CA1196530A - Window structures with securely installed window glazing - Google Patents
Window structures with securely installed window glazingInfo
- Publication number
- CA1196530A CA1196530A CA000403690A CA403690A CA1196530A CA 1196530 A CA1196530 A CA 1196530A CA 000403690 A CA000403690 A CA 000403690A CA 403690 A CA403690 A CA 403690A CA 1196530 A CA1196530 A CA 1196530A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- window
- glazing
- frame
- pin
- window frame
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Landscapes
- Securing Of Glass Panes Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
Window structures with window glazing fitted within window frames by means of a obstruction device comprising at least one hardened pin which cannot be tampered with from the outside of the window frame when it is in closed position and thereby prevents removal of the window glazing after window trim mouldings that cover the junction between the glazing and the frame and retain the glazing have been removed. The pin or pins are mounted in the frame edge and entered in front of the glazing, or in the case of a multiple-pane glazing can extend between two of the panes of the glazing. In the latter case the edge of the glazing may have a sealing member that provides pockets for protrusion of the pin between the panes.
Window structures with window glazing fitted within window frames by means of a obstruction device comprising at least one hardened pin which cannot be tampered with from the outside of the window frame when it is in closed position and thereby prevents removal of the window glazing after window trim mouldings that cover the junction between the glazing and the frame and retain the glazing have been removed. The pin or pins are mounted in the frame edge and entered in front of the glazing, or in the case of a multiple-pane glazing can extend between two of the panes of the glazing. In the latter case the edge of the glazing may have a sealing member that provides pockets for protrusion of the pin between the panes.
Description
3~
WINDOW STRUCT~RES WITH SECURELY INSTALLED WINDOW GLAZINGS
The present invention relates to window structures with securely installed window glazings for preventing illegal entry to a building through the window structures.
Entry is made illegally through window structures by removing firstly installation components such as window trim mouldings that retain the window glazing, and then the window glazing consisting of single or multiple glazing panes or other sheet constructions.
The objective of this invention is to provide window structures that are secured against burglaries, in those window constructions where the window glass panes are installed from the outside of the window frames, and is particularly applicable to window structures made from wood or similar materials.
Existiny usual window structures consist of window glazing, such as single, double or even triple glass panes installed in fixed or movable window frames. A rabbet is machined in the outside of the frame, in which the window glazing is installed by the help of positioning blocks, sealing profiles and window trim mouldings. These blocks, profiles and mouldings are mounted with nails or screws in such a way that pressure is applied against the sealing profiles. Window structures can utilize single window frames with single window glazing or double window frames with multiple window glazing.
In latter years it has been more and more common to use single window frames and window glazing with double or triple window panes. The trim mouldings are most often made of wood ~., ~g~;31~
and with a metal profile moulding in the lower part. ~ome window structures use only trim mouldings made from metal profiles. Window glazing with triple panes will be thick and create problems to find enough space for installing the trim mouldings and this makes it necessary to make the window frames thicker. Window structures made from metal are used in rather limit quantities and mostly ~or special buildings.
Metal constructions exist in so many different types of designs that it is not practical here to describe these in detail.
Window glazings with miltiple panes are built up by using spacing profiles located along the outer edges and between the layers of glass, where the sealing profile also is placed.
The space between the panes is filled with purified air and moisture absorbing material is contained in the spacing profiles in order to prevent condensation on the inside surfaces.
Panes with sealed multiple window glazing can be divided into three groups:
a) Panes with glass sealing between the layers.
b) Panes wih glass to metal sealing.
c) Panes with organic glue and sealing compound.
Sealed window glazings can be fabricated with two or more layers of glass. These layers may have different thicknesses. The objectives are to prevent heat losses and noise penetration. Details and problems regarding the installation of the window glazings seem to be left up to the window producers.
By using expensive types of wood, the rabbet can be .~,. .
.. ,, ~ . .
. .
;3e~
machined on the inside of the window Erames in order to make it possible to install window glazings and trim mouldings from the room side. This is ethically not desired and not practical when less expensive types of wood are used. Usually the window glazings and trim mouldings are therefore installed from the outside of the window structure in most constructions.
The distinct disadvantages regarding such conventional windows is that a burglar with a simple screwdriver, can remove the trim mouldings and then the window glazing. This can be done very quicklyf and ~uietly from the outside of the building. Many burglaries have been carried out in this way.
These types of burglaries are also a distinct threat against the safety of people in their own homes.
In many buildings, considerable efforts have been carried out to secure the doors against break-ins. But these efforts are significantly reduced in value when a burglar can easily enter through a window structure.
Some window types appear to be safe against break-ins, but with the right toolsf it is relatively easy to remove the trim mouldinas which are installed on the outer side of the window glazing.
In accordance with the present invention there is provided a window structure adapted to minimise risk of illegal entry into a building through the window structure comprising:
a window frame having a rabbet therein for reception of a window glazing;
a window glazing set therein;
window trim attached to the window frame on the outside ~J
S3~
side of the window frame to hold the window glaziny in place in the window frame;
at least one hardened pin set in the window frame outwardly of at least part of the window glazing to prevent outward removal of the window glazing after removal of the window trim, every pin being inaccessible from the outside side of the window structure once the window ~rame is assembled in closed position in the window structure.
The window glazing may be single glazed and the said at least one pin is set in the frame to extend on the outward side of the single window glazing.
The window structure may be double glazed, comprising two spaced parallel glazing panes and the said at least one pin is set in the frame to extend between the two glazing panes of the window glazing.
The obstruction devices of the invention can be installed in the production of new windows or installed in window constructions in existing buildings. The devices are simple and inexpensive both to produce and install.
The invention is further described in the attached drawings, wherein:
FIGURE 1 is a section through part of a window glazing and adjoining window frame showing the invention applied to a double glazed window, FIGURE 2 shows another embodiment similar to Figure 1, FIGURE 3 shows a further embodiment and also shows separately the obstruction device of the invention, FIGURE 4 shows a further embodiment similar to Figure 1, ~, ~,.,,.
~96~3C~
FIG~RES 5 and 6 show respective further embodiments in which a device of the invention protrudes between the window panes of a double window glazing, FIGURES 7, 8 and 9 show respective further embodiments wherein the device can be installed from inside the window structure, FIGURES 10 and 11 show respective further e~bodiments wherein the device can be installed from the outer edge of the window frame, and ~ IGURES 12 through 17 show respective spacing profiles for interposition between the window frames of a window glazing and adapted to give room for reception of the obstruction devices of the invention.
Reference is first made to Fig. 1 which shows a double parallel pane window glazing 5 installed in a sealing or rabbet profile 4b machined in a movable window frame 4, using sealing profiles 6, blocks 7 and mouldings 3. A hole is drilled in the window Erame 4 from a side edge thereof through which a bolt-shaped obstruction device of the invention is installed.
The device 1 has a stopping collar la which rests against one surface lb of the frame in the rabbet area. The device is fastened by using a nut 2 which is screw threaded on to an opposite end. This nut 2 is, as shown, installed from the outer side edge surface of the frame 4 and cannot be removed when the frame 4 is in the closed position in the window structure. The end of the device la protrudes sufficiently into the free area of the rabbet ~a, 4b, so that the window glazing 5 cannot be removed from the outside even if the trim mouldings 3 are ; ~
3~
removed and the blocks 7 are removed and the window gla~ing 5 is moved over in the opposite direction of the device 1.
Obstruction devices 1 can be used vertically in the top and bottom edges and/or horizontally in the opposite side edges of the frame. The number and positions of the devices 1 can be as wanted.
Figure 2 shows a similar method ~or securing the window glazing 5~ The obstruction device 1 is fabricated with a head lc and is installed from the outer edge of the window frame 4.
~ screw 2 holds the device in place. The hole remaining facing outwards when the screw is home may be sealed using a compound or a plug 8. The trim moulding 3 shown in Figure 2 is a metal profile.
Figure 3 shows a bolt-shaped obstruction device 1 which is also installed from the outer edge 4c of a movable window frame 4. The device runs through the frame 4, the rabbet surface 4b and protrudes into the free area in the rabbet on the outside of the window glass pane 5. The device 1 has a radially englarged head with a relatively large diameter in order to prevent the device 2 from possibly being knocked or forced into the window structure surrounding the closed window frame 4 upon an attempt to drive the device out of the frame after removal of the trim moulding 3.
Figure 4 shows basically the same construction as in Figure 1, except the end of the device ld has a flat form which re~uires less space between the trirn moulding 3 and the window glazing 5. In this Figure and others, a broken line through the mouldings, indicates that these are installed by the use of ,.. i .
" ~ '''~., 3~
nails or screws inclined in the direction of the line so that the glazing 5 is forced against the sealing surface 4a.
Figures 5 and 6 respectively show a bolt-shaped device 1 and an angle-formed obstruction device 11. These devices when installed protrude sufficiently far into a space provided between the spaced parallel planes of the double glazing that the glazing 5 cannot be removed, even if the trim moulding 3 is removed. Local outward facing cavities formed between the glazings, provide space for the obstructin devices, as shown in Figures 12, 13, 14, 15, 16 and 17.
Figure 7 shows an angle-formed obstruction device 13 installed in a window frame 4 through a hole in the window frame drilled with the edge even with the side 4b of the rabbet. The device 13 is secured by a nut 14 installed from the inside of the window structure.
Figure ~ shows the same principle as in Figure 7, except that the obstruction device 16 is formed into an angle-shaped profile. The hole for mounting the device 16 can be made suitably larger than the fastening screw 10 to make the device 16 selfadjusting regarding its location relative to the moulding 3 and the glazing 5.
Figure 9 shows an obstruction device 1 used together with a flat metal piece 15. The device 1 is installed in a hole in the frame 4 and secured by a screw installed from the inside. The metal piece 15 is attached to the device 1 and rests against one surface in the rabbet. The flat metal piece 15 will prevent the device 1 being moved out of position by di.splacing some material around the hole in the frame 4.
~I
., .
~96~3~
Figures 10 and 11, show a structure in which a glazing 5 is secured by the use of angle-formed obstruction devices 19 and l9a, whi.ch are held in place by screws 18 installed from the outer edge of the frame 4.
Figure 12 shows a spacing profile 22 between the two parallel planes ~f a double glazing, the profile being bent in such a way as to form an outward facing cavity providing suitable room for the obstruction devices 1, between the panes.
This local cavity will, as shownr not break the sealing between the glass sheets 20.
Figures 13 and 14, show that the spacing profile 22 can be formed to provide free open spaces between the glass sheets 20 in the corners of the window glazings 5, giving suitable room for obstruction devices 1.
Figure 15 shows a structure wherein a separate part 23 containing the desired cavity is fitted into the spacing profile 22.
Figure 16 shows a corner fitting 24 installed in the corner of a window glazing 5, the desired cavity being formed in the corner of the fitting 24.
Figure 17 shows a corner fitting 25, cast or manufactured fro~ a U-profile, installed in the corner of a window glazing 5. Fitting 15 provides the required outwardly facing cavity between the glass sheets 20. It requires the space between the fittings and spacing profiles to be sealed to avoid breaking the sealing between the area between the glass sheets 20 and the outside.
WINDOW STRUCT~RES WITH SECURELY INSTALLED WINDOW GLAZINGS
The present invention relates to window structures with securely installed window glazings for preventing illegal entry to a building through the window structures.
Entry is made illegally through window structures by removing firstly installation components such as window trim mouldings that retain the window glazing, and then the window glazing consisting of single or multiple glazing panes or other sheet constructions.
The objective of this invention is to provide window structures that are secured against burglaries, in those window constructions where the window glass panes are installed from the outside of the window frames, and is particularly applicable to window structures made from wood or similar materials.
Existiny usual window structures consist of window glazing, such as single, double or even triple glass panes installed in fixed or movable window frames. A rabbet is machined in the outside of the frame, in which the window glazing is installed by the help of positioning blocks, sealing profiles and window trim mouldings. These blocks, profiles and mouldings are mounted with nails or screws in such a way that pressure is applied against the sealing profiles. Window structures can utilize single window frames with single window glazing or double window frames with multiple window glazing.
In latter years it has been more and more common to use single window frames and window glazing with double or triple window panes. The trim mouldings are most often made of wood ~., ~g~;31~
and with a metal profile moulding in the lower part. ~ome window structures use only trim mouldings made from metal profiles. Window glazing with triple panes will be thick and create problems to find enough space for installing the trim mouldings and this makes it necessary to make the window frames thicker. Window structures made from metal are used in rather limit quantities and mostly ~or special buildings.
Metal constructions exist in so many different types of designs that it is not practical here to describe these in detail.
Window glazings with miltiple panes are built up by using spacing profiles located along the outer edges and between the layers of glass, where the sealing profile also is placed.
The space between the panes is filled with purified air and moisture absorbing material is contained in the spacing profiles in order to prevent condensation on the inside surfaces.
Panes with sealed multiple window glazing can be divided into three groups:
a) Panes with glass sealing between the layers.
b) Panes wih glass to metal sealing.
c) Panes with organic glue and sealing compound.
Sealed window glazings can be fabricated with two or more layers of glass. These layers may have different thicknesses. The objectives are to prevent heat losses and noise penetration. Details and problems regarding the installation of the window glazings seem to be left up to the window producers.
By using expensive types of wood, the rabbet can be .~,. .
.. ,, ~ . .
. .
;3e~
machined on the inside of the window Erames in order to make it possible to install window glazings and trim mouldings from the room side. This is ethically not desired and not practical when less expensive types of wood are used. Usually the window glazings and trim mouldings are therefore installed from the outside of the window structure in most constructions.
The distinct disadvantages regarding such conventional windows is that a burglar with a simple screwdriver, can remove the trim mouldings and then the window glazing. This can be done very quicklyf and ~uietly from the outside of the building. Many burglaries have been carried out in this way.
These types of burglaries are also a distinct threat against the safety of people in their own homes.
In many buildings, considerable efforts have been carried out to secure the doors against break-ins. But these efforts are significantly reduced in value when a burglar can easily enter through a window structure.
Some window types appear to be safe against break-ins, but with the right toolsf it is relatively easy to remove the trim mouldinas which are installed on the outer side of the window glazing.
In accordance with the present invention there is provided a window structure adapted to minimise risk of illegal entry into a building through the window structure comprising:
a window frame having a rabbet therein for reception of a window glazing;
a window glazing set therein;
window trim attached to the window frame on the outside ~J
S3~
side of the window frame to hold the window glaziny in place in the window frame;
at least one hardened pin set in the window frame outwardly of at least part of the window glazing to prevent outward removal of the window glazing after removal of the window trim, every pin being inaccessible from the outside side of the window structure once the window ~rame is assembled in closed position in the window structure.
The window glazing may be single glazed and the said at least one pin is set in the frame to extend on the outward side of the single window glazing.
The window structure may be double glazed, comprising two spaced parallel glazing panes and the said at least one pin is set in the frame to extend between the two glazing panes of the window glazing.
The obstruction devices of the invention can be installed in the production of new windows or installed in window constructions in existing buildings. The devices are simple and inexpensive both to produce and install.
The invention is further described in the attached drawings, wherein:
FIGURE 1 is a section through part of a window glazing and adjoining window frame showing the invention applied to a double glazed window, FIGURE 2 shows another embodiment similar to Figure 1, FIGURE 3 shows a further embodiment and also shows separately the obstruction device of the invention, FIGURE 4 shows a further embodiment similar to Figure 1, ~, ~,.,,.
~96~3C~
FIG~RES 5 and 6 show respective further embodiments in which a device of the invention protrudes between the window panes of a double window glazing, FIGURES 7, 8 and 9 show respective further embodiments wherein the device can be installed from inside the window structure, FIGURES 10 and 11 show respective further e~bodiments wherein the device can be installed from the outer edge of the window frame, and ~ IGURES 12 through 17 show respective spacing profiles for interposition between the window frames of a window glazing and adapted to give room for reception of the obstruction devices of the invention.
Reference is first made to Fig. 1 which shows a double parallel pane window glazing 5 installed in a sealing or rabbet profile 4b machined in a movable window frame 4, using sealing profiles 6, blocks 7 and mouldings 3. A hole is drilled in the window Erame 4 from a side edge thereof through which a bolt-shaped obstruction device of the invention is installed.
The device 1 has a stopping collar la which rests against one surface lb of the frame in the rabbet area. The device is fastened by using a nut 2 which is screw threaded on to an opposite end. This nut 2 is, as shown, installed from the outer side edge surface of the frame 4 and cannot be removed when the frame 4 is in the closed position in the window structure. The end of the device la protrudes sufficiently into the free area of the rabbet ~a, 4b, so that the window glazing 5 cannot be removed from the outside even if the trim mouldings 3 are ; ~
3~
removed and the blocks 7 are removed and the window gla~ing 5 is moved over in the opposite direction of the device 1.
Obstruction devices 1 can be used vertically in the top and bottom edges and/or horizontally in the opposite side edges of the frame. The number and positions of the devices 1 can be as wanted.
Figure 2 shows a similar method ~or securing the window glazing 5~ The obstruction device 1 is fabricated with a head lc and is installed from the outer edge of the window frame 4.
~ screw 2 holds the device in place. The hole remaining facing outwards when the screw is home may be sealed using a compound or a plug 8. The trim moulding 3 shown in Figure 2 is a metal profile.
Figure 3 shows a bolt-shaped obstruction device 1 which is also installed from the outer edge 4c of a movable window frame 4. The device runs through the frame 4, the rabbet surface 4b and protrudes into the free area in the rabbet on the outside of the window glass pane 5. The device 1 has a radially englarged head with a relatively large diameter in order to prevent the device 2 from possibly being knocked or forced into the window structure surrounding the closed window frame 4 upon an attempt to drive the device out of the frame after removal of the trim moulding 3.
Figure 4 shows basically the same construction as in Figure 1, except the end of the device ld has a flat form which re~uires less space between the trirn moulding 3 and the window glazing 5. In this Figure and others, a broken line through the mouldings, indicates that these are installed by the use of ,.. i .
" ~ '''~., 3~
nails or screws inclined in the direction of the line so that the glazing 5 is forced against the sealing surface 4a.
Figures 5 and 6 respectively show a bolt-shaped device 1 and an angle-formed obstruction device 11. These devices when installed protrude sufficiently far into a space provided between the spaced parallel planes of the double glazing that the glazing 5 cannot be removed, even if the trim moulding 3 is removed. Local outward facing cavities formed between the glazings, provide space for the obstructin devices, as shown in Figures 12, 13, 14, 15, 16 and 17.
Figure 7 shows an angle-formed obstruction device 13 installed in a window frame 4 through a hole in the window frame drilled with the edge even with the side 4b of the rabbet. The device 13 is secured by a nut 14 installed from the inside of the window structure.
Figure ~ shows the same principle as in Figure 7, except that the obstruction device 16 is formed into an angle-shaped profile. The hole for mounting the device 16 can be made suitably larger than the fastening screw 10 to make the device 16 selfadjusting regarding its location relative to the moulding 3 and the glazing 5.
Figure 9 shows an obstruction device 1 used together with a flat metal piece 15. The device 1 is installed in a hole in the frame 4 and secured by a screw installed from the inside. The metal piece 15 is attached to the device 1 and rests against one surface in the rabbet. The flat metal piece 15 will prevent the device 1 being moved out of position by di.splacing some material around the hole in the frame 4.
~I
., .
~96~3~
Figures 10 and 11, show a structure in which a glazing 5 is secured by the use of angle-formed obstruction devices 19 and l9a, whi.ch are held in place by screws 18 installed from the outer edge of the frame 4.
Figure 12 shows a spacing profile 22 between the two parallel planes ~f a double glazing, the profile being bent in such a way as to form an outward facing cavity providing suitable room for the obstruction devices 1, between the panes.
This local cavity will, as shownr not break the sealing between the glass sheets 20.
Figures 13 and 14, show that the spacing profile 22 can be formed to provide free open spaces between the glass sheets 20 in the corners of the window glazings 5, giving suitable room for obstruction devices 1.
Figure 15 shows a structure wherein a separate part 23 containing the desired cavity is fitted into the spacing profile 22.
Figure 16 shows a corner fitting 24 installed in the corner of a window glazing 5, the desired cavity being formed in the corner of the fitting 24.
Figure 17 shows a corner fitting 25, cast or manufactured fro~ a U-profile, installed in the corner of a window glazing 5. Fitting 15 provides the required outwardly facing cavity between the glass sheets 20. It requires the space between the fittings and spacing profiles to be sealed to avoid breaking the sealing between the area between the glass sheets 20 and the outside.
Claims (10)
OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. A window structure adapted to minimise risk of illegal entry into a building through the window structure comprising:
a window frame having a rabbet therein for reception of a window glazing;
a window glazing set therein;
window trim attached to the window frame on the outside side of the window frame to hold the window glazing in place in the window frame;
at least one hardened pin set in the window frame outwardly of at least part of the window glazing to prevent outward removal of the window glazing after removal of the window trim, every pin being inaccessible from the outside side of the window structure once the window frame is assembled in closed position in the window structure.
a window frame having a rabbet therein for reception of a window glazing;
a window glazing set therein;
window trim attached to the window frame on the outside side of the window frame to hold the window glazing in place in the window frame;
at least one hardened pin set in the window frame outwardly of at least part of the window glazing to prevent outward removal of the window glazing after removal of the window trim, every pin being inaccessible from the outside side of the window structure once the window frame is assembled in closed position in the window structure.
2. A window structure as claimed in claim 1, in which the window glazing is single glazed and the said at least one pin is set in the frame to extend on the outward side of the single window glazing.
3. A window structure as claimed in claim 1, in which the window glazing is double glazed comprising two spaced parallel glazing panes and the said at least one pin is set in the frame to extend between the two glazing panes of the window glazing.
4. A window structure as claimed in claim 1, in which the window glazing is triple glazed comprising three spaced parallel glazing panes and the said at least one pin is set in the frame to extend between two glazing panes of the window glazing.
5. A window structure as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, in which the hardened pin is set in the window frame to extend from a side edge of the window frame into the window frame and into the rabbet.
6. A window structure as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, in which the hardened pin is set in the window frame to extend from a side edge of the window frame into the window frame and into the rabbet, and wherein the pin is provided at its end adjacent the said window frame edge with a radially-enlarged head which buts against the window structure upon an attempt to drive the pin out of the window frame from the outside of the window frame upon removal of the window trim.
7. A window structure as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein each pin has a radially extending flange thereon engaging a respective surface of the rabbet to prevent driving out of the pin from the outside of the window frame after removal of the window frame.
8. A window structure as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein each pin is locked in position in the window frame by a screw which is mounted in the window frame and engages the respective adjacent pin end.
9. A window structure as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein each pin is locked in position in the window frame by a screw which is mounted in the window frame and engages the respective adjacent pin end, and wherein the screw is covered by a covering plug.
10. A window structure as claimed in claim 1, in which the window glazing is double glazed comprising two spaced parallel glazing panes and the said at least one pin is set in the frame to extend between the two glazing panes of the window glazing, and wherein sealing means between the edges of the parallel panes provide a respective pocket for protrusion of the respective pin between the panes.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000403690A CA1196530A (en) | 1982-05-25 | 1982-05-25 | Window structures with securely installed window glazing |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000403690A CA1196530A (en) | 1982-05-25 | 1982-05-25 | Window structures with securely installed window glazing |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1196530A true CA1196530A (en) | 1985-11-12 |
Family
ID=4122859
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000403690A Expired CA1196530A (en) | 1982-05-25 | 1982-05-25 | Window structures with securely installed window glazing |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1196530A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2356887A (en) * | 1999-10-01 | 2001-06-06 | Ronald James Care | Glazing security element |
-
1982
- 1982-05-25 CA CA000403690A patent/CA1196530A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2356887A (en) * | 1999-10-01 | 2001-06-06 | Ronald James Care | Glazing security element |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |