CA1212664A - Process and apparatus for progressively cooling a hot gas stream - Google Patents
Process and apparatus for progressively cooling a hot gas streamInfo
- Publication number
- CA1212664A CA1212664A CA000421400A CA421400A CA1212664A CA 1212664 A CA1212664 A CA 1212664A CA 000421400 A CA000421400 A CA 000421400A CA 421400 A CA421400 A CA 421400A CA 1212664 A CA1212664 A CA 1212664A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- inner jacket
- wall
- gas stream
- hot gas
- casing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
- F28D7/10—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged one within the other, e.g. concentrically
- F28D7/106—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged one within the other, e.g. concentrically consisting of two coaxial conduits or modules of two coaxial conduits
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
- C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
- C09C1/44—Carbon
- C09C1/48—Carbon black
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
- F28F9/005—Other auxiliary members within casings, e.g. internal filling means or sealing means
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A hot gas stream is progressively cooled in a casing having an inner jacket, an outer wall spaced outwardly of the inner wall and a heat exchanger on the outer wall. The inner wall defines an inner area through which the hot gas stream flows. An intermediate area is defined between the inner jacket and the outer wall. Heat from the hot gas stream is dissipated by radiation to the inner jacket, and then from the inner jacket by radiation to the heat exchanger, maintaining the casing outlet temperature within a predetermined narrow range.
A hot gas stream is progressively cooled in a casing having an inner jacket, an outer wall spaced outwardly of the inner wall and a heat exchanger on the outer wall. The inner wall defines an inner area through which the hot gas stream flows. An intermediate area is defined between the inner jacket and the outer wall. Heat from the hot gas stream is dissipated by radiation to the inner jacket, and then from the inner jacket by radiation to the heat exchanger, maintaining the casing outlet temperature within a predetermined narrow range.
Description
, . . 1 `~: t ~, ~LZ~Z664 The invention releats to an apparatus for progressively cooling a hot gas stream~. More particularly, the invention -elates to an apparatus wherein heat from the gas stream is dissipated ln a casing by radiation in two steps.
,~
Conventional systems for dissipating heat in a casing involve heat exchange devices onithe casing waIl, which heat exchange devices are welded to the casing wall and are formed as a function `of the anticipated operating pressure in the casing. The heat exchange devices can comprise heating or cooling ducts welded to the casing wall or lines in the casing wall which can be a thin or diaphragm wall. For removing different quantities of heat while maintaining a given outlet temperature at the casing outlet, special measures have to be taken. In particular, the cooling circuit control system must be constructed such that the outlet temper-ature does not drop below the predetermined outlet temperature. This is particularly important when the casing is used for performing reactions wherein the outlet temperature significantly affects the quality of the product being produced.
~2~2~6~
Casings, employed fo.r perforrn.ing exo-thermic reactions wherein large and varying ~uantit.i.es of heat are produced .in the reacti.on zone, require intense cooling of such zone. Conven-tional heat exchangers cannot e~fectively provide the required cooling without considerable expendi-ture and effort. Thus, other solutions have been sought.
One known sys-tem i.nvolves a direct cooling process in whi.ch a cooling me~i.um is introduced direct:ly into the reacti.on zone. rl'his process is, for example, used in the production of 10 carbon black by substoichiometric combustion of hydrocarbons.
The cooling medium used is water. However, this process suffers from the disadvantage that the carbon black produced partly agglomerates to black grit, which grit. must be ground in a further operation to permit it to be used.
The present invention provides an apparatus for progressively cooling a hot gas stream wherein -the temperature gradient at the outlet of the casing is substantially indepen-dent of the quantities of heat to be removed at the inle-t of the casing.
The present invention also provides an apparatus for progressively cooling a hot gas stream which is simple and i.nexpensive to construct and opera-te.
According to the present invention there is provided a casing for progressively cooling a hot gas stream therein, com-prising: a substantially cylindrical inner jacket surrounding an i.nner area throughwhich the hot gas stream flows, said inner jacket having a radiant energy receiving inner surface and a radiant energy emitting outer surface, said inner jacke-t being open at axial ends thereof to permi-t the hot gas stream to flow 30completely through said inner jacke-t; a substantially cylindri-cal outer wall substan-tia~ly uniformly spaced ou-twardly from said inner jacket with inner and outer surfaces, said inner ; - 2 -- \
surface of said outer wall facing said inner jacket and forming a radiant energy receiving surface receiving radiant energy from said outer sur~ace of said inner jacket; a closed, gene.rally annular intermediate area defined between said inner jacket and said outer wall, said in-termediate area being sealed from sald inner area and the atmosphere and providing an empty space between said inner jacket and said ou-ter wall; and a hea-t ex-changer coupled to said ou-ter wall; whereby heat is dissipated from the hot gas stream by radia-tion to said inner jacket, and lQ t.hen from said i.nner jacket by radiat.ion to said heat exchanger.
Thus according to the invention in the casing for pro-gressively cooli.ng a hot gas stream in a casing, the hot gas stream is conveyed through an inner area of a casing having a casing wall in fluid contact with a cooling medium and a radiant surface between the inner area and casing wall. Heat
,~
Conventional systems for dissipating heat in a casing involve heat exchange devices onithe casing waIl, which heat exchange devices are welded to the casing wall and are formed as a function `of the anticipated operating pressure in the casing. The heat exchange devices can comprise heating or cooling ducts welded to the casing wall or lines in the casing wall which can be a thin or diaphragm wall. For removing different quantities of heat while maintaining a given outlet temperature at the casing outlet, special measures have to be taken. In particular, the cooling circuit control system must be constructed such that the outlet temper-ature does not drop below the predetermined outlet temperature. This is particularly important when the casing is used for performing reactions wherein the outlet temperature significantly affects the quality of the product being produced.
~2~2~6~
Casings, employed fo.r perforrn.ing exo-thermic reactions wherein large and varying ~uantit.i.es of heat are produced .in the reacti.on zone, require intense cooling of such zone. Conven-tional heat exchangers cannot e~fectively provide the required cooling without considerable expendi-ture and effort. Thus, other solutions have been sought.
One known sys-tem i.nvolves a direct cooling process in whi.ch a cooling me~i.um is introduced direct:ly into the reacti.on zone. rl'his process is, for example, used in the production of 10 carbon black by substoichiometric combustion of hydrocarbons.
The cooling medium used is water. However, this process suffers from the disadvantage that the carbon black produced partly agglomerates to black grit, which grit. must be ground in a further operation to permit it to be used.
The present invention provides an apparatus for progressively cooling a hot gas stream wherein -the temperature gradient at the outlet of the casing is substantially indepen-dent of the quantities of heat to be removed at the inle-t of the casing.
The present invention also provides an apparatus for progressively cooling a hot gas stream which is simple and i.nexpensive to construct and opera-te.
According to the present invention there is provided a casing for progressively cooling a hot gas stream therein, com-prising: a substantially cylindrical inner jacket surrounding an i.nner area throughwhich the hot gas stream flows, said inner jacket having a radiant energy receiving inner surface and a radiant energy emitting outer surface, said inner jacke-t being open at axial ends thereof to permi-t the hot gas stream to flow 30completely through said inner jacke-t; a substantially cylindri-cal outer wall substan-tia~ly uniformly spaced ou-twardly from said inner jacket with inner and outer surfaces, said inner ; - 2 -- \
surface of said outer wall facing said inner jacket and forming a radiant energy receiving surface receiving radiant energy from said outer sur~ace of said inner jacket; a closed, gene.rally annular intermediate area defined between said inner jacket and said outer wall, said in-termediate area being sealed from sald inner area and the atmosphere and providing an empty space between said inner jacket and said ou-ter wall; and a hea-t ex-changer coupled to said ou-ter wall; whereby heat is dissipated from the hot gas stream by radia-tion to said inner jacket, and lQ t.hen from said i.nner jacket by radiat.ion to said heat exchanger.
Thus according to the invention in the casing for pro-gressively cooli.ng a hot gas stream in a casing, the hot gas stream is conveyed through an inner area of a casing having a casing wall in fluid contact with a cooling medium and a radiant surface between the inner area and casing wall. Heat
- 2~ -
-3-~%~
from the gas stream is dissipated by radiation to the surface, and then from the radiation surface by radia-tion to the cooling mediu~
~ he casing or progressively cooling a ho-t gas s-tream, -thus comprises an inner jacket, an outer wall spaced outwardly Erom the inner jacket and a heat exchanger located on the ou~er surface of the outer wall. The inner jacket surrounds an inner area through which the ho-t gas stream ~lows. ~leat is dissipated from the hot gas stream by racliation to the inner jacket, and then from the inner jacket by radia-tion to the heat exchanger.
This casing is particularly effective for exothermic reactions such as the ignition of a mixture of air and oil. The heat generated during the reaction must be dissipated in a dosed manner to ensure that the temperature of the product at the casing outlet is within a predetermined, narrow temperature range.
The use of t~o radiation steps, i.e., from the gas to the inner jacket and from the inner jacket to the outer wall, provides the required cooling such that the temperature peaks occuring with different mixing ratios have only a limited effect on the temperature profile toward the casing outlet. Thus, the system of the present invention does not require external control, i.e~, of the cooling system of the heat exchanger.
Within the context of the present invention, the term "casing" covers lines and vessels, particularly reaction vessels, operated by overpressure or under-pressure and in which high temperatures occur.
A particularly advantageous embodiment o~ the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings wherein:-~IL21Z6~4 Figure 1 is a schematic, side elevational view insection of a casing for progressively cooling a hot gas stream in accordance with the present inven-tion; and Figure 2 is a graph illustra~ing temperature gradients in the casing of Figure 1 used as a reactor for producing carbon black.
Figure 1 graphically illustrates a casing 2 con-structed as a reactor. The casing 2 has an inner area 3 with any desired cross-sectional configuration, e.g., circular, rectagonal or polygonal. Inlet E and outlet A
are located on opposite sides of casing 2. The casing or reactor shown in Figure 1 can be used for producing carbon black from hydrocarbons by the process according to the present invention.
Casing 2 comprises an outer wall having a heat exchanger 5 in the form of a jacket welded to the outer surface of outer wall 4. However, the heat exchanger 5 can also be constructed in other known ways, for example, in a form previously described.
The inner area 3 is peripherally bounded by an inner jacket 6, which jacket is spaced inwardly from outer wall 4 defining an annular intermediate area 7 therebetween which is a void or is filled with air. On its outlet side, intermediate area 7 is separated by a seal 8 from inner area 3. Intermediate area 7 is also closed or sealed on its inlet side by a cover plate 9.
Inner jacket 6 is fixed to cover plate S by means of a flange 10 extending towards outer wall 4. Outer wall 4 is connected by a flange 11 to the edge oE cover plate 9.
A connector 12 is provided on the outlet side of heat exchanger 5. A further connector 13 is provided on the inlet side of the heat exchanger. The directions of the illustrated arrows indicate that the cooling medium ~Z~Z61~
enters at connector 12 and that the cooling medium exits at connector 13.
A terminating cone 14 is mounted below outer wall 4 having an outlet port 15 connected to downstream appara-tus required Eor treating the carbon black produced.
Cover plate 9 supports those parts of ~he reactor with which the oxygen carrier, usually air, and the hydrocarbons are introduced into the inner area 3. The oxy~en carrier is fed from an oxygen source 16 through a line 17 into a distributor 18. The distributor has openings 19 on its casing side through which the oxygen carrier is introduced into mixing chambers 20. In the chambers, the oxygen carrier is mixed with the hydro-carbons injected through a nozzle 21. The hydrocarbons are supplied to nozzle 21 through lines 23 from a storage container 22. The mixture is fed from mixing chambers 20 into inner area 3.
In the inner area, the mixture is continuously ignited causing a powerful exothermic reaction. The heat generated during the reaction must be removed in dosed manner to ensure that the product temperature at the outlet is within a predetermined narrow temperature range. The maintaining of this temperature has a significant effect on the product quality obtained.
Thus, the gas outlet temperature must be largely inde-pendent of the quantity of heat released.
The heat transfer from the reaction gas and reac-tion product takes place by means of radiation to the inner surface of inner jacket 6. The temperature on the outer surface of inner jacket 6 is increased by heat conduction. Inner jacket 6 forms a radiant surface radiating heat to outer wall 4. Since the heat transfer by radiation increases with the fourth power of the temperature, convective and conductive heat transfer of the gas in the immediate area has only a very minor effect. The heat absorbed in outer wall 4 is trans-ferred to a suitable cooling medium, e.g., boiling water.
~ZlZ~6g~
Figure 2 shows the action of the cooling system according to the present invention comprising the series connection of two radiation processes, i.e., of the gas in inner area 3 to inner jacket 6 and from inner jacket 6 to outer wall 4.
Figure 2 illustrates two reactions for producing two different carbon black qualities. The continuou5 lines show the temperature gradient in the gas over the length L of inner area 3 from inlet E to outlet A. 'rhe broken lines show the temperature gradient of inner jacket 6 for the two operating cases. The dot-dash line shows the wall temperature of heat exchanger S. In operating case I with the hiyhest gas temperature of approximately 1900C, a black quality is produced in which the oxygen proportion is relatively high. In the second operating case II with the much lower maximum gas temperature of approximately 1000~C, a black quality is produced in which the oxygen proportion is relatively low.
However, it is apparent from Figure 2 that the temperature gradient at the outlet A of the reactor is largely independent of the temperature peak reached at the reactor inlet E. On modifying the operating condi-tions in the production of different carbon black types by widely varying the oil-to-air ratio, varying temper-ature peaks are obtained which have only a limited effect on the temperature profile towards reactor outlet A. No action has to be taken from the outside, i.e., by the cooling system control. Thus, the desired reaction conditions towards the reactor outlet A are obtained largely independently of what happens at the reactor inlet E without any external action being required.
The cooling process and apparatus of the present invention is advantageous since thè temperature peaks occurring during the reaction rapidly drop to a rela-tively low temperature compared with the high reaction temperature, and further cooling only takes place slowly. Due to this selective heat dissipation, the lZ~69~
quantity of heat, yenerated during the reaction and dependent on the specific reaction heat and the through quantity, only has a very limited effect on the outlet temperature of the reaction yases. In addition, the ternperature of the cooling medium and outer wall 4 has virtually no effect on the temperature gradient of the reaction gas. Thus, the choice of the cooling medium can be adapted to other requirements, e.g., for a particularly appropriate further use of the heat.
from the gas stream is dissipated by radiation to the surface, and then from the radiation surface by radia-tion to the cooling mediu~
~ he casing or progressively cooling a ho-t gas s-tream, -thus comprises an inner jacket, an outer wall spaced outwardly Erom the inner jacket and a heat exchanger located on the ou~er surface of the outer wall. The inner jacket surrounds an inner area through which the ho-t gas stream ~lows. ~leat is dissipated from the hot gas stream by racliation to the inner jacket, and then from the inner jacket by radia-tion to the heat exchanger.
This casing is particularly effective for exothermic reactions such as the ignition of a mixture of air and oil. The heat generated during the reaction must be dissipated in a dosed manner to ensure that the temperature of the product at the casing outlet is within a predetermined, narrow temperature range.
The use of t~o radiation steps, i.e., from the gas to the inner jacket and from the inner jacket to the outer wall, provides the required cooling such that the temperature peaks occuring with different mixing ratios have only a limited effect on the temperature profile toward the casing outlet. Thus, the system of the present invention does not require external control, i.e~, of the cooling system of the heat exchanger.
Within the context of the present invention, the term "casing" covers lines and vessels, particularly reaction vessels, operated by overpressure or under-pressure and in which high temperatures occur.
A particularly advantageous embodiment o~ the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings wherein:-~IL21Z6~4 Figure 1 is a schematic, side elevational view insection of a casing for progressively cooling a hot gas stream in accordance with the present inven-tion; and Figure 2 is a graph illustra~ing temperature gradients in the casing of Figure 1 used as a reactor for producing carbon black.
Figure 1 graphically illustrates a casing 2 con-structed as a reactor. The casing 2 has an inner area 3 with any desired cross-sectional configuration, e.g., circular, rectagonal or polygonal. Inlet E and outlet A
are located on opposite sides of casing 2. The casing or reactor shown in Figure 1 can be used for producing carbon black from hydrocarbons by the process according to the present invention.
Casing 2 comprises an outer wall having a heat exchanger 5 in the form of a jacket welded to the outer surface of outer wall 4. However, the heat exchanger 5 can also be constructed in other known ways, for example, in a form previously described.
The inner area 3 is peripherally bounded by an inner jacket 6, which jacket is spaced inwardly from outer wall 4 defining an annular intermediate area 7 therebetween which is a void or is filled with air. On its outlet side, intermediate area 7 is separated by a seal 8 from inner area 3. Intermediate area 7 is also closed or sealed on its inlet side by a cover plate 9.
Inner jacket 6 is fixed to cover plate S by means of a flange 10 extending towards outer wall 4. Outer wall 4 is connected by a flange 11 to the edge oE cover plate 9.
A connector 12 is provided on the outlet side of heat exchanger 5. A further connector 13 is provided on the inlet side of the heat exchanger. The directions of the illustrated arrows indicate that the cooling medium ~Z~Z61~
enters at connector 12 and that the cooling medium exits at connector 13.
A terminating cone 14 is mounted below outer wall 4 having an outlet port 15 connected to downstream appara-tus required Eor treating the carbon black produced.
Cover plate 9 supports those parts of ~he reactor with which the oxygen carrier, usually air, and the hydrocarbons are introduced into the inner area 3. The oxy~en carrier is fed from an oxygen source 16 through a line 17 into a distributor 18. The distributor has openings 19 on its casing side through which the oxygen carrier is introduced into mixing chambers 20. In the chambers, the oxygen carrier is mixed with the hydro-carbons injected through a nozzle 21. The hydrocarbons are supplied to nozzle 21 through lines 23 from a storage container 22. The mixture is fed from mixing chambers 20 into inner area 3.
In the inner area, the mixture is continuously ignited causing a powerful exothermic reaction. The heat generated during the reaction must be removed in dosed manner to ensure that the product temperature at the outlet is within a predetermined narrow temperature range. The maintaining of this temperature has a significant effect on the product quality obtained.
Thus, the gas outlet temperature must be largely inde-pendent of the quantity of heat released.
The heat transfer from the reaction gas and reac-tion product takes place by means of radiation to the inner surface of inner jacket 6. The temperature on the outer surface of inner jacket 6 is increased by heat conduction. Inner jacket 6 forms a radiant surface radiating heat to outer wall 4. Since the heat transfer by radiation increases with the fourth power of the temperature, convective and conductive heat transfer of the gas in the immediate area has only a very minor effect. The heat absorbed in outer wall 4 is trans-ferred to a suitable cooling medium, e.g., boiling water.
~ZlZ~6g~
Figure 2 shows the action of the cooling system according to the present invention comprising the series connection of two radiation processes, i.e., of the gas in inner area 3 to inner jacket 6 and from inner jacket 6 to outer wall 4.
Figure 2 illustrates two reactions for producing two different carbon black qualities. The continuou5 lines show the temperature gradient in the gas over the length L of inner area 3 from inlet E to outlet A. 'rhe broken lines show the temperature gradient of inner jacket 6 for the two operating cases. The dot-dash line shows the wall temperature of heat exchanger S. In operating case I with the hiyhest gas temperature of approximately 1900C, a black quality is produced in which the oxygen proportion is relatively high. In the second operating case II with the much lower maximum gas temperature of approximately 1000~C, a black quality is produced in which the oxygen proportion is relatively low.
However, it is apparent from Figure 2 that the temperature gradient at the outlet A of the reactor is largely independent of the temperature peak reached at the reactor inlet E. On modifying the operating condi-tions in the production of different carbon black types by widely varying the oil-to-air ratio, varying temper-ature peaks are obtained which have only a limited effect on the temperature profile towards reactor outlet A. No action has to be taken from the outside, i.e., by the cooling system control. Thus, the desired reaction conditions towards the reactor outlet A are obtained largely independently of what happens at the reactor inlet E without any external action being required.
The cooling process and apparatus of the present invention is advantageous since thè temperature peaks occurring during the reaction rapidly drop to a rela-tively low temperature compared with the high reaction temperature, and further cooling only takes place slowly. Due to this selective heat dissipation, the lZ~69~
quantity of heat, yenerated during the reaction and dependent on the specific reaction heat and the through quantity, only has a very limited effect on the outlet temperature of the reaction yases. In addition, the ternperature of the cooling medium and outer wall 4 has virtually no effect on the temperature gradient of the reaction gas. Thus, the choice of the cooling medium can be adapted to other requirements, e.g., for a particularly appropriate further use of the heat.
Claims (8)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. A casing for progressively cooling a hot gas stream therein, comprising: a substantially cylindrical inner jacket surrounding an inner area through which the hot gas stream flows, said inner jacket having a radiant energy receiving inner surface and a radiant energy emitting outer surface, said inner jacket being open at axial ends thereof to permit the hot gas stream to flow completely through said inner jacket; a substantially cylindrical outer wall substantially uniformly spaced outwardly from said inner jacket with inner and outer surfaces, said inner surface of said outer wall facing said inner jacket and forming a radiant energy receiving surface receiving radiant energy from said outer surface of said inner jacket; a closed, generally annular intermediate area defined between said inner jacket and said outer wall, said intermediate area being sealed from said inner area and the atmosphere and providing an empty space between said inner jacket and said outer wall; and a heat exchanger coupled to said outer wall;
whereby heat is dissipated from the hot gas stream by radia-tion to said inner jacket, and then from said inner jacket by radiation to said heat exchanger.
whereby heat is dissipated from the hot gas stream by radia-tion to said inner jacket, and then from said inner jacket by radiation to said heat exchanger.
2. A casing according to claim 1, wherein said outer wall forms part of said heat exchanger.
3. A casing according to claim 2, wherein said outer wall is a thin, diaphragm wall.
4. A casing according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein said inner jacket is made from heat resistant material.
5. A casing according to claim, 1, 2 or 3, wherein said inner jacket is made from metal.
6. A casing according to claim 1, wherein means for reacting materials in a gaseous state at elevated temperatures is coupled to said inner jacket.
7. A casing according to claim 6, wherein said means creates exothermic reactions.
8. A casing according to claim 7, wherein said means produces carbon black.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH899/82-8 | 1982-02-12 | ||
| CH899/82A CH657072A5 (en) | 1982-02-12 | 1982-02-12 | METHOD AND HOUSING FOR CONTINUOUSLY COOLING A HOT GAS FLOW. |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1212664A true CA1212664A (en) | 1986-10-14 |
Family
ID=4197767
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000421400A Expired CA1212664A (en) | 1982-02-12 | 1983-02-11 | Process and apparatus for progressively cooling a hot gas stream |
Country Status (18)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS58203394A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU558967B2 (en) |
| BE (1) | BE895847A (en) |
| BR (1) | BR8300648A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1212664A (en) |
| CH (1) | CH657072A5 (en) |
| DD (1) | DD209684A5 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3304174A1 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK61783A (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2521708A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2115130B (en) |
| IN (1) | IN157703B (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1160717B (en) |
| NL (1) | NL8300305A (en) |
| NO (1) | NO830461L (en) |
| RO (1) | RO86102B (en) |
| SE (1) | SE8300703L (en) |
| SU (1) | SU1301325A3 (en) |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2002003A (en) * | 1930-09-20 | 1935-05-21 | Ig Farbenindustrie Ag | Production of acetylene and carbon black |
| GB427396A (en) * | 1932-10-17 | 1935-04-15 | Fr Du Carbonalpha Et De Ses De | Improvements in the production of carbon black |
| US2151516A (en) * | 1936-02-20 | 1939-03-21 | Philadelphia And Reading Coal | Radiation heater |
| US2210854A (en) * | 1938-04-08 | 1940-08-06 | Philadelphia & Reading Coal & | Heating apparatus |
| BE661092A (en) * | 1964-03-14 | 1965-07-01 | ||
| US3669079A (en) * | 1970-08-06 | 1972-06-13 | Robert B Black | Water heater |
| DE2613186C3 (en) * | 1976-03-27 | 1979-03-22 | Hans 3559 Battenberg Viessmann | Heating boilers for liquid or gaseous fuels |
| AT378257B (en) * | 1977-05-14 | 1985-07-10 | Viessmann Hans | HEATING BOILER FOR THE COMBUSTION OF LIQUID OR GASEOUS FUELS, ESPECIALLY FOR SMALLER PERFORMANCE RANGES |
| DE3102742A1 (en) * | 1980-02-04 | 1982-01-14 | Franz Ing. 1140 Wien Lindmayr | Appliance heated by a gas-operated burner |
| IT1128365B (en) * | 1980-02-18 | 1986-05-28 | Ricerche Spa Centro | LIQUID GAS HEAT EXCHANGER |
-
1982
- 1982-02-12 CH CH899/82A patent/CH657072A5/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1983
- 1983-01-27 NL NL8300305A patent/NL8300305A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1983-01-31 IT IT19366/83A patent/IT1160717B/en active
- 1983-02-02 GB GB08302810A patent/GB2115130B/en not_active Expired
- 1983-02-07 AU AU11187/83A patent/AU558967B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1983-02-08 IN IN144/CAL/83A patent/IN157703B/en unknown
- 1983-02-08 BE BE0/210072A patent/BE895847A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1983-02-08 DE DE19833304174 patent/DE3304174A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1983-02-09 BR BR8300648A patent/BR8300648A/en unknown
- 1983-02-10 SE SE8300703A patent/SE8300703L/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1983-02-10 JP JP58019887A patent/JPS58203394A/en active Pending
- 1983-02-10 RO RO109968A patent/RO86102B/en unknown
- 1983-02-11 FR FR8302179A patent/FR2521708A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1983-02-11 CA CA000421400A patent/CA1212664A/en not_active Expired
- 1983-02-11 DK DK61783A patent/DK61783A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1983-02-11 NO NO830461A patent/NO830461L/en unknown
- 1983-02-11 SU SU833551518A patent/SU1301325A3/en active
- 1983-02-14 DD DD83247931A patent/DD209684A5/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| IT1160717B (en) | 1987-03-11 |
| SE8300703L (en) | 1983-08-13 |
| AU558967B2 (en) | 1987-02-19 |
| SE8300703D0 (en) | 1983-02-10 |
| NL8300305A (en) | 1983-09-01 |
| FR2521708A1 (en) | 1983-08-19 |
| IN157703B (en) | 1986-05-24 |
| GB2115130B (en) | 1985-07-17 |
| BR8300648A (en) | 1983-11-08 |
| DD209684A5 (en) | 1984-05-16 |
| GB2115130A (en) | 1983-09-01 |
| RO86102B (en) | 1985-03-01 |
| CH657072A5 (en) | 1986-08-15 |
| BE895847A (en) | 1983-05-30 |
| DK61783A (en) | 1983-08-13 |
| RO86102A (en) | 1985-02-25 |
| DE3304174A1 (en) | 1983-08-25 |
| SU1301325A3 (en) | 1987-03-30 |
| JPS58203394A (en) | 1983-11-26 |
| AU1118783A (en) | 1983-08-18 |
| NO830461L (en) | 1983-08-15 |
| IT8319366A0 (en) | 1983-01-31 |
| DK61783D0 (en) | 1983-02-11 |
| GB8302810D0 (en) | 1983-03-09 |
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