CA1186779A - Vending machine control system with malfunction bypass - Google Patents

Abstract

VENDING MACHINE CONTROL SYSTEM
WITH MALFUNCTION BYPASS
ABSTRACT
A vending machine control system with a bypass for a malfunctioning column of a multiple column vending machine which has electric dispensing mechanism drives individual to the columns; the system having momentary selection switches for selecting a product from each column by energizing the corresponding drive through a selection path during the initial portion of a dispens-ing cycle; having carrier switches individual to the columns and actuated by the drives for maintaining a relay in a condition wherein the selection switches are energized for such selection by a series connection through the carrier switches during such initial portion, each carrier switch cancelling such condition of the relay by opening the connection and, substantially simul-taneously with such cancelling, energizing the corre-sponding drive to complete the remaining portion of the dispensing cycle through another path which is a portion of such connection; and having bypass switches indivi-dual to the columns and actuated by the drives, each bypass switch serving to restore such connection substan-tially immediately after the connection is opened by the corresponding carrier switch so that, if a malfunction stalls the drive of one column during such remaining portion, the relay can subsequently be maintained in such condition through such connection allowing products to be selected and dispensed from other columns.

Description

WITI-I MAIIFUNCTION BYPASS

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present inven1ion relates to a vending mac~ine control system with malfunction bypass, and more particularly to such a system for use wi-th a multiple column vending machine to control the dispensing mech-anism of each column when a product individual to the column is selec-ted, the system serving -to bypass a column in which such mechanism fails to complete a dispensing cycle and to allow subsequent selection and dispensing of products from other columns of the machine.
Multiple column vending machines for dispensing a plurality of products, such as canned soft drinks of different types, are well known. Typically, each column dispenses a corresponding product and has a mechanical dispensing mechanism. Such a machine has a system con-trolling a cycle of each mechanism during which an item is dispensed from the corresponding column after suffi-cient funds are provided to the machine, -typically in the form of coins. In order to prevent dispensing several items, although funds for only one item have been inserted, each cycle necessarily has a portion during which a produc-t cannot be selected for vending during a subse-quent cycle. The dispensing mechanism of each column ls subjec-t to malfunction, as when a can is improperly stored in a s-torage apparatus of the column. It is evident that a malfunction which stalls the mechanism during such period of the dispensing cycle wlll render the machine inoperative although only one column has, in fact, mal-functioned. As a result, various control systems for mul-tiple columI1 vending machines have been devised to bypass a malfunctioned column after an initial portion of its dispenslng cycle. However, a malfur1c-tion during this initial portion will still disable -the en-tire machine.
~hile certain such control sys-tems are effective, they are relatively complicated and, to this extent, relatively expensive and subject to failure due to the number of ~0 components. Further, any reduction in -the length of such 7 r ~ ~

initial por-tion, relative to the entire cycle and to such leng-th in prior art vending machine control sys-tems, is highly desirable. Such a reduction is desirable because a machine so disabled cannot be a source of profit until i-t is manually serviced, such servicing usually being relatively infrequent and only after a period of time in which it is expected -that the supply of produc-ts in the machine normally would be nearly exhausted.
In prior art multiple column vencling machine control systems which bypass a malfunctioned column, it is known to ac-tivate a "sold-out" signal individual to -the malfunctioned column as an indication -that -the pro-duct corresponding to the column is not available, such indication being given although the machine is not empty of such product.
One example of a malfunction lockout system for a multiple column vending machine has a cam which is rotated by an electric drive for the dispensing mechanism of a column OL the machine and which moves through a cycle corresponding to a dispensing cycle of the mechanism.
The cam actuates suitable switches to establ:ish an initial portion of the cycle in which the drive is energized through a customer actuated product selection switch and in which a subsequent dispensing cycle cannot be ini-tia-ted. The cam then actuates the switches to establish a remaining portion of the cycle in which a malfunc-tion of the column is bypassable to allow the machine subsequently to vend products from other columns. Unlike the system of the subject invention, this prior art system requires that each dispensing cycle have an intermediate portion which is between such initial portion and remaining por-tion. In this intermediate por-tion, although the selec-tion switch no longer energizes the drive, a malfunction in one column can result in the entire machine being disabled. The circuit includes a "cam hold" switch individual to each column to establish this intermediate portion.
In another prior art example of a vending machine control sys-tem having a bypass for a jammed vendi.ng motor, the bypass is controlled by a motor ac-tuated switch which is actuated by -the magne-tic field of the motor and by a thermal overload protector -there-for instead of by a cam. The system includes cam operat-ed switches which provide an initial portion and a re-maining portion of a dispens:;ng cycle corresponding func-tionally to the above described initiaL and remaini.ng poLtiOns of a cycle o a dispensing mechanism of the firs-t example given above.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention provides a control system for a multiple column vending machine in which each co].umn is adapted to dispense a corresponding product and is subject to possible malfunc-tion during such dis-pensing, the system having a bypass for such malfunctionand comprising:
A. credit means having a vend condition corresponding -to the deposite of sufficient funds for vending a product and a cancel condition corresponding to the cancellation of crediti B. a plurality of electrically energizable selection means, each selection means individually correspondi.ng to one column and having a customer select-ed momentary condition;
C. a plurality of electrically powered drive means individually, operatively and mechanica]ly connected to -the columns, each drive means having a dispensing cycle by which a product is dispensed from the correspond-ing column, progress o-E such means through the cycle being s-talled by such malfunction;
~ . a plurality of circuits individually related to the column, each circuit including (1) selection conductor means :Eor ener-gizing -the corresponding drive means f:rom the correspond-ing selection means in response to -the momentary condition of such selection means,

(2) carrier switching means having a vend condition for maintaining the credit means in -the vend condition -thereof during an initial por-tion of the 7~7~

dispensing cycle while the corresponding drive means is energized in response to -the momentary condition of the corresponding selection means and having a drive condi-tion for energizing the drive means immediately subse-quent -to said momentary condition and during the remain-ing portion of such a cycle and for transitioning the credit means from the vend condition thereoE to the cancel condition immediately subsequent to said momen-tary condition, and

(3) bypass switching means having a cancel condi-tion for transition of the credi-t means from the credit condition to the cancel condition and a bypass condition for maintaining the credit means in the vend condition thereof subsequent to such transition when such vend condition occurs and when the first switching means is in the drive condition due to such malfunction;
and E. a plurality of actuating means individually rela-ted to the columns for actuating the carrier switch-ing means and the bypass switching means of the corre-sponding circuits, each actuating means being driven by the corresponding drive means in a cycle corresponding to the dispensing cycle thereof.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Fig. 1 is a schematic electrical and mechanical diagram of a vending machine control system with mal-function bypass embodying the principles of the present invention, the system being depicted in a s-tandby condi-tion and with conventionally represented elements for three columns of such a machine.
Fig. 2 is a diagram of the sys-tem of Fig. 1 in a condi-tion existing in a vending cycle subsequent to the condition of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a diagram of the system in a third condition which is subsequent to -the condition of Fig. 2 Fig. 4 is a diagram of the sys-tem in a condi-tion for bypassing one of -the columns which has mal-functioned.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBO~IMENT
_ _ _ _ _ _ . _ _ In Fig. 1 is shown a vending machine control system, indicated generally by the numeral 10, with malfunction bypass. The system embodies the principles of -the subjec-t invention and is depic-ted together with associated elements of a multiple column vellding machine.
The machine i5 represented as having three subs-tantially identical columns 11, 12r and 13. The columns are conventionally represented since the sys-tern is for use with a vending machine having columns oE any suitab]e construction and since there are several well-known structures utilized for such columns. The system has three circuits 15 which are individually related to the columns and are suhstantially identical. It is to be understood that the system is adaptable, by varying the number of such circuits, for use with a vending machine which is similar to that represented but which has some other number of such columns. Schematically, such - additional columns and corresponding circuits are disposed between columns 12 and 13 as indicated by conventionally represented, broken conductors therebetween.
Each of the columns 11~ 12, and 13 has a storage apparatus 20 for storing a plurali-ty of items of products to be vended one at a time by the machine.
Typically, the items stored in each column are cans of soft drinks and all of the cans stored in one column contain the same product. Each storage apparatus has a sold-out actuator which is represen-ted by the dash line 21 and is of well-known construction. This actuator 3~ has alternate positions corresponding -to the apparatus being empty of any item to vend and to the presence of at least one such item in the apparatus. Each column also has a dispensing mechanism 25 for dispensing the items stored in the corresponding storage apparatus.
The mechanism is represented as being driven by a shaft 26 which undergoes one revolution to dispense one such item, each revolution thus defining a dispensing cycle.
The cycle commences at a standby condi-tion of the mechanism, each mechanism being understood to be in such condition in Fig. 1. As is well known, such a mechanism of a machine for vending cans or the like is subject -to malfunction during a dispensi.ng cycle with resultant jamming of the mechanism so -tha-t -the cycle thereof is not completed and the shaft does not complete the corresponding revolution. Such a malEunc-tion is due, for example, to improper positioniny of cans in the s-torage apparatus. The structure of the dispensing mechanism and the relation of the shaft is tha-t such a malfunction is not likely during an initial portion of the cycle, but is relatively more likel.y during the remaining portion of the cycle. If such a m~lfunction occurs in one column, typically the machine must be serviced to clear the malfunction. It is, oE course, desirable that the machine not be entirely disabled by such a malfunction in one column and the control system 10, therefore, provides for con-tinued vending from other columns and provides an indication to the customer that the product of the malfunc-tioned column i.s unavailable.
A vending machine provided with the system 10 has a coin mechanism 30 which is mornentarily actuated by the deposit of coins totaling at least sufficient funds for the vending of one item. The coin mechanism is of any suitable type, typically a well-known type having an external terminal 31 which is, in effect, connected to a coin return electromagnet 32 or to a correct change signal 33 by a switch 34~ The electrical elements of the coin mechanism function in a well-known manner and will not be further described herein except to note -that deenergization of the electromagnet results in the return of deposited coins.
The vending machine also has a source 35 of electrical energy. The source is symbolically represent-ed and has two terminals, one terminal being connectedto the system by lines representing conductors and the other terminal being represented by a ground symbol.
The system 10 has a credit relay 40 of any suitable construction. This relay has a control terrninal 41 which, when eneryized, results in the relay assuming a vend condition lndicated by the numeral 42 in Figs. 2 and 4. rhe relay is in a cancel condi-tion, indicated in Figs. l and 3 by the numeral 43, when th:i.s terminal is deenergized. The relay has a firs-t or selection swi-tch 45 which is closed in -the vend condit:ion and is open in the cancel condition. This relay has a second switch having a common terminal 46, a coin mechanism -terminal 47, and a latch terminal 48. The 1alch termi-nal is directly connected to the control -terminal. In the vend condition, the second switch connects the la-tch terminal to the common terminal and disconnects -the coin mechanism terminal from the common terminal, -these connections ~eing reversed in the cancel condition.
The credit relay thus closes the firs-t switch and a connection between the latch terminal and -the common terminal when the control terminal is eneryized and the relay is in the vend condition, and the relay opens -this switch and such connection in the cancel condition.
The system lO includes a vend switch 50 which is operably connected to the coin mechanism 30 hy an actuating connection symbolically indica-ted by the dash line 51. The vend switch is momentarily closed by the connection when the coin mechanism is momen-tarily actuated by deposit of sufficient funds. The vend switch has a common terminal, which is connected directly to the source 35 by a conduc-tor 52; has a normally open terminal 53, which is momentarily closed and -thereby connected to the source when the switch is so actua-ted;
and has a normally closed terminal 54 which is connected to the source when the switch is not so actua-ted. The normally open terminal is directly connected to the con-trol terminal 41 of the credit relay 40 by a conductor 56. The vencl switch is thereby connected between the source and the control terminal so that the control terminal is momentarily energized through the vend switch when the coin mechanism is momentarily actuated by such deposit and so that the vend condition 42 o-f the credit relay corresponds to such coin deposit.

The circuits 15 have individual, cus-tomer ac-tuatable selection switches 60 which co:rrcspond to -the respective produc-ts dispensed by -the col.umns 11 through 13. Each such selection switch has a common ter-minal 61; has a momentary -terminal 62 which is connected -to its common terminal while the switch is actuated by a customer; and has another terminal 63 which is con-nected to the common terminal when the swi-tch :is no-t so actuated. The common terminal oE the sel.ection switch correspondi.ng to column 11 is connected through the selec-tion switch 45 of the credit relay 40 to -the normally closed terminal 54 of the vend switch 50 by a conductor 65. The common terminals of the selection swi-tches corresponding to the columns 12 and 13 are, respectively, connec-ted sequentially and in series with such other terminals of the selection switches corresponding to the columns 11 and 12 by conductors 66. It is evident that the conductors 65 and 66 connect the source 35 through the first switch 45 of the credit relay to the customer actuable selection switches for energization of -the latter switches from the source when the relay is in the vend condition 42. It is also evident that the vend relay disconnects the customer actuated selection switches from the source when this relay is in its cancel condi-tion 43. When each switch 60 is energized and is ac-tuated, it thus provides a momen-tary condition in which i-ts momentary terminal is energized. Since the selection switches are connected in series, it is evident that, if more than one switch is manually ac-tuated, only one product can be selected. This point will be the product corresponding to the lowest numbered one of the columns 11 -through 13 having its associated selection switch actuated, since the selection switches corresponding to all of the higher numbered columns are deenergized when such one of the switches is actua-ted.
~ ach circuit 15 has a symbolicall~ represented electric drive 70. The drive has a mo-tor which is ener-gized ~y a terminal 72 and is operatively connected to the corresponding dispensing mechanism 25. Typically i7~
_9_ such connection ;s by a shaEt 74, which extends from ancl rotates with the corresponding shaft 2~. Each drive is -thus individually operatively and mechanically connec-ted to the corresponding column. The sha~t of the drive is an element which moves -throu~3h a dispensing cycle corresporlding -to -the dispensing cycle of such mechanism and which drives the mechanism in such cycle when the corre~-sponding terminal 72 is energized. It can be seen -that -the shaft of each electric drive has a predetermined movement of one revolu-tion during a dispensing cycle, this movement being incomplete when a ma:lfullc-tion of the dispensing mechanism occurs during the above--identified remaining portion of the mechanism cyc]e and stalls pro gress of the drive through the cycle.
Each circuit 15 has a carrier swi-tch 80. Each carrier switch has a vend condition 81, such switch corre-sponding to column 11 being in -the vend condition in Figs.
1 and 2. Each carrier switch also has a drive condition 82, the vend switch corresponding to column 11 being in ~0 the drive condition in Figs. 3 and 4. Each carrier switch is selectivel~ actuatable between these conditions and has a common terminal 83, a vend terminal 84, and a drive terminal 85. In the vend condition the common terminal and the vend terminal are connected, the common terminal and the drive terminal being disconnected. In the drive condition the common terminal and the drive terminal are connected while the common terminal and the vend terminal are disconnected.
Each circuit 15 has a bypass sw:itch 90. Each such swi-tch is selectively actuatable be-tween a closed or bypass condition, indicated by the numeral 91 for the bypass switch corresponding to column 11 in Figs. 1 and

4~ and an open or cancel condition ind;cated by the numeral 92 for such switch in Figs. 2 and 3O Each circuit has a pair of conductors 93 which connect the terminals of its bypass switch individually to the common terminal 83 and to the vend terminal 84 of its carrier switch 80.
The bypass switch is thus connected between these -ter-minals of the carrier swi-tch so that -these carrier switch terminals are electrically connec-ted in the closed condi-tion of the bypass switch. It is appa:rent -that -the car-rier switch and the bypass switch of each circuit are connec-ted in parallel by the conductors 93.
The system lO has a first vencl conduc-tor 95 which directly connects the common -terminal 83 correspond-ing -to the column 11 to the source 35. rhe s~s-tem has a pair of second vend conductors 96 which connect -the vend terminals 84 corresponding -to the co]nlmns 1.1 and 12, respectively and indivldually, to the common terminals 83 co:rresponding to -the columns 12 and 13. A third vend conductor 97 :i.s connected to -the vend terminal 84 of the carrier switch 80 corresponding to the column 13 and extends, as represented in the figures, parallel to a fourth vend conductor 98 which is connected to -the common terminal 46 at the relay 40O
The third and fourth vend conduc-tors are selec-tively electrically connectable in a manner to be described and are assumed to be so connected for the present. It can be seen that the vend conductors, 95 -through 98, define a series connection from the source through the carrier switches 80 and/or the para]lel connected bypass switches 90 and through the latch terminal 48 of the credit relay 40 to the control terminal 41 thereof. It is apparent that SllCh series connection extends from the source success-ively through the common terminal and the vend terminal of each carrier switch so that the series connection is opened when any carrier switch is in its drive condition 82 and the corresponding bypass switch is in its open condition 92. However, this series connection is closed when the credi-~ relay is in its vend condi-tion 42 and when there is a connection between the comrnon terminal and the vend terminal of each of the carrier switches.
Such a connection is established at each carrier switch either in response to the vend condition 84 of the switch or in response to the closed condition 91 of the bypass swi-tch 90 corresponding to the carrier switch.
Each circuit 15 has a first sold-out switch l.lO and a second sold-out switch 112, these switches being ac-tuated together by the actua-tor 21 and thus operably connected to the corresponding appara-tus 20.
Each first switch is closed when -there is an i-tem available Eor vending in the corresponding storage apparatus 20 and is open when the appara-tus is empty.
The first sold-out switches are connected in parallel between -the vend conductors 97 and 93. As a result, the above-identified series connection defined by -the vend conductors 95 through 98 can be completed when a-t least one of -the columns 11 through 13 has an item available -to vend. Conversely, this connection canno-t be completed to energize the terminal 46 of the credit relay 40 when all of thc columns are empty. When this connection cannot be completedr the terminals 47 and 31 cannot be energized so that the coin return electromagnet 32 is always de-energized and all deposited coins are returned.
Each second sold-out switch 112 has a comrnon terminal 115/ a product available terminal 116, and a sold-out terminal 117. The second sold-out switch is opera-ted by the corresponding actuator 21 so that the common ter-minal is connected to the product available terminal and is disconnected from the sold-out terminal when an item of a product is stored in the apparatus and so that the common terminal is disconnected frorn the product availabl.e terminal and is connected to -the so].d-out ter-minal when the appara-tus is empty of all such i-tems.
Each circuit 15 has a sold-out signal 120, represented as an incandescent lamp. This signal is electrically energizabl.e, as will subsequently be des-cribed, -to indicate to a customer that the corresponding stoxage apparatus 20 is empty of items for vending by associated mechanism 25.
Each circuit 15 includes a conductor arrange-ment for energizing its sold-out signal 120 and the corresponding drive 70. This arrangement i.ncludes a sel.ection conductor or first drive conductor 126~ This conductor electrically interconnects the momentary termi.nal 62 of -the corresponding selection switch 60, the signal, and the common terminal 115 of the corre-7~

sponding second sold-out switch 112. The conduct-or arrangement includes a second drive conduc-tor 127 which interconnects the sold-out terminal 117 of such switch to -the corresponding conductor 96, thereby connec-ting the sold-out terminal to the vend terminal 8~ of -the corresponding carrier switch 80. It can be seen tha-t, when the s-torage apparatus 20 of one of -the co1umns 11 through 13 is empty, -the signal 120 corresponding to the column is energizable from the associated vend -terminal 10 through the associated seconci drive conduc-tor 127; the terminals 116 and 115 of the associated second sold-out switch, and the associated first drive conductor 126 when such vend terminal is energized from the source 35. The vend terminal of each column is so energized through the 15 first vend conductor 95, and through any second vend conduc-tors 96 corresponding to lower numbered columns.
~nder these circumstances, an energized sold-out signal serves to indicate that its corresponding column is empty in a manner well known in vending machines. The conductor 20 arrangement also includes a third drive conductor 128 which electrically interconnects the termi.nal 72 of the drive 70, the product available terminal 116 of the corre-sponding second sold-out switch, and the drive terminal 85 of the corresponding carrier switch 80.
It is apparent that each drive 70 is energiz-able by only two paths, these paths being established by the corresponding circuit 15. One of these paths includes the first drive conductor 126 of the circuit and extends through this conductor from the momentary terminal 62 of 30 the corresponding selection switch 60. The pa-th continues through the corresponding second sold-out swtich 112, when an item is stored in the corresponding apparatus 20 so that this switch connects its termi.nals 115 and 116, and -through the third drive conductor 128. This pa-th is 35 opened and the drive disconnected from the se]ection switch when the apparatus is empty thereby preventing customer selection of an unavailable product. The o-ther of these paths energizes the drive in response to the drive condi-tion 82 of the corresponding carrier swi-tch 80 and extends g~

through the -third drive conductor 128 from -the drive terminal 85 of such swi-tch to the termirlal 72 of the drive. This other path thus energizes -the~ drive of each of the columns 11 through 13 when the common terminal 83 of the corresponding carrier switch is ~nerg-ized through the first vend conductor 95 and throuyh any second vend conductors 96 corresponding to lower numbered columns.
The system 10 has cams 140 ind:ividually rela-ted to the columns 11 through 13, each cam serviny to actuate -the carrier sw:itch 80 and the bypass swi-tch 90 of the corresponding circuit 15. Each cam has a lobe 141 and is Mounted on the shaft 74 of the corresponding drive 70 for rotation therewith. The cam is thus mo-tivated by the shaft in a circular path indicated by the arrow 14~ and corresponding to -the dispensiny cycle of the corre~
sponding dispensing mechanism 25. The path comrnences at a standby position 143 of the cam which corresponds to the above identified standby position of the dispensing mechanism. Each lobe is associated wi-th an ac-tuator 145 for -the corresponding carrier switch 80 and an actuator 1~6 for the corresponding bypass switch, these actuators being represented by dash lines. The representation of the cams and actuators in the figures is largely symbolic since these elements may be oE any suitable constructions which results in these switches being actuated in a sequence to be described. Typically and as represented in the figures/ the actua-tors occupy relatively small and equal angular portions of the path o~ the cam, and the angular width of the lobe along the path is approximately double tha-t of each actuator. The actuators are disposed in relation to -the cam so that -the carrier switch actuator is engaged by the lobe immediately after the lobe engages the bypass switch actuator and so -tha-t, in the standby position, the lobe has engaged the bypass swi-tch actuator but has not yet engaged -the carrier switch actuator. Each actuator 145 is connected in any suitable manner to the corresponding carrier switch 80 so that this swi-tch is in its vend condi-tion 81 when the actuator is engaged by the lobe and is in i-ts drive - 1 ~
condition 82 when the actuator is not so ellcJclged. The actua-tor 146 is connected to the bypass switch 90 so -that -this swi-tch is in its closed condi-tion ~1 when such ac-tua-tor is not engaged by the lobe and is ;n its open condi-tion 92 when such actua-tor is so c~ngacJed.
Since the cams 140, the actuaiors :L45 and 146, -the ca:rrier switches 80, and -the vend swi-tches 90 are arranged in -the manner just described, the pair of these swi-tches of each circuit 15 are ac-tuated sequentially -through ~our conditions 151 through 1.54 ~s the cam moves a]ong the path 142. The Eirst condition 151 corresponds -to -the standby position 143 of the correspondi.ng cam and is -the condition of these switches corresponding to all of the columns 11 through 13 in Fig. 1~ These switches co:rresponding to columns 11 and 13 in Fig. 2 and -to column 11 in Fig. 4 are also in such first condi--tion. In the firs-t condition each cam actua-tes the corre-sponding carrier swi-tch to its vend condi-tion 81 and actuates the corresponding bypass switch to its closed condition 91. In the second condition 152, which is the condition of the pairs of such switches corresponding to column 12 in Fig. 2 and to column 13 in Fig. 4, the .
ac-tuators of the carrier switch and of the bypass switch are both engaged by the lobe. The carri.er switch thus remains in its vend condition while the bypass switch assumes the open condition. In -the third condition 153, the condition of these switches of column 12 in Fig. 3, the actuator of the carrier switch remains engaged by the ]obe while the lobe has disengaged the actuator of the bypass switch. The carrier switch -thus assumes the drive condition while the bypass switch remains in its open condition. In the fourth condi-tion 154, which is the condi-tion in Fig. 4 of such switches corresponding to column 12, neither switch is engaged by the lobe so that the carrier switch remains in the drive condi-tion while the bypass switch assumes its closed condition. Because of the arrangement of the cam 140 and actuators 145 and 146, the first condition 151 is of rel.atively short dllration once the drive 70 is energized and a dispensing 7 ~ ~

cycle commences. The second condition 152 and the third condition 153 are also of relatively short dura-tion, while the fourth condi.-tion 154 subsis-ts for a substan--tially longer time and corresponds -to the por-tion of a dispensing cycle in which a malfunction Or -the dispensing mechanism is most likely to occur. Since -the f;rst three conditions are of short dura-tion, -the second, third, and four-th conditions are each entered subs-tantially immedi.ately after the preceding condi-tion :is entered.
OPERATION
The operation of the described embodiment of -the subject inven-tion is believed clearly apparent and is briefly described at this point. Ini-tially, it is assumed that the various elemen-ts oE -the systern 10, tne columns 11 through 13, and the coin mechanism 30 are in their respective conditions shown in Fig. 1. In this configuration the vend switch 50 is in its normal condi-tion so that its normally open terminal 53 is not energized.
Al.so the carrier switches 80 and the bypass switches 90 of each circuit 15 are in the first condition ]51 and all of the first sold-out switches 110 are closed. The above-.identified series connection to the con-trol terminal 41 of the credit relay 40 is thus partially complete from the source 35 through the conductors 95 and 96, -the carrier ~5 switches and the bypass switches in parallel, the conductor 97, -the first sol.d-out switches in parallel~ and the conductor 98. The credit relay is, however, deenergized and has assumed its cancel condition 43 since its control terminal is deenergized. This -termi.nal is deenergized because such series connection is open wi-thin -the relay between its terminals 46 and 48. As a resul-t, -the selec-tion swi-tc:hes 60 are deenergized, because -the switch 45 of the credit relay is open, so that it is not possible for a customer to initiate a vend cycle under -these condi-tionsu If sufficient coins are now deposited in the coin mechanism 30, the vend switch 50 is ac-tuated momen-tarily and connects its termina]s 53 and 54, so that the control te:rminal 41 of the credit relay 40 ;.s momentarily 7~

energized through the conduc-tor 52, the vend swi-tch, and the conductor 56. When the relay is energized it assumes its vend condition 42, connec-ting i-ts -terrninals 46 and 48 and completing the series connection which was described in the previous paragraph as beincJ open be-tw~en these terminals. The pa-th oE this connection is in heavy lines in Fig. 2 and is indicated therein by -the numeral 160. Such energization of the relay results in its being maintained in the vend condition, al-though the vend switch returns immediately to its normal position and opens -the connection through itself to i-ts con-trol terminal from the source 35. When the credit relay is in i-ts vend condition prior to the actuation of any selection switch by a customer, the selection switches 60 are all energized from the source in response to such vend condition. Such energization is accomplished through -the conductor 52, the normally closed terminal 54 of the vend swi-tch, the switch 45 of the credit relay and the conductors 65 and 66.
In Fig. 2 the system 10 is depic-ted in a state in which the product corresponding to column 12 has been selected by momentary actuation of the selection switch 60 corresponding to this column. It is seen that the drive 70 for this column is energized from the source 35 in response to the momentary condition of such switch through a path which is also in heavy lines in Fig. 2 and is indicated by the numeral 162. ~`his path includes, successively, the conductor 52, the -terminal 54 at the vend switch 50, the switch 45 of the credi-t relay 40, the conductor 65, the terminals 61 and 62 oE such selec-3~ tion switch, the drive motor conductor 126, -the second sold-out swi-tch 112, and the third drive conduc-tor 128.
When this drive is initially energized, the corresponding carrier switch 80 and bypass switch 90 are in their first condition 151. However, as soon as the drive is energized, the shafts 74 and 26 rotate, moving the cam 140 from its standby position 143 along the path 142 so that these switches assume their second condition 152 substantially immediately after such energization. Although the bypass switch corresponding to the column 12 assumed its open condi-tion 92 when it and -the corresponding carrier switch assumed their second condition 152, -the credit relay 40 remains energized and in its vend condi.-tion 42 because -the carrier switch remains in its vend condit;.on 34 and the path 160 is not opened.
As -the drive 70 continues to rota-te the cam ~L40, the third condi-tion 153 of the carri.er swi-tch 80 and the bypass switch 90 is entered, this condi-tion being shown in Fig. 3 for the elements associated with column 12. When the third condi-tion i.s elltered the carr;er switch assumes its drive cond.i-t:ion ~2 opening the connec-tion between its termlnals 83 and 85. The series connection from the source 35 to -the credit relay 4Q provided by -the path 160 shown in Fig. 2 is thereby opened since -the bypass switch is still in its open condition 92. The credit relay 40 is -thus deenergized and, accordingly, resumes its cancel condition 43. The open condition of the bypass switch thus provides for transition of the vend relay to the cancel condi-tion.
I-t can be seen that the credit relay 40 is deenergized, as just described, shortly after it is energized. As a result the period of energization of this relay is min-imized and its life is thereby lengthenedO When the cancel condition is resumed all of the selection switches 60 are deenergized by the opening of the switch 45. The energization of any one of the drives 70 by the corre-sponding one of these selection switches in response to the above defined momentary condition of such switch, in which the switch is energized and its terminals 61 and 62 are connected, is thereby terminated. Such de-energization and such termination of such rnomentary con-dition occur, of course, substantially simultaneously with the deenergization of the relay and its transition to -the cancel condition. The transition of the relay to the cancel condition is thus immedia-tely subsequen-t to such momentary condition, and it is apparent that the carrier switch is actuated to its drive condition a-t the termination of such momentary condition. It can be seen that such deenergiza-tion of the selection switches 7~7~

by -the credi-t relay assuming its cancel position prevents the energizatioll of any drive means by the corresponding selection swi-tch 60 until the vend rel,ay subsequently resumes its vend condition 42.
When a carrier swi-tch 80 assumes i.-ts drive condition 82 as just descri.bed, it te:rm:inates such momentary condition of the correspond;ng selec-tion swi,tch 60 by opening the series connection of tl-le path l.60 to -the vend relay 40. Substantial,ly simu]taneously, the carxier switch energizes the correspon(~:ing one of the drives 70 from the source 35 through a portion of this same connection. Such energization thus is i~unedia-tely subsequent to the momentary condition and/ as wi.ll be seen, exists during -the remaining por-tion of a cycle of the corresponding dispensing mechanism 25. It is evident that such energization of such one drive occurs through the vend conductor 95 and through the one or more vend conductors 96 disposed between -the common terminal 83 of the carrier switch 80 which is actuated to the drive condition 82 to energize the drive. Such energization also occurs through any o-ther carrier switch and any bypass switch 90 which are, respectively, in the vend condition 81 and the closed condition 91, and which are connected between such common terminal and the source 35 by such conductors. In Fig. 3, for example, the carrier switch corresponding to the co]umn 12 is in -the drive condition and is energized through a path 165 which is i.n heavy lines and is to the left of column 12.
This path extends sequentially from the source through the conductor 95, in parallel through the carrier switch 80 and the bypass switch 90 corresponding -to column 11, and through the one of the conductors 96 between these columns.
Since the drive 70 of a column undergoing a dispensing cycle remains energized, as just described, when the corresponding switches 80 and 90 assume the third condition 153, -the corresponding cam 140 contir.ues to ro-tate so that the switches assume their fourth con-dit;on 154. This condition is shown in Fig. 4 for such r~

switches of column 12 and is distingui.s}led from the third condition by the bypass switch 90 being actuated -to i-ts closed condition 91. It should be noted that, in Fig. 4, the cam is depicted as having rotated beyond its posi-tion a-t which the switches enter their fourth condition although the switches remain in this condition.
Such assumption of the four-th condition occurs substan-tially irnmediately after the -third condition wherein -the carrier switch 80 was actuated to -the drive condi-tion 82 and wherein the momen-tary energized condition of the selection switches 60 was termi.nated. Such closure of a bypass switch restores the series connec--tion of the path 160 from the source 35 -to the -terminal 46 of the credit relay 40 by bypassing -the corresponding carrier switch.
It is now assumed that a malfunction of the dispensing mechanism 25 of column 12 occurs and stalls the corresponding shaft 26 with the dispensing cycle incomplete and with the carrier switch 80 and the bypass switch 90 in their fourth condition 154 as represented in Fig. 4. It can b~ seen that, if a vending machine control system similar to the system 10 did not include such a bypass switch, a connection corresponding to the path 160 to a relay corresponding to the credit relay 40 would be open so that this relay could not maintain it-self in a condition cor.responding to the vend condition 42. A vending machine with such a system would not, therefore, have its switches correspondiny to the selec-tion switches 60 energizable and would be entirely dis-abled. ~lowever, with a vending machine provi.ded with thesystem 10 of the present invention the connection of the pa-th 160 is compl.ete to the credit re].ay, -the system thus having a bypass for such a malfunction and providing for the vending of products from a dispensing mechanism other 3~ than that in which the malfunction occurred. Therefore, with the system 10, deposit of sufficien-t Eunds sub-sequent to such malfunction in one column results in the credit relay 40 being maintained in i-ts vend condition subsequent to its transition -to the cancel condition 43 77~

clur:iny the dispenslng cycle of the malfuncti.oning column.
'rhe credit relay is so maintained al-though the carrier switch 80 of such column rernains in its dri.ve condi-t;on because the cycle o:E the dispensing mech(~ ;sm 25 of the co]umn is incomplete.
When it is desired, after s~lch a ma]fullction in one of the columns 11 through 13, to dispense a pro-duct from another of the colurnns, -the sys-tem assumes a condition typified by i-ts condition in F'ig. 4. In this figure, column 13 i.s represen-ted as commencing a dispensing cycle and column 12 is represen-ted as having malfunctioned as above described. It will be noted that the selecti.on switch 60 corresponding -to column 13 is in its momentary position. The drive 70 of -this column is thereby energized because the credit relay 40 is maintained in its vend condition 42 through the path 160 which is comple-ted through -the bypass switch 90 correspondiny to the malfunctioned column 12. It will be no-ted that a connec-tion through this bypass switch serves to energize the drive 70 corresponding to colurnn 13 when -the carrier switch and the bypass switch corresponding -to column 13 subsequently enter their third concliti.on 153 and -their fourth condition 154 and when this drive is no longer energized by the momentary condition of the corresponding selection switch 60. I-t is apparent that such energiza-tion of the drive of column 1.3 occurs from the source 35 through the carrier switch and the bypass switch corre-sponding to column 11 and through the bypass swi-tch corresponding to column 12. It is also apparent that these three switches are connected between the source and -the common terminal of the carri.er switch corre-sponding to column 13 by the first vend conductor 95 and the pair of the second vend conductors 96 which extend, respectively, between the circuits 15 of columns 11 and 12 and between these circuits of columns 12 and 13.
IIowever, if there is no malfunction of a dis-pensing mechanism 25 during its dispensi.ng cycle, the corresponding drive 70 continues -to rota-te the associated i7~7~

shafts 26 and 74 and cam 140 until the cycle is complete.
The cam is -then substantially in its s-tandby position 143 so that the corresponding carrier switch 80 and bypass switch 90 assume their first condi-tion 151.
The bypass swi-tch thus remains in its closed condi-tion 91 while the carrier swi-tch re-turns to its vend condi-tion 81, disconnecting the corresponding third drive conduc-tor 128 from the path l60 and -thereby (~eenergizing the clrive so that such shafts cease to ro-tate and the dispensing mechanism and the cam remain in -their respec--tive standby condi-tions. The system 10 is -thereby res-tored to its condition depicted in Fig. 1 in which a dispensing cycle is completed and in which there is no malfunction.
As each dispensing mechanism 25 and the asso-]5 ciated cam 140 go through their respective cycles, thecorresponding circuit 15 energizes its sold-out signal 120 r although -the corresponding storage apparatus 20 is not empty, in a manner and for a purpose now to be des-cribed. Referring to Fig. 2, wherein the carrier switch 80 and the bypass switch 90 corresponding to column 12 are in their second condition 152, it is seen -that the - corresponding sold-out signal is energized, as indica-ted by the numeral 170 This signal is energized through the momentary terminal 62 of the corresponding selection switch 60 and first drive conductor 126. In Figs. 3 and 4, wherein this carrier switch and bypass switch are depicted, respectively, in their third condi-tion 153 and their fourth condition 154, it is seen -tha-t the sold-out signal remains energized as indicated by the numeral 171.
The signal remains energized since the carrier switch is in its drive condition 82 so as to energize the third drive conductor 128 and the corresponding drive 70.
Because the corresponding apparatus 20 is not empty, the second sold-out switch 112 connects the energized third drive conductor to the first drive conductor through the terminals 116 and 115, energizing the sold-out signal although the column is not empty. As a result, if a mal-function occurs in one of the columns 11 through 13, when the switches 80 and 90 thereof are in their third 7~

or their fourth condition, and s-ta]ls lhe drive 70 of the co~Lumn, the corresponding sol.d-out s;gllal rcmains energized. The fourth condition exi.sts d~]ring the long-est portion of a vend cycle, the above described rcmain-ing po:rtion, and this is the portion of a cyc:le duringwhich a malfu:ncti.on in one of the co1.u1llns :i.s bypasscd by the system 10. As a resu:lt of the above described connec-tions to the sold-ou-t signals, customers are al.erted, prior to deposit of coins in the coin mechanism 30, tha-t the product corresponding to a column W}liCh has mal-functioned and has been bypassed is not available.
Although the i.nvention has been herein shown and dcscribed in what is conceived to be -the rnost practical and preferred embodiment, it is recognized -that departures may be made therefrom wi-thin -the scope of the invention, which is not to be ]imited to the illus-trative details disclosed.

Claims (9)

-23-

1. A control system for a multiple column vending machine in which each column is adapted to dis-pense a respective product and is subject to possible mal-function during such dispensing, the system having a bypass for such malfunction and comprising:
A. credit means having a vend condition corresponding to the deposit of sufficient funds for vending a product and a cancel condition corresponding to the cancellation of credit;
B. a plurality of electrically energiza-ble selection means, each selection means individually corresponding to one column and having a customer selected momentary condition;
C. a plurality of electrically powered drive means individually, operatively and mechanically connected to the columns, each drive means having a dispensing cycle by which a product is dispensed from the corresponding column, progress of such means through the cycle being stalled by such malfunction;
D. a plurality of circuits individually related to the columns, each circuit including (1) selection conductor means for energizing the corresponding drive means from the corresponding selection means in response to the momentary condition of such selection means, (2) carrier switching means having a vend condition for maintaining the credit means in the vend condition thereof during an initial portion of the dispensing cycle while the corresponding drive means is energized in response to the momentary condition of the corresponding selection means and having a drive condition for energizing the drive means immediately subsequent to said momentary condition and during the remaining portion of such a cycle and for transitioning the credit means from the vend condition thereof to the cancel condition immediately subsequent to said momentary con-dition, and (3) bypass switching means having a cancel condition for transition of the credit means from the credit condition to the cancel condition and a bypass condition for maintaining the credit means in the vend condition thereof subsequent to such transition when such vend condition occurs and when the first switching means is in the drive condition due to such malfunction; and E. a plurality of actuating means in-dividually related to the columns for actuating the carrier switching means and the bypass switching means of the corresponding circuits, each actuating means being driven by the corresponding drive means in a cycle corresponding to the dispensing cycle thereof.

2. The control system of Claim 1 in which the actuating means is a cam.

3. The system of Claim 1 wherein the plurality of selection means A. are energized in response to the vend condition of the credit means and B. are deenergized in response to the cancel condition of the credit means, terminating energi-zation of the selection means and thereby terminating the energization of any drive means in response to the momentary condition of the corresponding one of the selection means substantially simultaneously with the transition of the credit means to the cancel condition.

4. The system of Claim 3 wherein each drive means is only energizable by the corresponding selection conductor means and in response to the drive condition of the corresponding carrier switching means.

5. The system of Claim 1 wherein the carrier switching means and the bypass switching means of each circuit are connected in parallel and such parallel con-nected means of the circuits are included in a series connection to the credit means, the connection maintaining the credit means in the vend condition thereof when said connection is complete and the credit means assumes the cancel condition when such connection is open.

6. The system of Claim 5 wherein such a mal-function can occur in one column during said remaining portion of the corresponding dispensing cycle preventing completion of the cycle and it is desired to dispense products from another column upon deposit of sufficient funds subsequent to the malfunction in the one column;
wherein transition of each carrier switching means to the vend condition deenergizes the corresponding drive means;
and wherein each actuating means actuates the corresponding carrier switching means and the corresponding bypass switch-ing means in a sequence wherein:
A. when the momentary condition of the corresponding selection means is selected, such carrier switching means is in the vend condition and such bypass switching means is in the bypass condition;
B. while the momentary condition of such selection means remains selected, such bypass switching means is actuated to the cancel condition, the credit means being maintained in the credit condition by the vend con-dition of such carrier switching means;
C. at the termination of the momentary condition, such carrier switching means is actuated to the drive condition and opens said series connection so that the credit means assumes the cancel condition;
D. immediately subsequent to the termina-tion of the momentary condition, such bypass switching means is actuated to the bypass position restoring said series connection so as to maintain the credit means in the vend condition upon such a malfunction of one column and such a subsequent deposit; and E. when there is no such malfunction, such carrier switching means is actuated to the vend con-dition while such bypass switching means remains in the bypass condition, thereby completing a dispensing cycle.

7. A control system for a vending machine, the machine having a plurality of mechanisms for dispensing items of a corresponding plurality of products and indi-vidually subject to possible malfunction as an item is dispensed; a plurality of electric drives individual to the mechanisms, each drive being electrically energizable to drive the corresponding mechanism in a cycle for dispensing one such item, the cycle commencing at a standby condition of the mechanism and each drive including an element having a predetermined movement during the cycle which movement is incomplete when such a malfunction occurs; a coin mechanism momentarily actuated by the deposit of sufficient funds to vend one such item; and a connection for a source of electrical energy, the control.
system having a bypass for such malfunctions and com-prising:
A. a plurality of momentary, customer actuatable selection switches individual to the products, each switch assuming a momentary closed condition when the switch is actuated;
B. a credit relay having a control terminal, selection switching means, and latch switching means, the relay assuming a vend condition when said terminal is energized and a cancel condition when said terminal is deenergized and both of said switching means being closed in the vend condition and open in the cancel condition;
C. a vend switch operably connected to the coin mechanism, said switch being normally open and being momentarily actuated to a closed condition when said mechanism is momentarily actuated and being electri-cally connected between the source and the control ter-minal of the credit relay so that the control terminal is momentarily energized through the vend switch when the coin mechanism is actuated by such deposit;
D. a plurality of carrier switches corresponding individually to the dispensing mechanisms, each carrier switch having a common terminal, a drive terminal, and a vend terminal and being selectively actuat-able between a vend condition in which the common terminal is connected to the vend terminal and disconnected from the drive terminal, and a drive condition in which the common terminal is connected to the drive terminal and disconnected from the vend terminal;
E. a plurality of bypass switches corre-sponding individually to the dispensing mechanisms, each bypass switch being selectively actuatable between a closed condition and an open condition and being connected between the common terminal and the vend terminal of the corre-sponding carrier switch so that such common terminal and such vend terminal are electrically connected when the bypass switch is in the closed condition;
F. vend conductor means for establishing a series connection from the source through the carrier switches and the latch switching means of the credit relay to the control terminal thereof, said connection being from the source successively through the common terminal and the vend terminal of each carrier switch so that the series connection is opened when any carrier switch is in the drive condition and the bypass switch corresponding thereto is in the open condition and so that the connection is closed when the credit relay is in the vend condition thereof and when the common terminal of every carrier switch is connected to the vend terminal thereof;
G. selection conductor means for connect-ing the source through the selection switching means of the credit relay to the selection switches so that the selection switches are disconnected from the source when the credit relay is in the cancel condition and are energizable from the source when the credit relay is in the vend condition thereof;
H. a plurality of drive conductor means corresponding individually to the dispensing mechanisms, each drive conductor means connecting the corresponding electric drive to the corresponding selection switch, so that the drive is energizable through such switch when such switch is energized and is in the momentary position, and to the drive terminal of the corresponding carrier switch, so that the drive is energizable through the vend conductor means when such carrier switch is in the drive condition; and I. a plurality of cam means individually corresponding to the dispensing mechanisms for actuating the carrier switches and the bypass switches, each cam means including a cam motivated by said element of the corresponding drive mechanism to move in a path which corresponds to said cycle of the corresponding dispensing mechanism, the path commencing at a standby position of the cam which corresponds to said standby condition of the dispensing mechanism and in which the cam actuates the corresponding carrier switch to the vend condition and the corresponding bypass switch to the closed position, so that, the vend switch being open, the credit relay being in the cancel condition, and the connection of the source to the input terminal of the credit relay being complete from the source through the common terminals and the vend terminals of the carrier switches to the latch switching means of the credit relay, such deposit of funds actuates the vend switch to the closed condition, energizing the control terminal of the credit relay through the vend switch so that the credit relay assumes the vend condition thereof closing the latch switching means and completing said connection so that the credit relay remains in the vend condition and the selection switches are energized through the selection conductor means when the vend switch subsequently opens so that customer actuation of the selection switch connects the corresponding drive to the source through said switch and so that the corresponding cam moves in the path thereof from the standby position actuating the corresponding carrier switch and the corre-sponding bypass switch in a sequence wherein (1) said bypass switch is actuated to the open position substantially immediately after said cam moves from the standby position, (2) substantially immediately after the bypass switch is so actuated to the open position, said carrier switch is actuated to the drive condition so that said series connec-tion from the source to the control terminal of the vend relay is opened between the common terminal and the vend terminal of said carrier switch and the vend relay assumes the cancel condition opening the selection switching means and deenergizing the connection of said drive means to the source through the actuated selec-tion switch to prevent energization of any other drive means by the selection switch corresponding thereto until the vend relay again assumes the vend condition and so that, substantially simul-taneously with such opening of said series con-nection, said drive is energized from the source through the vend conductor means and through any carrier switch and any bypass switch which is, respectively, in the vend condition and the closed condition and which is connected by such con-ductor means between the source and the common terminal of said carrier switch actuated to the drive condition, (3) substantially immediately after the carrier switch is so actuated to the drive condition said bypass switch is actuated to the closed condition so that, when such a malfunction subsequently occurs in the corresponding dispen-sing mechanism and said cycle thereof is in-complete, said series connection is completable through the corresponding bypass switch so that products are vendable by the other of the dis-pensing mechanisms although the carrier switch corresponding to the malfunctioning mechanism remains in the drive condition thereof and the cycle of such malfunctioning mechanism is in-complete, and (4) when the cycle of the dispensing means corresponding to said cam is complete and said cam returns substantially to the stand-by position thereof, said carrier switch is actuated to the vend condition opening the connection from the source to said drive means through the series connection established by the vend conductor and deenergizing said drive means when the corresponding mechanism is sub-stantially at the standby condition thereof.

8. The system of Claim 7 wherein the machine has an apparatus storing a plurality of said items for dis-pensing by one of the mechanisms; wherein the system further comprises a customer signal, which is electrically energizable to indicate that the apparatus is empty of said items, and sold-out switching means, which has a com-mon terminal, a product available terminal, and a sold-out terminal and is operably connected to the apparatus, for connecting the common terminal to the product availa-ble terminal and disconnecting the common terminal from the sold-out terminal when an item is stored in the appa-ratus and for disconnecting the common terminal from the product available terminal and connecting the common ter-minal to the sold-out terminal when the apparatus is empty of said items; and wherein the drive conductor means includes:
A. a first conductor connecting the common terminal and the signal;
B. a second conductor connecting the sold-out terminal and the vend terminal of the carrier switch corresponding to said one of the mechanisms so that, when the apparatus is empty and when such vend terminal is energized from the source through the vend conductor means, the signal is energizable from such vend terminal through the second conductor, the sold-out switch, and the first conductor, and C. a third conductor connecting the drive terminal of such carrier switch and the product available terminal so that the signal is energized from such drive terminal through the third conductor, the sold-out switching means, and the first conductor when the corresponding drive is energized from such drive terminal and when the apparatus is not empty, the signal thereby indicating that the apparatus is empty when the corresponding dispensing mechanism malfunctions at a point in the cycle thereof when such carrier switch is in the drive condition although the apparatus is not empty.

9. The apparatus of Claim 8 wherein said first conductor interconnects the common terminal of the sold-out switching means and the signal to the one of the selection switches corresponding to said one of the mechanisms and wherein the third conductor interconnects the product available terminal and such drive terminal to drive corresponding to said one mechanism, so that the drive is energizable from such selection switch in the momentary condition thereof through the first conductor, the sold-out switch, and the third conductor when an item is stored in the apparatus and the drive is disconnected from such selection switch by the sold-out switch when the apparatus is empty.