CA1192901A - Air - to - air heat exchanger - Google Patents
Air - to - air heat exchangerInfo
- Publication number
- CA1192901A CA1192901A CA000467228A CA467228A CA1192901A CA 1192901 A CA1192901 A CA 1192901A CA 000467228 A CA000467228 A CA 000467228A CA 467228 A CA467228 A CA 467228A CA 1192901 A CA1192901 A CA 1192901A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- air
- heat exchanger
- outer tube
- tube
- inner tube
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F12/00—Use of energy recovery systems in air conditioning, ventilation or screening
- F24F12/001—Use of energy recovery systems in air conditioning, ventilation or screening with heat-exchange between supplied and exhausted air
- F24F12/006—Use of energy recovery systems in air conditioning, ventilation or screening with heat-exchange between supplied and exhausted air using an air-to-air heat exchanger
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
- F28D21/0001—Recuperative heat exchangers
- F28D21/0014—Recuperative heat exchangers the heat being recuperated from waste air or from vapors
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
- F28D7/08—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being otherwise bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
- F28D7/08—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being otherwise bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag
- F28D7/082—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being otherwise bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag with serpentine or zig-zag configuration
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
- F28F21/06—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of plastics material
- F28F21/062—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of plastics material the heat-exchange apparatus employing tubular conduits
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/56—Heat recovery units
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
Abstract
Abstract This invention permits the transfer of heat from the exhaust air of a building to incoming fresh air by directing counter flowing air currents on either side of a membrane. Movement of air is controlled by remotely mounted fans and dampers.
The basic principle of the exchange of heat from the air on one side of a membrane to the air on the other side is common to many air-to-air heat exchangers and it is accomplished by directing the flow of air over a large area of membrane.
The basic principle of the exchange of heat from the air on one side of a membrane to the air on the other side is common to many air-to-air heat exchangers and it is accomplished by directing the flow of air over a large area of membrane.
Description
SP~CIFIC~TIONS
This invention permits -the trans~er of heat ~rom the exhaust air oE
a building to in~oming fresh air by directing colmter flowing air curren-ts on either side o~ a membrane. ~ovement oR air ls controlled by remotely mo~lted fans and dampers.
The basic principle o~ -the e~chan~e o~ hea-t ~rom the air on one side o~ a membrane to -the air on the other side is common to many air--to-air heat exchangers and it is accomplished by direc-ting -the ~low of air over a large area of membrane..This presents -two difficulties:
1. There is a large pressure drop within the exchanger as the air passageways are necessarily contorted and res-tricted.
This invention permits -the trans~er of heat ~rom the exhaust air oE
a building to in~oming fresh air by directing colmter flowing air curren-ts on either side o~ a membrane. ~ovement oR air ls controlled by remotely mo~lted fans and dampers.
The basic principle o~ -the e~chan~e o~ hea-t ~rom the air on one side o~ a membrane to -the air on the other side is common to many air--to-air heat exchangers and it is accomplished by direc-ting -the ~low of air over a large area of membrane..This presents -two difficulties:
1. There is a large pressure drop within the exchanger as the air passageways are necessarily contorted and res-tricted.
2. The relatively slow Illovement o~ air at critical points within the exchanger creates a tendency ~or freezing and ice build-up on the exhaust side in cold weather.
This invention ~;nimi7es -these di~iculties:
1. ~ressure drop is m;n;mi7ed as the opening in the membrane is the same shape and dimensions as the supply and delivery pipes.
Pressure drop is caused only by the turbulence and the bends in the membrane.
2. The large passageway on the exhaus-t side o~ the exchanger eliminates ice buildupo The form o~ the invention is illustrated in drawings:
1. Front view, access panel in place 2. Section i'A - A", a vertical cross section showing the interior of the invention viewed ~rom the ~rontO
This invention ~;nimi7es -these di~iculties:
1. ~ressure drop is m;n;mi7ed as the opening in the membrane is the same shape and dimensions as the supply and delivery pipes.
Pressure drop is caused only by the turbulence and the bends in the membrane.
2. The large passageway on the exhaus-t side o~ the exchanger eliminates ice buildupo The form o~ the invention is illustrated in drawings:
1. Front view, access panel in place 2. Section i'A - A", a vertical cross section showing the interior of the invention viewed ~rom the ~rontO
3. Section "B - B", a vertical cross section showing the interior o~ the invention viewed from the left side.
The invention is essentially a tube-within-a-tube heat exchanger.
me exterior tube is shown in square hori~ontal section and is made of plywood. Any other shape and material which would provide a well sealed enclosure and is capable o~ supporting ba~les can be used.
The interior tube must be corrugated or luted parallel to the diameter o~ the tube. The tube must be continuous and ~lexible, it can be made of either metal or plastic. Metal has better heat transfer characteristics and is dimensionally more stable. The de~th o~ the corrugations will have an ef~ect on total surface area available ~or heat trans4er and on the turbulence within the exchanger; it will thus have an e~fect on -the e~iciency o~ the exchanger.
~9~
The optimum cross section area of the inner tube in relatlon -to the cross ~ection area o~ -the ou-ter tube is one to five ( 1:5). Note.
The cross section area of the outer tube is taken as -the ~ree flow area past the ba~fle minus the cross sec-tion area of the inner tube.
The length o~ the inner tube should be 2.5 times the length o~ the outer tube~ The optimum length of -the outer tube is loOOmm. The test model use~ an outer tube with hori%on-tal dimensions of 300m~ X 300mm and an inner tube with a diamter o~ lOOmm. With a balanced volume o~ air flowing through both tubes and an inpu-t temperature di~ferential of 54C., 75~ of the heat from the exhaust air is transEerred to the incoming air. ~arger or smaller models can be made but this would require an adjustment of the relative dimensions o~ the inner and outer tubes to rnaintain the same e~iciency. More than one inner tube can be used.
To -take advantage o~ the natural movement o~ warm and cold air the exchanger is most effe~tive when installed vertically. With some simple modifications the exchanger could be installed horizontally.
A drain is provided to remove condensed moisture.
The invention is essentially a tube-within-a-tube heat exchanger.
me exterior tube is shown in square hori~ontal section and is made of plywood. Any other shape and material which would provide a well sealed enclosure and is capable o~ supporting ba~les can be used.
The interior tube must be corrugated or luted parallel to the diameter o~ the tube. The tube must be continuous and ~lexible, it can be made of either metal or plastic. Metal has better heat transfer characteristics and is dimensionally more stable. The de~th o~ the corrugations will have an ef~ect on total surface area available ~or heat trans4er and on the turbulence within the exchanger; it will thus have an e~fect on -the e~iciency o~ the exchanger.
~9~
The optimum cross section area of the inner tube in relatlon -to the cross ~ection area o~ -the ou-ter tube is one to five ( 1:5). Note.
The cross section area of the outer tube is taken as -the ~ree flow area past the ba~fle minus the cross sec-tion area of the inner tube.
The length o~ the inner tube should be 2.5 times the length o~ the outer tube~ The optimum length of -the outer tube is loOOmm. The test model use~ an outer tube with hori%on-tal dimensions of 300m~ X 300mm and an inner tube with a diamter o~ lOOmm. With a balanced volume o~ air flowing through both tubes and an inpu-t temperature di~ferential of 54C., 75~ of the heat from the exhaust air is transEerred to the incoming air. ~arger or smaller models can be made but this would require an adjustment of the relative dimensions o~ the inner and outer tubes to rnaintain the same e~iciency. More than one inner tube can be used.
To -take advantage o~ the natural movement o~ warm and cold air the exchanger is most effe~tive when installed vertically. With some simple modifications the exchanger could be installed horizontally.
A drain is provided to remove condensed moisture.
Claims (7)
1. An air-to-air heat exchanger for fresh air and exhaust air to reclaim heat in the exhaust air as it is being exhausted from the space comprising: an outer tube, baffles extending alternatingly par-t way across the interior of the outer tube from opposite sides thereof to form a zig-zag course therethrough, a continuous, flexible corrugated inner tube located in the outer tube following the zig-zag course, inlets and outlets for each of the inner and outer tubes connected to the fresh and exhaust air flows respectively so as to effect a counter-current flow through the heat exchanger.
2. The heat exchanger of claim 1 wherein the inner tube is formed of metal or plastic material.
3. The heat exchanger of claim 1 wherein the outer tube is of square cross-section and is made of plywood or other rigid material.
4. The heat exchanger of claim 1, 2 or 3 wherein the cross-sectional area of the inner tube in relation to the cross-sectional area of the outer tube at a baffle is one to five.
5. The heat exchanger of claim 1, 2 or 3 wherein the length of the inner tube is 2.5 times the length of the outer tube and the optimum length of the outer tube is 1800mm.
6. The heat exchanger of claim 1, 2 or 3 wherein the outer tube has a square cross-section of 300mm X 300mm and the inner tube a diameter of 100mm.
7. The heat exchanger of claim 1, 2 or 3 whrein there are a plurality of inner tubes.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000467228A CA1192901A (en) | 1984-11-07 | 1984-11-07 | Air - to - air heat exchanger |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000467228A CA1192901A (en) | 1984-11-07 | 1984-11-07 | Air - to - air heat exchanger |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1192901A true CA1192901A (en) | 1985-09-03 |
Family
ID=4129096
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000467228A Expired CA1192901A (en) | 1984-11-07 | 1984-11-07 | Air - to - air heat exchanger |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1192901A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4872503A (en) * | 1986-03-13 | 1989-10-10 | Marriner Raymond E | Air heat exchanger |
| US4993484A (en) * | 1989-01-17 | 1991-02-19 | Kirkwood Community College Facilities Foundation | Air to air heat exchanger |
| WO2015147728A1 (en) * | 2014-03-27 | 2015-10-01 | Skorstensbolaget I Stockholm Ab | Tubular counter-current air heat exchanger |
-
1984
- 1984-11-07 CA CA000467228A patent/CA1192901A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4872503A (en) * | 1986-03-13 | 1989-10-10 | Marriner Raymond E | Air heat exchanger |
| US4993484A (en) * | 1989-01-17 | 1991-02-19 | Kirkwood Community College Facilities Foundation | Air to air heat exchanger |
| WO2015147728A1 (en) * | 2014-03-27 | 2015-10-01 | Skorstensbolaget I Stockholm Ab | Tubular counter-current air heat exchanger |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEC | Expiry (correction) | ||
| MKEX | Expiry |