CA1186961A - Construction for recovering the heat in open fireplaces - Google Patents
Construction for recovering the heat in open fireplacesInfo
- Publication number
- CA1186961A CA1186961A CA000392817A CA392817A CA1186961A CA 1186961 A CA1186961 A CA 1186961A CA 000392817 A CA000392817 A CA 000392817A CA 392817 A CA392817 A CA 392817A CA 1186961 A CA1186961 A CA 1186961A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- tubes
- space
- air
- heat
- back plate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Abstract
ABSTRACT
A structure for recovering the heat in open fireplaces comprising a space having one wall serving as the hearth plate for the fire and one vertical wall serving as the back plate over which the air to be heated circulates. Within the space a plurality of tubes are disposed open at the bottom transversely of the back plate at the level of the wood and/or the burning embers, and at the top opening into the flue.
A structure for recovering the heat in open fireplaces comprising a space having one wall serving as the hearth plate for the fire and one vertical wall serving as the back plate over which the air to be heated circulates. Within the space a plurality of tubes are disposed open at the bottom transversely of the back plate at the level of the wood and/or the burning embers, and at the top opening into the flue.
Description
the hot The present invention concerns a construction for heatin~ air assoeiated ~Jith the flue of an open fire.
Arrangements for recovering the heat in the flues of open fires by heating air or water are already known. For example, among known constructions for heating air may be mentioned those which are described in French Patents published under Nos: 22 70 527, 22 73 238 and 23 4l ~2l. These constructions all comprise an enclosed space which extends around the fire and in which the air to be heated circulates, the wall of the space adjacent to the fire being heated by the flames and smoke and serving to heat the air circulating in the space. Now it is known that the temperature of the flames decreases very quickly on leaving the surface of the fuel and that the temperature of the smoke also decreases rapidl~y as it mixes with excess air passing into the flue without participating in the combustion.
In particular, the height ~f the back plate of the flue does not enable air to be re-heated above about 60.
One object of the present invention is to provide a construction which enables the delivery of hot air at temperatures substantially more elevated~
According to one feature of the invention a construction is provided comprising a space having one surface serving as the hearth plate and one surface serving as a back plate over which the air to be heated circulates, the arrangement also comprising, within said space, a plurality of tubes open at the bottom, extending over the surface ~P
o~ the back plate from the height of the wood and/or embers, and opening at the top into the flue passage.
Accordjng to another feature of the invention, the tubes are of relatively restricted cross-section so as not to permit the passage of air not taking part in the combustion.
According to a further feature the lower outlets of the pipes are located at different levels.
According to yet another -Feat~re enclosure means are provided to enable the outlets of selected pipes to be closed as desired.
The features of the invention mentioned above, as well as others will be more clearly apparent from the followins description with reference to the accompanying drawings of a practical example, wherein Figure 1 is a sectional elevation of an open fireplace incorporating an arrangement for heating air according to the inventlon, Figure 2 is a front elevation of the fireplace of Figure 1, Figure 3 is a sectional plan of line III-III showing the arrange-ment for heating, and Figure 4 is a front elevation of an arrangement for selection of the tubes to be opened.
The open fireplace shown in Figure 1 comprises, as is customary, a hearth plate 1 on which stands the grate 2 supporting the burning firelogs 3, a back plate 4, jambs 5, a lintel 6, a hood 7 and a flue pipe 8.
The back plate 4 is actually a wall in front of a space 9 which has the form o~ a chamber L-shaped in vertical section, the bottom limb of the L extend;ng under at least part of the hearthl and the upright limb of the L rising as far as the hood 7. The space 9 has at the bottom an air intake passage 10 to allow the entry of cold air from outside of the room in which the fireplace is located, and at the top the air outlets 11 which deliver the hot air either into the same room, for example through the hood, or into another room. For this purpose, in the embodiment shown, the top place 12 of the space 9 is pierced by two apertures 11 to which are connected branch pipes 13 opening on the 5i des of the hood 7.
Also there are provided in the upright leg of the L-shaped space 9, tubes 14 which run in general vertical, the lower ends being welded to the back plate 4 and their upper ends welded to the plate 12. The plates 4 and 12 are pierced correspondingly by the tubes 14. The tubes are advantageously about 3 mm in diameter.
The tubes 14 serve as bye-pass outlets of restricted cross-section in relation to the principal fire. The direct result is that the burning cornbustion gases emitted by the wood are able to rise also while burning in the tubes 14. In fact though not seen, they proceed, as indicated by the flames 15, into the apertures at the bottom of the back plate ~. As the quantity of air admitted into each tube 4 is limited by the narrow section of the tubes, the hot gases rising in each tube are not mixed with an excess of cold air n~t participating in the combustion. Thus the temperature in the tubes 14 is, at the same ~evel, much greater than that of the plate 4. 0~ course, the plate 4 transfers the heat of the fire to the interior of the space 9, as in the known constructions.
Moreover, the-ratio of the surface of a tube to its volume is maximal with the result that the transfer of heat to the air passing through the space 9 is clearly much more effective than w;th a con-struction having only as the heat transfer surface the plate 4 and the part extending below the hearth.
Experience.has shown that, of the tubes 14~ those which conduct most of the -flames are those which open at the level where the flames originate. This is the reason why, as shown in Figure 2, the inlets of the tubes 14 are located at different heights, and as shown in Figure 4, the sliding obturating plate 16 having appropriately disposed apertures 17 enables the apertures which are open to be selected.
This device permits adjustment according to the height of the heat of burning logs so as to obtain the best results.
The section of the space may be rela~ively flat in order to obtain a sufficient supply of hot air.
In its upper part the space 9 ma~ be inclined towards the lintel 6 so as to create a constriction which improves the draught to the flue.
Arrangements for recovering the heat in the flues of open fires by heating air or water are already known. For example, among known constructions for heating air may be mentioned those which are described in French Patents published under Nos: 22 70 527, 22 73 238 and 23 4l ~2l. These constructions all comprise an enclosed space which extends around the fire and in which the air to be heated circulates, the wall of the space adjacent to the fire being heated by the flames and smoke and serving to heat the air circulating in the space. Now it is known that the temperature of the flames decreases very quickly on leaving the surface of the fuel and that the temperature of the smoke also decreases rapidl~y as it mixes with excess air passing into the flue without participating in the combustion.
In particular, the height ~f the back plate of the flue does not enable air to be re-heated above about 60.
One object of the present invention is to provide a construction which enables the delivery of hot air at temperatures substantially more elevated~
According to one feature of the invention a construction is provided comprising a space having one surface serving as the hearth plate and one surface serving as a back plate over which the air to be heated circulates, the arrangement also comprising, within said space, a plurality of tubes open at the bottom, extending over the surface ~P
o~ the back plate from the height of the wood and/or embers, and opening at the top into the flue passage.
Accordjng to another feature of the invention, the tubes are of relatively restricted cross-section so as not to permit the passage of air not taking part in the combustion.
According to a further feature the lower outlets of the pipes are located at different levels.
According to yet another -Feat~re enclosure means are provided to enable the outlets of selected pipes to be closed as desired.
The features of the invention mentioned above, as well as others will be more clearly apparent from the followins description with reference to the accompanying drawings of a practical example, wherein Figure 1 is a sectional elevation of an open fireplace incorporating an arrangement for heating air according to the inventlon, Figure 2 is a front elevation of the fireplace of Figure 1, Figure 3 is a sectional plan of line III-III showing the arrange-ment for heating, and Figure 4 is a front elevation of an arrangement for selection of the tubes to be opened.
The open fireplace shown in Figure 1 comprises, as is customary, a hearth plate 1 on which stands the grate 2 supporting the burning firelogs 3, a back plate 4, jambs 5, a lintel 6, a hood 7 and a flue pipe 8.
The back plate 4 is actually a wall in front of a space 9 which has the form o~ a chamber L-shaped in vertical section, the bottom limb of the L extend;ng under at least part of the hearthl and the upright limb of the L rising as far as the hood 7. The space 9 has at the bottom an air intake passage 10 to allow the entry of cold air from outside of the room in which the fireplace is located, and at the top the air outlets 11 which deliver the hot air either into the same room, for example through the hood, or into another room. For this purpose, in the embodiment shown, the top place 12 of the space 9 is pierced by two apertures 11 to which are connected branch pipes 13 opening on the 5i des of the hood 7.
Also there are provided in the upright leg of the L-shaped space 9, tubes 14 which run in general vertical, the lower ends being welded to the back plate 4 and their upper ends welded to the plate 12. The plates 4 and 12 are pierced correspondingly by the tubes 14. The tubes are advantageously about 3 mm in diameter.
The tubes 14 serve as bye-pass outlets of restricted cross-section in relation to the principal fire. The direct result is that the burning cornbustion gases emitted by the wood are able to rise also while burning in the tubes 14. In fact though not seen, they proceed, as indicated by the flames 15, into the apertures at the bottom of the back plate ~. As the quantity of air admitted into each tube 4 is limited by the narrow section of the tubes, the hot gases rising in each tube are not mixed with an excess of cold air n~t participating in the combustion. Thus the temperature in the tubes 14 is, at the same ~evel, much greater than that of the plate 4. 0~ course, the plate 4 transfers the heat of the fire to the interior of the space 9, as in the known constructions.
Moreover, the-ratio of the surface of a tube to its volume is maximal with the result that the transfer of heat to the air passing through the space 9 is clearly much more effective than w;th a con-struction having only as the heat transfer surface the plate 4 and the part extending below the hearth.
Experience.has shown that, of the tubes 14~ those which conduct most of the -flames are those which open at the level where the flames originate. This is the reason why, as shown in Figure 2, the inlets of the tubes 14 are located at different heights, and as shown in Figure 4, the sliding obturating plate 16 having appropriately disposed apertures 17 enables the apertures which are open to be selected.
This device permits adjustment according to the height of the heat of burning logs so as to obtain the best results.
The section of the space may be rela~ively flat in order to obtain a sufficient supply of hot air.
In its upper part the space 9 ma~ be inclined towards the lintel 6 so as to create a constriction which improves the draught to the flue.
Claims (5)
1. A construction for recovering the heat in open fireplaces comprising a space having one wall serving as a hearth plate for the fire and one vertical wall serving as a back plate over which air to be heated circulates, a plurality of tubes within said space opening at the bottom transversely of the back plate at the level of wood and/or burning embers of said fire, and at the top opening into a flue.
2. A construction according to claim 1, in which the tubes have a restricted cross-section to exclude surplus air not participating in the combustion.
3. A construction according to claim 1 or 2, in which lower open ends of the tubes are disposed at different heights.
4. A construction according to claims 1 or 2, including shutter means associated with at least certain of said tubes for the selective closure of certain tubes as desired.
5. A construction according to claim 1 or 2, in which lower open ends of the tubes are disposed at different heights and including shutter means associated with at least certain of said tubes for the selective closure of certain tubes as desired.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000392817A CA1186961A (en) | 1981-12-21 | 1981-12-21 | Construction for recovering the heat in open fireplaces |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000392817A CA1186961A (en) | 1981-12-21 | 1981-12-21 | Construction for recovering the heat in open fireplaces |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1186961A true CA1186961A (en) | 1985-05-14 |
Family
ID=4121672
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000392817A Expired CA1186961A (en) | 1981-12-21 | 1981-12-21 | Construction for recovering the heat in open fireplaces |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1186961A (en) |
-
1981
- 1981-12-21 CA CA000392817A patent/CA1186961A/en not_active Expired
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |