CA1199651A - Fluid spring member incorporating internal retention means - Google Patents
Fluid spring member incorporating internal retention meansInfo
- Publication number
- CA1199651A CA1199651A CA000396751A CA396751A CA1199651A CA 1199651 A CA1199651 A CA 1199651A CA 000396751 A CA000396751 A CA 000396751A CA 396751 A CA396751 A CA 396751A CA 1199651 A CA1199651 A CA 1199651A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- bead area
- flange
- bead
- supporting means
- spring member
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Abstract
FLUID SPRING MEMBER INCORPORATING
INTERNAL RETENTION MEANS
Abstract of the Disclosure A flexible elastomeric fluid spring member 30 includes adjacent one end and internally thereof an area 32 of progressively reducing diameter toward the bead area 33 thereof, thus promoting retention of a flanged end member 15 in the absence of internal pressurization or external restraints.
INTERNAL RETENTION MEANS
Abstract of the Disclosure A flexible elastomeric fluid spring member 30 includes adjacent one end and internally thereof an area 32 of progressively reducing diameter toward the bead area 33 thereof, thus promoting retention of a flanged end member 15 in the absence of internal pressurization or external restraints.
Description
65~
FLUID SPRING MEMBER INCORPORATING
INTERNAL R~ N L lON MEANS
The Abstract is not to be taken as Limiting the invention of this application and in order to understand the full nature and extent of the technical disclosure of this application reference must be made to the accompanying drawings and the following detailed description.
The invention relates to fluid springs and particularly to those which utilize a captive gas such as alr within a flexible elastomeric member to achieve spring characteristics.
One type of fluid spring is known as a take-apart design and incorporates a reusable or replaceable end member or plug which seals a first open end of a hollow body of elastomeric material. The opposite end of the hollow body is sealed by a second ~lug and/or piston.
This end member may be installed within the flexible spring member prior to shipment of ~he airspring assembly from the manufacturer. The fluid spring is shipped in an unpressurized condition and is often collapsed to conserve shipping volume. Heretofore, ex~.ernal restraint means have been required to maintain the end member in position prior to mounting of the 1uid spring assembly into its intended application, for example, a vehicle suspension system. The relative orientation of the end member and the piston to each other must be maintained to insure that the mounting studs or recesses typically provided thereon will correspond with thos~ provided in, for example, the vehicle frame and axle members.
Full advan~age of this invention may be gained by use of a 1exible, resilient fluid spring member ~ :
,~, - la -adapted for use with an end member of the type having a central disc portion, a bead area portion extending axially from the periphery of said disc portion at an angle thereto, and a flange extending radially ou~wardly at an angle from the periphery of said bead area portion which is distal said disc portion, said flange having an overall diameter greater than that of said bead area portion, said flexible spring member comprising an open hollow body of elastomeric material including a circumferential bead area at one end thereof having an inside diame~er corresponding to or slightly less than the overall diameter of said bead area portion, an essentially inextensible bead ring disposed within said bead area, and an : integrally-formed circumferentially-extending flange-supporting means which progressively reduces in effective inside diameter towards said bead area and is spaced axially inwards from said bead area so as to define therewith a flange seat of an effective inside diameter greater than that of said bead area and supporting means.
This invention further encompasses a fluid spring comprising a flexible, resilient rounded hollow body which is open a~ both ends thereof, said body being of elastomeric material and including first and second circumferential bead areas at opposite ends thereof, there being an essentially inextensible bead ring disposed within each said bead area, and an integrally-formed circumferentially-extending flange-supporting ; means which progressively reduces in effective inside diameter towards said first bead area and is spaced axially inwardly of said bead area so as to define therewith a flange seat interposed between said bead ; 35 area and said supporting means, and an end member 6 ~
- lb -including a central disc portion, a bead area portion extending axially from the periphery of said disc portion at an angle thereto, and a flange extending radially outwardly at an angle from the periphery o:f the bead area portion which is distal the disc portion, said supporting means having a minimum effective inside diameter less than the effective overall diameter of said flange, the difference between the effective overall diameter of said flange and said flange seat being such that said end member cannot be dislodged without causing deformation of said supporting means.
In the drawings:
Figure 1 is a fragmentary elevational view of a flexible member of a fluid spring in its molded, uninflated configuration according to the prior art;
65~
., ~igure 2 is a fragmentary elevational view of a flexible member according to the invention in its moldedg uni~flated configuration including means for retention of the end member;
Figure 3 is a sectional view of another embodi-ment of the elastomeric fluid spring member according to the invention kaken perpendicular to the longi-tudinal'axis of the spring member.
Referring now to Figure l, there is shown one end portion of a flexible fluid spring assembly 10 accord-ing to the prior art. The flexible member 11 has been sectioned along a plane which includes the longitudinal axis 12 of the flexible member. A better understanding of this assembly can be had by reference to U. S.
Patent 33549,142, particularly Figures 1 and 2 thereof and the discussion pertaining thereto. The flexible resilient member 11 is formed of reinforced elastomeric material which is molded in the presence of heat and pressure in a customary manner well known in the art.
The flexible mem~er 11 is an open, hollo~ body in the form o~ a generally tubular slee~e which tapers to a bullet shape at one end 13 as shown and includes an annular metal or bead ring 14 at each peripheral end t,hereof. The bead rings 14 may be in the form of multiple turns of wire strand or a solid metallic ring.
The flexible member ll is composed of rubber or other elastomeric material reinforced with textile fabric such as nylon or polyester. The fabric layers pass around the bead ring in the form of a bead or fabric turnover portion immediately ad~acent thereto. The end 13 of the flexible resilient member ll shown is adapted to sealingly receive a rigid end member 15 typically formed of metal. The end mernber 15 has a central disc portion 16, a bead area portion 17 extending at,,-an angle from the periphery of the disc portion, and a flange 18 extending at an angle from the periphery of the bead area portion which is distal ~he ~ 5 : -3 disc portion. The bead area portion 17 creates a compression seal with the bead area 21 o~ the flexlble elastomeric member 11. The bead rin~s 1~ function to assume the loads generated by ~he internal pressure acting on the cords of the textile fabric and to malntain the shape of the elastomeric member 11 and prevent its undue expansion while inflated.
Referring to Figure 1, it is readily discernible that in the absence of` internal pressurization or attachment to upper end plate 20~ which may be, for example, the vehicle frame, that the end member 15 could readily be dislodged and fall into the interior of the flexible elastomeric member 11. Typically, the bead area portion 17 of the end member 15 and the sealing surface 19 o~ the bead area 21 are tapered to facilitate assembly and sealing engagement o:P the end member 15 to the flexible elastomeric member 11.
Thus, once the initial frictional grip of the end member 15 and the flexible elastomeric member 11 is broken by slight displacement of the end member toward the interior of the flexible elastomeric member~
the end member 15 is able to fall freely into the interior of the ~lexible elastomeric member 11.
Referring now to Figure 2~ the flexible elastomeric member 30 is similar to member 11 except that member 30 is provided with an area 32 which progressively re-duces in effective inside diameter toward the bead area 33 of the ~lexible resilient member 30. A flange seat 34 is interposed between the bead area 33 of the flexible resilient member and the area 32 which pro-gressively reduces in e~fective inside diameter toward said bead area 33. As shown in Figure 2, this may take the form of a circumferentially e~tending lip 35 an~ undercut groove 36 which provide positive retention of the end member 15 upon assembly of an alrspring according to the embodiment shown ln Figure 2. The end member flange 18 must pass over the area 32 which progressively reduces in effective inslde diameter 5~
,..~
toward said bead area 33 during assembly of the end member 15 into the flexible resilient member 30.
Furthermore, the end member 15 cannot be dislodged without causing deformation of said area 32 of progressively reducing effective inside diameter.
"Effective overall diameter" as used herein means of a diameter equivalent to that of a circle which circumscribes the item or part to which reference is made. "Effective inside diameter" as used herein means of a diameter equivalent to that of a circle which is tangent to the item or part to l~hich reference is made~ and fits within that item or part.
In Figure 3, there is shown an alternate and preferred embodiment of a flexible fluid spring member 4 according to the invention. In this view the flexible spring member 40 has been sectioned perpen-dicularly to the longitudinal axis 41 thereof. The elastomeric fluid spring member 40 includes a plurality of wedges 42 which are spaced apart from one another about the circumference of the interior ad~acent the bead area of the flexible spring member 40.
The circumferentially extending lip 35 as shown in ~igure ~ or the wedges 42 shown in ~igure 3 are preferably-formed of the same elastomeric material which is normally provided in the interior of the fle~ible spring member to prevent permeation of the fluid through the wall of the flexible spring member.
The area 32 of progressively reducing inside diameter is formed during molding of the flexible member under pressure at an elevated temperature.
The area 32 of progressively reducing effective inside diameter preferably has a minimum effective diameter of at least 3 percent less than the effective overall diameter of the flange 1~ of the end member 15 with which it is intended to be used in a fluid spring assembly. Preferably~ the m;n-im1~m effective inside diameter of the area 3~ progressively reducing inside diameter ls not more than about 5 percent ~g~65~l less than the effective overall diameter of the flange intended to be used therewith in a fluid spring assembly.
The difference between the effectlve overall diameter of the flange 18 of the end member 15 and the effective inside diameter of the flange seat 34 in the flexible elastomeric member must be such that the end member cannot move sufficiently in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the flexible resilient member so as to fall o~f the ledge created by the area of progressively reducing ef~ective inside diameter. It is preferred that the difference between the effective overall diameter of the flange of the end member and the flange seat of the flexible spring member is such that the end member after installation in the flexible spring member cannot move perpen-dicularly to the longitudinal axis of the flexible spring member. The periphery of the flange should be in contact with the flange seat.
In a typical rolling lobe-type airspring having a bead diameter of about 7 inches (18 cm.) it has been determined that provision of four wedges 42 which protrude into the interior of the flexible resilient member 40 at least one-tenth inch (3 mm.) from the immediately ad~oining interior surface are sufficient to retain the metallic end member 15 from falling into - the Interior of the flexible resilient member during shipment of the airspring without any interior pressurization or external restraint means being employed to retain the end member in position. It is believed, however, that a lesser number of wedges~ e.g. two9 would suffice if of adequate size, with at least three being preferred.
While certain representative embodiments and details have been shown for the purpose of illustrating the invention, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications rnay be made therein without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention.
FLUID SPRING MEMBER INCORPORATING
INTERNAL R~ N L lON MEANS
The Abstract is not to be taken as Limiting the invention of this application and in order to understand the full nature and extent of the technical disclosure of this application reference must be made to the accompanying drawings and the following detailed description.
The invention relates to fluid springs and particularly to those which utilize a captive gas such as alr within a flexible elastomeric member to achieve spring characteristics.
One type of fluid spring is known as a take-apart design and incorporates a reusable or replaceable end member or plug which seals a first open end of a hollow body of elastomeric material. The opposite end of the hollow body is sealed by a second ~lug and/or piston.
This end member may be installed within the flexible spring member prior to shipment of ~he airspring assembly from the manufacturer. The fluid spring is shipped in an unpressurized condition and is often collapsed to conserve shipping volume. Heretofore, ex~.ernal restraint means have been required to maintain the end member in position prior to mounting of the 1uid spring assembly into its intended application, for example, a vehicle suspension system. The relative orientation of the end member and the piston to each other must be maintained to insure that the mounting studs or recesses typically provided thereon will correspond with thos~ provided in, for example, the vehicle frame and axle members.
Full advan~age of this invention may be gained by use of a 1exible, resilient fluid spring member ~ :
,~, - la -adapted for use with an end member of the type having a central disc portion, a bead area portion extending axially from the periphery of said disc portion at an angle thereto, and a flange extending radially ou~wardly at an angle from the periphery of said bead area portion which is distal said disc portion, said flange having an overall diameter greater than that of said bead area portion, said flexible spring member comprising an open hollow body of elastomeric material including a circumferential bead area at one end thereof having an inside diame~er corresponding to or slightly less than the overall diameter of said bead area portion, an essentially inextensible bead ring disposed within said bead area, and an : integrally-formed circumferentially-extending flange-supporting means which progressively reduces in effective inside diameter towards said bead area and is spaced axially inwards from said bead area so as to define therewith a flange seat of an effective inside diameter greater than that of said bead area and supporting means.
This invention further encompasses a fluid spring comprising a flexible, resilient rounded hollow body which is open a~ both ends thereof, said body being of elastomeric material and including first and second circumferential bead areas at opposite ends thereof, there being an essentially inextensible bead ring disposed within each said bead area, and an integrally-formed circumferentially-extending flange-supporting ; means which progressively reduces in effective inside diameter towards said first bead area and is spaced axially inwardly of said bead area so as to define therewith a flange seat interposed between said bead ; 35 area and said supporting means, and an end member 6 ~
- lb -including a central disc portion, a bead area portion extending axially from the periphery of said disc portion at an angle thereto, and a flange extending radially outwardly at an angle from the periphery o:f the bead area portion which is distal the disc portion, said supporting means having a minimum effective inside diameter less than the effective overall diameter of said flange, the difference between the effective overall diameter of said flange and said flange seat being such that said end member cannot be dislodged without causing deformation of said supporting means.
In the drawings:
Figure 1 is a fragmentary elevational view of a flexible member of a fluid spring in its molded, uninflated configuration according to the prior art;
65~
., ~igure 2 is a fragmentary elevational view of a flexible member according to the invention in its moldedg uni~flated configuration including means for retention of the end member;
Figure 3 is a sectional view of another embodi-ment of the elastomeric fluid spring member according to the invention kaken perpendicular to the longi-tudinal'axis of the spring member.
Referring now to Figure l, there is shown one end portion of a flexible fluid spring assembly 10 accord-ing to the prior art. The flexible member 11 has been sectioned along a plane which includes the longitudinal axis 12 of the flexible member. A better understanding of this assembly can be had by reference to U. S.
Patent 33549,142, particularly Figures 1 and 2 thereof and the discussion pertaining thereto. The flexible resilient member 11 is formed of reinforced elastomeric material which is molded in the presence of heat and pressure in a customary manner well known in the art.
The flexible mem~er 11 is an open, hollo~ body in the form o~ a generally tubular slee~e which tapers to a bullet shape at one end 13 as shown and includes an annular metal or bead ring 14 at each peripheral end t,hereof. The bead rings 14 may be in the form of multiple turns of wire strand or a solid metallic ring.
The flexible member ll is composed of rubber or other elastomeric material reinforced with textile fabric such as nylon or polyester. The fabric layers pass around the bead ring in the form of a bead or fabric turnover portion immediately ad~acent thereto. The end 13 of the flexible resilient member ll shown is adapted to sealingly receive a rigid end member 15 typically formed of metal. The end mernber 15 has a central disc portion 16, a bead area portion 17 extending at,,-an angle from the periphery of the disc portion, and a flange 18 extending at an angle from the periphery of the bead area portion which is distal ~he ~ 5 : -3 disc portion. The bead area portion 17 creates a compression seal with the bead area 21 o~ the flexlble elastomeric member 11. The bead rin~s 1~ function to assume the loads generated by ~he internal pressure acting on the cords of the textile fabric and to malntain the shape of the elastomeric member 11 and prevent its undue expansion while inflated.
Referring to Figure 1, it is readily discernible that in the absence of` internal pressurization or attachment to upper end plate 20~ which may be, for example, the vehicle frame, that the end member 15 could readily be dislodged and fall into the interior of the flexible elastomeric member 11. Typically, the bead area portion 17 of the end member 15 and the sealing surface 19 o~ the bead area 21 are tapered to facilitate assembly and sealing engagement o:P the end member 15 to the flexible elastomeric member 11.
Thus, once the initial frictional grip of the end member 15 and the flexible elastomeric member 11 is broken by slight displacement of the end member toward the interior of the flexible elastomeric member~
the end member 15 is able to fall freely into the interior of the ~lexible elastomeric member 11.
Referring now to Figure 2~ the flexible elastomeric member 30 is similar to member 11 except that member 30 is provided with an area 32 which progressively re-duces in effective inside diameter toward the bead area 33 of the ~lexible resilient member 30. A flange seat 34 is interposed between the bead area 33 of the flexible resilient member and the area 32 which pro-gressively reduces in e~fective inside diameter toward said bead area 33. As shown in Figure 2, this may take the form of a circumferentially e~tending lip 35 an~ undercut groove 36 which provide positive retention of the end member 15 upon assembly of an alrspring according to the embodiment shown ln Figure 2. The end member flange 18 must pass over the area 32 which progressively reduces in effective inslde diameter 5~
,..~
toward said bead area 33 during assembly of the end member 15 into the flexible resilient member 30.
Furthermore, the end member 15 cannot be dislodged without causing deformation of said area 32 of progressively reducing effective inside diameter.
"Effective overall diameter" as used herein means of a diameter equivalent to that of a circle which circumscribes the item or part to which reference is made. "Effective inside diameter" as used herein means of a diameter equivalent to that of a circle which is tangent to the item or part to l~hich reference is made~ and fits within that item or part.
In Figure 3, there is shown an alternate and preferred embodiment of a flexible fluid spring member 4 according to the invention. In this view the flexible spring member 40 has been sectioned perpen-dicularly to the longitudinal axis 41 thereof. The elastomeric fluid spring member 40 includes a plurality of wedges 42 which are spaced apart from one another about the circumference of the interior ad~acent the bead area of the flexible spring member 40.
The circumferentially extending lip 35 as shown in ~igure ~ or the wedges 42 shown in ~igure 3 are preferably-formed of the same elastomeric material which is normally provided in the interior of the fle~ible spring member to prevent permeation of the fluid through the wall of the flexible spring member.
The area 32 of progressively reducing inside diameter is formed during molding of the flexible member under pressure at an elevated temperature.
The area 32 of progressively reducing effective inside diameter preferably has a minimum effective diameter of at least 3 percent less than the effective overall diameter of the flange 1~ of the end member 15 with which it is intended to be used in a fluid spring assembly. Preferably~ the m;n-im1~m effective inside diameter of the area 3~ progressively reducing inside diameter ls not more than about 5 percent ~g~65~l less than the effective overall diameter of the flange intended to be used therewith in a fluid spring assembly.
The difference between the effectlve overall diameter of the flange 18 of the end member 15 and the effective inside diameter of the flange seat 34 in the flexible elastomeric member must be such that the end member cannot move sufficiently in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the flexible resilient member so as to fall o~f the ledge created by the area of progressively reducing ef~ective inside diameter. It is preferred that the difference between the effective overall diameter of the flange of the end member and the flange seat of the flexible spring member is such that the end member after installation in the flexible spring member cannot move perpen-dicularly to the longitudinal axis of the flexible spring member. The periphery of the flange should be in contact with the flange seat.
In a typical rolling lobe-type airspring having a bead diameter of about 7 inches (18 cm.) it has been determined that provision of four wedges 42 which protrude into the interior of the flexible resilient member 40 at least one-tenth inch (3 mm.) from the immediately ad~oining interior surface are sufficient to retain the metallic end member 15 from falling into - the Interior of the flexible resilient member during shipment of the airspring without any interior pressurization or external restraint means being employed to retain the end member in position. It is believed, however, that a lesser number of wedges~ e.g. two9 would suffice if of adequate size, with at least three being preferred.
While certain representative embodiments and details have been shown for the purpose of illustrating the invention, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications rnay be made therein without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention.
Claims (4)
1. A flexible, resilient fluid spring member adapted for use with an end member of the type having a central disc portion, a bead area portion extending axially from the periphery of said disc portion at an angle thereto, and a flange extending radially outwardly at an angle from the periphery of said bead area portion which is distal said disc portion, said flange having an overall diameter greater than that of said bead area portion, said flexible spring member comprising an open hollow body of elastomeric material including:
(a) a circumferential bead area at one end thereof having an inside diameter corresponding to or slightly less than the overall diameter of said bead area portion, an essentially inextensible bead ring disposed within said bead area, and (b) an integrally-formed circumferentially-extending flange-supporting means which progressively reduces in effective inside diameter towards said bead area and is spaced axially inwards from said bead area so as to define therewith a flange seat of an effective inside diameter greater than that of said bead area and supporting means.
(a) a circumferential bead area at one end thereof having an inside diameter corresponding to or slightly less than the overall diameter of said bead area portion, an essentially inextensible bead ring disposed within said bead area, and (b) an integrally-formed circumferentially-extending flange-supporting means which progressively reduces in effective inside diameter towards said bead area and is spaced axially inwards from said bead area so as to define therewith a flange seat of an effective inside diameter greater than that of said bead area and supporting means.
2. A fluid spring comprising:
(a) a flexible, resilient rounded hollow body which is open at both ends thereof, said body being of elastomeric material and including first and second circumferential bead areas at opposite ends thereof, there being an essentially inextensible bead ring disposed within each said bead area, and an integrally-formed circumferentially-extending flange-supporting means which progressively reduces in effective inside diameter towards said first bead area and is spaced axially inwardly of said bead area so as to define therewith a flange seat interposed between said bead area and said supporting means, and (b) an end member including a central disc portion, a bead area portion extending axially from the periphery of said disc portion at an angle thereto, and a flange extending radially outwardly at an angle from the periphery of the bead area portion which is distal the disc portion, said supporting means having a minimum effective inside diameter less than the effective overall diameter of said flange, the difference between the effective overall diameter of said flange and said flange seat being such that said end member cannot be dislodged without causing deformation of said supporting means.
(a) a flexible, resilient rounded hollow body which is open at both ends thereof, said body being of elastomeric material and including first and second circumferential bead areas at opposite ends thereof, there being an essentially inextensible bead ring disposed within each said bead area, and an integrally-formed circumferentially-extending flange-supporting means which progressively reduces in effective inside diameter towards said first bead area and is spaced axially inwardly of said bead area so as to define therewith a flange seat interposed between said bead area and said supporting means, and (b) an end member including a central disc portion, a bead area portion extending axially from the periphery of said disc portion at an angle thereto, and a flange extending radially outwardly at an angle from the periphery of the bead area portion which is distal the disc portion, said supporting means having a minimum effective inside diameter less than the effective overall diameter of said flange, the difference between the effective overall diameter of said flange and said flange seat being such that said end member cannot be dislodged without causing deformation of said supporting means.
3. The spring member of claim 1, or the fluid spring of claim 2, wherein said supporting means comprises a plurality of integrally formed wedges of elastomeric material which are spaced apart from one another about the inside circumference of said spring member or said hollow body.
4. The spring member of claim 1, or the fluid spring of claim 2, wherein said flange seat diameter is from slightly less than to about equal to the overall diameter of the flange of the end member.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US24444381A | 1981-03-16 | 1981-03-16 | |
| US244,443 | 1981-03-16 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1199651A true CA1199651A (en) | 1986-01-21 |
Family
ID=22922792
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000396751A Expired CA1199651A (en) | 1981-03-16 | 1982-02-22 | Fluid spring member incorporating internal retention means |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1199651A (en) |
-
1982
- 1982-02-22 CA CA000396751A patent/CA1199651A/en not_active Expired
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |