CA1192004A - Method of softening fabrics - Google Patents
Method of softening fabricsInfo
- Publication number
- CA1192004A CA1192004A CA000420879A CA420879A CA1192004A CA 1192004 A CA1192004 A CA 1192004A CA 000420879 A CA000420879 A CA 000420879A CA 420879 A CA420879 A CA 420879A CA 1192004 A CA1192004 A CA 1192004A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- lanolin
- liquor
- fabric
- cationic
- fabric softening
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/0005—Other compounding ingredients characterised by their effect
- C11D3/001—Softening compositions
- C11D3/0015—Softening compositions liquid
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/38—Cationic compounds
- C11D1/62—Quaternary ammonium compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C11D3/2093—Esters; Carbonates
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
- Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
- Prostheses (AREA)
- Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
- Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT:
A method of treating fabrics comprises contacting the fabrics with an aqueous liquor having a pH less than about 7.5, such as between about 5.0 and about 7.0, the liquor containing a cationic fabric softener and lanolin. The liquor is formed by adding to water a composition containing the cationic fabric softener and the lanolin, the concentration of these components in the liquor preferably being from 50 ppm to 500 ppm. The lanolin may be replaced by a lanolin-like material such as derivatives thereof or one or more of the active constituents of lanolin either extracted therefrom or derived from other sources. Preferred ratios of cationic softener to lanolin are 20:1 to 1:20 by weight. A liquor to fabric ratio of less than 25:1 is preferred. The method generally leads to a deposition of cationic softener and lanolin of less than 0.5% by weight of the fabric.
A method of treating fabrics comprises contacting the fabrics with an aqueous liquor having a pH less than about 7.5, such as between about 5.0 and about 7.0, the liquor containing a cationic fabric softener and lanolin. The liquor is formed by adding to water a composition containing the cationic fabric softener and the lanolin, the concentration of these components in the liquor preferably being from 50 ppm to 500 ppm. The lanolin may be replaced by a lanolin-like material such as derivatives thereof or one or more of the active constituents of lanolin either extracted therefrom or derived from other sources. Preferred ratios of cationic softener to lanolin are 20:1 to 1:20 by weight. A liquor to fabric ratio of less than 25:1 is preferred. The method generally leads to a deposition of cationic softener and lanolin of less than 0.5% by weight of the fabric.
Description
METHOD OF SOFTENI~G FABRICS
_ .
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
. _ The present invention relates to a fabric softening composition and a method for its use. In particular, but 5 not exclusively, it relates to an aqueous based concentrated fabric softening composition. --BACXGROUND ART
.
It iæ known to treat fabrics, particularly after washing, with fabric æoftening agents in order to improve the feel of the fabrics and, in the case of clothes, to improve the comfort in wear. Traditionally, fabxic softening agents are applied from an aqueous liquor which 15 is made up by adding a relatively small volume of a fabric ~oftening composition to a large volume of water, for
_ .
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
. _ The present invention relates to a fabric softening composition and a method for its use. In particular, but 5 not exclusively, it relates to an aqueous based concentrated fabric softening composition. --BACXGROUND ART
.
It iæ known to treat fabrics, particularly after washing, with fabric æoftening agents in order to improve the feel of the fabrics and, in the case of clothes, to improve the comfort in wear. Traditionally, fabxic softening agents are applied from an aqueous liquor which 15 is made up by adding a relatively small volume of a fabric ~oftening composition to a large volume of water, for
2~
example during the rinse cycle in an automatic washing machine. The fabric softening composition is usually an aqueous liquid product containing less than about 8% of a cationic f~.is softening agent~ For a number of reasons, including for e~ample the cost of packaging, it would be preferred if the product were to contain more than 8% of the acti~e ingredient but due to difficulties in manufacture, storage and ease of use of the products, it has only been possible to do this in the past with some difficulty.
Further, there may be a desire to partially replace the cationic fabric softening agent with a material which is less costly, easier to handle or l~ss prone to causing skin reactivl- while at the same time maintaining or substantially maintaining the performance of the product.
As set out in more aetail below, the present invention seeks to overcome one or more of the objectives referred to abo~e by the combined use of a cationic fabric softening agent and lanolin or a lanolin-like materialO
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
According to the invention, there is provided a method of treating fabrics comprising contactins the fabrics with an aqueous liquor having a pH less than 7.5 and containing a cationic fabric softening agent, characterised in that said liquor also contains lanolin or 30 a lanolin-like material and is formed by adding to water a liquid or granular fabric softening composition comprising a cationic fabric softening agent and lanolin or a lanolin~like material.
The fabric softening composition used to form the aqueous liquor may be in the form of a granular solid, a ~L~..9Z~
pa~te~ a dilute liquid (containing less than about 8% by weight to~al cationic fabric softening agent and lanolin or lanolin-like material) or a concentrated liquid (eontaining more than a total of about 8% of these material~). The 5 preferred form of the composition is an aqueous based liquid, particularly a concentrated liquid.
An essential component of the present invention is lanolin or a lanolin-like material. Lanolin is wool wax 10 which has been purified by various purification steps including washing, neutralisation, filtration, bleaching and deodorisation. Lanolin is composed primarily of esters which constitute the active constituents in the present invention and which yield on hydrolysis a mixture of 15 complex alcohols and fatty acids. The alcohols which form about half of the ester component by weight, include sterols and terpene alcohols. The sterols amount to about ~0% and include cholesterol, 7-dehydrocholesterol and cerebosterol and dihydrocholesterol (cholestanol~. The 20 terpene alcohols include lanesterol ~C3~H500), dihydrolanesterol (C30H520), agnosterol ~C30H480), dihydroagnosterol (C30H50O).
Lanolin is available commercially in a number of 25 form~. Lanolin as such contains the active constituents primarily in their ester form. It îs also available in two hydrolysed forms where the active constituents are primarily in their alcoholic or carboxylic acid form.
Further, lanolin may be hydrogenated to form ~ product 30 where the active constituents are present primarily only in their alcoholic form. Lanolin is also commercially available in propoxylated and acetylated forms. As used herein the term "lanolin" is intended to refer to any such material derived from wool wax whether the active 35 constituents are in the alcoholic, ester, alkoxylated, hydrogenated or other chemical form.
~L~3L3~
Suitable commercial forms of lanolin include Corona 51anolin BP), Hartolan, Polychol (Trade Marks o Croda Chemicals Ltd), Solulan, Acetulan and Modulan (Trade Marks of American ~lolesterol Products Inc) and Lanocerina (Trade 5 Mark - Esperis SpA Milan), Coronet (Trade Mark - Croda Chemicals Limited). Commercial lanolin is also available ~rom WestbrooX Lanolin Co., Bradford, England.
Many of the active constituents of lanolin can be 10 prepared synthetically, from sources other than wool wax, or can be extracted from wool wax and other naturally occurring materials. While for cost reasons the commercially available forms of lanolin are preferred foe the prese..t inve..'ion, it is also possible to use any one 15 or more of the active constituents referred to above however derived, and also materials of similar structure.
Thus, in place of lanolin one may use a "lanolin-like material" which term as used herein includes 20 (a) any one or more of the active lanolin constituents referred to above, and the carboxylic acid or alcohol derivatives thereof;
(b) the corresponding carboxylic acids or alcohols and ester derivatives of the materials listed in (a) in particular the esters thereof with fatty acids or alcohols containing at least 12 carbon atoms.
(c) iso- and anteiso alcohols and acids and derivatives thereof having the general formula \
CH~Rl--X
where Rl is a divalent straight or branched chain, saturated or unsaturated, substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbyl group having at least 7 preferably at least 15 carbon atoms, R2 is a methyl or ethyl ~xoup and X is ~OH, -COOH, ~O- C~-R3 or ~COOR where R is a hydrocarbyl group, in particular a fatty acid alkyl group containing at least 12 carbon atoms. Examples of materials in this group include 16-methylheptadecanol, 24-methyl hexacosanol, 8-methylnonanoic acid, and 2-hydroxy-16-methylheptadecanoic acid.
The level cf lanolin or lanolin-like material in the 15aqueous fabric ~oftening compositions is preferably from about 0.25% to about ~0% by weight, such as between about l.5% and about ~0~ b~ weight of the compo~ition.
Any well-kno~n cationic fabric softening agent can be 20 used in the present invention, a~ well as mixtures of two or more of such agents.
Suitable examples of cationic fabric~softening agents are quaternary ammonium compounds containing two long alkyl 25or alkenyl chains with 12-22 carbon atoms such as di(hardened or unhardened tallow) dimethyl ammonium-chloride, 2-heptadecyl-2methylstearoyl amido ethyl imidazoline methosulphate, di-(coco)dimethyl ammonium chloride, etc. These cationic fabric-softening agents are 30well-kno~n in the art and further suitable examples can be found in Schwartz-Perry: "Surface-active Agents and Detergents" Vol II, 1958.
Relatively water-soluble cationic softening agents, 35such as the monoalkyl quaternary ammonium compounds such as stearyltrimethyla~noniumchloride, may also be used, but, as they are often less effective softeners, they are preferably used in conjunction with other, more effective cationic softening agents or with non-cationic softening agents such as fatty acid esters of polyols such as sorbitantristearate, glycerolmonostearate, and so on, or with anionic detergents with which they are capable of forming softening complexes, such as fatty acid soaps.
They may also be made more hydrophobic by treatment with suitable hydrophobising agents such as long chain alcohols and fatty acids. The present invention is however of particular benefit if the more effective, less water-soluble cationic softening agents having two long alkyl chains are used.
The level of cationic fabric softening agent in the aqueous fabric softening compositions is preferably from 0.5% to 30~ by weight, such as between l.0~ and 15% by weight of the composition.
The ratio by weight of the cationic fabric softening agent to the lanolin or lanolin-like material may lie between 0.05:1 and 20:1, more preferably between O.l:l and lO:l, especially between l:l and 4:1.
In use, the fabric softening composition of the invention is added to a large volume of water to form a liquor with which the fabrics to be treated are contacted.
Generally, the total concentration of the cationic fabric 3G softening agent and the lanolin or lanolin-like materials in this liquor will be between 50 ppm and 500 ppm.
The pH of th~ liquor should be less than 7.5, and is preferably between 5.0 and 7O0.
The pH of the aqueous composition used for forming the liquor may be varied within a somewhat wider range, for example between 3 and 8, preferably from 4 to 6. To achieve the desired pH in the composition and in the treatment liquor, the composition may contain buffering agents as required, such as benzoic acid, citric acid and phosphoric acids and/or their alkali metal ~alts.
Xn use, the fabrics to be treated are contacted with an aqueous liquor to which the fabric softening composition qO is added, the ratio by weight of the fabrics to the liquor being preferably less than 25:1, most preferably be~-ween 10:1 and 4:1.
The aqueous liquor in contact with the fabrics may be at any convenient temperature5 Successful results can be obtained when the liquor has a temperature between about O~C and about 60C, preferably between about 10C and about ~OC.
The liquor and fabrics in contact therewith are preferably agitated during treatment.
The amount of cationic softening agent and lanolin or lanolin-like material deposited on the fabric depends on, inter alia, the concentration of these components in the treatment liquor, the treatment tempexature, the degree of agitation, the treatment time and the nature of the fabric. Generally, a level of less than 0.5~, such as between 0.01% and 0.4% by weight in total of these components will be deposited, based on the weight of the dry abric.
The balance of the composition generally comprises the aqueous medium, optionally with the o~her ingredients as set out below. The aqueous medium comprises at least 25%, preferably at least 30%, and especially at least 40%
32~
of the composition.
The compositions of the inven~ion may further comprise a~c~i'ional beneficial ingredientæ, commonly used 5 or proposed for inclusion in fabric-softening compositions.
Such ingredients, either alone or incorporated in su table carriers, include viscosity modifiers, germicides, fluorescers, perfumes including deodorising perfumes, organic or incrganic acids, antistatic agents such as 10 water-soluble cationic suErfactants, ethoxylated quaternary polyamine compounds (eg ~ T 13) and aluminium salt~, soil-release agents, colourants, antioxidants, bleaches~ bleach precursors, anti-yellowing agents, ironing aids etc, all in the conventional minor amounts. En~ymes 15 such as cell-1~ses may also be included.
The compositions may also contain, in additlGn to the cationic fabric-softening agents, other non-cationic fabric-softening agents such as nonionic fabric~aoftening 20 agentsO
In particular, when in liquid form, the compositions may include viscosity modifiers such as polymers as described below, Cl2-C40 hydrocarbons, Cg-C~ fatty 25 acids, fatty acid esters having a total of lO-40 carbon atoms, ClO-Cl8 fatty alcohols, electrolytes, and water-miscible solvents.
I~e polymer when included in the composition of the 30 invention may be present therein in an amount of from 0.5 to 40%, preferably from l to 30%, and particularly preferably 4-25~. The polymer, suitable for inclusion, is deined in the following way:
The polymer should be water-~oluble under user's conditions, and a 20% aqueous solution of the polymer deno f~; ff~ fnork should have a viscosity (7 ) of < 50, preferably < 30 and e6pe~ially preferably ~ 15 cP, as measured at 25C and 110 sec 1 in a Haake Viscometer. Said 20~ aqueous solution should also ~how a vapour pressure equal to or lower than the vapour pressure of a 2% aqueous solution of poly-ethyl2neglycol with a molecular weight of 6,000, preferably equal ~o or lo~er than that of a 10~ aqueous solution of said polyethyleneglycol, and particulary preferably equal to or lo~er than that of an 1~% aqueous solution of said polyet}lyleneglycol. The said aqueous polymer solution can be o-F water and polymer only, or can include solvent-containing media normally derived fro~ the raw materials or additives, or include additives specifically designed to improve ~he vapour pressure lowering capacity of the pol~ner, or, ln the case of ionic polymers, include adjustments to pH in order to optimise ionisation. Such ~apour pressure measurements can be obtained using an He~3e~ Packard vapour pressure osmometer, using an operating temperature of 34.5~C or using any other suitable vapour measuring device.
The polymer should furthermore have a molecular weight o~ at least 400, preerably at least 4,000 and particularly preferably at least 6,000.
~5 It is desirable, furthermore, that the polymer does no-~ nesatively interact with any of the other ingredients o~ the composition.
example during the rinse cycle in an automatic washing machine. The fabric softening composition is usually an aqueous liquid product containing less than about 8% of a cationic f~.is softening agent~ For a number of reasons, including for e~ample the cost of packaging, it would be preferred if the product were to contain more than 8% of the acti~e ingredient but due to difficulties in manufacture, storage and ease of use of the products, it has only been possible to do this in the past with some difficulty.
Further, there may be a desire to partially replace the cationic fabric softening agent with a material which is less costly, easier to handle or l~ss prone to causing skin reactivl- while at the same time maintaining or substantially maintaining the performance of the product.
As set out in more aetail below, the present invention seeks to overcome one or more of the objectives referred to abo~e by the combined use of a cationic fabric softening agent and lanolin or a lanolin-like materialO
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
According to the invention, there is provided a method of treating fabrics comprising contactins the fabrics with an aqueous liquor having a pH less than 7.5 and containing a cationic fabric softening agent, characterised in that said liquor also contains lanolin or 30 a lanolin-like material and is formed by adding to water a liquid or granular fabric softening composition comprising a cationic fabric softening agent and lanolin or a lanolin~like material.
The fabric softening composition used to form the aqueous liquor may be in the form of a granular solid, a ~L~..9Z~
pa~te~ a dilute liquid (containing less than about 8% by weight to~al cationic fabric softening agent and lanolin or lanolin-like material) or a concentrated liquid (eontaining more than a total of about 8% of these material~). The 5 preferred form of the composition is an aqueous based liquid, particularly a concentrated liquid.
An essential component of the present invention is lanolin or a lanolin-like material. Lanolin is wool wax 10 which has been purified by various purification steps including washing, neutralisation, filtration, bleaching and deodorisation. Lanolin is composed primarily of esters which constitute the active constituents in the present invention and which yield on hydrolysis a mixture of 15 complex alcohols and fatty acids. The alcohols which form about half of the ester component by weight, include sterols and terpene alcohols. The sterols amount to about ~0% and include cholesterol, 7-dehydrocholesterol and cerebosterol and dihydrocholesterol (cholestanol~. The 20 terpene alcohols include lanesterol ~C3~H500), dihydrolanesterol (C30H520), agnosterol ~C30H480), dihydroagnosterol (C30H50O).
Lanolin is available commercially in a number of 25 form~. Lanolin as such contains the active constituents primarily in their ester form. It îs also available in two hydrolysed forms where the active constituents are primarily in their alcoholic or carboxylic acid form.
Further, lanolin may be hydrogenated to form ~ product 30 where the active constituents are present primarily only in their alcoholic form. Lanolin is also commercially available in propoxylated and acetylated forms. As used herein the term "lanolin" is intended to refer to any such material derived from wool wax whether the active 35 constituents are in the alcoholic, ester, alkoxylated, hydrogenated or other chemical form.
~L~3L3~
Suitable commercial forms of lanolin include Corona 51anolin BP), Hartolan, Polychol (Trade Marks o Croda Chemicals Ltd), Solulan, Acetulan and Modulan (Trade Marks of American ~lolesterol Products Inc) and Lanocerina (Trade 5 Mark - Esperis SpA Milan), Coronet (Trade Mark - Croda Chemicals Limited). Commercial lanolin is also available ~rom WestbrooX Lanolin Co., Bradford, England.
Many of the active constituents of lanolin can be 10 prepared synthetically, from sources other than wool wax, or can be extracted from wool wax and other naturally occurring materials. While for cost reasons the commercially available forms of lanolin are preferred foe the prese..t inve..'ion, it is also possible to use any one 15 or more of the active constituents referred to above however derived, and also materials of similar structure.
Thus, in place of lanolin one may use a "lanolin-like material" which term as used herein includes 20 (a) any one or more of the active lanolin constituents referred to above, and the carboxylic acid or alcohol derivatives thereof;
(b) the corresponding carboxylic acids or alcohols and ester derivatives of the materials listed in (a) in particular the esters thereof with fatty acids or alcohols containing at least 12 carbon atoms.
(c) iso- and anteiso alcohols and acids and derivatives thereof having the general formula \
CH~Rl--X
where Rl is a divalent straight or branched chain, saturated or unsaturated, substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbyl group having at least 7 preferably at least 15 carbon atoms, R2 is a methyl or ethyl ~xoup and X is ~OH, -COOH, ~O- C~-R3 or ~COOR where R is a hydrocarbyl group, in particular a fatty acid alkyl group containing at least 12 carbon atoms. Examples of materials in this group include 16-methylheptadecanol, 24-methyl hexacosanol, 8-methylnonanoic acid, and 2-hydroxy-16-methylheptadecanoic acid.
The level cf lanolin or lanolin-like material in the 15aqueous fabric ~oftening compositions is preferably from about 0.25% to about ~0% by weight, such as between about l.5% and about ~0~ b~ weight of the compo~ition.
Any well-kno~n cationic fabric softening agent can be 20 used in the present invention, a~ well as mixtures of two or more of such agents.
Suitable examples of cationic fabric~softening agents are quaternary ammonium compounds containing two long alkyl 25or alkenyl chains with 12-22 carbon atoms such as di(hardened or unhardened tallow) dimethyl ammonium-chloride, 2-heptadecyl-2methylstearoyl amido ethyl imidazoline methosulphate, di-(coco)dimethyl ammonium chloride, etc. These cationic fabric-softening agents are 30well-kno~n in the art and further suitable examples can be found in Schwartz-Perry: "Surface-active Agents and Detergents" Vol II, 1958.
Relatively water-soluble cationic softening agents, 35such as the monoalkyl quaternary ammonium compounds such as stearyltrimethyla~noniumchloride, may also be used, but, as they are often less effective softeners, they are preferably used in conjunction with other, more effective cationic softening agents or with non-cationic softening agents such as fatty acid esters of polyols such as sorbitantristearate, glycerolmonostearate, and so on, or with anionic detergents with which they are capable of forming softening complexes, such as fatty acid soaps.
They may also be made more hydrophobic by treatment with suitable hydrophobising agents such as long chain alcohols and fatty acids. The present invention is however of particular benefit if the more effective, less water-soluble cationic softening agents having two long alkyl chains are used.
The level of cationic fabric softening agent in the aqueous fabric softening compositions is preferably from 0.5% to 30~ by weight, such as between l.0~ and 15% by weight of the composition.
The ratio by weight of the cationic fabric softening agent to the lanolin or lanolin-like material may lie between 0.05:1 and 20:1, more preferably between O.l:l and lO:l, especially between l:l and 4:1.
In use, the fabric softening composition of the invention is added to a large volume of water to form a liquor with which the fabrics to be treated are contacted.
Generally, the total concentration of the cationic fabric 3G softening agent and the lanolin or lanolin-like materials in this liquor will be between 50 ppm and 500 ppm.
The pH of th~ liquor should be less than 7.5, and is preferably between 5.0 and 7O0.
The pH of the aqueous composition used for forming the liquor may be varied within a somewhat wider range, for example between 3 and 8, preferably from 4 to 6. To achieve the desired pH in the composition and in the treatment liquor, the composition may contain buffering agents as required, such as benzoic acid, citric acid and phosphoric acids and/or their alkali metal ~alts.
Xn use, the fabrics to be treated are contacted with an aqueous liquor to which the fabric softening composition qO is added, the ratio by weight of the fabrics to the liquor being preferably less than 25:1, most preferably be~-ween 10:1 and 4:1.
The aqueous liquor in contact with the fabrics may be at any convenient temperature5 Successful results can be obtained when the liquor has a temperature between about O~C and about 60C, preferably between about 10C and about ~OC.
The liquor and fabrics in contact therewith are preferably agitated during treatment.
The amount of cationic softening agent and lanolin or lanolin-like material deposited on the fabric depends on, inter alia, the concentration of these components in the treatment liquor, the treatment tempexature, the degree of agitation, the treatment time and the nature of the fabric. Generally, a level of less than 0.5~, such as between 0.01% and 0.4% by weight in total of these components will be deposited, based on the weight of the dry abric.
The balance of the composition generally comprises the aqueous medium, optionally with the o~her ingredients as set out below. The aqueous medium comprises at least 25%, preferably at least 30%, and especially at least 40%
32~
of the composition.
The compositions of the inven~ion may further comprise a~c~i'ional beneficial ingredientæ, commonly used 5 or proposed for inclusion in fabric-softening compositions.
Such ingredients, either alone or incorporated in su table carriers, include viscosity modifiers, germicides, fluorescers, perfumes including deodorising perfumes, organic or incrganic acids, antistatic agents such as 10 water-soluble cationic suErfactants, ethoxylated quaternary polyamine compounds (eg ~ T 13) and aluminium salt~, soil-release agents, colourants, antioxidants, bleaches~ bleach precursors, anti-yellowing agents, ironing aids etc, all in the conventional minor amounts. En~ymes 15 such as cell-1~ses may also be included.
The compositions may also contain, in additlGn to the cationic fabric-softening agents, other non-cationic fabric-softening agents such as nonionic fabric~aoftening 20 agentsO
In particular, when in liquid form, the compositions may include viscosity modifiers such as polymers as described below, Cl2-C40 hydrocarbons, Cg-C~ fatty 25 acids, fatty acid esters having a total of lO-40 carbon atoms, ClO-Cl8 fatty alcohols, electrolytes, and water-miscible solvents.
I~e polymer when included in the composition of the 30 invention may be present therein in an amount of from 0.5 to 40%, preferably from l to 30%, and particularly preferably 4-25~. The polymer, suitable for inclusion, is deined in the following way:
The polymer should be water-~oluble under user's conditions, and a 20% aqueous solution of the polymer deno f~; ff~ fnork should have a viscosity (7 ) of < 50, preferably < 30 and e6pe~ially preferably ~ 15 cP, as measured at 25C and 110 sec 1 in a Haake Viscometer. Said 20~ aqueous solution should also ~how a vapour pressure equal to or lower than the vapour pressure of a 2% aqueous solution of poly-ethyl2neglycol with a molecular weight of 6,000, preferably equal ~o or lo~er than that of a 10~ aqueous solution of said polyethyleneglycol, and particulary preferably equal to or lo~er than that of an 1~% aqueous solution of said polyet}lyleneglycol. The said aqueous polymer solution can be o-F water and polymer only, or can include solvent-containing media normally derived fro~ the raw materials or additives, or include additives specifically designed to improve ~he vapour pressure lowering capacity of the pol~ner, or, ln the case of ionic polymers, include adjustments to pH in order to optimise ionisation. Such ~apour pressure measurements can be obtained using an He~3e~ Packard vapour pressure osmometer, using an operating temperature of 34.5~C or using any other suitable vapour measuring device.
The polymer should furthermore have a molecular weight o~ at least 400, preerably at least 4,000 and particularly preferably at least 6,000.
~5 It is desirable, furthermore, that the polymer does no-~ nesatively interact with any of the other ingredients o~ the composition.
3~ Suitable examples o~ the polymer can be thus obtained ~rom ~he polyalky:leneylycols, the polyalkylene imines, clex~ran, gelatin and other natural or synthetic (co3polymers, as long as they meet the above criteria.
Mixtures of two or more polymers of the same type or o~ di~erent type may also be used.
A preferred class of polymers comprises polyethylene-ylyc~ls with an average molecular weigh of 1,000 to 6, OOOJ
These polymers, and especially those with an average mol2cular weight of 4,000 or 6,000, are particularly 5 ~uitable for compositions of the invention with a high :Level o~ relatively water-insoluble cationic fabric-softening agent.
Other typical examples of suitable polymers are 10 dex~ran with a molecular weight of 10,000 and polyethylene imine with a molecular weight of 45-750.
~ en the com~osition contains a C12-C40 hydro-carbon as d -viscosity control agent, this is advantageously 15 at a leve] of from 0.25% to 50% by weight, preferably from Ou5~ ~o 25~. Preferred materials have from 12 to 24 carbon atoms and especially preferred are liquid mi~ctures o parafflns having from 14 to 18 carbon atoms.
Normally, suitable hydrocarbons are found in the paraffin and olefin series, but other materials, such as a~kynes and cyclic hydrocarbons are not e~ccluded.
Ma-terials kno~n generally as paraffin oil, and petroleum are sui~able. Examples oE specific materials are 25 he.~aclecane, octadecane, eicosane tetradecane and oc~adecane. Preferred commercially-available paraffin miYctures include spinclle oil and light oil and technical gracle mixtures of Cl~-C18 n-paraffin9- Haloparaffins such as myristyl chloride and stearyl bromide are not 30 accluded.
~ en the composition contains a Cg-C24 fatty acid, this i9 advantageously at a level of from ~.5 ~o 15%.
Highly preferred materials of this class are the ClO~C?~ saturated fatty acids, especially lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid and stearic acid.
When ~he composition contains a fatty acid ester havins a total of 10 to 40 carbon atoms this is at a preferred level of from 0.25 to 15% by weight, advantageously 0.5 to 4~. The ester is preferably empirically derived from a fatty acid having 8 to 23 carbon a-~oms and an alkanol or hydroxy alkanol having 1-8, especlally 1-4 carbon a~oms~ Specific examples include es-~ers derived from Cl-C3 alcohols and lauric, myristic, palmitic or stearic acid, ~uch as methyl l~urate, ethyl myristate, iso-propyl stearate, ethylene glycol monos~earate, ethyl stearate, methyl palmitate and other es~ers such as iso-butyl stearate, 2-ethylhexyllaurate, iso-octyl myristate .
~ hen the composition contains a fatty alcohol having from 10 to 18 carbon atoms, this is preferably at a level of f~om 00~5 to 15% by weight.
SpeciEic e~amples of this class are decanol, dodecanol, tetradPcanol, pentadecanol, hexadecanol and octadecanol. The most preferred materials are lauryl and palrnityl alcohols.
7~en ~he compositions contains as viscosity control a~en~ a solvent, this may be a lower alkanol, a glycol~ a glycoleth2r and ~he like. The solvent may be present at a level o:E up to 20% by weight, such as from 5% to 15% by weigh~ en the cationic fabric-~oftening agent i~
supplied in the form of an aqueous-alcoholic solution, that alcoho:L content is included in the above amounts, and if necessary only a small amount of extra alcohol is to be adclecl. A suitable solvent is isopropanol.
The viscosity of the fabric softening composition may be controlled by the presence of an electrolyte.
Pre~erably the electrolyte is a water-soluble non-surface a~ive salt such as sodium chloride, sodium methosulphate, 5 sodium benzoate calcium chloride, magnesium chloride or all~inium chlorhydrate. The level of electrolyte will determine or be determined by the desired viscosity of the composition and the nature and concentration of other components in the composition. Typical levels are from 'l0 100 ~o 1000 parts per million, most preferably between ~00 and 500 parts per million.
The fabric softening compositions optionally contain one or more nonionic emulsifying agents, such as the pol~merised monoglycerides of long chain fatty acids having ~rom 14 to 24 carbon atoms in the straight or branched sa~urated or unsaturated carbon chain, such as poly-monolauryl glyceride, poly-monostearyl glyceride, poly-monopalmityl glyceride or poly-monooleyl glyceride.
Another suitable nonionic emulsifying agent is sorbitan monostqearateq These nonionic emulsifying agents are available comm~cially by the Trade Marks WITCON~L ~Witco Chemicals L~d) and ~PA~ (~tlas Chemical). The nonionic emulsifying ase~ may be present at a level from 0.5% to 9.5~ by weight 9 such as from 2.4~ to 6%.
In addition to the above-discussed components, ;~0 conlpositions according to the invention can also include a q~ater~soluble cationic or nonionic surfactant.
By wacer-soluble, it is meant that ~he surfactant has a solubility in water of pH 2.5 and 20~C of greater than 10 ~5 ~ ormally such materials are alkyl substituted ammonium salts having one C12-C24 alkyl chain, optionally sub~tituted or interrupted by functional groups such as ~0-, ~COO -, - CONH -, -O - etc. Suitable water soluble nonionic surfactants are the ethoxylated sorbitan e~ters available as TWEENS tAtlas ~hemical).
I~ is particularly beneficial to include a water-soluble cationic or nonionic emulsifying agent in ~he compo~i~ion if it contains as a viscosity modifier a hydrocarbon, fatty acid, fatty alcohol or fatty acid ester of the types referred to above. The level of the water-soluble surfactant is preferably 0.1% to l~.
Pr~ferably, the compositions contain substantially no anionic matzrial such as anionic surfactants~ However, some anionic material can be tolerated in practice. In pre~erred compositions the weight ratio of any anionic ma.e~ial ~o the cationic fabric softening agent is less than 0.4-1, most preferably less than 0O2:1.
The viscosity of the fabric softening compositions when in liquid form is preferably less than about 150 cP, most pr~ferably less than about 120 cP. This viscosity is measured at 25C and 110 sec l in a Haake Viscometer~
The compositions of the invention can normally be prepared by mixing ~he ingredients together in water, h2a~ing to a temperature o about 60C and agitating for 5-30 minut~s~
3 The invention will now be illustrated by the followiny non-limiting examples.
E~AMPLES 1 TO 6 ~5 Liquid fabric conditioning compositions were made up accordlng ~o the ormulations giv~n in the following Table 1, h~ mixing the ingredients together in water at about 60C and agitating.
Each ~o~.position was then addad to town water at the concentrations mentioned in the Table, and the pH was measured.
Each rinse liquor so obtained was capa~le of providing good fabric softeniny.
Table I also quotes the viscosity of each fabric softening composition measured in the Haake viscometer at llO sec l at 25~Co ~~
TABLE I
~X~MPLE 1 2 3 4 5 6 . . ~
_GREDIENTS (~)_ Cationic fabric softener Arosurf TA 100 ~
~1003 active~ 2.0 2.6 Varisof-~ 475'(75% active) 8.0 15.5 6.7 Dilsof~ tallow3 :Imida~oline methosulphate 18.75 Lanolin Pure lanol.in BP
~ex BD~I~ 8.0 4.0 9.59.0 6.25 22~4 Vlscosi-t~ Modi~yin~ Agent Sodium ehloride 0.015 0.32 n-Cl -Cl paraffin oil ~e~ ~P~ 12.0 20 Pol~ethylene glycol ~i~W 4K3 10.0 I~opropanol 405 Propylene glycol 1.0 25 Water 601uble emulsi~ier Arquacl 18'(50~ active~ 0.5 Demineralised water ~ --balance to 100---------___. ____ p~ a~ l.00 ppm 6.42 6.67 6.72 7.05 7.22 6.62 pEI at ~50 ppm 6.27 6.37 6.45 6.95 6.67 6.47 ~isco.it~ ~P 24 ~ 125 183 71 181 Similar results can be obtained by replacing the lanolin used in ~hese Examples with Coronet grade lanolin .~,,.
~,~e,~ f~ 5 (e~ Croda ~1emicals) or Lanolin P95 (ex Westbrook Lanolin Compan~).
Sirnilar results can also be obtained by using as the ca~ionic fabric softener Arquad 2T of Arquad 2HI (ex Armak Company~. Still further similar results can be obtained by replaciny the sodium chloride with calcium chloride, magnesium chloride or aluminium chlorhydrate.
Three fabric softening compositions were prepared according to ~he following Table.
15 EXAMPLE: A B C
____ INGREDIENT (~
Arquad 2HT 8.0 8.0 8.0 Corone~ lanolin l.0 4.0 l8.0 Wa~er ------balance to lO0---~ -20 Cationic/lanolin ratio 8:l 2:1 1:2.25 Pieces of cotton terry cloth were treated with li~uors made up from these compositions. The treated cloths were assessed by a panel of people who found that composition B gave more preferred results than either of compositions A and C.
EXAMPLES 8 A~D 9 The following fabric softening compositions were prepared using lanolin-like materials in place of lanolin se:
-~q~
E,YAMPLE ~0. ~ 9 INGREDIENTS (~) Arquad 2HT 8.0 12.25 5 super Hartolanl 3. 0 Iso~stearic acid2 - 2.75 Calc.ium chloride 0.1 0.2 Water balance to 100 10 Vlscosity at llOs l(Cp) 13 126 r~he pH of each of these compositions w~en diluted to 250 ppm was less than 7.5~
Notes~ 1 - Distilled lanolin alcohols (ex Croda Chemicals) 2 - Iso~stearic acid (ex Emery) ~ xcep~ as indicated otherwise, all percentages referred to herein are by weight, based on the weight of the compvsition.
Mixtures of two or more polymers of the same type or o~ di~erent type may also be used.
A preferred class of polymers comprises polyethylene-ylyc~ls with an average molecular weigh of 1,000 to 6, OOOJ
These polymers, and especially those with an average mol2cular weight of 4,000 or 6,000, are particularly 5 ~uitable for compositions of the invention with a high :Level o~ relatively water-insoluble cationic fabric-softening agent.
Other typical examples of suitable polymers are 10 dex~ran with a molecular weight of 10,000 and polyethylene imine with a molecular weight of 45-750.
~ en the com~osition contains a C12-C40 hydro-carbon as d -viscosity control agent, this is advantageously 15 at a leve] of from 0.25% to 50% by weight, preferably from Ou5~ ~o 25~. Preferred materials have from 12 to 24 carbon atoms and especially preferred are liquid mi~ctures o parafflns having from 14 to 18 carbon atoms.
Normally, suitable hydrocarbons are found in the paraffin and olefin series, but other materials, such as a~kynes and cyclic hydrocarbons are not e~ccluded.
Ma-terials kno~n generally as paraffin oil, and petroleum are sui~able. Examples oE specific materials are 25 he.~aclecane, octadecane, eicosane tetradecane and oc~adecane. Preferred commercially-available paraffin miYctures include spinclle oil and light oil and technical gracle mixtures of Cl~-C18 n-paraffin9- Haloparaffins such as myristyl chloride and stearyl bromide are not 30 accluded.
~ en the composition contains a Cg-C24 fatty acid, this i9 advantageously at a level of from ~.5 ~o 15%.
Highly preferred materials of this class are the ClO~C?~ saturated fatty acids, especially lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid and stearic acid.
When ~he composition contains a fatty acid ester havins a total of 10 to 40 carbon atoms this is at a preferred level of from 0.25 to 15% by weight, advantageously 0.5 to 4~. The ester is preferably empirically derived from a fatty acid having 8 to 23 carbon a-~oms and an alkanol or hydroxy alkanol having 1-8, especlally 1-4 carbon a~oms~ Specific examples include es-~ers derived from Cl-C3 alcohols and lauric, myristic, palmitic or stearic acid, ~uch as methyl l~urate, ethyl myristate, iso-propyl stearate, ethylene glycol monos~earate, ethyl stearate, methyl palmitate and other es~ers such as iso-butyl stearate, 2-ethylhexyllaurate, iso-octyl myristate .
~ hen the composition contains a fatty alcohol having from 10 to 18 carbon atoms, this is preferably at a level of f~om 00~5 to 15% by weight.
SpeciEic e~amples of this class are decanol, dodecanol, tetradPcanol, pentadecanol, hexadecanol and octadecanol. The most preferred materials are lauryl and palrnityl alcohols.
7~en ~he compositions contains as viscosity control a~en~ a solvent, this may be a lower alkanol, a glycol~ a glycoleth2r and ~he like. The solvent may be present at a level o:E up to 20% by weight, such as from 5% to 15% by weigh~ en the cationic fabric-~oftening agent i~
supplied in the form of an aqueous-alcoholic solution, that alcoho:L content is included in the above amounts, and if necessary only a small amount of extra alcohol is to be adclecl. A suitable solvent is isopropanol.
The viscosity of the fabric softening composition may be controlled by the presence of an electrolyte.
Pre~erably the electrolyte is a water-soluble non-surface a~ive salt such as sodium chloride, sodium methosulphate, 5 sodium benzoate calcium chloride, magnesium chloride or all~inium chlorhydrate. The level of electrolyte will determine or be determined by the desired viscosity of the composition and the nature and concentration of other components in the composition. Typical levels are from 'l0 100 ~o 1000 parts per million, most preferably between ~00 and 500 parts per million.
The fabric softening compositions optionally contain one or more nonionic emulsifying agents, such as the pol~merised monoglycerides of long chain fatty acids having ~rom 14 to 24 carbon atoms in the straight or branched sa~urated or unsaturated carbon chain, such as poly-monolauryl glyceride, poly-monostearyl glyceride, poly-monopalmityl glyceride or poly-monooleyl glyceride.
Another suitable nonionic emulsifying agent is sorbitan monostqearateq These nonionic emulsifying agents are available comm~cially by the Trade Marks WITCON~L ~Witco Chemicals L~d) and ~PA~ (~tlas Chemical). The nonionic emulsifying ase~ may be present at a level from 0.5% to 9.5~ by weight 9 such as from 2.4~ to 6%.
In addition to the above-discussed components, ;~0 conlpositions according to the invention can also include a q~ater~soluble cationic or nonionic surfactant.
By wacer-soluble, it is meant that ~he surfactant has a solubility in water of pH 2.5 and 20~C of greater than 10 ~5 ~ ormally such materials are alkyl substituted ammonium salts having one C12-C24 alkyl chain, optionally sub~tituted or interrupted by functional groups such as ~0-, ~COO -, - CONH -, -O - etc. Suitable water soluble nonionic surfactants are the ethoxylated sorbitan e~ters available as TWEENS tAtlas ~hemical).
I~ is particularly beneficial to include a water-soluble cationic or nonionic emulsifying agent in ~he compo~i~ion if it contains as a viscosity modifier a hydrocarbon, fatty acid, fatty alcohol or fatty acid ester of the types referred to above. The level of the water-soluble surfactant is preferably 0.1% to l~.
Pr~ferably, the compositions contain substantially no anionic matzrial such as anionic surfactants~ However, some anionic material can be tolerated in practice. In pre~erred compositions the weight ratio of any anionic ma.e~ial ~o the cationic fabric softening agent is less than 0.4-1, most preferably less than 0O2:1.
The viscosity of the fabric softening compositions when in liquid form is preferably less than about 150 cP, most pr~ferably less than about 120 cP. This viscosity is measured at 25C and 110 sec l in a Haake Viscometer~
The compositions of the invention can normally be prepared by mixing ~he ingredients together in water, h2a~ing to a temperature o about 60C and agitating for 5-30 minut~s~
3 The invention will now be illustrated by the followiny non-limiting examples.
E~AMPLES 1 TO 6 ~5 Liquid fabric conditioning compositions were made up accordlng ~o the ormulations giv~n in the following Table 1, h~ mixing the ingredients together in water at about 60C and agitating.
Each ~o~.position was then addad to town water at the concentrations mentioned in the Table, and the pH was measured.
Each rinse liquor so obtained was capa~le of providing good fabric softeniny.
Table I also quotes the viscosity of each fabric softening composition measured in the Haake viscometer at llO sec l at 25~Co ~~
TABLE I
~X~MPLE 1 2 3 4 5 6 . . ~
_GREDIENTS (~)_ Cationic fabric softener Arosurf TA 100 ~
~1003 active~ 2.0 2.6 Varisof-~ 475'(75% active) 8.0 15.5 6.7 Dilsof~ tallow3 :Imida~oline methosulphate 18.75 Lanolin Pure lanol.in BP
~ex BD~I~ 8.0 4.0 9.59.0 6.25 22~4 Vlscosi-t~ Modi~yin~ Agent Sodium ehloride 0.015 0.32 n-Cl -Cl paraffin oil ~e~ ~P~ 12.0 20 Pol~ethylene glycol ~i~W 4K3 10.0 I~opropanol 405 Propylene glycol 1.0 25 Water 601uble emulsi~ier Arquacl 18'(50~ active~ 0.5 Demineralised water ~ --balance to 100---------___. ____ p~ a~ l.00 ppm 6.42 6.67 6.72 7.05 7.22 6.62 pEI at ~50 ppm 6.27 6.37 6.45 6.95 6.67 6.47 ~isco.it~ ~P 24 ~ 125 183 71 181 Similar results can be obtained by replacing the lanolin used in ~hese Examples with Coronet grade lanolin .~,,.
~,~e,~ f~ 5 (e~ Croda ~1emicals) or Lanolin P95 (ex Westbrook Lanolin Compan~).
Sirnilar results can also be obtained by using as the ca~ionic fabric softener Arquad 2T of Arquad 2HI (ex Armak Company~. Still further similar results can be obtained by replaciny the sodium chloride with calcium chloride, magnesium chloride or aluminium chlorhydrate.
Three fabric softening compositions were prepared according to ~he following Table.
15 EXAMPLE: A B C
____ INGREDIENT (~
Arquad 2HT 8.0 8.0 8.0 Corone~ lanolin l.0 4.0 l8.0 Wa~er ------balance to lO0---~ -20 Cationic/lanolin ratio 8:l 2:1 1:2.25 Pieces of cotton terry cloth were treated with li~uors made up from these compositions. The treated cloths were assessed by a panel of people who found that composition B gave more preferred results than either of compositions A and C.
EXAMPLES 8 A~D 9 The following fabric softening compositions were prepared using lanolin-like materials in place of lanolin se:
-~q~
E,YAMPLE ~0. ~ 9 INGREDIENTS (~) Arquad 2HT 8.0 12.25 5 super Hartolanl 3. 0 Iso~stearic acid2 - 2.75 Calc.ium chloride 0.1 0.2 Water balance to 100 10 Vlscosity at llOs l(Cp) 13 126 r~he pH of each of these compositions w~en diluted to 250 ppm was less than 7.5~
Notes~ 1 - Distilled lanolin alcohols (ex Croda Chemicals) 2 - Iso~stearic acid (ex Emery) ~ xcep~ as indicated otherwise, all percentages referred to herein are by weight, based on the weight of the compvsition.
Claims (6)
OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. A method of treating fabrics comprising contacting the fabrics with an aqueous liquor having a pH less than about 7.5 and containing a cationic fabric softening agent, characterised in that said liquor also contains lanolin or a lanolin-like material and is formed by adding to water a liquid or granular solid fabric softening composition comprising a cationic fabric softening agent and lanolin or a lanolin-like material.
2. A method according to Claim 1, characterised in that the weight ratio of said lanolin or lanolin-like material to said fabric softening agent lies between 0.05:1 and 20:1.
3. A method according to Claim 2, characterised in that the weight ratio of said lanolin or lanolin-like material to said fabric softening agent lies between 0.01:1 and 10:1 .
4. A method according to Claim 1, characterised in that the weight ratio of said liquor to said fabric is less than 25:1.
5. A method according to Claim 1, characterised in that the weight ratio of said liquor to said fabrics is between 10:1 and 4:1.
6. A method according to Claim 1, characterised in that the liquor has such a composition and the treatment is carried out at such temperature for such a time and with such agitation that the level of cationic fabric softening agent and lanolin or lanolin-like material deposited on the fabric is less than 0.5% by weight of the dry fabric.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8203880 | 1982-02-10 | ||
| GB8203880 | 1982-02-10 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1192004A true CA1192004A (en) | 1985-08-20 |
Family
ID=10528227
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000420879A Expired CA1192004A (en) | 1982-02-10 | 1983-02-03 | Method of softening fabrics |
Country Status (17)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0086104B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPS58149379A (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE42762T1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU549921B2 (en) |
| BR (1) | BR8300642A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1192004A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3379790D1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2114619B (en) |
| GR (1) | GR78098B (en) |
| IN (1) | IN156619B (en) |
| MY (1) | MY8700538A (en) |
| NO (1) | NO830420L (en) |
| NZ (1) | NZ203172A (en) |
| PH (1) | PH18127A (en) |
| PT (1) | PT76217B (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA83877B (en) |
| ZW (1) | ZW3483A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4421514A (en) * | 1982-08-03 | 1983-12-20 | Colgate-Palmolive | Antistatic laundry treatment |
| US4555349A (en) * | 1983-04-08 | 1985-11-26 | Lever Brothers Company | Fabric softening compositions |
| GB8410318D0 (en) * | 1984-04-19 | 1984-05-31 | Unilever Plc | Fabric softening composition |
| DE4301459A1 (en) * | 1993-01-20 | 1994-07-21 | Huels Chemische Werke Ag | Aqueous fabric softener for the treatment of textiles |
| US5409619A (en) * | 1993-08-23 | 1995-04-25 | Reckitt & Colman Inc. | Ironing aid composition |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA1030308A (en) * | 1972-10-10 | 1978-05-02 | Neil M. Mchugh | Conditioning of fabrics |
| IT966940B (en) * | 1972-12-05 | 1974-02-20 | Unilever Nv | DETERGENT COMPOSITION |
| US4110498A (en) * | 1976-03-08 | 1978-08-29 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Fabric treatment compositions |
| GB2007734B (en) * | 1977-10-22 | 1983-04-07 | Cargo Fleet Chemical Co | Fabric softeners |
| EP0013780B2 (en) * | 1979-01-11 | 1988-08-31 | THE PROCTER & GAMBLE COMPANY | Concentrated fabric softening composition |
-
1983
- 1983-02-03 CA CA000420879A patent/CA1192004A/en not_active Expired
- 1983-02-03 NZ NZ203172A patent/NZ203172A/en unknown
- 1983-02-03 PH PH24877A patent/PH18127A/en unknown
- 1983-02-04 ZW ZW34/83A patent/ZW3483A1/en unknown
- 1983-02-07 IN IN34/BOM/83A patent/IN156619B/en unknown
- 1983-02-07 AU AU11182/83A patent/AU549921B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1983-02-08 EP EP83300624A patent/EP0086104B1/en not_active Expired
- 1983-02-08 AT AT83300624T patent/ATE42762T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1983-02-08 DE DE8383300624T patent/DE3379790D1/en not_active Expired
- 1983-02-08 GB GB08303394A patent/GB2114619B/en not_active Expired
- 1983-02-09 PT PT76217A patent/PT76217B/en unknown
- 1983-02-09 ZA ZA83877A patent/ZA83877B/en unknown
- 1983-02-09 JP JP58020537A patent/JPS58149379A/en active Pending
- 1983-02-09 NO NO830420A patent/NO830420L/en unknown
- 1983-02-09 BR BR8300642A patent/BR8300642A/en unknown
- 1983-02-24 GR GR70439A patent/GR78098B/el unknown
-
1987
- 1987-12-30 MY MY538/87A patent/MY8700538A/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| NZ203172A (en) | 1986-03-14 |
| ATE42762T1 (en) | 1989-05-15 |
| IN156619B (en) | 1985-09-21 |
| ZA83877B (en) | 1984-09-26 |
| PT76217A (en) | 1983-03-01 |
| DE3379790D1 (en) | 1989-06-08 |
| ZW3483A1 (en) | 1984-08-29 |
| AU1118283A (en) | 1983-08-18 |
| EP0086104A3 (en) | 1986-02-12 |
| EP0086104A2 (en) | 1983-08-17 |
| GB2114619B (en) | 1986-05-08 |
| GR78098B (en) | 1984-09-26 |
| PT76217B (en) | 1986-06-26 |
| MY8700538A (en) | 1987-12-31 |
| PH18127A (en) | 1985-03-22 |
| AU549921B2 (en) | 1986-02-20 |
| GB2114619A (en) | 1983-08-24 |
| BR8300642A (en) | 1983-11-08 |
| NO830420L (en) | 1983-08-11 |
| JPS58149379A (en) | 1983-09-05 |
| GB8303394D0 (en) | 1983-03-16 |
| EP0086104B1 (en) | 1989-05-03 |
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