CA1196515A - Device for detecting persons buried by avalanches - Google Patents
Device for detecting persons buried by avalanchesInfo
- Publication number
- CA1196515A CA1196515A CA000425527A CA425527A CA1196515A CA 1196515 A CA1196515 A CA 1196515A CA 000425527 A CA000425527 A CA 000425527A CA 425527 A CA425527 A CA 425527A CA 1196515 A CA1196515 A CA 1196515A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- rod
- probe head
- sleeve
- gas
- adjacent
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Landscapes
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Electric Means (AREA)
- Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
A device for detecting persons buried by avalanches which consists of a hollow rod connected to a suction pump and detector for breath of persons buried. The rod is closed at its lower end by a probe head whose outer configuration is greater than that of the rod. A sleeve is carried by the rod adjacent the probe head and its outer configuration is smaller than that of the probe head, the sleeve consisting of porous metal and radial bores in the rod on the inner side of the sleeve connecting to the hollow interior of the rod. Pore ducts in the porous metal thereby connect the environmental atmosphere adjacent the probe head with the detector and do not become blocked by snow into which the rod is thrust.
A device for detecting persons buried by avalanches which consists of a hollow rod connected to a suction pump and detector for breath of persons buried. The rod is closed at its lower end by a probe head whose outer configuration is greater than that of the rod. A sleeve is carried by the rod adjacent the probe head and its outer configuration is smaller than that of the probe head, the sleeve consisting of porous metal and radial bores in the rod on the inner side of the sleeve connecting to the hollow interior of the rod. Pore ducts in the porous metal thereby connect the environmental atmosphere adjacent the probe head with the detector and do not become blocked by snow into which the rod is thrust.
Description
Practical efforts for locating persons buried in avalanches have to date involved the use either of specially trained dogs or the use of wood staves thrufit into the snow to determine whether any mechanical resistance i8 encountered. If resistance is detected the object causing it is dug out. It is not generslly possible however to tell before digging, whether the resistance has besn caused by a humall body, or some other object. A great deal of valuable time is thus often wasted.
Probe devices are known for detecting leaks in underground gas pipes and which comprise a tube or hollow rod through which gas can pass to a detector. In such devices, gas induction ports consisting of transverse bores of a ~ew millimeters in diameter into the hollow rodO A longitudinally displaceable transverse plate carried on the rod, closes the hole in the ground made by the rod on its insertion so as to prevent fresh air from entering and diluting the ga3 intended to be detected. It has been found that gas detectors used in such devices can respond to carbon dioxide expelled by the human respiratory system, and attempts have been made to u3e such devices to detect persons buried by avalanches. Practical triala have failed however because when the device is thrust into the snow ~he gas induction ports become blocked by the dislodged snow, which effectively prevents the obtaining of meaningful measurements.
It i8 an object of the present invention to provide a device of the type described above but which can be used to detect persons buried in snow.
In the novel device here described gas induction ports are included compri~ing pore ducts in a porous slseve fo~ning a cover to tbe rod. The new device exploits the surprising fact that the ducts through a porous material~
such as porous sintered metal, remain essentially free and unblocked when the rod is thrust into snow. Detecting contact between the breath of a buried person in the atmosphere imrnediately surrounding the sleeve is thus achieved.
It has al~o been found that it is unnece3sary to have a plate to block off the holz formed by the rod! becau~e it i~ always of such depth that no air at and above ~he surface of the snow is drawn inO Tests of the novel device have indicted that even the position of the head of a buried person can be accurately and ~uickly determined.
More particularly, in accordance with the invention there is provided, a device for detecting persons buried by avalanches which comprises, a rod for insertion into ~now, a gas channel within the rod extending from a ~onnector at a first end to a probe head at the other end, the probe head having an external shape in a plane transverse to the longitudinal axis of the rod extending outwardly of the a~is to a further distance than the surface of the rod, a suction pump connected to the connector for drawing gas from within said rod and a detector for gas drawn by said suction pump, gas induction ports at the surface of said rod adjacent said probe and connecting environmental atmosphere adjacent said probe head with said gas channel, said gas induction ports being formed in a porous sleeve carried on said rod adjacent said probe head and comprising pore ducts in said ~leeve, said sleeve also extending from said longitudinal axis a distance less than that of said e~ternal shape of said probe head. The pore ducts are preferably in a diameter range of about 60 to about 80 microns. The sleeve msy be sintered metal, preferably bronze of ~pherical metal particles and of copper/tin 90/10 parts by weight. The sleeve is preferably held on the rod at a reduced diame~er of the rod by a screw or probe head. The connector c~n be configured as a water separator.
Specific embodiments of the invention will now be de~cribed with reference to the accol~panying drawings in which, Figure 1 is a side view of a device for detecting persons buried in avalanche 9 .
Figure 2 i8 a view at larger scale of the device of Figure 1 sectioned along line A - A;
Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view along line B - B of Figure 2.
The novel device for detecting persons burled by avalanches comprises a hollow rod 1, to the lower end 2 of which i9 attached a probe head 3 similar in general shape to a stone arrow head.
The probe head is of an external shape 4 in a plane transverse to the longitudinal direction of thè rod and extends beyond the outer diameter 5 of the rod projected onto this plane (see Figure 3). Inside rod 1 is a longitudinal gas passage or channel 6. The rod 1 is configured as a tube closed at one end by the probe head 3. The gas channel 6 is continuous from the probe head 3 to the upper end 7 of the rod 1, at a connector 8. The gas channel 6 connects at probe head 3 to bores 10 and then to pore ducts 9 in a rod cover sleeve 140 At the upper end 7 of the rod 1 the connector 8 i9 configured as a water separator and leads by way of hose 11 to a suction pump and breath detector, particularly a carbon dioxide detector, housed together with an indicator system, in a portable unit 12.
The gas induction ports comprise the pore ducts 9 in the porous sleeve 14 mounted on the rod 1. The sleeve 14 is preferably of porous sintered metalS and the pore ducts 9 are in the range of about 60 to about 80 microns in diameter. The sintered metal consists of sintered spherical bronze particles (copper/tin 90/10 parts by weight)~ Rod 1 has a reduced diameter and radial bores 10 in the region where the sleeve 14 is accommodated. The Yleeve 14 is pushed onto the rod from below and secured by the screw-on probe head. The pore ducts 9 are connected to the central gas channel 6 by the bores 10.
To detect a person buried by all avalanche, the rod 1 ;5 thrust into the snow and the suction pump and detector i8 switched on. If a hu~an is located beneath the ~ow, the detector will respond b~cause the exhaled air is diffused relatively rapidly through the snow cover and thus finds its way into the hole caused by the probe and thus into the probe ducts and to the detector.
Probe devices are known for detecting leaks in underground gas pipes and which comprise a tube or hollow rod through which gas can pass to a detector. In such devices, gas induction ports consisting of transverse bores of a ~ew millimeters in diameter into the hollow rodO A longitudinally displaceable transverse plate carried on the rod, closes the hole in the ground made by the rod on its insertion so as to prevent fresh air from entering and diluting the ga3 intended to be detected. It has been found that gas detectors used in such devices can respond to carbon dioxide expelled by the human respiratory system, and attempts have been made to u3e such devices to detect persons buried by avalanches. Practical triala have failed however because when the device is thrust into the snow ~he gas induction ports become blocked by the dislodged snow, which effectively prevents the obtaining of meaningful measurements.
It i8 an object of the present invention to provide a device of the type described above but which can be used to detect persons buried in snow.
In the novel device here described gas induction ports are included compri~ing pore ducts in a porous slseve fo~ning a cover to tbe rod. The new device exploits the surprising fact that the ducts through a porous material~
such as porous sintered metal, remain essentially free and unblocked when the rod is thrust into snow. Detecting contact between the breath of a buried person in the atmosphere imrnediately surrounding the sleeve is thus achieved.
It has al~o been found that it is unnece3sary to have a plate to block off the holz formed by the rod! becau~e it i~ always of such depth that no air at and above ~he surface of the snow is drawn inO Tests of the novel device have indicted that even the position of the head of a buried person can be accurately and ~uickly determined.
More particularly, in accordance with the invention there is provided, a device for detecting persons buried by avalanches which comprises, a rod for insertion into ~now, a gas channel within the rod extending from a ~onnector at a first end to a probe head at the other end, the probe head having an external shape in a plane transverse to the longitudinal axis of the rod extending outwardly of the a~is to a further distance than the surface of the rod, a suction pump connected to the connector for drawing gas from within said rod and a detector for gas drawn by said suction pump, gas induction ports at the surface of said rod adjacent said probe and connecting environmental atmosphere adjacent said probe head with said gas channel, said gas induction ports being formed in a porous sleeve carried on said rod adjacent said probe head and comprising pore ducts in said ~leeve, said sleeve also extending from said longitudinal axis a distance less than that of said e~ternal shape of said probe head. The pore ducts are preferably in a diameter range of about 60 to about 80 microns. The sleeve msy be sintered metal, preferably bronze of ~pherical metal particles and of copper/tin 90/10 parts by weight. The sleeve is preferably held on the rod at a reduced diame~er of the rod by a screw or probe head. The connector c~n be configured as a water separator.
Specific embodiments of the invention will now be de~cribed with reference to the accol~panying drawings in which, Figure 1 is a side view of a device for detecting persons buried in avalanche 9 .
Figure 2 i8 a view at larger scale of the device of Figure 1 sectioned along line A - A;
Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view along line B - B of Figure 2.
The novel device for detecting persons burled by avalanches comprises a hollow rod 1, to the lower end 2 of which i9 attached a probe head 3 similar in general shape to a stone arrow head.
The probe head is of an external shape 4 in a plane transverse to the longitudinal direction of thè rod and extends beyond the outer diameter 5 of the rod projected onto this plane (see Figure 3). Inside rod 1 is a longitudinal gas passage or channel 6. The rod 1 is configured as a tube closed at one end by the probe head 3. The gas channel 6 is continuous from the probe head 3 to the upper end 7 of the rod 1, at a connector 8. The gas channel 6 connects at probe head 3 to bores 10 and then to pore ducts 9 in a rod cover sleeve 140 At the upper end 7 of the rod 1 the connector 8 i9 configured as a water separator and leads by way of hose 11 to a suction pump and breath detector, particularly a carbon dioxide detector, housed together with an indicator system, in a portable unit 12.
The gas induction ports comprise the pore ducts 9 in the porous sleeve 14 mounted on the rod 1. The sleeve 14 is preferably of porous sintered metalS and the pore ducts 9 are in the range of about 60 to about 80 microns in diameter. The sintered metal consists of sintered spherical bronze particles (copper/tin 90/10 parts by weight)~ Rod 1 has a reduced diameter and radial bores 10 in the region where the sleeve 14 is accommodated. The Yleeve 14 is pushed onto the rod from below and secured by the screw-on probe head. The pore ducts 9 are connected to the central gas channel 6 by the bores 10.
To detect a person buried by all avalanche, the rod 1 ;5 thrust into the snow and the suction pump and detector i8 switched on. If a hu~an is located beneath the ~ow, the detector will respond b~cause the exhaled air is diffused relatively rapidly through the snow cover and thus finds its way into the hole caused by the probe and thus into the probe ducts and to the detector.
Claims (10)
PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. A device for detecting persons buried by avalanches which comprises, a rod for insertion into snow, a gas channel within the ?od extending from a connector at a first end to a probe head at the other end, the probe head having an external shape in a plane transverse to the longitiduinal axis of the rod extending outwardly of the axis to a further distance than the surface of the rod, a suction pump connected to the connector for drawing gas from within said rod and a detector for gas drawn by said suction pump, gas induction ports at the surface of said rod adjacent said probe and connecting environmental atmosphere adjacent said probe head with said gas channel, said gas induction ports being formed in a porous sleeve carried on said rod adjacent said probe head and comprising pore ducts in said sleeve, said sleeve also extending from said longitudinal axis a distance less than that of said external shape of said probe head.
2. A device as defined in claim 1, said pore ducts being of a diamater within the range of about 60 to about 80 microns.
3. A device as defined in claim 1, said sleeve comprising sintered metal.
4. A device as defined in claim 3, said sintered metal comprising sintered spherical metal particles.
5. A device as defined in claim 3 or 4, said sintered metal being bronze.
6. A device as defined in claim 3 or 4, said sintered metal comprising bronze consisting of copper/tin of 90/10 parts by weight.
7. A device as defined in claim 1, said sleeve being slidable onto said rod and including an inner surface, said rod being of reduced diameter adjacent the probe head for receiving said sleeve, and radial bores in said rod between said inner surface of said sleeve and said gas channel.
8. A device as defined in claim 1 or 7, said probe head being retained on the rod by a screw thread.
9. A device as defined in claim 1, said rod comprising a tube, the lower end being closed off by said probe head.
10. A device as defined in claim 1, said connector being configured as a water separator.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000425527A CA1196515A (en) | 1983-04-08 | 1983-04-08 | Device for detecting persons buried by avalanches |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000425527A CA1196515A (en) | 1983-04-08 | 1983-04-08 | Device for detecting persons buried by avalanches |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1196515A true CA1196515A (en) | 1985-11-12 |
Family
ID=4124977
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000425527A Expired CA1196515A (en) | 1983-04-08 | 1983-04-08 | Device for detecting persons buried by avalanches |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1196515A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102435473A (en) * | 2011-12-16 | 2012-05-02 | 山东八一煤电化有限公司 | Multifunctional detector |
| EP2907551A1 (en) * | 2014-02-14 | 2015-08-19 | Ortovox Sportartikel GmbH | Detector and method for operating a detector |
| CN114486673A (en) * | 2022-01-04 | 2022-05-13 | 中交第四航务工程局有限公司 | In-situ pore pressure testing device and method for field vibration liquefaction test |
-
1983
- 1983-04-08 CA CA000425527A patent/CA1196515A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102435473A (en) * | 2011-12-16 | 2012-05-02 | 山东八一煤电化有限公司 | Multifunctional detector |
| EP2907551A1 (en) * | 2014-02-14 | 2015-08-19 | Ortovox Sportartikel GmbH | Detector and method for operating a detector |
| CN114486673A (en) * | 2022-01-04 | 2022-05-13 | 中交第四航务工程局有限公司 | In-situ pore pressure testing device and method for field vibration liquefaction test |
| CN114486673B (en) * | 2022-01-04 | 2023-01-17 | 中交第四航务工程局有限公司 | In-situ pore pressure testing device and method for field vibration liquefaction test |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEC | Expiry (correction) | ||
| MKEX | Expiry |