CA1204702A - Dc furnace and a process for generation of reduction gas - Google Patents
Dc furnace and a process for generation of reduction gasInfo
- Publication number
- CA1204702A CA1204702A CA000429879A CA429879A CA1204702A CA 1204702 A CA1204702 A CA 1204702A CA 000429879 A CA000429879 A CA 000429879A CA 429879 A CA429879 A CA 429879A CA 1204702 A CA1204702 A CA 1204702A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- gas
- arc
- reactor
- furnace according
- carbon
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
- C21B13/0073—Selection or treatment of the reducing gases
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
- C10J3/48—Apparatus; Plants
- C10J3/485—Entrained flow gasifiers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
- C10J3/74—Construction of shells or jackets
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
- C10J3/74—Construction of shells or jackets
- C10J3/76—Water jackets; Steam boiler-jackets
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B7/00—Heating by electric discharge
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B7/00—Heating by electric discharge
- H05B7/18—Heating by arc discharge
- H05B7/185—Heating gases for arc discharge
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2200/00—Details of gasification apparatus
- C10J2200/12—Electrodes present in the gasifier
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2200/00—Details of gasification apparatus
- C10J2200/15—Details of feeding means
- C10J2200/152—Nozzles or lances for introducing gas, liquids or suspensions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
- C10J2300/0946—Waste, e.g. MSW, tires, glass, tar sand, peat, paper, lignite, oil shale
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
- C10J2300/0956—Air or oxygen enriched air
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
- C10J2300/0959—Oxygen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
- C10J2300/0969—Carbon dioxide
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/12—Heating the gasifier
- C10J2300/1261—Heating the gasifier by pulse burners
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B2100/00—Handling of exhaust gases produced during the manufacture of iron or steel
- C21B2100/20—Increasing the gas reduction potential of recycled exhaust gases
- C21B2100/22—Increasing the gas reduction potential of recycled exhaust gases by reforming
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/10—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions
- Y02P10/134—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions by avoiding CO2, e.g. using hydrogen
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
- Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
- Furnace Details (AREA)
- Discharge Heating (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE:
A DC furnace for generation of reduction gas for use in connection with direct reduction of metallic oxides and materials containing such oxides, comprising: a reactor provided with carbonaceous electrodes connected to the poles of a DC source, an arc being formed between said two electrodes; and means for supplying a gas containing carbon dioxide into said arc whereby carbon monoxide is formed according to C + CO2?2 CO. A single outlet for the formed gas is arranged in the form of a hollow channel in one of said electrodes. And a process for the generation of such reduction gas.
A DC furnace for generation of reduction gas for use in connection with direct reduction of metallic oxides and materials containing such oxides, comprising: a reactor provided with carbonaceous electrodes connected to the poles of a DC source, an arc being formed between said two electrodes; and means for supplying a gas containing carbon dioxide into said arc whereby carbon monoxide is formed according to C + CO2?2 CO. A single outlet for the formed gas is arranged in the form of a hollow channel in one of said electrodes. And a process for the generation of such reduction gas.
Description
The present invention relates to an AC furnace and a process for generation of reduction gas for use in connection with direct reduction of metallic oxides and materials, such as iron ore concentrate, containing such oxides, or other gas generation, or for a chemical arc reactor.
In known devices and methods for direct reduction in connection with metallurgical processes, there is used a redu~tion gas, mainly carbon monoxide, CO, or hydrogen, H2.
Recirculation gas and possibl~ caxbon or hydrocarbon are led through a plasma burner to supply sufficient energy for decomposition of carbon dioxide, CO2, and ~12O and hydro-carbon, and to give the gas a sufficient temperature.
In one known process, among other things carbon dioxide ls reformed by the use of plasma burners. A disad-vantage in this connection is that these burners are rela-tively sensitive apparatus having limited power (normally not designed for higher power than about 3 MW continuously)~
The present invention is an improvement of the above-mentioned concept and is a solution to the problems mentioned above.
According to the present invention, there is provided a DC furnace for generation of reduction gas for use in connection with direct reduction of metallic oxides and materials containing such oxides, comprising:
- a reactor provided with carbonaceous electrodes connected to the poles of a DC source, an arc being formed between said two electrodes;
means for supplying a gas containing carbon dioxide into said arc whereby carbon monoxide is formed according to C + CO2~ 2 CO; and - a single outlet for the formed gas being arranged in the form of a hollow channel in one of said electrodes.
~20~p~
According to the present invention there is also provided a process for generation of reduction gas for use in connection wlth direct reduction of metallic oxides and materials containing such oxides, comprlsing the steps ofO
- injecting a gas containing carbon dioxide into an arc formed in a reactor provided with electrodes connected to the poles oE a DC source, - forming a carbon monoxide according to C ~ C02~ 2 CO, and - discharging the formed gas through a single outlet in a hollow channel in one electrode.
The specific properties of the DC arc with respect to the gas flow are made use of here.
The gas which is to be regenerated consists mainly of a mixture of carbon monoxide, CO, and carbon dioxide, C02. The regeneration implies that carbon dioxide to the greatest possible extent is converted in-to carbon monoxide. This is achieved by the arc heating up the gas, the carbon dioxide thus being decomposed while forming carbon monoxide and oxygen. By the addition of carbon ~carbonaceous material) the free oxygen is taken care of so that further carbon monoxide is formed. Such a reactor can advantageously replace plasma burners in the prior art process described above.
Carbon can be supplied, either as finely-grcund powder or combined into some form of hydrocarbon, for exampl~ oil, natural gas, liquefied petroleum gas, propane, butane, etc. If hydrocarbon is supplied, this is also decomposed by the arc so that free carbon in the form of soo~, as well as hydrogen, are released. Thus, also hydrogen forms a useful cons$ituent in the regenerated gas.
A preferred embodiment will now be described, as example, without limitative manner, having reference to the single Figure which is a schematic view oE the device ~2~
according to the present invention.
Two graphite electrodes with hollow channels, the cathode 1 and the anode 2, connected to a direct voltage source (not shown), are introduced into a reactor vessel having a ceramic lining 3. The electrodes are pro-vided with water-cooled electrode seals 4, 5.
The gas to be genexated is arranged to be supplied in several different ways, such as through hollow channel 8 in cathode 1, through nozzles 6 close to the electrode seal 4 of the cathode 1, or through nozzles 7 at the bottom of the reactor ve~sel 3. Also carbon or carbon carriers, such as oil or natural gas, can be supplied through the same openings. However, the outlet of 2a -! 1. ~ '~
~L2~7~
the hot, regenerated gas only takes place through one opening, namely the hollow channel 9 in the anode 2. Instead of graphite electrodes 9 it is of course possible to use carbon electrodes.
In use of the reactor according to the invention~ the main part of the gas and the carbon or the carbon carrier is suitably supplied through the bottom nozzles and will then whirl up in the reactor vessel 3. The radiation from the arc 10 is efficiently absorbed by the free carbon or soot particles 9 which promotes the reaction, while at the same time the walls of the vessel are protected from direct radiation. The gas must then pass through the arc 10 in order to flow out of the reactor 3~ whereby the gas is further intensely heated and the reaction completed. The shown passageway for the gas cooperates with the natural convection of the arc 1 n, since the arc 10 acts as a powerful gas pump which sucks up gas from the surrounding environment immediately below the cathode ltland drives this gas at a high velocity downwards towards the channel ~ of the anode 2.
If there should be any oxygen residues left when the gas in the arc 10 reaches the anode 2, these will of course be attacked.
To counteract this, additional carbon or carbon carriers may be supplied, possibly with some addition of transport gas, directiy into the arc 10 through the hollow channel 8 in the cathode 1.
This possibîlity to inject d~rectly into the arc makes it possible for the process to be trimmed with high efficiency and minimum electrode wear.
A further possibility of trimming and influencing the process in use of the reactor is afforded by the inlet nozzles 6 close to the lead-in of the cathode 1. What is fed in here will part-ially be directly drawn into the arc 10 because of the suction action of the arc, and partially mix with the whirling gas and particle flows in the reactor vessel. Therefore, from the process point of view, feeding via the cathode nozzles 6 constitutes an intermediate stage between direct feeding into the arc 10 through the hollow channel 8 of the cathode 1 and feeding via the bottom nozzles 70 ~02 To attain the best heat transfer to the gas and the least electrode wear 7 it is assumed that a relatively long arc shall be utilized, i.e. an arc with relatively high voltage and low current. As a guiding value for a 6 MW reactor, a voltage of 300 V and a current of 20 kA are proposed, which gives an arcing length of approximately 700 mm.
The invention can be varied in many ways within the scope of the following claims~ It can be employed with other gas generators or with chemical arc reactors.
: ` \ . '! -
In known devices and methods for direct reduction in connection with metallurgical processes, there is used a redu~tion gas, mainly carbon monoxide, CO, or hydrogen, H2.
Recirculation gas and possibl~ caxbon or hydrocarbon are led through a plasma burner to supply sufficient energy for decomposition of carbon dioxide, CO2, and ~12O and hydro-carbon, and to give the gas a sufficient temperature.
In one known process, among other things carbon dioxide ls reformed by the use of plasma burners. A disad-vantage in this connection is that these burners are rela-tively sensitive apparatus having limited power (normally not designed for higher power than about 3 MW continuously)~
The present invention is an improvement of the above-mentioned concept and is a solution to the problems mentioned above.
According to the present invention, there is provided a DC furnace for generation of reduction gas for use in connection with direct reduction of metallic oxides and materials containing such oxides, comprising:
- a reactor provided with carbonaceous electrodes connected to the poles of a DC source, an arc being formed between said two electrodes;
means for supplying a gas containing carbon dioxide into said arc whereby carbon monoxide is formed according to C + CO2~ 2 CO; and - a single outlet for the formed gas being arranged in the form of a hollow channel in one of said electrodes.
~20~p~
According to the present invention there is also provided a process for generation of reduction gas for use in connection wlth direct reduction of metallic oxides and materials containing such oxides, comprlsing the steps ofO
- injecting a gas containing carbon dioxide into an arc formed in a reactor provided with electrodes connected to the poles oE a DC source, - forming a carbon monoxide according to C ~ C02~ 2 CO, and - discharging the formed gas through a single outlet in a hollow channel in one electrode.
The specific properties of the DC arc with respect to the gas flow are made use of here.
The gas which is to be regenerated consists mainly of a mixture of carbon monoxide, CO, and carbon dioxide, C02. The regeneration implies that carbon dioxide to the greatest possible extent is converted in-to carbon monoxide. This is achieved by the arc heating up the gas, the carbon dioxide thus being decomposed while forming carbon monoxide and oxygen. By the addition of carbon ~carbonaceous material) the free oxygen is taken care of so that further carbon monoxide is formed. Such a reactor can advantageously replace plasma burners in the prior art process described above.
Carbon can be supplied, either as finely-grcund powder or combined into some form of hydrocarbon, for exampl~ oil, natural gas, liquefied petroleum gas, propane, butane, etc. If hydrocarbon is supplied, this is also decomposed by the arc so that free carbon in the form of soo~, as well as hydrogen, are released. Thus, also hydrogen forms a useful cons$ituent in the regenerated gas.
A preferred embodiment will now be described, as example, without limitative manner, having reference to the single Figure which is a schematic view oE the device ~2~
according to the present invention.
Two graphite electrodes with hollow channels, the cathode 1 and the anode 2, connected to a direct voltage source (not shown), are introduced into a reactor vessel having a ceramic lining 3. The electrodes are pro-vided with water-cooled electrode seals 4, 5.
The gas to be genexated is arranged to be supplied in several different ways, such as through hollow channel 8 in cathode 1, through nozzles 6 close to the electrode seal 4 of the cathode 1, or through nozzles 7 at the bottom of the reactor ve~sel 3. Also carbon or carbon carriers, such as oil or natural gas, can be supplied through the same openings. However, the outlet of 2a -! 1. ~ '~
~L2~7~
the hot, regenerated gas only takes place through one opening, namely the hollow channel 9 in the anode 2. Instead of graphite electrodes 9 it is of course possible to use carbon electrodes.
In use of the reactor according to the invention~ the main part of the gas and the carbon or the carbon carrier is suitably supplied through the bottom nozzles and will then whirl up in the reactor vessel 3. The radiation from the arc 10 is efficiently absorbed by the free carbon or soot particles 9 which promotes the reaction, while at the same time the walls of the vessel are protected from direct radiation. The gas must then pass through the arc 10 in order to flow out of the reactor 3~ whereby the gas is further intensely heated and the reaction completed. The shown passageway for the gas cooperates with the natural convection of the arc 1 n, since the arc 10 acts as a powerful gas pump which sucks up gas from the surrounding environment immediately below the cathode ltland drives this gas at a high velocity downwards towards the channel ~ of the anode 2.
If there should be any oxygen residues left when the gas in the arc 10 reaches the anode 2, these will of course be attacked.
To counteract this, additional carbon or carbon carriers may be supplied, possibly with some addition of transport gas, directiy into the arc 10 through the hollow channel 8 in the cathode 1.
This possibîlity to inject d~rectly into the arc makes it possible for the process to be trimmed with high efficiency and minimum electrode wear.
A further possibility of trimming and influencing the process in use of the reactor is afforded by the inlet nozzles 6 close to the lead-in of the cathode 1. What is fed in here will part-ially be directly drawn into the arc 10 because of the suction action of the arc, and partially mix with the whirling gas and particle flows in the reactor vessel. Therefore, from the process point of view, feeding via the cathode nozzles 6 constitutes an intermediate stage between direct feeding into the arc 10 through the hollow channel 8 of the cathode 1 and feeding via the bottom nozzles 70 ~02 To attain the best heat transfer to the gas and the least electrode wear 7 it is assumed that a relatively long arc shall be utilized, i.e. an arc with relatively high voltage and low current. As a guiding value for a 6 MW reactor, a voltage of 300 V and a current of 20 kA are proposed, which gives an arcing length of approximately 700 mm.
The invention can be varied in many ways within the scope of the following claims~ It can be employed with other gas generators or with chemical arc reactors.
: ` \ . '! -
Claims (24)
1. A DC furnace for generation of reduction gas for use in connection with direct reduction of metallic oxides and materials containing such oxides, comprising:
- a reactor provided with carbonaceous electrodes connected to the poles of a DC source, an arc being formed between said two electrodes;
- means for supplying a gas containing carbon dioxide into said arc whereby carbon monoxide is formed according to C + CO2?2 CO; and - a single outlet for the formed gas being arranged in the form of a hollow channel in one of said electrodes.
- a reactor provided with carbonaceous electrodes connected to the poles of a DC source, an arc being formed between said two electrodes;
- means for supplying a gas containing carbon dioxide into said arc whereby carbon monoxide is formed according to C + CO2?2 CO; and - a single outlet for the formed gas being arranged in the form of a hollow channel in one of said electrodes.
2. Furnace according to claim 2, wherein said material containing the oxides is iron ore concentrate.
3. Furnace according to claim 2, wherein said gas containing carbon dioxide is CO2 + CO.
4. Furnace according to claim 3, comprising means for also injecting into said arc, carbon or carbona-ceous material.
5. Furnace according to claim 4, wherein said electrodes are graphite electrodes.
6. Furnace according to claim 4, wherein said electrodes are carbon electrodes.
7. Furnace according to claim 1, 5 or 6, wherein a main part of said gas containing carbon dioxide is supplied through nozzles provided at the bottom of said reactor.
8. Furnace according to claim 1, 5 or 6, wherein said means for supplying said gas containing carbon dioxide comprise nozzles provided at the bottom of said reactor for supplying a main part of said gas containing carbon dioxide as well as carbon or carbon carrier to said reactor, the gas passing through said arc in order to flow out of said reactor through a channel provided in one of said electrodes used as anode.
9. Furnace according to claim 1, wherein said means for supplying said gas containing carbon dioxide is a hollow channel provided in one of said electrodes used as cathode, said channel directly opening into said arc.
10. Furnace according to claim 1, wherein said means for supplying said gas containing carbon dioxide are through nozzles provided in an electrode seal surrounding one of said electrodes used as cathode.
11. Furnace according to claim 1, wherein said means for supplying said gas containing carbon dioxide are through nozzles provided at the bottom of said reactor.
12. Furnace according to claim 1, wherein said means for supplying said gas containing carbon dioxide comprise:
- a hollow channel provided in one of said electrodes used as cathode, said channel directly opening into said arc, - through nozzles provided in an electrode seal surrounding one of said electrodes used as cathode, and - through nozzles provided at the bottom of said reactor.
- a hollow channel provided in one of said electrodes used as cathode, said channel directly opening into said arc, - through nozzles provided in an electrode seal surrounding one of said electrodes used as cathode, and - through nozzles provided at the bottom of said reactor.
13. Furnace according to claim 9, 11 or 12, wherein said means for supplying gas containing carbon dioxide also supply carbon or carbon carriers.
14. Furnace according to claim 1, 9 or 12, wherein said means for supplying gas containing carbon dioxide also supply hydrocarbon which is decomposed by said arc so that free carbon in the form of soot, as well as hydrogen are, released.
15. Furnace according to claim 9, wherein said hollow channel also supplies additional carbon or carbon carriers directly into said arc.
16. Furnace according to claim 1, 13 or 15, wherein said arc is long.
17. Furnace according to claim 1, wherein one of said electrodes connected as a cathode is provided with at least one through-channel for the supply of gas, which is to be regenerated, and possibly also for supply of carbon or carbonaceous material.
18. Furnace according to claim 9, wherein gas, carbon or carbonaceous material are also supplied through nozzles near a seal of the cathode electrode and through nozzles provided at the bottom of the reactor, the main part of the supply being made through said through nozzles at the bottom of the reactor.
19. Process for generation of reduction gas for use in connection with direct reduction of metallic oxides and materials containing such oxides, comprising the steps of:
- injecting a gas containing carbon dioxide into an arc formed in a reactor provided with electrodes con-nected to the poles of a DC source, - forming a carbon monoxide according to C + CO2?2 CO, and - discharging the formed gas through a single outlet in a hollow channel in one electrode.
- injecting a gas containing carbon dioxide into an arc formed in a reactor provided with electrodes con-nected to the poles of a DC source, - forming a carbon monoxide according to C + CO2?2 CO, and - discharging the formed gas through a single outlet in a hollow channel in one electrode.
20. Process according to claim 21, wherein said carbon or carbonaceous material is directly injected into said arc.
21. Process according to claim 19 or 20, wherein the main part of the gas as well as the carbon or carbona-ceous material are supplied through the bottom of said reactor and then are whirled up in the reactor.
22. Process according to claim 19, wherein said gas passes through said arc in order to flow out of said reactor, whereby the gas is further intensely heated and the reaction completed.
23. Process according to claim 22, wherein said arc acts as a gas pump which sucks up gas from the surround-ing environment immediately below one of the electrodes used as cathode and drives this gas at a high velocity downwards toward a channel provided in the other electrode used as anode.
24. Process according to claim 19 or 20, wherein gas, as well as carbon and carbonaceous material are fed into said reactor through the top of said reactor containing one of said electrodes used as cathode, said gas as well as said carbon and carbonaceous material being partially directly drawn into said arc because of the suction action of the arc and partially mix with the whirling gas and particle flows in said reactor.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| SE8203538-7 | 1982-06-08 | ||
| SE8203538A SE434272B (en) | 1982-06-08 | 1982-06-08 | LIGHT BAG OVEN FOR REDUCING GAS GENERATION |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1204702A true CA1204702A (en) | 1986-05-20 |
Family
ID=20347006
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000429879A Expired CA1204702A (en) | 1982-06-08 | 1983-06-07 | Dc furnace and a process for generation of reduction gas |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1204702A (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2528162A1 (en) |
| SE (1) | SE434272B (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA834076B (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AT384007B (en) * | 1984-04-02 | 1987-09-25 | Voest Alpine Ag | METHOD FOR PRODUCING SYNTHESIS GAS AND DEVICE FOR IMPLEMENTING THE METHOD |
| SE453751B (en) * | 1984-06-14 | 1988-02-29 | Skf Steel Eng Ab | SET AND DEVICE FOR PARTIAL COMBUSTION AND GASING OF CARBON FUEL |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1061300B (en) * | 1957-12-31 | 1959-07-16 | Koppers Gmbh Heinrich | Method and device for carrying out chemical reactions |
| US3708409A (en) * | 1969-05-22 | 1973-01-02 | Ionarc Smelters Ltd | Chemical process in high enthalpy thermal environment and apparatus therefor |
| FR2191394B1 (en) * | 1972-07-05 | 1974-10-25 | Aerospatiale | |
| AU519170B2 (en) * | 1978-06-16 | 1981-11-12 | Iwatani Sangyo K.K. | Method for producing carbon monoxide from carbon dioxide |
-
1982
- 1982-06-08 SE SE8203538A patent/SE434272B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1983
- 1983-05-16 FR FR8308038A patent/FR2528162A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1983-06-06 ZA ZA834076A patent/ZA834076B/en unknown
- 1983-06-07 CA CA000429879A patent/CA1204702A/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| SE8203538L (en) | 1983-12-09 |
| FR2528162A1 (en) | 1983-12-09 |
| ZA834076B (en) | 1984-04-25 |
| SE434272B (en) | 1984-07-16 |
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| MKEX | Expiry |