84 disposed Jo be flush with the uE3~tream surface 16~ A connecting rod 86 has one end coupled ten the target 82 end the other end us extending 'through the wall of pipe 140 I llperture 88 it formed in the eddying body 12 for receiving the target By end evilly 90 oared in the shedder body I for containing the connecting rod I A flexor 92 pi votably Mount the rod By to the pipe 14 and also eel the cavity ED in order to prevent the flowing fluid err e~capin~. the fret end 94 of the connectirlg rod I I thereby movable in response to the force being applied Jo the target 82 by the flowing fluid.
~10 A vibrating wire symbol 109 is used to tense the movement of the end 94 of the connecting rod By. The vibrating wire embowel is well known in eye art us a force tran6ducer9 Jo only a brief description will ye 5 hereinafter printed.. A vibratable wire 102 his vine end mounted to a ~tatlonary keynoting 103 and the other end coupled to eye cc~rlnecting rod 86 allure like end 9 4 .
When the wire 1û2 it excited into vibratory motion (by apparatus note descry be 3, the frequency of vibration 10 it dependent upon the Nina ibeir,g exerted thereon as a refloat of the essayers being applied by the fluking fluid veto the target 82~ A deflecting Sarasota ~04 is ripen ivy to the vibratory frequency of the wire 102 nod produce the electrical signal denoted a pi 2.
15 The divider circuit 36 in response to the output Eros the converter 34 end the detecting circuit 104 produces the resulting signal denoted ZOO; pi corresponding to the amass f low rate ,.
While the present invention has been described with 20 refererlce to several embodilaents, it l be apparent that improvements end x~odific~'cion~ Jay be made without departing iErom the true spirit end scope of like invent showoff defined in the appended claims. Speciic~11y, the electrical signals produced by the electrical air-I cult 34, the divider circuit 36 and the converter 38 gain be ~nals)g~ digital or erroneous signal moreover the third ~mbodi~aent of the prevent invention it par-ula~ly suited for the frequency domain wins: e the conventional vortex lonelier and the vibrating wire Emily lo ore iErequency tlevi~el; . In ~ddi~sion the third embodiment can leave other Pore detecting Jeans that ore ~9~fferent from the vibrating wire type.
5 flow meters for Dlea~urislg the Mooney of fluid paying through pipe end more p~r~icularly, two on apparatus ire determining toe mast flow rate of the roving fluid.
Err zany industrial lulled processes such a custody 10 transfer fuel petering or reactant Dllixing pluck-lions, it it desirably TV be able to measure Lowe mass f low rate of the fluid pausing through the pipe .
In a conventional vortex type 10wme~er, fluid passing around a shedding -body produces a stream of 15 vortices; with a generation rate which is proportional to the flow rote TV of the fluid tensor responsive to the vortices produce signal having a Frequency representing the` flow rate. ions the cross sectional aria of the flowme~er it known, the flow rate signal 20 Ann thin be used or calculating the resulting volt-nitric flow rote of the fluid in the pipe. If the density (p of the fluid it; ~180 known, the resulting product of ~olume'cric flow rate and density it like mass flow rye. however, it is riot pueblo to provide a 25 simple constant of prop3rti~nality to arrive my wow rote fray only the direct Eaeasurement of volumetric flow rye Buckley e Dunn is Zen . itlve to changes in temperature end prosier For gay placation, tilts entity it typically Jo greatly pronounced what a 30 ark ae3~urement of deity under opening Canada-tip necessary on order to obtain reasonably occur rate measure of isle; flow rates.
....... .
I
Various devices for erring mass flow have been proposed which do not require f lurid lunate to be erred directly,. For example, in fir Patent 3~719,073 issued to Lyon, Jonas flowrneter it disk cloyed wherein ~ortex-~heàding body it used in series with a dowJl~tream sensor that de. cats both the frequent cry and amplitude of the oscillating flow pattern no-vaulting f rum the intersession of the noting process fluid end the vow exuding body. The Ann patent Tao that the front varies directly with changes of the fluid flow rate TV end the amplitude varies with changes of a flow characteristic which it the product of the f Lydia density end the Corey of the fluid flow rate (i.e., p TV . As a Rowley, the nlas5 Elm rote con be calculated by dividing one sensor signal Representing the detected amplitude of the f ow pattern by Norway ensure signal representing the ire-quench of the f low pattern,.
Another prior art mast; flow meter it disclosed in US. Patent 3~71B5,204 issued to herein a vortex-Eddying measuring device combined in series with a differential prosier instrument hurrying two pros use tap. One pressure tap it placed upstream slowed the other pressure tap is duped downstream of the vortex eden assuring device. jingo the measuring device as on ob8truc:~iorl in the vying stream of f lurid, pressure drop is create which I well known to be proportional to Lowe p v2 isle t:haracteri~ic, Pus a result the calculation of the ma flow raze it semi-far to the taught 1 n the Ann pun wherein like measured p v2 elite archer divided by the fluid flow rote v.
Louvre, problem inherent in the sass ~lowme~ers sly I
described in the Ann end Lowe patents Russ from the axial separation between the devise measuring the p v2 slow char~e~eri~ic and the device erring the fluid f low rate . It known what this separation rules S on Byway energy changes primarily in the Norm of pros-sure Lowe and increased turbulence appearing between the two IDea~uring device;. These energy changes limit the accuracy of the assay flow rote measurement wince the Canadian excusing respectively a the two Myra-10 ivy lo~:atiorl~ ore not the Moe Thus in order to in-create the measurement accuracy of these prior art flowraeter~, particularly for use in low-pressure gas placations additional Davy end circuitry are weeded to compensate for error wrung from the alone-enticed energy change,. But the use of ccmpensatingdevices, whether for liquid or gas pluckiness, in-cresses the complexity of both types ox prior art flow-Tory Jo that they become Gore costly and less reliable. moreover, error compensation becomes more completed as the axial operation between the two ~eafiuring locations it reduced because the correctional factors become more difficult Jo predict.
Accordingly, there it nerd for on improved flow-Deter I measuring the assay flow rate of a process fluid thou retorting Jo the use of additional air-utter or device to compensate for energy changes.
summary of the Invention The above-~entioned problems of prior art devices are overcome by the provolone of a new end improved flowme~er ode in kiwi dance with the eschewing of the prevent invention wherein ~onYentional vortex flow-Tory having shedding body it combined with a den~i~y-~ensitive erring device owned in a surface ... .... .. .. . . .. ,. _ . _ . _~,. __ _.. _ , _ .. ,_ ._ .. . . . ..... . .. ... . .
~%~
1 - of the shedding body. the density~en~itive device operate to lousier the p v2 Plow chara~teris~-'cic of the Diving flu id on the Amy plane in which the vow r -Tao are generated. This arrangement substantially s elimirl~ke~ 'eke problem previously ducked, i.e., wrier ruling from energy changes Sue owe measurements being jade at location that are separated axially in the pipe.
on one preferred embodiment so the present invent 10 lion; a pilot device I used for eying the pressure differential which it proportional to the pV2 flow characteristic of the moving elude Put least one opening or pyrrhic it formed on the upstream surface of the shedder body or eying the dynamic pressure of 15 the flowing fluid. Another port for E;enQing the static pressure of the flowing IEluid it formed in the pipe where the ~ortex-generating plane containing the up-stream surface of the shedder body intersect the inner wall of the pipe. Since this other port it in the same 20 plane in which the dynamic pressure it tensed end from which vortices are ft~rlDed, where is no requirement of using correctional factors such a expansion Coffey i-clients to compensate for energy changes.
In a ~es::ond embodiment of the prevent invention, a 25 argue err having it force-~ensing plate mounted to be flush with the upstream surface of the shedder is used to measure the p v2 slow characteristic. The shedder body it formed with on llperture for receiving the ~orce-senfiing plaice and include a passageway 30 theretbrough or appear responsive Jo the o'er sting on the plate. Roy errs send by the argue Peter it thereafter converted into signal my appear-private circuitry BY that when the Signal it combined it --s--with the flow rye signal produced by the vortex flow-Peter the resulting signal repreG native of the assay flow rate of the fluid passing through the pipe.
The ~:30ve-de~ribed and other iEe~ture~ of the 5 present invention will Ire snore fully understood from a readirlg of eye ensuing written description giver with reference kiwi queue appended drawings.
IT. 1 it a plan view, partly broken away, showing 10 a 10wmeter constructed in accordance with the teach-trig of applicant Jl3 invention.
. JIG. 2 it view of the prevent invention taken long section line 2-2 of FIG. 1.
JIG 3 depict the pun invention as viewed 15 long eschew line 3-3 of I 2.
FIG. shows Arthur e~odiment of the present in-enchain wherein two ports ore us or ensuing dynamic essayer., EGO. 5 depicts BY ill ocher embodiment of the 20 prevent invention incorporating target Lowry.
Detailed Descri~io~c~
Depicted on JIG. 1 it plan view of a sass flow-Peter 10 aye in acc4rdanGe with tube teachings of the prevent invention. conventional vortex-~hedding body 25 12 I mounted on pipe I which ha a fluid passing therethltough in a directs: n denoted by arrow F,, As is well Nina when eye fluid pastes eye nor ream lined face kiwi an upstream surface 16, the stream of flu id cannot follow the sharp contour of that surface 16 end 30 thus separates from the body 12. . her layer is oared on the vicln~ty of the body. awing a large velocity gradient therein, the shear layer it iinh@rerJt 1 y unhatable end thereby break down after owe length I
go travel into well-deined voyeur en. These vortices ire renewal below zones which eczema alternate lye on each side of the surface 16 with a fruitiness proper-tonal to like fluid flow race. Differential pressure 5 pulses occur a the vortices are formed and eddy It should be understood that the distance it constant bitterly the centers of any pair of v5rtice5 formed on the tame wide of the surface 1l5. This distance, also - known it the vortex wavelength Aries in accordance 10 with changes in the specific: dimensions of the body 12, on other words, oven though the frequency (i.e.) goner-Sheehan rate) of the vortices depends upon the fluid flow rote the reworks wavelength Ryan the tame as long I the same shedding body it use.
lo In the present 0nbodinDent of applicant invention shown in FIG. 1, transducer 18 it responsive to the pressure fluctuation that occur us each vortex passes the transducer for producing an electrical signal which correspond to the fluid flow rate. Briefly described, 20 the transducer 18 it liquid-~illed capsule having as idyll a pair of flexible diaphragm which are of moderately large area Jo a kiwi respond to a relatively large portiorl of the energy in the vortices. The die-phragms ransom t the alternating vortex pressure pulses 25 Jo a pi~zoelectric loaning element itch produces a t:orre~pondingly alternating voltage signal that is ltran~mitt~d over a pair wires 33, 35 Jo on elect i-eel circuit 34. Electrical circuit 34 it arranged to produce below signal denoted alp v that it represent I jive of eye fluid slow rote through he pipe 141. The transducer I I; described in greater dew tl.S.
potent Jo. 4,085,614, issued to Curralln en at, and signed to the same Saigon the priorly invention.
.. , . , _, _ . _ _ . . . . . . . . . . .. .
I
A port 20 it iEormed in toe vortex-~h~ddis~g body 12 at the upstream turf ice 16 0 pudgy 22 connects the port 20 to a go en or 24 which I toppled to one side 26 of a conventional differential pressure-S Myra no instrument I The port 20, l?as~ag~way end connector 24 ore all part of pivot device which Jill be described irk Gore eta Al in sanction with the steer urea appended to phi placation Port 20 eve to receive the dynamic pro sure that it applied 10 by the fluid veto the uric 16. The dynamic pressure it tr~rAsmiLtted as a prowar signal denoted a Pod to the pre6sur6~-~ea~aring in~trulRen'c 28.
evicted in FIG. 2 I sectional top view of the Zeus lottery 10 taken long section line 2-2 shown 15 in FIG. 1. oared through pipe 14 a a location where plane containing the upstream surface 16 interjects the interior wall of the pipe 14, port ED it con nicked to a connector 42 which it coupled to a size 30 ox the differential pre~sure-~easuring instrument 28.
20 It should be noted what the port 40 it transverse Jo the arrow F representing the direction of fluid flow,.
Port 40 serves to receive the static prowar of the flowing fluid and to apply what pressure 'through the connector I pressure signal denoted a PUS to the 25 differential pressure-~a~uring device 2B.
Depicted in FIG. 3 Jo a sectional front Lowe of the 10wmeter 10 taken long line 3-3 of FIG. 2. the lo-cation off the port 20 can be anywhere long the Ursa 16. queue port 40 can be locate anywhere long the 30 circumference of the pipe I and preferably on the Ease plane that include the E;urfa~e 16. Ever the plane that it tr~nsver e Jo the direction ox i~lu~d below and include ate center of the port 40 con be off en up-I
trim or downstream from the plane of the Surface to a Dennis preferably not exceeding one half of the orates willing in order 'Shea out for ~nllfacturirlg killer en and to permit several E~peciic ire of the 5 Body 12 for use itch the Erupt I AS one in Frocks,. 1 through Ed the output so Lowe pr~s~ure-measuring intro-agent 2B it curried via pipe to a pressure-to current tPfI) s~onver~er 38 which produces an electrical signal denoted aye p v 2. Guild to receive the outputs of 10 the elect Cal circuit: 34 and the converter 38, a divider circuit 36 divides like electrical ~igllal pi 2 by the flow rate signal denoted v in order to pry o-dyes a signal downside TV which corresponds to the snails flow raze of Lowe prows fluid 10wirlg through 15 pipe 14.
he Abel to T~nea~Ure sass flow race is desirable, e~p~ially for the ~itu~'cions illYOlVin9 kowtowed Ryan for Roy the amount of fluid being transferred from one easily to another it used for determinirl9 the 20 ~t>netary payment owed to a supplier by buyer,. One aldvantz~ge of the pronto invent ion over previous aye f limiter theft it opponent par no rugged end can be jade to withstand extreme onditic>ns Utah a fluid f lows containing old or t:orro~ive E!lem211t5-25 Be in basically isle " the erasing eleven of the present inverltiorl that ore exposed to the flowing fluid ore ~tatic~nary and do not involve such thing no-totaling blEllt3es or pivot~ably-~ounted vane.
Depicted in Kit;. 4 a second embodilDent of I applicants inven'ciorl wherein the up rem Ursa lo ~nClUd2a; a second port 60 for roving like dynamic pressure being sorted on the surf ace lo by the f lurid 6, tune end of a pas~ag2 62 if; cc>nnec~ed Jo Lowe port 60 and I
the other end it coupled lo> the passageway 22 via a connect ion 66. this arrangement permit the dynamic prowar received by the pars I end 60 Jo be coy brined into a r~ultant dynamic prows signal fur transmi$jion to the pre~sur2-~easuring lrl~trument 2B.
It oily be under6tc~0d that the actual locations of the porter 20 and 60 can be anywhere on surface 16.
Thy second embodiment of ache prank invention is use-fur . or l3ituation where the slow profile it not Noah-form cross the measuring plane Jo that it it necessary for the dynamic priors being applied Jo the surface 16 by toe flowing fluid Jo be averzlg2d between the suppressed port 20 and 60~
Fir 5 deplete a third . embodiment of the prevent invention in why ah a drag-b~dy device such as a target Peter 80 it used to ennui Lowe pv2 f low character fistic of the fluid. this third embodiment of the present irlvention include the vortex-~hedding body 12, trarl5-dicer lo end zll~sociated electrical circuit 34 which generates the ele~tri~:al signal v corresponding to fluid velocity. Beirlg a part pie the target meter 80, a target I has flat surface 84 disposed Jo be flush with the uE3~tream surface 16~ A connecting rod 86 has one end coupled ten the target 82 end the other end us extending 'through the wall of pipe 140 I llperture 88 it formed in the eddying body 12 for receiving the target By end evilly 90 oared in the shedder body I for containing the connecting rod I A flexor 92 pi votably Mount the rod By to the pipe 14 and also eel the cavity ED in order to prevent the flowing fluid err e~capin~. the fret end 94 of the connectirlg rod I I thereby movable in response to the force being applied Jo the target 82 by the flowing fluid.
~10 A vibrating wire symbol 109 is used to tense the movement of the end 94 of the connecting rod By. The vibrating wire embowel is well known in eye art us a force tran6ducer9 Jo only a brief description will ye 5 hereinafter printed.. A vibratable wire 102 his vine end mounted to a ~tatlonary keynoting 103 and the other end coupled to eye cc~rlnecting rod 86 allure like end 9 4 .
When the wire 1û2 it excited into vibratory motion (by apparatus note descry be 3, the frequency of vibration 10 it dependent upon the Nina ibeir,g exerted thereon as a refloat of the essayers being applied by the fluking fluid veto the target 82~ A deflecting Sarasota ~04 is ripen ivy to the vibratory frequency of the wire 102 nod produce the electrical signal denoted a pi 2.
15 The divider circuit 36 in response to the output Eros the converter 34 end the detecting circuit 104 produces the resulting signal denoted ZOO; pi corresponding to the amass f low rate ,.
While the present invention has been described with 20 refererlce to several embodilaents, it l be apparent that improvements end x~odific~'cion~ Jay be made without departing iErom the true spirit end scope of like invent showoff defined in the appended claims. Speciic~11y, the electrical signals produced by the electrical air-I cult 34, the divider circuit 36 and the converter 38 gain be ~nals)g~ digital or erroneous signal moreover the third ~mbodi~aent of the prevent invention it par-ula~ly suited for the frequency domain wins: e the conventional vortex lonelier and the vibrating wire Emily lo ore iErequency tlevi~el; . In ~ddi~sion the third embodiment can leave other Pore detecting Jeans that ore ~9~fferent from the vibrating wire type.
Claims (15)
1. A vortex-shedding flowmetering apparatus com-prising a conduit adapted for passing therethrough a flow-ing fluid;
a vortex-shedding element being fixedly mounted in said conduit and having a surface for producing vorti-ces;
a measuring plane that is disposed transversely to the direction of motion of said flowing fluid and in-tersects said surface;
vortex-responsive means for generating velocity signal that is representative of the shedding rate of aid vortices and is thereby proportional to the volu-metric flow rate of said fluid in said measuring plane, sensor means for detecting in said dependent plane a moving fluid characteristic that is dependent upon the product of fluid density and the square of said volumertic flow rate;
said sensor means operating to produce a sensor signal corresponding to said moving fluid characteris-tic; and circuit means for receiving both said sensor and velocity signals and combining these signals in accord-ance with a prescribed relationship so as to produce a flow signal proportional to the rate of mass flow e the fluid passing through the conduit.
a vortex-shedding element being fixedly mounted in said conduit and having a surface for producing vorti-ces;
a measuring plane that is disposed transversely to the direction of motion of said flowing fluid and in-tersects said surface;
vortex-responsive means for generating velocity signal that is representative of the shedding rate of aid vortices and is thereby proportional to the volu-metric flow rate of said fluid in said measuring plane, sensor means for detecting in said dependent plane a moving fluid characteristic that is dependent upon the product of fluid density and the square of said volumertic flow rate;
said sensor means operating to produce a sensor signal corresponding to said moving fluid characteris-tic; and circuit means for receiving both said sensor and velocity signals and combining these signals in accord-ance with a prescribed relationship so as to produce a flow signal proportional to the rate of mass flow e the fluid passing through the conduit.
2. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said sensor means comprises a pitot device including one port located at the intersection of said measuring plane and said surface for sensing fluid dynamic pressure and a second port disposed substantially at the intersection of said measuring plane with the inner wall of the con-duit for sensing fluid static pressure; and means responsive to said dynamic and static pressures for producing therefrom said sensor signal.
3. The apparatus of claim 2 wherein said pitot device includes at least two ports for measuring said fluid dynamic pressure; said two ports being disposed at locations where said measuring plane intersects said surface.
4. The apparatus of claim 2 wherein said surface is a flat upstream face of the vortex-shedding element.
5. The apparatus of claim 2 wherein said pressure-responsive means is differential pressure-measuring device coupled to said pitot device for re-ceiving said dynamic and static pressures.
6. The apparatus of claim 5 wherein said pressure-responsive means further includes a pressure-to-current converter coupled to the output of said differential pressure-measuring device for producing an electrical signal as the sensor signal corresponding to said moving fluid characteristic.
7. The apparatus of claim 6 wherein said circuit means is arranged to divide a characteristic of said electrical signal by characteristic of said velocity signal in order to produce said mass flow rate signal.
8. The apparatus of claim 7 wherein said charac-teristic of each of said electrical and velocity sig-nals is frequency.
9. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said sensor means is a target meter comprising a movable plate for detecting said moving fluid characteristic.
10. The apparatus of claim 9 wherein said vortex shedding element is formed with a cavity therein for receiving said target meter and movable plate.
11. The apparatus of claim 9 wherein said surface is a flat upstream face of said vortex-shedding ele-ment.
12. The apparatus of claim 9 wherein said sensor means further includes vibrating-wire device for measuring the force being applied to said target meter and thereby generating a force signal as the sensor signal responsive to said moving fluid characteristic.
13. The apparatus of claim 12 wherein said circuit means operates to divide a characteristic of said force signal, received from said vibrating-wire device, by a characteristic of said velocity signal in order to produce said mass flow rate signal.
14. The apparatus of claim 13 wherein said charac-teristic of each of said force and velocity signals is frequency.
15. In a vortex-shedding mass-flowmetering instru-ment of the type including a pipe adapted for passing therethrough a flowing fluid, a vortex-shedding element mounted in said pipe and having a surface for producing vortices which result from the interaction of said flowing fluid with said shedding element, and means responsive to said vortices for generating a velocity signal that is representative of the shedding rate of said vortices and is thereby proportional to the volu-metric flow rate of said fluid in the pipe; the im-provement in said instrument comprising:
a measuring plane disposed transversely to the direction of motion of said flowing fluid;
a pitot-type device for sensing in said measuring plane a moving fluid characteristic that is dependent upon the product of fluid density and the square of volumetric flow rate, said device including a first intake for sensing fluid dynamic pressure, a second intake for sensing fluid static pressure, and means responsive to said dynamic and static pressures for producing a sensor signal corresponding to said moving fluid characteris-tic; and means for receiving said sensor and velocity sig-nals and combining these signals in accordance with a prescribed relationship so as to produce a flow signal proportional to the rate of mass flow of the fluid passing through the pipe.
a measuring plane disposed transversely to the direction of motion of said flowing fluid;
a pitot-type device for sensing in said measuring plane a moving fluid characteristic that is dependent upon the product of fluid density and the square of volumetric flow rate, said device including a first intake for sensing fluid dynamic pressure, a second intake for sensing fluid static pressure, and means responsive to said dynamic and static pressures for producing a sensor signal corresponding to said moving fluid characteris-tic; and means for receiving said sensor and velocity sig-nals and combining these signals in accordance with a prescribed relationship so as to produce a flow signal proportional to the rate of mass flow of the fluid passing through the pipe.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US06/520,359 US4523477A (en) | 1983-08-04 | 1983-08-04 | Planar-measuring vortex-shedding mass flowmeter |
| US520,359 | 1983-08-04 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1215855A true CA1215855A (en) | 1986-12-30 |
Family
ID=24072261
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000460313A Expired CA1215855A (en) | 1983-08-04 | 1984-08-03 | Planar-measuring vortex-shedding mass flowmeter |
Country Status (10)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4523477A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0152451B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPS60501972A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU3219284A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1215855A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3479236D1 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK148785D0 (en) |
| FI (1) | FI851362L (en) |
| NO (1) | NO851375L (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1985000883A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (23)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4730500A (en) * | 1980-12-08 | 1988-03-15 | Vortran Corporation | Vortex generating mass flowmeter |
| US4735094A (en) * | 1987-01-28 | 1988-04-05 | Universal Vortex, Inc. | Dual bluff body vortex flowmeter |
| US4876880A (en) * | 1987-03-20 | 1989-10-31 | United Technologies Corporation | Densimeter |
| US5121658A (en) * | 1988-06-20 | 1992-06-16 | Lew Hyok S | Mass-volume flowmeter |
| US4941361A (en) * | 1988-06-20 | 1990-07-17 | Lew Hyok S | Three-in-one flowmeter |
| DE3916056A1 (en) * | 1989-05-17 | 1990-11-22 | Kuipers Ulrich | Measuring mass and/or vol. throughflow and/or density and/or viscosity - using sensor and choke and/or baffle element to detect differential pressure of fluid |
| US5060522A (en) * | 1990-01-19 | 1991-10-29 | Lew Hyok S | Mass-volume vortex flowmeter |
| US5152181A (en) * | 1990-01-19 | 1992-10-06 | Lew Hyok S | Mass-volume vortex flowmeter |
| US5372046A (en) * | 1992-09-30 | 1994-12-13 | Rosemount Inc. | Vortex flowmeter electronics |
| DE19619632A1 (en) * | 1996-05-15 | 1997-11-20 | S K I Schlegel & Kremer Indust | Measuring density of flowing fluid using at least two measuring points |
| US6170338B1 (en) | 1997-03-27 | 2001-01-09 | Rosemont Inc. | Vortex flowmeter with signal processing |
| US7419005B2 (en) * | 2003-07-30 | 2008-09-02 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Method of stimulating long horizontal wells to improve well productivity |
| US6957586B2 (en) * | 2003-08-15 | 2005-10-25 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | System to measure density, specific gravity, and flow rate of fluids, meter, and related methods |
| CN100523742C (en) | 2004-03-25 | 2009-08-05 | 罗斯蒙德公司 | Simplified fluid property measurement |
| US7036740B2 (en) * | 2004-09-21 | 2006-05-02 | Michael Waters | Light card |
| WO2008025934A1 (en) * | 2006-08-29 | 2008-03-06 | Richard Steven | Improvements in or relating to flow metering |
| US8844372B2 (en) * | 2010-03-23 | 2014-09-30 | Avgi Engineering, Inc. | Vortex flow meter |
| JP5846370B2 (en) * | 2011-12-09 | 2016-01-20 | 横河電機株式会社 | Transmitter |
| US8960018B2 (en) * | 2013-03-14 | 2015-02-24 | Dieterich Standard, Inc. | Pitot tube traverse assembly |
| US9157775B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2015-10-13 | Rosemount Inc. | Flowmeter for measuring flow of a process fluid through a conduit including process variable sensors mounted on a pitot tube |
| EP3378381A1 (en) * | 2017-03-24 | 2018-09-26 | Koninklijke Philips N.V. | Intravascular blood flow determination based on vortex shedding |
| EP3844461B1 (en) * | 2018-08-30 | 2023-07-19 | Micro Motion, Inc. | Non-invasive sensor for vortex flowmeter |
| CN110132364B (en) * | 2019-04-29 | 2021-01-05 | 天津大学 | Vortex street cross-correlation flowmeter based on miniature transient pressure sensor |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4372169A (en) * | 1977-04-08 | 1983-02-08 | Vortech Sciences, Inc. | Vortex generating mass flowmeter |
| JPS5576916A (en) * | 1978-12-06 | 1980-06-10 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | Sucked air quantity detector |
| DE3032578C2 (en) * | 1980-08-29 | 1983-11-03 | Battelle-Institut E.V., 6000 Frankfurt | Method and device for dynamic and density-independent determination of the mass flow |
| US4404858A (en) * | 1981-10-26 | 1983-09-20 | Ford Motor Company | Velocity and mass air flow sensor |
-
1983
- 1983-08-04 US US06/520,359 patent/US4523477A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1984
- 1984-08-01 EP EP84903123A patent/EP0152451B1/en not_active Expired
- 1984-08-01 AU AU32192/84A patent/AU3219284A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1984-08-01 DE DE8484903123T patent/DE3479236D1/en not_active Expired
- 1984-08-01 WO PCT/US1984/001207 patent/WO1985000883A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1984-08-01 JP JP59503066A patent/JPS60501972A/en active Pending
- 1984-08-03 CA CA000460313A patent/CA1215855A/en not_active Expired
-
1985
- 1985-04-02 NO NO851375A patent/NO851375L/en unknown
- 1985-04-02 DK DK148785A patent/DK148785D0/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1985-04-03 FI FI851362A patent/FI851362L/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS60501972A (en) | 1985-11-14 |
| DK148785A (en) | 1985-04-02 |
| NO851375L (en) | 1985-04-02 |
| DK148785D0 (en) | 1985-04-02 |
| EP0152451A1 (en) | 1985-08-28 |
| FI851362A0 (en) | 1985-04-03 |
| AU3219284A (en) | 1985-03-12 |
| FI851362L (en) | 1985-04-03 |
| EP0152451B1 (en) | 1989-08-02 |
| US4523477A (en) | 1985-06-18 |
| WO1985000883A1 (en) | 1985-02-28 |
| DE3479236D1 (en) | 1989-09-07 |
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