CA1198592A - Insect trap - Google Patents
Insect trapInfo
- Publication number
- CA1198592A CA1198592A CA000433265A CA433265A CA1198592A CA 1198592 A CA1198592 A CA 1198592A CA 000433265 A CA000433265 A CA 000433265A CA 433265 A CA433265 A CA 433265A CA 1198592 A CA1198592 A CA 1198592A
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- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- hollow body
- trap
- wall structure
- apertures
- aperture
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
An insect trap for catching flying forest insects, particularly bark beetles, has a hollow body adapted to accommodate an insect attractant and defined at least in part by a vertical wall structure; a plurality of distributed apertures provided in the wall structure; and a separate, flap-like projection associated with each aperture. Each projection extends from the lower edge of each aperture obliquely upwardly and away from the hollow body. Each projection has an upper surface oriented towards the wall structure and sloping downwardly towards the aperture associated therewith. Each upper surface has an abutment-free transition into the lower edge of the respective aperture.
The trap further includes a collecting vessel supported by the hollow body at a lower portion thereof for collecting insects entering the hollow body through the apertures. The collecting vessel is covered by smooth, sloping surfaces guiding the insects to a one-way opening for admitting them into the collecting vessel.
An insect trap for catching flying forest insects, particularly bark beetles, has a hollow body adapted to accommodate an insect attractant and defined at least in part by a vertical wall structure; a plurality of distributed apertures provided in the wall structure; and a separate, flap-like projection associated with each aperture. Each projection extends from the lower edge of each aperture obliquely upwardly and away from the hollow body. Each projection has an upper surface oriented towards the wall structure and sloping downwardly towards the aperture associated therewith. Each upper surface has an abutment-free transition into the lower edge of the respective aperture.
The trap further includes a collecting vessel supported by the hollow body at a lower portion thereof for collecting insects entering the hollow body through the apertures. The collecting vessel is covered by smooth, sloping surfaces guiding the insects to a one-way opening for admitting them into the collecting vessel.
Description
~ ~ ~r~~ ~
~ ~ 7~
BACKGROUND OF 'rHE INVENTION
This invention rela-tes to an apparatus for catching flying insects, p~rticularly insects harmEuL in forests, such as bark beetles. The appara-tus ~as a hollow body which, in use, has a substantially vertically oriented wall struct~re provided with a plurality of independent, spaced openings and a recep-tacle (dispenser) disposed in the hollow body and con-taining a volatile compound serving as an attrac-tant.
Damage to forests caused by insects, particularly bark bee-tles is si~nificant. Certain species of bark beetles kill evergreen trees, while others diminish the quality of cut wood stored in the forest. In the fight against bark beetles Large volumes of cut evergreen wood are treated with poison to prevent breeding of the beetles in the logs or to destroy -the offspring. Such poison, however, often des-troys useful or harmless insects or other small animals whereby -the ecological balance of t~e forest is adversely affected. In addition, laws concerning the protec-tion oE drinking water often significantly limit the 20 use of poisons. ~ince t'ne economic significance of bark beetles is expected to expand urther inasmuch as industrial emissions (such as acid rain) make the trees more prone ~o insect a-t-tacks, a certain urgency is developing to Eind effective non-poisonous means to control the bark beetles.
;,., ~
~ ore recen-tly for certain insec-t species specific attractants (such as "pheromones", which are insect-produced volatile compounds att~active to both sexes in case of bark beetles) have been chemically identified and synthesized and it is sought to make use of such at-tractants particularly in traps adapted to the biology of the insect species.
The devices for catching bark beetles are usually divided into two types, such as "flignt traps" and "landing traps". The principle of flight traps resides in t'nat the insects, lured by the attractants collide "unintentionally"
with a flight barrier invisible ~o them, then fall and are caught in some manner. The principle of landing traps resides in that the insects, lured by the at-trac-tant, "intentionallyl' land on the outer trap wall and run thereon until they have found an aperture through which they can pass. Then they have to crai~l through the aperture into the trap, whereupon they fall directly into a collecting vessel positioned on the trap floor.
A flight trap for catching flying forest insects 2n iS disclosed, for example, in German Offen]egungsschriE-t (application published withou-t examination) No. 2,924,629.
The structure disclosed therein has two planar plates arranged at right angles which serve as collision sur:Eaces or flight barriers. T'ne plates are arranged on a funnel which has a smooth upper surface and which opens into a ;9;~
collecting vessel arranged therebelow. The collecting vessel accommodates a receptacle which contains the attractant.
The beetles collide in flight with -the plates which are invisible for them and fall - in case all components operate as intended - into the Eunnel and thereErom into the collecting vessel. In order to obtaîn satisfactory resul-ts with this type of insec-t trap, the surfaces of -the plates as well as the funnel have to be sufficiently large. This results in the disadvan-tage that in addition to insects intended to be trapped, plant parts, other :Eoreign bodies and sometimes even birds, drop into the funnel, so that its smooth surface is "roughened" by soiling. In early summer, particularly pollen is responsible for soilin~ the funnel surfaces. ~hen the funnel surface loses its smoothness, the insects falling into the ~unnel do not slide into the collecting vessel, but are able to hold onto the funnel wall and frequently leave the trap and return to the woods. Because of the large funnel opening, rain, snow and wind also have a disadvantageous effect on the functioning of these types oE
traps. Thus, for the above-outlined reasons, this type of known trap is often in an inoperative condition.
A known landing trap is disclosed, for exarnple, in German Offenlegungsschrift ~o. 2,821,378. The -trap which has been designed particularly for barX beetles, has a 3~
hollow body which has a large number of passages si-tuate~ on the top oE the hollow body. The outer surface of -the hollow body is roughened -to permit the beetles -to land and run thereon. The inner face of -the hollow body is particularly smoo-th. The immediate vicinity of the passages on the .inside of the hollow body is also roughened. ~ithin the hollow body there is posi-tioned a receptacle containing the a-ttractant. It has been found that such a device is well adapted for catching bark beetles wi-thout endangering useful animals. By virtue of its particular shape, the trap is adapted precisely to -the configuration of bar]c beetles while other forest insect~s cannot be trapped t'nereby or are only caught accidentallyO Further, -the Xnown landing trap i5 significan-tly less efficient than flight traps because landing traps, as noted, set Inuch hlgher "requiremen-ts" for the beetles.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is an object of the invention to provide an improved insect -trap for catching harmful flying fores-t insects which is of simple structure and of such a design that plant parts or other foreign bodies cannot adversely affect its operation and therefore the structure may function without maintenance.
_ 5 _ This object and others to become apparent as the specification progresses, are accomplished by the invention, according to which, briefly .stated, the insec-t -trap for catching flying forest insects has a hollow body adapted to accommoda-te insect attrac-tan-ts and defined at least in part by a vertical wall structure, a plurality of distributed apertures provided in the wall structure, and a separate, flap-like projection associated ~ith each aperture. Each projection extends rom the lower edge of each aper-ture 10 obliquely upwardly and away from the ~ollow body. Each projection has an upper surface oriented towards the wall structure and sloping downward]y towards the aper-ture associated therewith. Each upper surface has an abutment-free transition into the lower edge of the respective aper-ture.
Thus, insects collidin~ with the wall structure, are caugh-t, as they fall after the impact, by a projection and are guided by its upper surface into the hollow body through the associa~ed aperture. The -trap Eurther includes a collecting vessel supported by the hollow body at a lower portion 20 thereof for collecting insec-ts entering the hollow body through the apertures. The collecting vessel is covered by smooth, sloping surEaces guiding the insects to a one-way opening for admitting them into the collecting vessel.
s~
5ince the trap acco-rding to the invention has no receiving funnel directly accessible froln the outside, the trap may be set at any desired location in a Eorest without the risk of operational malfullctlons because of solling or clogging. The apertures through which the insects en-ter the .hollow body are~ as vie~ed from above, almost en-tirely covered by the projections which extend obliquely upwardly from the lower edge of the apertures. ~h2 risks that plant par-ts such as branches or leaves or other foreign articles enter the hollow body or block the passages are reduced to a ~inimum. The oblique surfaces of the projections may be of such a short length in the sliding direction o. the insects that even pollen adhering to the projections cannot prevent the insects from sliding into the collecting vessel. Even if some of the passages are rendered useless by soiling, the operability of the entire trap as a whole is not appreciably affected because there always remains available a sufficient number of free (unclogged) passages through which -the insects, after having collided with -the hollow body, are guided into the inside of the hollow body and thus into ~he collecting vessel ~rom which they canno-t escape.
~RIEF DESCRIPTI~N OF THE DRAWING
Figure 1 is a :Eron-t elevational view of a preferred embodiment of the .invention.
Figure 2 is side elevational view o.~ -the structure shown in Figure 1.
Figure 3 is a sectional side elevational view, on an enlarged scale, of a part of the structure shown ln Figure 2.
Figure 4 is a fragmen-tary front elevational view, on an enlarged scale, of a hlank for making one component of the structure shown in Figures 1 and 2.
Figure 5a is a sectional side ele~ational view, on an enlarged scale, of a part of the structure shown in Figure 2.
Figure 5b is a fragmentary top plan view of the structure i.llustrated in Figure 5a.`
Figures 6, 7, 8 and 9 are top plan views of alternative outlines of the structure snown in Figures 1 and 2.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EM.30DIMENTS
Turning now to Figures 1 and 2, there is illustrated 20 an insect trap having a hollow body generally designa-ted at 1 which is formed of two parallel vertical large sides 2 and 3 and two parallel narrow sides 4 which connect -the sides 2 and 3 with one another. In the sides 2 and 3 there are provided a large number of apertures 5 frorn the lower edge of which there e~-tends upwàrdly a flap-like projection 6.
15 S~2 Underneath the sides 2 and 3 there is arranged a collec-tiny vessel 7 whose structure is sho~n in more de-tail in Figure 5. In the narrow sides 4, passages 8 rnay be provided for an improved ventilation and spreading of insec-~-at-tracting volatile compounds vapors from t'ne hollow body 1. It is noted that words of orientation, such as "vertical", "horizontal", "upward", etc. are related to the trap and its COnlpOnentS as positioned in normal use.
The apert~res 5 are distributed over the entire height of the sides 2 and 3. The apertures 5 are each separate from one another and are preferably designed as longitudinal slots. The apertures 5 are advantageously distributed over the height o the lateral faces 2 and 3 such that the apertures arranged along one horlzontal plane are aligned with yaps between apertures arranged along the overlyin~ and un~erlying horizontal planes. Further, the apertures 5 of each aperture row along the different horizontal planes overlap (as viewed in a vertical projection) the apertures of the adjoining aperture rows. Thus, viewing the hollow body 1 froln above, it appears as if a single projection 6 extends without interruption over the entire width of the sides 2 and 3~ Thus, the insects colliding with the side wall 2 or 3 cannot drop vertically down beyond the trap externally of -the hollow body but are caught by one of the projections 6 and are guided through -the associated aperture 5 into the inside of the hollow body 1.
_ g _ 9~
Turning now to Figure 4 which is a fragmentary view of a blank 2' Erom which side wall 2 is made, each projec-tion 6 and aperture 5 are produced, for example, by providing an inverted U shaped slot lO in the blank 2'. This results .in a flap portion ll which is bent outwardly out of the pl.ane of the blank 2' along a line 12 which connects the free ends of the "U" and which is shown in broken lines in Figure 4. By bending the flap portion 11 outwardly, the obliquely upwardly oriented projection 6 and, at the same time, the aperture 5 are produced in the wall structure 9 of the sides 2 and 3 as shown in Figure 3. Thus, the projection 6 starts - without any abutment or ledge - at the lower edge 13 of the aperture 5 and extends obllquely outwardly and upwardly as related to the operational position of the hollow body 1. The highest point of the projection 6 is thus situated on the side oriented away from the wall 9.
The .insects falling on the upwardly orien-ted surface of the projection 6 slide directly through the associated aperture 5 into the hollow body l.
It is to be understood that the projectlons 6 may be provided in any other desired manner.in the wall of the hollow body 1 which may be provided with the apertures 5 previously, for example, by stamping. The shape oE the apertures may also be freely selec~ed. Care has to be taXen - 10 ~
9~
that each projection 6 starts a-t the lower edge ]3 of each aperture 5 and that a smooth sliding face o the projection 6 i5 obtained which is not interrupted by an abut~ent edge or other obstruction.
For the protection of the upwardly oriented surface of ~the projection 6, a-t t~e top of the hollow body 1 -there is provided a roof 14 which extends over the projections 6.
For facilitating a replacement of the attractant dispenser accommodated within the hollow body 1, the latter may be provided with a rernovable lld.
The insects which collide with the hollo~ body 1 and are guided in the inside thereof fall into a collecting vessel generally designated at 7. The latter is preferably a two-part construction formed of a trough-like container 7a and a removable top closure 7b. The container 7a and the top closure 7b have, on opposite sides, laterally projecting flanges 18 which function as rails for being slidably received by the hollow body at the botto-rn thereof. T~e top closure 7b includes inwardly inclined, converging, highly smooth walls 15 and 16 which at their respective lower end, together define a narrow opening (slot) 17. The insects drop through the opening 17 into the collecting vessel 7 from which they cannot escape. For draining ra;n water, -the bottom of the con-tainer 7a is provided with apertures 21 which may be covered with a wire screen.
85~
The flat hollow bod~ 1 shown in Figures 1 and 2 is ~ormed, for example, of a 50 x 50 cm plastic frarne having 6 cm wide narrow sides 4. The two large sides 2 and 3 are inserted in the frame which may be formed, for example, of a 1-2 mm thick hyaline synthetic sheet materia] (such as polypropylene) stabilized against ultraviolet radia-tion.
The apertures 5 are slots lO cm long in the horizontal direction and 2 cm wide in the vertical direction. The collecting vessel 7 may be pushed into the -Erame and supported thereby by means of rails 18 mounted on the collecting vessel 7.
The 'nollow body 1 may be formed of disassemblable individual components to proyide for a space-saving shipment and storage when the trap is not in use. Preferably, the hollow body 1 should be easily assenblable and disasse~blable.
The embodiment of the hollow body 1 illustrated in Figures 1 and 2 represents a particularly advantageous design. In the operational position, the hollow body is, or example, suspended from a stand. As an alternative to the design with two large vertical walls 2 and 3, the hollow body la may have, ~or exarnple, a triangular cross-sectional outline as illustrated in Figure 6. In suc~ a design the 5~;~
three side walls 1~ are alL provicled wi-th apextures and projectlons. ~he same applies in case of a rectangular (square) cross-sectional configuration of a hollow body lb as illustrated in Figure 7 or in case oE any polygonal shape. In principle, the hollow body lc may be circular as shown in Figure 8 or elliptical as showr in Figure 9 (hollow body ld)~ It is to be understood that -the collecting vessel should expediently be adapted to the particular cross-sectional outline of the hollow body. It is feasible to use more than one collecting vessel.
In each embodiment, a container (not shown for -the sake of~simplicity) provided with at-tractant is situa-ted within the hollow body for attracting the forest insects. For attracting bark beetles, commercially available insect-specific pherornone is used.
It is further to be understood that the apertures 5 need not be interrupted in the horizontal direction; i-t is thus feasible to provide single horizon-tal apertures with associated projections which extend vertically spaced, parallel to one another along -the entire width of the wall of the hollow body.
It will be understood that the above description of the present invention i5 susceptible to various rnodifications, changes and adap-tations, and the same are intended to be comprehended within the meaning and range of equivalents of the appended claims.
~ ~ 7~
BACKGROUND OF 'rHE INVENTION
This invention rela-tes to an apparatus for catching flying insects, p~rticularly insects harmEuL in forests, such as bark beetles. The appara-tus ~as a hollow body which, in use, has a substantially vertically oriented wall struct~re provided with a plurality of independent, spaced openings and a recep-tacle (dispenser) disposed in the hollow body and con-taining a volatile compound serving as an attrac-tant.
Damage to forests caused by insects, particularly bark bee-tles is si~nificant. Certain species of bark beetles kill evergreen trees, while others diminish the quality of cut wood stored in the forest. In the fight against bark beetles Large volumes of cut evergreen wood are treated with poison to prevent breeding of the beetles in the logs or to destroy -the offspring. Such poison, however, often des-troys useful or harmless insects or other small animals whereby -the ecological balance of t~e forest is adversely affected. In addition, laws concerning the protec-tion oE drinking water often significantly limit the 20 use of poisons. ~ince t'ne economic significance of bark beetles is expected to expand urther inasmuch as industrial emissions (such as acid rain) make the trees more prone ~o insect a-t-tacks, a certain urgency is developing to Eind effective non-poisonous means to control the bark beetles.
;,., ~
~ ore recen-tly for certain insec-t species specific attractants (such as "pheromones", which are insect-produced volatile compounds att~active to both sexes in case of bark beetles) have been chemically identified and synthesized and it is sought to make use of such at-tractants particularly in traps adapted to the biology of the insect species.
The devices for catching bark beetles are usually divided into two types, such as "flignt traps" and "landing traps". The principle of flight traps resides in t'nat the insects, lured by the attractants collide "unintentionally"
with a flight barrier invisible ~o them, then fall and are caught in some manner. The principle of landing traps resides in that the insects, lured by the at-trac-tant, "intentionallyl' land on the outer trap wall and run thereon until they have found an aperture through which they can pass. Then they have to crai~l through the aperture into the trap, whereupon they fall directly into a collecting vessel positioned on the trap floor.
A flight trap for catching flying forest insects 2n iS disclosed, for example, in German Offen]egungsschriE-t (application published withou-t examination) No. 2,924,629.
The structure disclosed therein has two planar plates arranged at right angles which serve as collision sur:Eaces or flight barriers. T'ne plates are arranged on a funnel which has a smooth upper surface and which opens into a ;9;~
collecting vessel arranged therebelow. The collecting vessel accommodates a receptacle which contains the attractant.
The beetles collide in flight with -the plates which are invisible for them and fall - in case all components operate as intended - into the Eunnel and thereErom into the collecting vessel. In order to obtaîn satisfactory resul-ts with this type of insec-t trap, the surfaces of -the plates as well as the funnel have to be sufficiently large. This results in the disadvan-tage that in addition to insects intended to be trapped, plant parts, other :Eoreign bodies and sometimes even birds, drop into the funnel, so that its smooth surface is "roughened" by soiling. In early summer, particularly pollen is responsible for soilin~ the funnel surfaces. ~hen the funnel surface loses its smoothness, the insects falling into the ~unnel do not slide into the collecting vessel, but are able to hold onto the funnel wall and frequently leave the trap and return to the woods. Because of the large funnel opening, rain, snow and wind also have a disadvantageous effect on the functioning of these types oE
traps. Thus, for the above-outlined reasons, this type of known trap is often in an inoperative condition.
A known landing trap is disclosed, for exarnple, in German Offenlegungsschrift ~o. 2,821,378. The -trap which has been designed particularly for barX beetles, has a 3~
hollow body which has a large number of passages si-tuate~ on the top oE the hollow body. The outer surface of -the hollow body is roughened -to permit the beetles -to land and run thereon. The inner face of -the hollow body is particularly smoo-th. The immediate vicinity of the passages on the .inside of the hollow body is also roughened. ~ithin the hollow body there is posi-tioned a receptacle containing the a-ttractant. It has been found that such a device is well adapted for catching bark beetles wi-thout endangering useful animals. By virtue of its particular shape, the trap is adapted precisely to -the configuration of bar]c beetles while other forest insect~s cannot be trapped t'nereby or are only caught accidentallyO Further, -the Xnown landing trap i5 significan-tly less efficient than flight traps because landing traps, as noted, set Inuch hlgher "requiremen-ts" for the beetles.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is an object of the invention to provide an improved insect -trap for catching harmful flying fores-t insects which is of simple structure and of such a design that plant parts or other foreign bodies cannot adversely affect its operation and therefore the structure may function without maintenance.
_ 5 _ This object and others to become apparent as the specification progresses, are accomplished by the invention, according to which, briefly .stated, the insec-t -trap for catching flying forest insects has a hollow body adapted to accommoda-te insect attrac-tan-ts and defined at least in part by a vertical wall structure, a plurality of distributed apertures provided in the wall structure, and a separate, flap-like projection associated ~ith each aperture. Each projection extends rom the lower edge of each aper-ture 10 obliquely upwardly and away from the ~ollow body. Each projection has an upper surface oriented towards the wall structure and sloping downward]y towards the aper-ture associated therewith. Each upper surface has an abutment-free transition into the lower edge of the respective aper-ture.
Thus, insects collidin~ with the wall structure, are caugh-t, as they fall after the impact, by a projection and are guided by its upper surface into the hollow body through the associa~ed aperture. The -trap Eurther includes a collecting vessel supported by the hollow body at a lower portion 20 thereof for collecting insec-ts entering the hollow body through the apertures. The collecting vessel is covered by smooth, sloping surEaces guiding the insects to a one-way opening for admitting them into the collecting vessel.
s~
5ince the trap acco-rding to the invention has no receiving funnel directly accessible froln the outside, the trap may be set at any desired location in a Eorest without the risk of operational malfullctlons because of solling or clogging. The apertures through which the insects en-ter the .hollow body are~ as vie~ed from above, almost en-tirely covered by the projections which extend obliquely upwardly from the lower edge of the apertures. ~h2 risks that plant par-ts such as branches or leaves or other foreign articles enter the hollow body or block the passages are reduced to a ~inimum. The oblique surfaces of the projections may be of such a short length in the sliding direction o. the insects that even pollen adhering to the projections cannot prevent the insects from sliding into the collecting vessel. Even if some of the passages are rendered useless by soiling, the operability of the entire trap as a whole is not appreciably affected because there always remains available a sufficient number of free (unclogged) passages through which -the insects, after having collided with -the hollow body, are guided into the inside of the hollow body and thus into ~he collecting vessel ~rom which they canno-t escape.
~RIEF DESCRIPTI~N OF THE DRAWING
Figure 1 is a :Eron-t elevational view of a preferred embodiment of the .invention.
Figure 2 is side elevational view o.~ -the structure shown in Figure 1.
Figure 3 is a sectional side elevational view, on an enlarged scale, of a part of the structure shown ln Figure 2.
Figure 4 is a fragmen-tary front elevational view, on an enlarged scale, of a hlank for making one component of the structure shown in Figures 1 and 2.
Figure 5a is a sectional side ele~ational view, on an enlarged scale, of a part of the structure shown in Figure 2.
Figure 5b is a fragmentary top plan view of the structure i.llustrated in Figure 5a.`
Figures 6, 7, 8 and 9 are top plan views of alternative outlines of the structure snown in Figures 1 and 2.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EM.30DIMENTS
Turning now to Figures 1 and 2, there is illustrated 20 an insect trap having a hollow body generally designa-ted at 1 which is formed of two parallel vertical large sides 2 and 3 and two parallel narrow sides 4 which connect -the sides 2 and 3 with one another. In the sides 2 and 3 there are provided a large number of apertures 5 frorn the lower edge of which there e~-tends upwàrdly a flap-like projection 6.
15 S~2 Underneath the sides 2 and 3 there is arranged a collec-tiny vessel 7 whose structure is sho~n in more de-tail in Figure 5. In the narrow sides 4, passages 8 rnay be provided for an improved ventilation and spreading of insec-~-at-tracting volatile compounds vapors from t'ne hollow body 1. It is noted that words of orientation, such as "vertical", "horizontal", "upward", etc. are related to the trap and its COnlpOnentS as positioned in normal use.
The apert~res 5 are distributed over the entire height of the sides 2 and 3. The apertures 5 are each separate from one another and are preferably designed as longitudinal slots. The apertures 5 are advantageously distributed over the height o the lateral faces 2 and 3 such that the apertures arranged along one horlzontal plane are aligned with yaps between apertures arranged along the overlyin~ and un~erlying horizontal planes. Further, the apertures 5 of each aperture row along the different horizontal planes overlap (as viewed in a vertical projection) the apertures of the adjoining aperture rows. Thus, viewing the hollow body 1 froln above, it appears as if a single projection 6 extends without interruption over the entire width of the sides 2 and 3~ Thus, the insects colliding with the side wall 2 or 3 cannot drop vertically down beyond the trap externally of -the hollow body but are caught by one of the projections 6 and are guided through -the associated aperture 5 into the inside of the hollow body 1.
_ g _ 9~
Turning now to Figure 4 which is a fragmentary view of a blank 2' Erom which side wall 2 is made, each projec-tion 6 and aperture 5 are produced, for example, by providing an inverted U shaped slot lO in the blank 2'. This results .in a flap portion ll which is bent outwardly out of the pl.ane of the blank 2' along a line 12 which connects the free ends of the "U" and which is shown in broken lines in Figure 4. By bending the flap portion 11 outwardly, the obliquely upwardly oriented projection 6 and, at the same time, the aperture 5 are produced in the wall structure 9 of the sides 2 and 3 as shown in Figure 3. Thus, the projection 6 starts - without any abutment or ledge - at the lower edge 13 of the aperture 5 and extends obllquely outwardly and upwardly as related to the operational position of the hollow body 1. The highest point of the projection 6 is thus situated on the side oriented away from the wall 9.
The .insects falling on the upwardly orien-ted surface of the projection 6 slide directly through the associated aperture 5 into the hollow body l.
It is to be understood that the projectlons 6 may be provided in any other desired manner.in the wall of the hollow body 1 which may be provided with the apertures 5 previously, for example, by stamping. The shape oE the apertures may also be freely selec~ed. Care has to be taXen - 10 ~
9~
that each projection 6 starts a-t the lower edge ]3 of each aperture 5 and that a smooth sliding face o the projection 6 i5 obtained which is not interrupted by an abut~ent edge or other obstruction.
For the protection of the upwardly oriented surface of ~the projection 6, a-t t~e top of the hollow body 1 -there is provided a roof 14 which extends over the projections 6.
For facilitating a replacement of the attractant dispenser accommodated within the hollow body 1, the latter may be provided with a rernovable lld.
The insects which collide with the hollo~ body 1 and are guided in the inside thereof fall into a collecting vessel generally designated at 7. The latter is preferably a two-part construction formed of a trough-like container 7a and a removable top closure 7b. The container 7a and the top closure 7b have, on opposite sides, laterally projecting flanges 18 which function as rails for being slidably received by the hollow body at the botto-rn thereof. T~e top closure 7b includes inwardly inclined, converging, highly smooth walls 15 and 16 which at their respective lower end, together define a narrow opening (slot) 17. The insects drop through the opening 17 into the collecting vessel 7 from which they cannot escape. For draining ra;n water, -the bottom of the con-tainer 7a is provided with apertures 21 which may be covered with a wire screen.
85~
The flat hollow bod~ 1 shown in Figures 1 and 2 is ~ormed, for example, of a 50 x 50 cm plastic frarne having 6 cm wide narrow sides 4. The two large sides 2 and 3 are inserted in the frame which may be formed, for example, of a 1-2 mm thick hyaline synthetic sheet materia] (such as polypropylene) stabilized against ultraviolet radia-tion.
The apertures 5 are slots lO cm long in the horizontal direction and 2 cm wide in the vertical direction. The collecting vessel 7 may be pushed into the -Erame and supported thereby by means of rails 18 mounted on the collecting vessel 7.
The 'nollow body 1 may be formed of disassemblable individual components to proyide for a space-saving shipment and storage when the trap is not in use. Preferably, the hollow body 1 should be easily assenblable and disasse~blable.
The embodiment of the hollow body 1 illustrated in Figures 1 and 2 represents a particularly advantageous design. In the operational position, the hollow body is, or example, suspended from a stand. As an alternative to the design with two large vertical walls 2 and 3, the hollow body la may have, ~or exarnple, a triangular cross-sectional outline as illustrated in Figure 6. In suc~ a design the 5~;~
three side walls 1~ are alL provicled wi-th apextures and projectlons. ~he same applies in case of a rectangular (square) cross-sectional configuration of a hollow body lb as illustrated in Figure 7 or in case oE any polygonal shape. In principle, the hollow body lc may be circular as shown in Figure 8 or elliptical as showr in Figure 9 (hollow body ld)~ It is to be understood that -the collecting vessel should expediently be adapted to the particular cross-sectional outline of the hollow body. It is feasible to use more than one collecting vessel.
In each embodiment, a container (not shown for -the sake of~simplicity) provided with at-tractant is situa-ted within the hollow body for attracting the forest insects. For attracting bark beetles, commercially available insect-specific pherornone is used.
It is further to be understood that the apertures 5 need not be interrupted in the horizontal direction; i-t is thus feasible to provide single horizon-tal apertures with associated projections which extend vertically spaced, parallel to one another along -the entire width of the wall of the hollow body.
It will be understood that the above description of the present invention i5 susceptible to various rnodifications, changes and adap-tations, and the same are intended to be comprehended within the meaning and range of equivalents of the appended claims.
Claims (19)
1. A trap for catching flying insects, comprising:
(a) a hollow body adapted to accommodate a dispenser with insect-specific attractant and defined at least in part by a wall structure oriented vertically during use;
(b) a plurality of apertures provided in said wall structure and distributed substantially over the entire area thereof; each said aperture being bounded by a lower edge forming part of said wall structure;
(c) a separate, flap-like projection associated with each said aperture; each projection being affixed to said wall structure and extending from each said lower edge obliquely upwardly and away from said hollow body; each said projection having an upper surface oriented towards said wall structure and sloping downwardly towards the aperture associated therewith; each said upper surface having an abutment-free transition into said lower edge of the respective aperture, whereby insects colliding with said wall structure and falling downward are guided by said upper surface into the inside of said hollow body through the associated aperture; and (d) at least one collecting vessel supported by said hollow body at a lower portion thereof for collecting insects entering said hollow body through said apertures;
said collecting vessel being covered by smooth, sloping surfaces guiding the insects falling thereon after their passage into said hollow body; said sloping surfaces of said collecting vessel defining, at a lower portion thereof, a one-way opening for admitting insects into said collecting vessel.
(a) a hollow body adapted to accommodate a dispenser with insect-specific attractant and defined at least in part by a wall structure oriented vertically during use;
(b) a plurality of apertures provided in said wall structure and distributed substantially over the entire area thereof; each said aperture being bounded by a lower edge forming part of said wall structure;
(c) a separate, flap-like projection associated with each said aperture; each projection being affixed to said wall structure and extending from each said lower edge obliquely upwardly and away from said hollow body; each said projection having an upper surface oriented towards said wall structure and sloping downwardly towards the aperture associated therewith; each said upper surface having an abutment-free transition into said lower edge of the respective aperture, whereby insects colliding with said wall structure and falling downward are guided by said upper surface into the inside of said hollow body through the associated aperture; and (d) at least one collecting vessel supported by said hollow body at a lower portion thereof for collecting insects entering said hollow body through said apertures;
said collecting vessel being covered by smooth, sloping surfaces guiding the insects falling thereon after their passage into said hollow body; said sloping surfaces of said collecting vessel defining, at a lower portion thereof, a one-way opening for admitting insects into said collecting vessel.
2. A trap as defined in claim 1, wherein said apertures and said projections associated therewith are arranged in a plurality of horizontal rows spaced vertically from one another, the apertures and associated projections of each row being horizontally spaced from one another to define gaps among themselves; said apertures and associated projections of any selected row being aligned, as viewed vertically, with respective said gaps of rows immediately adjoining said selected row.
3. A trap as defined in claim 2, wherein said apertures and associated projections of any selected row overlap, as viewed vertically, respective said apertures and associated projections of rows immediately adjoining said selected row.
4. A trap as defined in claim 1, wherein said hollow body has a polygonal cross-sectional outline.
5. A trap as defined in claim 1, wherein said hollow body has a rectangular cross-sectional outline; said wall structure being formed of two parallel, oppositely-located large sides connected to one another by two parallel, oppositely-located small sides.
6. A trap as defined in claim 5, further comprising a plurality of openings provided in said small sides.
7. A trap as defined in claim 1, wherein said hollow body has a circular cross-sectional outline.
8. A trap as defined in claim 1, wherein said hollow body has an elliptical cross-sectional outline.
9. A trap as defined in claim 1, wherein said hollow body has a top side as viewed when in use; said top side being closed.
10. A trap as defined in claim 9, further comprising lid means closing said top side.
11. A trap as defined in claim 10, wherein said means comprises a roof-like construction extending from said hollow body beyond said projections.
12. A trap as defined in claim 1, wherein said hollow body comprises assemblable and disassemblable components.
13. A trap as defined in claim 1, wherein said apertures are slots having a length oriented horizontally as viewed in use.
14. A trap as defined in claim 1, wherein each projection is a bent-out part of said wall structure and each aperture is constituted by a discontinuity left in said wall structure by the respective bent-out part.
15. A trap as defined in claim 1, wherein said collecting vessel is readily removable from and insertable into said hollow body.
16. A trap as defined in claim 1, further comprising rail means for guiding said collecting vessel in said hollow body.
17. A trap as defined in claim 1, wherein said sloping surfaces covering said collecting vessel form a part of said hollow body.
18. A trap as defined in claim 1, wherein said wall structure is a hyaline synthetic material.
19. A trap as defined in claim 1, wherein said hollow body has a top side as viewed in use; further comprising a roof-like construction arranged on said top side and extending from said hollow body beyond said projections.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE3231232 | 1982-08-20 | ||
| DEP3231232.6 | 1982-08-20 | ||
| DEP3303889.9 | 1983-02-05 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1198592A true CA1198592A (en) | 1985-12-31 |
Family
ID=6171463
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000433265A Expired CA1198592A (en) | 1982-08-20 | 1983-07-26 | Insect trap |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1198592A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111296323A (en) * | 2020-04-16 | 2020-06-19 | 嘉禾源硕生态科技有限公司 | Device for bumblebee pollination and accurate pesticide and fertilizer application and use method thereof |
| CN111955431A (en) * | 2020-08-26 | 2020-11-20 | 王轩晨 | Catcher for young cicadas |
-
1983
- 1983-07-26 CA CA000433265A patent/CA1198592A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111296323A (en) * | 2020-04-16 | 2020-06-19 | 嘉禾源硕生态科技有限公司 | Device for bumblebee pollination and accurate pesticide and fertilizer application and use method thereof |
| CN111955431A (en) * | 2020-08-26 | 2020-11-20 | 王轩晨 | Catcher for young cicadas |
| CN111955431B (en) * | 2020-08-26 | 2022-04-01 | 王轩晨 | Catcher for young cicadas |
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| MKEX | Expiry | ||
| MKEX | Expiry |
Effective date: 20030726 |