CA1208461A - Method of explosive welding of materials - Google Patents
Method of explosive welding of materialsInfo
- Publication number
- CA1208461A CA1208461A CA000443935A CA443935A CA1208461A CA 1208461 A CA1208461 A CA 1208461A CA 000443935 A CA000443935 A CA 000443935A CA 443935 A CA443935 A CA 443935A CA 1208461 A CA1208461 A CA 1208461A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- base plate
- tube
- welding
- explosive
- materials
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
- F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
- F28F9/04—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates
- F28F9/16—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates by permanent joints, e.g. by rolling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/06—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating by means of high energy impulses, e.g. magnetic energy
- B23K20/08—Explosive welding
- B23K20/085—Explosive welding for tubes, e.g. plugging
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
- Details Of Heat-Exchange And Heat-Transfer (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A method of explosively welding materials, and particularly of explosively welding tubes to heat exchanger tube plates, characterized in that the direction of propagation of the detonation of the explosive material is opposite to the direction of the welding.
A method of explosively welding materials, and particularly of explosively welding tubes to heat exchanger tube plates, characterized in that the direction of propagation of the detonation of the explosive material is opposite to the direction of the welding.
Description
~zo~
The subject of the present invention is a method of explosive welding on a definite segment, which can find an application especially in the production and repairs of shell-and-tube heat exchangers.
The utilization of an explosive in the processes of binding of metals is known and applied in the world, for example, in the process of explosive welding of tubes with tube plates of heat exchangers.
A broad review of the state of art in the problem of explosive welding of metals has been presented in an article by B. Crossland entitled:
"Review of the present state-of-the-art in explosive welding" published in Metals Technology, January 1976.
Hitherto, from British Patents Nos. 1~572rll3~
1~280~451~ 1~521~256~ U. S. Patent No. A,117,966, G.F.R. Patent No. 1~949~573 there is known a method of explosive welding in the arrangement of a parallel set-up of a tube or a plug in relation to the surface of a hole in a tube plate.
From British Patents Nos~ 9 ~ 387 1~439~141~ 1~541~410~ G.~.R. Patent No. 1~949~573~
U.S. Paten~ No. 4~117~966 there is known a method of explosive welding with the application of the angle of initial obliquity of walls of a tube or a plug in relation to a hole in a tube plate.
In both methods, in all known solutions, the direction of the course of the detonation process of an explosive is compatible with the direction of 3Q the course of welding a tube with a tube plate.
Basic disadvantages of the hitherto applied solutions of the process of explosive welding of tubes with densely perforated tube plates, restricting a broader application thereof are:
1) for the method of the parallel set-up of the tube and the hole in the tube plate:
- a relatively large susceptibility of the process to non-parallelism of the initial set-up of the tube in relation to the hole in the tube pla'e, - the necessity of applying explosives having a small detonation velocity within the limits of 2,000 - 4,000 m/sec., - the difficulty in producing an explosive having a small critical diameter ensuring an appropriate value of the ratio of the radial velocity of the tube to the deton-ation velocity, that is the ratio ensuring an appropriate value of the dynamic collision angle,
The subject of the present invention is a method of explosive welding on a definite segment, which can find an application especially in the production and repairs of shell-and-tube heat exchangers.
The utilization of an explosive in the processes of binding of metals is known and applied in the world, for example, in the process of explosive welding of tubes with tube plates of heat exchangers.
A broad review of the state of art in the problem of explosive welding of metals has been presented in an article by B. Crossland entitled:
"Review of the present state-of-the-art in explosive welding" published in Metals Technology, January 1976.
Hitherto, from British Patents Nos. 1~572rll3~
1~280~451~ 1~521~256~ U. S. Patent No. A,117,966, G.F.R. Patent No. 1~949~573 there is known a method of explosive welding in the arrangement of a parallel set-up of a tube or a plug in relation to the surface of a hole in a tube plate.
From British Patents Nos~ 9 ~ 387 1~439~141~ 1~541~410~ G.~.R. Patent No. 1~949~573~
U.S. Paten~ No. 4~117~966 there is known a method of explosive welding with the application of the angle of initial obliquity of walls of a tube or a plug in relation to a hole in a tube plate.
In both methods, in all known solutions, the direction of the course of the detonation process of an explosive is compatible with the direction of 3Q the course of welding a tube with a tube plate.
Basic disadvantages of the hitherto applied solutions of the process of explosive welding of tubes with densely perforated tube plates, restricting a broader application thereof are:
1) for the method of the parallel set-up of the tube and the hole in the tube plate:
- a relatively large susceptibility of the process to non-parallelism of the initial set-up of the tube in relation to the hole in the tube pla'e, - the necessity of applying explosives having a small detonation velocity within the limits of 2,000 - 4,000 m/sec., - the difficulty in producing an explosive having a small critical diameter ensuring an appropriate value of the ratio of the radial velocity of the tube to the deton-ation velocity, that is the ratio ensuring an appropriate value of the dynamic collision angle,
2) for the method with the applicationof the initial 2~ inclination angle of walls of the tube in relation to the surface of the hole in the tube plate:
- the necessity of labour-consuming connection of wires of each detonator placed inside the tube with the explosive network, - a high cost of effecting one connection, mainly due to a high cost of the detonator.
The method of explosive welding of materials, according to the invention, ensures a relatively large geometrical operating tolerance in the process, a low unit material cost and unit labour-consumption of effecting one connection, ana gives a possibility of welding a tube with a tube plate, in one operation and by means of one explosive charge, with a segment greater than the thickness of the tube, with simul-taneous expanding the tube along the remaining part of the tube plate.
The method of explosive welding of materials, according to the invention, consists in that an explosive charge is placed on a plate to be welded on and is detonated from the frontal side of the said plate, ana that the appropriate explosive, the shape and the dimensions of the gap between the base plate and the plate to be welded on as well as the shape of the inertial layer are selected so that at the segment meant ~or welding the direction of propagation of the detonation of the explosive and the direction of propagation of the impact point or welded materials have opposite senses.
The method according to the invention ensures ease of the explosive welding operation, a high yield thereof and a high quality of the bond.
~0 When conducting the process of explosive welding according to the invention it is possible to use explosives with very large detonation velocities greater than S, ono m/sec. Particularl~ advantageous results are achievea when using the method according to the invention in the process of welding tubes with small diameters in densely perforated tube plates.
The process o~ explosive welding of materials, according to the invention, is explained in more detail in an example of its embodiment in the drawing, in which:-A
-- ~2C1 ~4~L
FIGURE 1 is a schematic diagram of the method;
FIGU~E 2 shows the assembly prepared for use; and FIGURE 3 shows the process of welding a tube with a tube plate.
An explosive 3 is placed on an inertial layer 5 and detonated in the direction of the axis from the frontal side 6 of the base plate 2, driving the plate 1 to be welded on in the direction of the ~ase plate 2 over the segment A the process of pressure welding of materials occurs. The geometry of the arrangement is such that at the segment A the deton-ation velocity D of the explosive 3 and the projec-tion Vk of the velocity ~k of the impact point k of materials being welded have opposite directions.
At explosive welding of a tube with a tube plate the explosive charge is placed co-axially in a tube 1. The agent initiating the detonation is placed from the frontal side of the tube plate 2.
Detonation is initiated by a detonator ~, at indivi-dual firing or by a detonating fuse in the case of group charges. The welded bond is obtained over a segment A. The selection of an appropriate explosive
- the necessity of labour-consuming connection of wires of each detonator placed inside the tube with the explosive network, - a high cost of effecting one connection, mainly due to a high cost of the detonator.
The method of explosive welding of materials, according to the invention, ensures a relatively large geometrical operating tolerance in the process, a low unit material cost and unit labour-consumption of effecting one connection, ana gives a possibility of welding a tube with a tube plate, in one operation and by means of one explosive charge, with a segment greater than the thickness of the tube, with simul-taneous expanding the tube along the remaining part of the tube plate.
The method of explosive welding of materials, according to the invention, consists in that an explosive charge is placed on a plate to be welded on and is detonated from the frontal side of the said plate, ana that the appropriate explosive, the shape and the dimensions of the gap between the base plate and the plate to be welded on as well as the shape of the inertial layer are selected so that at the segment meant ~or welding the direction of propagation of the detonation of the explosive and the direction of propagation of the impact point or welded materials have opposite senses.
The method according to the invention ensures ease of the explosive welding operation, a high yield thereof and a high quality of the bond.
~0 When conducting the process of explosive welding according to the invention it is possible to use explosives with very large detonation velocities greater than S, ono m/sec. Particularl~ advantageous results are achievea when using the method according to the invention in the process of welding tubes with small diameters in densely perforated tube plates.
The process o~ explosive welding of materials, according to the invention, is explained in more detail in an example of its embodiment in the drawing, in which:-A
-- ~2C1 ~4~L
FIGURE 1 is a schematic diagram of the method;
FIGU~E 2 shows the assembly prepared for use; and FIGURE 3 shows the process of welding a tube with a tube plate.
An explosive 3 is placed on an inertial layer 5 and detonated in the direction of the axis from the frontal side 6 of the base plate 2, driving the plate 1 to be welded on in the direction of the ~ase plate 2 over the segment A the process of pressure welding of materials occurs. The geometry of the arrangement is such that at the segment A the deton-ation velocity D of the explosive 3 and the projec-tion Vk of the velocity ~k of the impact point k of materials being welded have opposite directions.
At explosive welding of a tube with a tube plate the explosive charge is placed co-axially in a tube 1. The agent initiating the detonation is placed from the frontal side of the tube plate 2.
Detonation is initiated by a detonator ~, at indivi-dual firing or by a detonating fuse in the case of group charges. The welded bond is obtained over a segment A. The selection of an appropriate explosive
3, the shape of the charge casing, functioning at the same time as an inertial layer 5, and providing an angle ~ o~ a cone-shaped aperture tube plate 2 to be larger than an angle c~ of dynamic welding ensure that the explosive welding process progresses according to the invention.
Claims (2)
1. In a method of explosive welding of materials, capable of being particularly employed for attaching tubes to tube walls, and the like, the improvements which comprise the steps of:
a) providing a base plate material with an aperture having a tapered portion expanding toward one face thereof;
b) placing a hollow plate material to be welded to said base plate in said aperture;
c) mounting an explosive assembly in said hollow plate;
d) detonating said explosive assembly to pro-vide propagation of the detonation of said explosive material in a direction extending away from said face of said base plate, causing a selected length between said plate material and base plate to be welded progressively from an initial point of impact of said materials being welded together in a direction opposite to said one direction of propagation of detonation;
e) during said welding step providing a dynamic angle of welding said materials which angle is smaller than the selected angle of taper of said aperture in said base plate material.
a) providing a base plate material with an aperture having a tapered portion expanding toward one face thereof;
b) placing a hollow plate material to be welded to said base plate in said aperture;
c) mounting an explosive assembly in said hollow plate;
d) detonating said explosive assembly to pro-vide propagation of the detonation of said explosive material in a direction extending away from said face of said base plate, causing a selected length between said plate material and base plate to be welded progressively from an initial point of impact of said materials being welded together in a direction opposite to said one direction of propagation of detonation;
e) during said welding step providing a dynamic angle of welding said materials which angle is smaller than the selected angle of taper of said aperture in said base plate material.
2. A method as defined in claim 1, wherein said base plate material to be welded comprises a tube mounted within a tube base plate, and including the step of providing between said tube and aperture in said base plate a taper which converges away from said one face of said base plate toward the direction of propagation of said explosive material after detonation thereof and having a taper angle larger than the effective angle of dynamic welding between said tube and base plate as said impact point of welding progressively moves from the said initial impact point in said opposite direction.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PL23980582A PL140860B1 (en) | 1982-12-27 | 1982-12-27 | Explosive material bonding method |
| PLP-239805 | 1982-12-27 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1208461A true CA1208461A (en) | 1986-07-29 |
Family
ID=20015289
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000443935A Expired CA1208461A (en) | 1982-12-27 | 1983-12-21 | Method of explosive welding of materials |
Country Status (10)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0112578B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPS59147789A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1208461A (en) |
| CS (1) | CS266322B2 (en) |
| DD (1) | DD214079A5 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3371607D1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES8600099A1 (en) |
| HU (1) | HU189395B (en) |
| PL (1) | PL140860B1 (en) |
| RO (1) | RO88706A (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103878474A (en) * | 2014-04-04 | 2014-06-25 | 安徽弘雷金属复合材料科技有限公司 | Explosive welding method for solving problem that explosion points of rare and precious metallic composite plates are not in fit |
| US10403980B2 (en) | 2016-03-17 | 2019-09-03 | Oxbridge Pulsar Sources Ltd. | Polarization current antennas that generate superluminal polarization current waves having acceleration and related methods of exciting such antennas |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3728780A (en) * | 1970-01-24 | 1973-04-24 | Inst Science And Technology | Explosive cladding on geometrically non-uniform metal material |
| GB1584451A (en) * | 1978-02-23 | 1981-02-11 | Int Research & Dev Co Ltd | Repair of tube to tube-plate joints |
-
1982
- 1982-12-27 PL PL23980582A patent/PL140860B1/en unknown
-
1983
- 1983-12-21 CA CA000443935A patent/CA1208461A/en not_active Expired
- 1983-12-23 DD DD25858883A patent/DD214079A5/en unknown
- 1983-12-27 JP JP24497583A patent/JPS59147789A/en active Pending
- 1983-12-27 RO RO83113078A patent/RO88706A/en unknown
- 1983-12-27 HU HU448383A patent/HU189395B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1983-12-27 ES ES528446A patent/ES8600099A1/en not_active Expired
- 1983-12-27 CS CS8310013A patent/CS266322B2/en unknown
- 1983-12-27 EP EP19830113122 patent/EP0112578B1/en not_active Expired
- 1983-12-27 DE DE8383113122T patent/DE3371607D1/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CS266322B2 (en) | 1989-12-13 |
| PL140860B1 (en) | 1987-06-30 |
| HUT34606A (en) | 1985-03-28 |
| RO88706A (en) | 1986-04-30 |
| CS1001383A2 (en) | 1989-02-10 |
| PL239805A1 (en) | 1984-07-16 |
| EP0112578A1 (en) | 1984-07-04 |
| EP0112578B1 (en) | 1987-05-20 |
| DE3371607D1 (en) | 1987-06-25 |
| HU189395B (en) | 1986-06-30 |
| DD214079A5 (en) | 1984-10-03 |
| JPS59147789A (en) | 1984-08-24 |
| ES528446A0 (en) | 1985-10-01 |
| ES8600099A1 (en) | 1985-10-01 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |