CA1186722A - Color image display apparatus - Google Patents
Color image display apparatusInfo
- Publication number
- CA1186722A CA1186722A CA000395241A CA395241A CA1186722A CA 1186722 A CA1186722 A CA 1186722A CA 000395241 A CA000395241 A CA 000395241A CA 395241 A CA395241 A CA 395241A CA 1186722 A CA1186722 A CA 1186722A
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- color
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- vertical deflection
- display apparatus
- electron beam
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Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A flat type color display apparatus includes a phosphor screen and 15 horizontal line cathodes activated in turn from top to bottom. An electron beam control means and a beam deflection means are provided. Each horizontal line cathode emits a horizontal sheet-shaped electron beam which is vertically deflected in 16 steps, and is divided into 320 rod-shaped electron beams by 320 vertically oblong slits and individually controlled in intensity by 320 beam-control electrodes. The rod-shaped electron beams are horizontally deflected, each impinging on the respective R, G and B vertical phosphor stripes in turn. In operation the R, G and B video signals are sampled and held in R, G and B parts of 320 sample-hold circuits, then stored simultaneously in 320 memories for the respective colors, and time sharingly applied to the respective beam-control electrodes in synchronism with the horizontal beam deflection. A color video image is thereby displayed of 240 lines each having 320 picture elements.
A flat type color display apparatus includes a phosphor screen and 15 horizontal line cathodes activated in turn from top to bottom. An electron beam control means and a beam deflection means are provided. Each horizontal line cathode emits a horizontal sheet-shaped electron beam which is vertically deflected in 16 steps, and is divided into 320 rod-shaped electron beams by 320 vertically oblong slits and individually controlled in intensity by 320 beam-control electrodes. The rod-shaped electron beams are horizontally deflected, each impinging on the respective R, G and B vertical phosphor stripes in turn. In operation the R, G and B video signals are sampled and held in R, G and B parts of 320 sample-hold circuits, then stored simultaneously in 320 memories for the respective colors, and time sharingly applied to the respective beam-control electrodes in synchronism with the horizontal beam deflection. A color video image is thereby displayed of 240 lines each having 320 picture elements.
Description
72~
Title _f_the Invention Color image display appa.ratus Background of the Invention 1. Field of the Ihvention:
The present invention relates to a color image display apparatus comprising a fla~ displaying appara~us with a number of (for example fifteen) line ca~hodes, More particularly, the present invention concerns a color image display apparatus fox displaying a color image by means of a color phosphor screen and a plural number of parallel disposed line cathodes.
Title _f_the Invention Color image display appa.ratus Background of the Invention 1. Field of the Ihvention:
The present invention relates to a color image display apparatus comprising a fla~ displaying appara~us with a number of (for example fifteen) line ca~hodes, More particularly, the present invention concerns a color image display apparatus fox displaying a color image by means of a color phosphor screen and a plural number of parallel disposed line cathodes.
2. Description of the Prior Art:
Hitherto, for a color image display apparatus for a color television set, a color cathode-ray tube having three elec-tron guns or a single electron gun set in a neck part of a bulky cone shaped vacuum enclosure has been used for a long time. The shortcoming of the conventional color cathode ray tube is a laxge depth in comparison with the size of the screen face, preventing the provision of a fla~ and compact television s~t. Though EL
display apparatus, plasma display apparatus and liquid crystal display apparatus has been developed, these are not sufficient for practical use because they have problems in brightness, contrast or color display.
7~;~
It is an object of the present invention to provide a color image display apparat~s with a flat shaped display apparatus.
More particularly in accordance with one aspect of the in~ention there is provided, a color imQge display apparatus comprising:
a color phosphor screen comprising, a first predetermined number of vertically extending horizontally arranged sections, said horizontally arranged sect1ons being vertically subdivided into a predetermined nu~ber of vertically arranged segments, whereby each segment comprise~ a said first predetermined numbe~ of said subdivided sections arranged horizontslly, each subdivided section al.so comprising a set of regions each of a prima~ily color phosphor, an electron be~m source for each vertically arranged segm~nt or emitting a hori~ontal row of electron beams7 the row having said first predetermined number of said electron beams, each beam corresponding to a respective said subdivided sectlon, a hori~ontal deflection means or directing each said electron beam onto the respective primary color phosphors in its respective subdivided section in turn, thereby simultaneously activating in turn correspondiDg primary color phosphors in each o said subdivided sections, and producing one horizontal line on snid screen, a vertical cle~l~ction means for deflecting each respective horizontal row of electr3n beams of each vertically arran~ed segment to thereby produce in turn a plurality of said horizontal lines in each respective vertically arranged segment, an electron beam control means for simultaneously controlling the intensities of the respective electron b~a~s in ~c¢ordance with a resp~ctive color video signal for each selected primary color to produce a line-at-a-time display o a color video picture, a vacuum enclosure containing said electron beam source, said electron beam control means, said horizontal and sRid vertical deflection means therein, one end Pace oP said enclosure forming a screen face at whlch said color phosphor screen is proYided, and a saMple-hold means for sample-holding in turn said respective color video signals for each horizontally arranged section, a mamory Por storing output signals of each said sample-hold means, and elect~onlc s~itch means for 2~
simultaneously feeding signals, for in turn selected primacy colors, out of sa;cl memory tD respective said electron beam control means to produce said line-at-a-time display.
In accordance with a second aspect of the invention there is provided, a color image display apparatus comprising:
a color pho~phor screen comprisin~ a multiplicity of vertically disposed rows o~ horizontally arran~ed sections r each ssction being subdivided into a respective region of red phosphor, green phosphor and blue phosphor, ve2tically disposed groups of said rows of sections for~ing resp0ctive vertically arranged segments, electron beam source means comprising a respectivs horizont~l row of electFon beams for each segment, vertical deflection electrodes for each said respective row of electron beams for thereby displayin~ in turn each row of said sections in each respective said segment, horizontal deflection electrodes for horizontally deflecting said electron beam~ for each resp2ctive segment, thereby making the electron beams impinge individually on the subdivided color pbosphor regions in turn in respective said sections in each row of sections, electron beam control means for controlling the intensities of the respective electron beams in accordance with a respective input color video signal, thereby to display a color video ima8e on said phosphor screen, said electron beam control means comprising a sa~ple-hold means for s~mple-holding in turn respective color video si~nals for each said horizontally arrangad section, a memory for storing output si~nals of each of said sample-hold means, and an electronic switch means for simultaneously feeding sigaals for in turn selected red, gr~en and blue colors out of said memory to respective said electron beam control means, to produce a line-at-a-time display.
Specific embodiments of the invention will now be describ~d having refQrence to the accompanying drawings in which, Pi~ure 1 is an exploded perspective vie~ of a principal part, with its vacuum enclosure removed, of a video image display apparatus embodying the present invention, expanded o~ its size in the hori~ontal direction enlarged in comparison with the vertical direction ~or easier drawing oP minute constructioas, ~6~
1 FIG. ~ is a schematic front view of a phosphor screen of the apparatus of FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is a circuit block diagram showing a fundamental electric construction of the appara-tus of FIG. 1, FIG. ~ is a circuit diagram showing an example of a ver-tical deflect on driver 27, FIG. 5 is a schematic side view sho-wing a relation between vertical deflection electrodes and 10 phosphor screen, ~ IG. 6 iS a schematic front view of a displayed ras-ter on the phosphor screen for illustrating error and correc-tion of the horizontal lines on the raster, and FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a part of a modified example of a vertical deflection electrodes of the apparatus.
~escription of the Preferred Embodiments One preferred example of the present invention ~0 is shown in FIG. 1, wherein from the back part to front part -the following components are provided in a flat ~.
box shaped evacuated envelope not shown here, but pre-ferably made of glass-a back electrode 1 having horizontal isolation wal:Ls 101, 101 ... projecting perpendicularly there~rom .. .. - . ~ . . . . . . , I
~G~
1 forming isolated spaces 102, 102 .... therein, a row of a predetermined number (e.y. 15 in this embodiment) of horizontal line cathodes 201, 202, ...
disposed substantially horizontally in the isolated spaces 102, 102 ....
a vertical beam~focussing electrode 3 having the predetermined number (e.g. 15 in this embodiment) of horizontal slits 10, a first vertieal deflection means 4 comprising lo the predetermined number of pair of vertical deflection electrodes 13', 13 ..., held by insulator board 12.
Each pair of vertical defleetion eleetrodes comprises an upper electrode 13 and a lower electrode 13' both disposed subs-tantially horizontal and defining a deflec-tion space inbetween disposed before the corresponding horizontal slit 10, a second vertical beam~focussing electrode
Hitherto, for a color image display apparatus for a color television set, a color cathode-ray tube having three elec-tron guns or a single electron gun set in a neck part of a bulky cone shaped vacuum enclosure has been used for a long time. The shortcoming of the conventional color cathode ray tube is a laxge depth in comparison with the size of the screen face, preventing the provision of a fla~ and compact television s~t. Though EL
display apparatus, plasma display apparatus and liquid crystal display apparatus has been developed, these are not sufficient for practical use because they have problems in brightness, contrast or color display.
7~;~
It is an object of the present invention to provide a color image display apparat~s with a flat shaped display apparatus.
More particularly in accordance with one aspect of the in~ention there is provided, a color imQge display apparatus comprising:
a color phosphor screen comprising, a first predetermined number of vertically extending horizontally arranged sections, said horizontally arranged sect1ons being vertically subdivided into a predetermined nu~ber of vertically arranged segments, whereby each segment comprise~ a said first predetermined numbe~ of said subdivided sections arranged horizontslly, each subdivided section al.so comprising a set of regions each of a prima~ily color phosphor, an electron be~m source for each vertically arranged segm~nt or emitting a hori~ontal row of electron beams7 the row having said first predetermined number of said electron beams, each beam corresponding to a respective said subdivided sectlon, a hori~ontal deflection means or directing each said electron beam onto the respective primary color phosphors in its respective subdivided section in turn, thereby simultaneously activating in turn correspondiDg primary color phosphors in each o said subdivided sections, and producing one horizontal line on snid screen, a vertical cle~l~ction means for deflecting each respective horizontal row of electr3n beams of each vertically arran~ed segment to thereby produce in turn a plurality of said horizontal lines in each respective vertically arranged segment, an electron beam control means for simultaneously controlling the intensities of the respective electron b~a~s in ~c¢ordance with a resp~ctive color video signal for each selected primary color to produce a line-at-a-time display o a color video picture, a vacuum enclosure containing said electron beam source, said electron beam control means, said horizontal and sRid vertical deflection means therein, one end Pace oP said enclosure forming a screen face at whlch said color phosphor screen is proYided, and a saMple-hold means for sample-holding in turn said respective color video signals for each horizontally arranged section, a mamory Por storing output signals of each said sample-hold means, and elect~onlc s~itch means for 2~
simultaneously feeding signals, for in turn selected primacy colors, out of sa;cl memory tD respective said electron beam control means to produce said line-at-a-time display.
In accordance with a second aspect of the invention there is provided, a color image display apparatus comprising:
a color pho~phor screen comprisin~ a multiplicity of vertically disposed rows o~ horizontally arran~ed sections r each ssction being subdivided into a respective region of red phosphor, green phosphor and blue phosphor, ve2tically disposed groups of said rows of sections for~ing resp0ctive vertically arranged segments, electron beam source means comprising a respectivs horizont~l row of electFon beams for each segment, vertical deflection electrodes for each said respective row of electron beams for thereby displayin~ in turn each row of said sections in each respective said segment, horizontal deflection electrodes for horizontally deflecting said electron beam~ for each resp2ctive segment, thereby making the electron beams impinge individually on the subdivided color pbosphor regions in turn in respective said sections in each row of sections, electron beam control means for controlling the intensities of the respective electron beams in accordance with a respective input color video signal, thereby to display a color video ima8e on said phosphor screen, said electron beam control means comprising a sa~ple-hold means for s~mple-holding in turn respective color video si~nals for each said horizontally arrangad section, a memory for storing output si~nals of each of said sample-hold means, and an electronic switch means for simultaneously feeding sigaals for in turn selected red, gr~en and blue colors out of said memory to respective said electron beam control means, to produce a line-at-a-time display.
Specific embodiments of the invention will now be describ~d having refQrence to the accompanying drawings in which, Pi~ure 1 is an exploded perspective vie~ of a principal part, with its vacuum enclosure removed, of a video image display apparatus embodying the present invention, expanded o~ its size in the hori~ontal direction enlarged in comparison with the vertical direction ~or easier drawing oP minute constructioas, ~6~
1 FIG. ~ is a schematic front view of a phosphor screen of the apparatus of FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is a circuit block diagram showing a fundamental electric construction of the appara-tus of FIG. 1, FIG. ~ is a circuit diagram showing an example of a ver-tical deflect on driver 27, FIG. 5 is a schematic side view sho-wing a relation between vertical deflection electrodes and 10 phosphor screen, ~ IG. 6 iS a schematic front view of a displayed ras-ter on the phosphor screen for illustrating error and correc-tion of the horizontal lines on the raster, and FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a part of a modified example of a vertical deflection electrodes of the apparatus.
~escription of the Preferred Embodiments One preferred example of the present invention ~0 is shown in FIG. 1, wherein from the back part to front part -the following components are provided in a flat ~.
box shaped evacuated envelope not shown here, but pre-ferably made of glass-a back electrode 1 having horizontal isolation wal:Ls 101, 101 ... projecting perpendicularly there~rom .. .. - . ~ . . . . . . , I
~G~
1 forming isolated spaces 102, 102 .... therein, a row of a predetermined number (e.y. 15 in this embodiment) of horizontal line cathodes 201, 202, ...
disposed substantially horizontally in the isolated spaces 102, 102 ....
a vertical beam~focussing electrode 3 having the predetermined number (e.g. 15 in this embodiment) of horizontal slits 10, a first vertieal deflection means 4 comprising lo the predetermined number of pair of vertical deflection electrodes 13', 13 ..., held by insulator board 12.
Each pair of vertical defleetion eleetrodes comprises an upper electrode 13 and a lower electrode 13' both disposed subs-tantially horizontal and defining a deflec-tion space inbetween disposed before the corresponding horizontal slit 10, a second vertical beam~focussing electrode
3' substantially similar- to the horizontal beam- .
focussing electrode~6,-a predeterrnined large number (e.g. 320 for this embodiment) of beam eontrol electrodes 5 consisting of vertical strip eleetrodes 151, 152 -- 15320 each having beam-passing slits 14, 14 ~O disposed with uniform pitch, a horizonta.l beam-focussing electrode 6 1 having the predetermined number (e.g. 320 for -this embodiment) of vertical slits at positions in front of the slits 14,14,... of the beam control elec-trodes 5, 5 ....
a horizontal deflection means 7 comprising the predetermined number (e.g. 320 for this example) of vertical strip electrodes 18, 18', 18, 18' ... defining the predetermined number (e.g. 320 for this example) of vertically oblong deflection gaps inbetween, lo a beam acceleration means 8 consisting of a set of horizontally disposed electrodes 19, 19 ....
and finally a phosphor screen 9, which is ordinarily provided on the inner wall of a front face of the enclosure.
The line cathodes 201, 202 ... form electron beam source 2/ wherein horizontal line cathodes are disposed forming a vertical row, with substantially uniform gaps with ëach other. In this example, as above-mentioned 15 line cathodes 201, 202 ... 215 are provided, 20 but only four of them are shown. The line ca-thodes are made by coating a tungsten wire of, or example, 10 - 20~m diameter with known -electron emitting cathode oxide. All the line cathodes are heated by feeding current thereto, and selective in-turn taking out of horizontal sheet shaped electron beam from selected one of the line cathode 1 is done by changing a potential of the in-turn selected line cathode to negative with respect to the poten-tial of the focussing electrode 3.
The back electrode 1 serves to suppress emis-sions of electrons from other line cathodes than the selected one and also expel the electrons from the selected cathode to its front direction. The back electrode 1 may be formed by attaching conductive sub-stance such as conductive paint on the inner wall of lO the back ace of the flat type vacuum enclosure. A flat plane shaped cathode may be used in place of the row of the line electrode 201, 202 ... .
The first vertical beam-focussing elec-trode 3 have the slits 10 at the position to -face the line cathodes 201, 202 ... and is impressed with a DC voltage, therefore horizontal sheet shaped electron beam from a selected line cathode is formed.
The sheet shaped electron beam is then divided into a large number (e.g. 320 in this example) of narrow 20 electron beams by passing through the second vertical beam~focussing electrode 3', the control electrode 5 and horizontal focussing elec-trode 6. In FIG. 1, only one such narrow elec-tron beam is shcwn for slmplicity. Each slit 10 may have supporting ribs in midway part of-the length, or further may consists of a large number (e.g. 320) of openings with very narrow rib par-ts 301 inbe-tweenO
The el.ectrodes 13, 13' of the ver-tical deflec-tion means 4 are disposed at levels of subs-tantialiy the centers between vertically neighboring two horizon-tal slits 10, 10 of the vertical focussing electrode 3~
and a lower e].ectrode 13 and an upper electrode 13~ are held on both faces (upper and lower faces) o-f an insula--tion board 12. A changing voitage (a vertical deflection signal) is impressed across the pair of upper electrode lo and lower electrode of each pair thereby forming changing elec-tric field for vertical deElection. In this example, as has been elucidated, by impressing the 16-s-tep chang-ing voltage across the pair electrodes, each electron beam is deflec-ted in a manner to have 16 levels~ ~nd the same matter ta~es place in each of 15 ver-tically divided segments 221, 222, 223 .... 235 on the phosphor screen. Accordingly, the phosphor screen 9 has 240 horizontal lines in total (16 lines x 15 segments = 240 1 ine s ) O
The beam control electrodes 5 comprising 320 strip electrodes 151, 152... 15320 together with the horizontal beam-focussing electrode 6 divide the horizontal sheet shaped electron beam into 320 rod shaped electron beams/ and each strip electrodes 151, 152... 15320 of the beam control electrodes 5 control in-tensi-ties of , . . .. .. . , _ . ...
r5~
1 the rod shaped electron beams responding to the informa-tion of the video signal. Therefore, the 320 strip electrodes control informa-tion of 320 picture elements on each horizontal line. I`he 320 beam control electrodes receive 320 control signals respectively and controls the 320 rod beams in such a manner as, at one time for red color irradiation, at one time for green color irradiation ~d at one time for blue color irradiation, in -turn. In order to display color picture on the color phosphor screen with the control signals applied to the beam control electrodes, each picture elemient con~
lo prises three elementary color regions, namely red strip region, green strip region and blue strip region, which are disposed in horizontal direction.
The feature of the present embodiment is that all the 320 ber~m control electrodes 151, 152 ..~ 15320 receive the beam control signals for displaying respective three primary colors, i.e., red and blue or green, at a same time. That is, at one moment, one horiæontal line on the phosphor screen displays an image of red color parts and blue color parts of the line by impingements of red phosphor regions by odd number electron beams and impingements 20 of blue phosphor regions by even number electron beams, at the next mo~ient an image of green color part of the line, and a-t the next moment an image of red color parts and blue color part of the line by impingements of red color phosphors regions by even n~b~r elec-tron beam~s and :Lmpingements of blue color phosphor regions by odd number electron beams. In this apparatus, the odd number 1 elec-tronic switches 351~ 353~ 355 ... 3515 switch to feed signal in the order of R, G and B, and the even number electronic switches 352' 354 3514 swi-tch in the order of Bl G and R.
The horizontal beam-focussing electrode 6 is imrpressed wi-th a DC voltage and focusses the rod shaped electron heams in horizontal direction.
The horizontal deflection means 7 comprises strip elec-trodes 18, 18' .~. which are disposed at the positions in front of center positions between neighboring slits 16, 16 of the horizontal beamrfocussing electrode 6. Each of the strip electrodes pair 18, 18' is impressed with 3-level changing voltage or a horizontal deflection signal, and horizon-tally deflects rod shaped electron beams, thereby making the rod shaped electron beams selectively impinge red p~losphor regions, green phosphor regions or blue phosphor regions in turn.
In the example, where a horizontal rcw of 320 rod shaped electron beams impinge 320 sets of three primary color regions, one horizontal deflection range corresponds -to one hori-zontal picture element width.
The horizontally disposed electrodes of the ~eam~
acceleration means 8 are dispose at ~he height l.evel corresponding to those of the composite body of vertical deflection el.ectrodes 13 and 13' and are impressed with a DC voltage.
The phosphor screen 9 may be provided with known metal back layer (not shown) formed on the side of cathodes and a positive 1 DC voltage is impressed thereon. In practical example, the phosphor regions are Eormed vertically oblong strips of red color phosphor, green color phosphor and blue color phosphor. In FIG. 1, horizontal broken lines on the phosphor screen 9 show bo~mdary lines between neighboring vertically divided segments to be impinged by electron beams of respective line cathodes. Vertical chain lines on the phosphor screen 9 shown boundary lines between horizontally neighboring sets of three primary color phosphor strips.
A small segment 20, which is defined by two neighboring vertical chain lines and two neighboring horizontal bxoken lines, is shcwn enlarged in schematic view of FIG. 2, whe.rein the small se~Jr.ent 20 has 16 horizontal lines in vertical row. In an actual example, one segment has the size of 16mm high in ver-tical direc-tion and lmm width in horizontal direction, and in FIG. 1 the sizes are shown enlarged in widthwise direc--tion as has been mentioned.
. Apar-t from the above-mentioned example where 320 sets of three primary color phosphor regions are formed widthwise of the phosphor screen for 320 rod shaped electron beams produced by 320 slits 1.4 of the beam-con-trol electrode S and 320 slits 16 of -the horizon-tal beam-focussing electrode 6, such a modification may .be made that for the 320 sets of three primary color phosphor reglons, 160 rod-shaped electron beams are provided, and in this case the horizontal deflection i2 1 signal is ~ level changing voltage which deflects the rod-shaped electron beam to sweep ror the horizontal range of the color phosphor reglons of RGBRGB, and each of the beam-control electrodes 5 also receives the control signal for two pieture elements in sequence.
FIG. 3 shows a eircuit block diagram of a fundamental electric construetion of the apparatus of FIG. ].. The explanation starts from the part to drive the cathode ray tube to form a raster on its phosphor 10 Screen.
A power supply 22 is for impressing neeessary voltages on various eleetrodes o:E the flat ca-thode ray tube of FIG. 1. The following DC voltages are supplied to the electrodes:
-Y1 to back electrode 1, V3 to vertical beam-focussing electrode 3, V3' to vertical beam-foeussing eleetrode 3', V6 -to horizontal beam-focussing electrode 6, V8 to aeceleration eleetrode 8, V9 to phosphor screen 9.
An input terminal 23 receives ordinary eomposite video signal and give it to a synehronizing signal separator 24 and to a chrominanee demodulator 30. ~he synchroniz-ing signal separator 24 separate and issues vertical synchronizing signal Vs and horizontal synchronizing 1 signal H . A vextical driving pulse generator 25 comprises a coun-ter which count the horizontal synchronizing signal Hs and is reset by the vertical synchronizing signal Vs~
and issues 15 driving pulses pl, p2, p3 ... pl5, each having duty time of 16H (lH is the time period for one horizontal scanning). The fiftee~ pulses pl to pl5 are issued during an effective vertical sweep period, which is the time length of one vertical sweep p~riod exclusive of vertical fly-back ti~e and is of 2~0H time length. The driving pulses are-then given lo to the line cathode controller 26, where they are inversed of polarity to produce pulses pl', p2', p3' ... pl5' falling down to oV at respective inversed peak period (of 16H length) and retaining 20V for other period, and is fed to respec-tive line cathodes 201, 202, 203 ... 215. The line ca-tho~es are always heated by a small voltage DC current so as to be able to emit electrons at any time, and the electrons are taken out, when the pulse of a selected line cathode is at its peak (OV), by means of positive electric field towards the vertical beam-fo-20cussing electrode 3 and subsequent other electrodes.
For period other than the peak (OV) of the pulses impressed on a line cathode, because of negative electric fleld formed by impression of ~20V thereon, the line cathodes do not emit electron beam. That is, one of the 15 line cathodes in turn emit electrons beams. Therefore, 1 the line cathodes are activated in turn from the top one 201 to the bottom one 215 each for 16H time period.
The emitted electrons are ~riven forwar~ to the vertical beam -focussing electrodes 3, 3' and focussed to form a horizontal sheet-shaped electron ~eam.
A vertical deflection driver 27 comprises a counter for counting horizontal synchronizing signal Hs and ls reset by the O-ltpUt pulses pl, p2 ... pl5 of the vertical driving pulse generator 25 and an A/D converter for A/D converting the count output. And the vertical deflection driver 27 issues a pair of vertical deflec-tion signals v, v', which are 16-step risiny sawtoo-th wave and 16-step falling sawtooth wave, respectively, both havlng center voltage of V4. These vertical deflec-tion signals v and v' are impressed on the upper vertical deflection electrodes 13 and the lower vertical deflec tion electrodes, respectively~ Accordingly, the sheet shaped electron beams are vertically stepwisely deflected in 16 steps and repeat the same. And therefore, a horizontal line displayed on the phosphor screen step-wisely falls from top position to bottom position in 16 steps in one vertically divided segment 221, 222 ...
or 235 of FIG. 1.
Since the activati.on of the line cathodes is stepwisely shifted one by one downward every 16H time 1 period, when the horizontal line on the phosphor screen comes down and arrives at the bottom of the first ver-ti-cally divided segment 221, the next moving of -the horizontal l1ne on the phosphor screen starts from the top position of the second verticall.y di.vided segment 222, and the similar downward shifting of the horizontal line proceeds until the horizontal line arrives at the bottom of the 15th (lowest) vertically divided se~ment 235, ~nd the horizontal line goes back to the top of -the first segment 221. That is, the vertical deflec-tion of -the horizontal line continuously proceeds from the top (No. 1 horizon-tal line) to the bottom (No. 240, i.e,, (15 x 16)th~ of the phosphor screen 9, thereby forming a raster of 240 horizontal lines.
The sheet-shaped electron beam is then divided into 320 rod-shaped electron beams havingsubstantially round sections when passiny through the vertically oblong slits 1~, 14 .... of the beam-control electrode 151, 152 - and ver-tically oblong slits 16, I6.... of.the horizontal beam-focussing electrode 6. The rod-shaped electron beams are controlled of their currents by means of voltage ~-impressed on respective strip electrodes of -the beam-control means 5, and further deflected by horizontal deflection means 7 so as to have one of three positions corresponding to R, G and B regions of the phosphor 1 screen 9 by means of the horizontal deflection signals given by the horizontal deflection driver 29.
A horizontal driving pulse generator 28 com-prises three stages of sequentially connec-ted monostable multivibrators,the first stages of which is txiggered by horizontal synchronizing signal Hs. And the horizon-tal driving pulse generator issues three pulses r, g and b of the same pulse widths. For one example, an effective horizontal scanning period of 50~ sec. is lo divided into 3 periods for the pulses r, g and b, accordingly, the pulses, r, g and b have 16.7~ sec. pulse width each. The horizontal driving pulses r, g and b are yiven to the horizontal deflection driver 29, which is switched by the horizontal driving pulses r, g and b and issues a pair of horizontal cleflection signals h and h'. These horizontal deflection signa~s h and h' are three step rising signal and three step falling signal, respectively, and, both have the same center voltage V7. These horizontal deflection signals h and 20 h' are given to the horizontal deflection electrodes 18, 18, 18 ..~ and 18', 18', 18' ... dispose alternately in the ho.rizontal ~eflection means 7. As a result,320 rod-shaped elec-tron beams are deflected at the same -time -to R, G or B regions on a same horizontal line oE
the phosphor screen.
1 I-t should be noted that in the construction , ~ ~ cj/
shown in and-e-~e~ e- referring to FIG. 1, -the number of strip electrodes 1~, 18' ... of the hori~ontal elec-trodes are 320 for the 320 rod-shaped electron beams, and the strip electxodes 18, 18' ... are alternately connected to the ou-tput terminals h and h' of -the hori-zontal deflection driver. Accordingly, the electric fields of horizontal deflec-tion gaps defined by neigh-boring two strip electrodes 18 and 18' are no-t of the 10 same direction. Namely, the directions of elec-tric field of the hori~ontal deflec-tion gaps are alterna-tingly opposite each other for neighborlng horizontal deflec-tion gaps. The effect of this alternatingly opposite electr.ic field is compensated as will be elucidated later.
Thus, the hori~ontal line on the phosphor screen at one time displays red image at the same time, at the next time green image at the same time and a-t the next time blue image at the same time, and at the - 2~next time the line procee~ to the next lower line whereon the same is repeated.
The beam intensity-control is made as follows~
The input composite video signal received at the input terminal 23 is given to the chrominance demodulator 30 where color d~fferential signals R-Y and ~
B-Y are demodulated and G-Y is also produced by known ma-trix circuit therein, and by processiny these color di:Eferential signals with a luminance signal ~, primary color signals R, G and B are produced. The primary color signals R, G and s are given to 320 sets of sample-hold means 31l3 312 -- 31320, each comprising l:hree elementary sample-hold circuits for R, G and B color signals. The output signals of the 960 elementa_y sarnple-hold circuits are given to 320 sets of memory means 321, 322 32320~ each com-10 prising -three memories for R, G and B color signalsO
On -the other hand a sampling clock generator 33 comprises PLL (phase locked loop) circuit, and issues sampling clock pùlses of 6.4 MHz, which is controlled to have a predetermined phase difference against the horizontal synchronizing signal Hs. The sampling c:l.ock pulses are given to the sampling pulse generator 34, wherein by means of, for example, a shift register of 320 stages, 320 sampling pulses Sl, S2 ... S320, each having phase difference.by 5011 sec/320 tim.e in~etween, are produced and given 20 to the sample hold circuits 311, 312 -- 31320, respective-ly. After the last sampling pulse S320, a transferring pulse St is issued from the sampling pulse generator 34 to the memories 32~, 322 32320. The sampling pulses Sl, S2 ... S320 correspond to 320 picture elements in the horizontal direction on the phosphor screen 9, and ç~
1 their ti.mings are controlled so as to have a constant relation wi-th respect to the horizontal synchronizing signal Hs- By impressing the 320 sets of sampling pulses -to respective 320 sets of sample-hold circuits, -the sample-hold circuits 311, 312 ... 31320 s p R~ G and B information of video signals therein. After finishing of the sample-hold for one horizontal line, upon receipt of -the transfer siynal St by the memories, the sample-held informations are --trans~erred at one time 1 to -the memories 321, 322 ... 3232~ and retained there for the nex-t one horizontal scanning period (H = 63.5 sec).
The R, G and B information of the video signal for the one horizontal line stored in the memories 321, 322 ... 32320 are led to 320 electronic switches 351~
352 ... 35320' which are el.ectronics switches comprising analog gate circuits for selectively leadlng the stored signals of a color R, G or B to the respective strip electrodes 151., 152 - 15320 o~ the beam control means 20 5. The switching ciricuits 351~ 352 ... 35320 are simultaneously switched,being controlled by swi.-tching pulses given from a switching pulse generator 36, which is controlled by the output pulses r, g and b o~ the horizontal dri.vi.ng pulse generator 28. The elec-tronic switches 351' 352 35320 switch every 16.7~ sec 1 (= 50~ sec/3) for selectively leading the video siynal informa-tion of R, G and B color in turn each for 16.7 sec.
In the switchiny, the switching circuits of the odd number orders are switched in the order of R ~-G -~ B while the switching circuits of the even number orders are switched in the order of ~ ~ G ~ R, so that the effect of the alternatingly opposite directed electric fields produced by the horizontal deflection lo means 7 is compensated, Hereupon it should be noted that timing (phases) of the switchings of the electronic switches 351' 352 ...
35320 and the horizontal deflection driver 29 should be completel~ synchronized with each other, in order to avoide poor color impurity caused by undesirable mixing oE a color siynal with other color signals.
~ s a result of the operation as has been elucidated, -the phosphor screen displays red color imaye o:E one horizontal line at one time, followed by yreen 20 color image of the horizontal line at one time and further followed by blue color image of the horizontal line at one t;me, and then the same displayiny is made pxoceeding to the next (lower) line, and thus displayiny of one field having 240 horizontal lines is comple-ted.
And the displayings of the fields are repeatecl and 1 television picture is obtainable on the phosphor screen 9.
In case the number of picture elements on one hori.zontal line is selected twice or three times of the number of rod shape electron-beams each individually controlled by independent beam control electrodes 151~
152 ~ the number of the above-mentioned sample-hold circuits must be increased twice or three times, to the number of the picture elements on the line, and rele~ant-lo ly, the numbers of the memories should also be increased to the same number. ~nd each electronic switch should selectively connect the outputs of the increased number of memories time sharingly to the corresponding beam-control electrodes.
The primary colors of the phosphor regions ar.e not necessarily limited to the combination of the R, G and B, but any other combmation as the primary color of phosphors may be usable.
. . In the above-mentioned description, the words 2~ "horizontal" and "vertical".are used to imply that "horizontal" is the direction that the lines are dis-pla.yed on the phosphor screen, and "vertical" is the direction that the displayed line is shifted to the ne~t line to form a raster, and accordingly these woxds are not bound to the absolute spatial relation of the ,, - ~
screen.
The above-mentioned apparatus can provide a color television apparatus of very flat and compact type, and a sufficiently bright and clean display image is ensured since known combination of the color phosphors and cathode ray beams is used.
The embodiment apparatus may comprise a measure to eliminate undesirable effects caused from inaccurate construction of the deflec~ion electrode or the like, which is likely -to re-sult in non uniform spacing of, or departure from parallelismof, the horizontal lines, leading to an unpleasant distorted video picture display.
Figure 4 shows a representative example of the vertical deflection driver 27. ~ ring-counter 37 is reset by rising edges of the vertical driving pulses pl, p2 ... pl5 from the vertical driving pulse generator 25, coun~s the horizon~al synchronizing signals H and issues output signals ~, ~ , y ..~ o ~nd from its 16 output terminalsO On the other hand, a potentiometer 38 has 16 intermediate output terminals, ~hrough which 16 output voltages oE different levels are talcen out and given to the analog switches 39~, 39~ ... 39~, respectively. These analog switches axe controlled by the above-mentioned sîgnals q, ~, y ... ~, in a manner to be made canductive each for lH time period in different timing sequence.
l ThereEore, at the common connected output-terminal of the analog switches 39~, 39~ ... 39~, a stepwise rising outpu-t having 16 step voltage levels is ob-tainable. The stepwise output is taken out through an emitter follower 40, adjusted of amplitude by the variable resis-tor 41, amplified by a B-class amplifier 45 constitu-ted by transistors 42, 43 and 44, and issued~as the vertical deflection signal v through an output terminal 46. On the other handJthe vertical deflection signal v' is l0 issued through the output terminal 46' in the similar .
manner, by switching the voltages of the poten-tiometer 38' by the analog switches 39'~, 39'~ ... 391~. As shown in FIG. 5, the vertical deflection signals v and v' are impressed to the upper vertical deflection electrodes 13', 13' ... and the lower vertical deflec-tion electrodes 13, 13 ... , and thereby the~electron beams from a line cathode is ver~ically deflected to have 16 vertîcal positions, thereby fbrming 16 horizontal lines on the phosphor screen 9.
~ereupon, when mounting of the electrodes 13, 13' of the vertical deflecting means 4 is no-t accurateJ
I,f,~
making them non-parallel'each other, or tilted with respect to plan view, then the horizontal lines of -the raster does not become parallel and uniform, accordingly for example making -the lines partly non-uniform or partly . ~
1 tilted. FIG. 6 exemplarily shows such sta-tes of the raster, wherein solid lines show ideal posi-tions o~ the horizontal lines and chain lines show states o~ slipping of the horizontal lines. The paxts "a" and "d" show the state -that lines are uniform and parallel. In the part l'bl', the line gaps shrink in the left part. In the part llc" the line gaps expands in the left part. FIG. 7 shows a circuit for enabling corrections of such one sid* shrin~age and expansion of the line gap. In this example, the strip electrodes 13 and 13l of the vertical deflection means are formed by sheet resistors, and connecting electrodes 120 and 120' are formed on both end par-ts thereof. The vertical deflecting signals v and v' are impressed on the connecting electrodes on the ends of one sides, and connec-ting electrodes on -the ends of the other side are grounded through series connections of variable resistor and analog switch 471 + 481~ 472 ~ 482 ^`- 4715 + 4815 and 47'1 + 48'1' 47'2 + 48'2 '' 4715 + 48'15' and the control elec-trodes of the analog switches 481, 2~ 2 15 8 1' 48 2 ~ 48l15 are Connected to the output terminals of the vertical driving pulse gene-rator 25. In the above-mentioned cons-truction, by adjusting the variable resistors 471~ 472 ' ~715 and 47ll~ 47'2 ~ 47'15~the amplitude of the ver-tical deflec-tion signal at a desired end part can be adjusted, L thereby forming tapered voltage distributions on the sheet resistor and hence tapered electric fields in the gap space between a pair of vertical deflection elec-trodes 13, 13'~ In order to make desired correction.
of shrinking or expansion of either side of the raster, the connec-tions of the left ends and the right ends may be exchanged. It is of course necessary that the adjust-ment should be made without losing balance between the adjus-trnent of -the deflection signal for the upper deflec-o tion elec-trodes 13' and that for the lower deflection elec-trodes 13.
~ r ~ ~ 7 ~2 ~ " 7 As a result of the above-mentioned'~
even when distortions of parallelism between horizontal lines in the raster due to the causes of dimensional errors in assembling or mounting of the vertical deflec-tion electrode ~ happens to take place, it is possibl.e to correct horizontal lines in the raster to the right positions as they are designed, by means of the adjustments of the voltage distributions in the sheet resistors of 20 the ver-tical deflection electrodes. Thus, a distortion free video image is obtainable.
Furthermore, the means for independen-t adjust-ments of the voltage dis-tribution of the ver-tical deflection means is no-t necessarily limlted to the consti-tu-tion as elucidated referring to FIG. 7, but any other circuit of the same or similar function may be applicable. Instead of the sheet resistors 13 and 13l, wires of a suitable high resistance material may be of course used. Besides, the positions where the ad~ustment means are to be coupled to may be arbitrarily selected within a range to obtain the function.
Since the adjusting means described with reference to FIG. 7 can correct the distor~ion or irregularity of the horizontal line in any region of the raster, the conventional problem of the flat type multi line-cathode color television tube such as liability to non-uniformity or irregular dis-tortion of the horizontal lines in the raster can be relatively easily overcome~ thus making the flat color tube useful in practice and enabling the display of a high quality color picture.
focussing electrode~6,-a predeterrnined large number (e.g. 320 for this embodiment) of beam eontrol electrodes 5 consisting of vertical strip eleetrodes 151, 152 -- 15320 each having beam-passing slits 14, 14 ~O disposed with uniform pitch, a horizonta.l beam-focussing electrode 6 1 having the predetermined number (e.g. 320 for -this embodiment) of vertical slits at positions in front of the slits 14,14,... of the beam control elec-trodes 5, 5 ....
a horizontal deflection means 7 comprising the predetermined number (e.g. 320 for this example) of vertical strip electrodes 18, 18', 18, 18' ... defining the predetermined number (e.g. 320 for this example) of vertically oblong deflection gaps inbetween, lo a beam acceleration means 8 consisting of a set of horizontally disposed electrodes 19, 19 ....
and finally a phosphor screen 9, which is ordinarily provided on the inner wall of a front face of the enclosure.
The line cathodes 201, 202 ... form electron beam source 2/ wherein horizontal line cathodes are disposed forming a vertical row, with substantially uniform gaps with ëach other. In this example, as above-mentioned 15 line cathodes 201, 202 ... 215 are provided, 20 but only four of them are shown. The line ca-thodes are made by coating a tungsten wire of, or example, 10 - 20~m diameter with known -electron emitting cathode oxide. All the line cathodes are heated by feeding current thereto, and selective in-turn taking out of horizontal sheet shaped electron beam from selected one of the line cathode 1 is done by changing a potential of the in-turn selected line cathode to negative with respect to the poten-tial of the focussing electrode 3.
The back electrode 1 serves to suppress emis-sions of electrons from other line cathodes than the selected one and also expel the electrons from the selected cathode to its front direction. The back electrode 1 may be formed by attaching conductive sub-stance such as conductive paint on the inner wall of lO the back ace of the flat type vacuum enclosure. A flat plane shaped cathode may be used in place of the row of the line electrode 201, 202 ... .
The first vertical beam-focussing elec-trode 3 have the slits 10 at the position to -face the line cathodes 201, 202 ... and is impressed with a DC voltage, therefore horizontal sheet shaped electron beam from a selected line cathode is formed.
The sheet shaped electron beam is then divided into a large number (e.g. 320 in this example) of narrow 20 electron beams by passing through the second vertical beam~focussing electrode 3', the control electrode 5 and horizontal focussing elec-trode 6. In FIG. 1, only one such narrow elec-tron beam is shcwn for slmplicity. Each slit 10 may have supporting ribs in midway part of-the length, or further may consists of a large number (e.g. 320) of openings with very narrow rib par-ts 301 inbe-tweenO
The el.ectrodes 13, 13' of the ver-tical deflec-tion means 4 are disposed at levels of subs-tantialiy the centers between vertically neighboring two horizon-tal slits 10, 10 of the vertical focussing electrode 3~
and a lower e].ectrode 13 and an upper electrode 13~ are held on both faces (upper and lower faces) o-f an insula--tion board 12. A changing voitage (a vertical deflection signal) is impressed across the pair of upper electrode lo and lower electrode of each pair thereby forming changing elec-tric field for vertical deElection. In this example, as has been elucidated, by impressing the 16-s-tep chang-ing voltage across the pair electrodes, each electron beam is deflec-ted in a manner to have 16 levels~ ~nd the same matter ta~es place in each of 15 ver-tically divided segments 221, 222, 223 .... 235 on the phosphor screen. Accordingly, the phosphor screen 9 has 240 horizontal lines in total (16 lines x 15 segments = 240 1 ine s ) O
The beam control electrodes 5 comprising 320 strip electrodes 151, 152... 15320 together with the horizontal beam-focussing electrode 6 divide the horizontal sheet shaped electron beam into 320 rod shaped electron beams/ and each strip electrodes 151, 152... 15320 of the beam control electrodes 5 control in-tensi-ties of , . . .. .. . , _ . ...
r5~
1 the rod shaped electron beams responding to the informa-tion of the video signal. Therefore, the 320 strip electrodes control informa-tion of 320 picture elements on each horizontal line. I`he 320 beam control electrodes receive 320 control signals respectively and controls the 320 rod beams in such a manner as, at one time for red color irradiation, at one time for green color irradiation ~d at one time for blue color irradiation, in -turn. In order to display color picture on the color phosphor screen with the control signals applied to the beam control electrodes, each picture elemient con~
lo prises three elementary color regions, namely red strip region, green strip region and blue strip region, which are disposed in horizontal direction.
The feature of the present embodiment is that all the 320 ber~m control electrodes 151, 152 ..~ 15320 receive the beam control signals for displaying respective three primary colors, i.e., red and blue or green, at a same time. That is, at one moment, one horiæontal line on the phosphor screen displays an image of red color parts and blue color parts of the line by impingements of red phosphor regions by odd number electron beams and impingements 20 of blue phosphor regions by even number electron beams, at the next mo~ient an image of green color part of the line, and a-t the next moment an image of red color parts and blue color part of the line by impingements of red color phosphors regions by even n~b~r elec-tron beam~s and :Lmpingements of blue color phosphor regions by odd number electron beams. In this apparatus, the odd number 1 elec-tronic switches 351~ 353~ 355 ... 3515 switch to feed signal in the order of R, G and B, and the even number electronic switches 352' 354 3514 swi-tch in the order of Bl G and R.
The horizontal beam-focussing electrode 6 is imrpressed wi-th a DC voltage and focusses the rod shaped electron heams in horizontal direction.
The horizontal deflection means 7 comprises strip elec-trodes 18, 18' .~. which are disposed at the positions in front of center positions between neighboring slits 16, 16 of the horizontal beamrfocussing electrode 6. Each of the strip electrodes pair 18, 18' is impressed with 3-level changing voltage or a horizontal deflection signal, and horizon-tally deflects rod shaped electron beams, thereby making the rod shaped electron beams selectively impinge red p~losphor regions, green phosphor regions or blue phosphor regions in turn.
In the example, where a horizontal rcw of 320 rod shaped electron beams impinge 320 sets of three primary color regions, one horizontal deflection range corresponds -to one hori-zontal picture element width.
The horizontally disposed electrodes of the ~eam~
acceleration means 8 are dispose at ~he height l.evel corresponding to those of the composite body of vertical deflection el.ectrodes 13 and 13' and are impressed with a DC voltage.
The phosphor screen 9 may be provided with known metal back layer (not shown) formed on the side of cathodes and a positive 1 DC voltage is impressed thereon. In practical example, the phosphor regions are Eormed vertically oblong strips of red color phosphor, green color phosphor and blue color phosphor. In FIG. 1, horizontal broken lines on the phosphor screen 9 show bo~mdary lines between neighboring vertically divided segments to be impinged by electron beams of respective line cathodes. Vertical chain lines on the phosphor screen 9 shown boundary lines between horizontally neighboring sets of three primary color phosphor strips.
A small segment 20, which is defined by two neighboring vertical chain lines and two neighboring horizontal bxoken lines, is shcwn enlarged in schematic view of FIG. 2, whe.rein the small se~Jr.ent 20 has 16 horizontal lines in vertical row. In an actual example, one segment has the size of 16mm high in ver-tical direc-tion and lmm width in horizontal direction, and in FIG. 1 the sizes are shown enlarged in widthwise direc--tion as has been mentioned.
. Apar-t from the above-mentioned example where 320 sets of three primary color phosphor regions are formed widthwise of the phosphor screen for 320 rod shaped electron beams produced by 320 slits 1.4 of the beam-con-trol electrode S and 320 slits 16 of -the horizon-tal beam-focussing electrode 6, such a modification may .be made that for the 320 sets of three primary color phosphor reglons, 160 rod-shaped electron beams are provided, and in this case the horizontal deflection i2 1 signal is ~ level changing voltage which deflects the rod-shaped electron beam to sweep ror the horizontal range of the color phosphor reglons of RGBRGB, and each of the beam-control electrodes 5 also receives the control signal for two pieture elements in sequence.
FIG. 3 shows a eircuit block diagram of a fundamental electric construetion of the apparatus of FIG. ].. The explanation starts from the part to drive the cathode ray tube to form a raster on its phosphor 10 Screen.
A power supply 22 is for impressing neeessary voltages on various eleetrodes o:E the flat ca-thode ray tube of FIG. 1. The following DC voltages are supplied to the electrodes:
-Y1 to back electrode 1, V3 to vertical beam-focussing electrode 3, V3' to vertical beam-foeussing eleetrode 3', V6 -to horizontal beam-focussing electrode 6, V8 to aeceleration eleetrode 8, V9 to phosphor screen 9.
An input terminal 23 receives ordinary eomposite video signal and give it to a synehronizing signal separator 24 and to a chrominanee demodulator 30. ~he synchroniz-ing signal separator 24 separate and issues vertical synchronizing signal Vs and horizontal synchronizing 1 signal H . A vextical driving pulse generator 25 comprises a coun-ter which count the horizontal synchronizing signal Hs and is reset by the vertical synchronizing signal Vs~
and issues 15 driving pulses pl, p2, p3 ... pl5, each having duty time of 16H (lH is the time period for one horizontal scanning). The fiftee~ pulses pl to pl5 are issued during an effective vertical sweep period, which is the time length of one vertical sweep p~riod exclusive of vertical fly-back ti~e and is of 2~0H time length. The driving pulses are-then given lo to the line cathode controller 26, where they are inversed of polarity to produce pulses pl', p2', p3' ... pl5' falling down to oV at respective inversed peak period (of 16H length) and retaining 20V for other period, and is fed to respec-tive line cathodes 201, 202, 203 ... 215. The line ca-tho~es are always heated by a small voltage DC current so as to be able to emit electrons at any time, and the electrons are taken out, when the pulse of a selected line cathode is at its peak (OV), by means of positive electric field towards the vertical beam-fo-20cussing electrode 3 and subsequent other electrodes.
For period other than the peak (OV) of the pulses impressed on a line cathode, because of negative electric fleld formed by impression of ~20V thereon, the line cathodes do not emit electron beam. That is, one of the 15 line cathodes in turn emit electrons beams. Therefore, 1 the line cathodes are activated in turn from the top one 201 to the bottom one 215 each for 16H time period.
The emitted electrons are ~riven forwar~ to the vertical beam -focussing electrodes 3, 3' and focussed to form a horizontal sheet-shaped electron ~eam.
A vertical deflection driver 27 comprises a counter for counting horizontal synchronizing signal Hs and ls reset by the O-ltpUt pulses pl, p2 ... pl5 of the vertical driving pulse generator 25 and an A/D converter for A/D converting the count output. And the vertical deflection driver 27 issues a pair of vertical deflec-tion signals v, v', which are 16-step risiny sawtoo-th wave and 16-step falling sawtooth wave, respectively, both havlng center voltage of V4. These vertical deflec-tion signals v and v' are impressed on the upper vertical deflection electrodes 13 and the lower vertical deflec tion electrodes, respectively~ Accordingly, the sheet shaped electron beams are vertically stepwisely deflected in 16 steps and repeat the same. And therefore, a horizontal line displayed on the phosphor screen step-wisely falls from top position to bottom position in 16 steps in one vertically divided segment 221, 222 ...
or 235 of FIG. 1.
Since the activati.on of the line cathodes is stepwisely shifted one by one downward every 16H time 1 period, when the horizontal line on the phosphor screen comes down and arrives at the bottom of the first ver-ti-cally divided segment 221, the next moving of -the horizontal l1ne on the phosphor screen starts from the top position of the second verticall.y di.vided segment 222, and the similar downward shifting of the horizontal line proceeds until the horizontal line arrives at the bottom of the 15th (lowest) vertically divided se~ment 235, ~nd the horizontal line goes back to the top of -the first segment 221. That is, the vertical deflec-tion of -the horizontal line continuously proceeds from the top (No. 1 horizon-tal line) to the bottom (No. 240, i.e,, (15 x 16)th~ of the phosphor screen 9, thereby forming a raster of 240 horizontal lines.
The sheet-shaped electron beam is then divided into 320 rod-shaped electron beams havingsubstantially round sections when passiny through the vertically oblong slits 1~, 14 .... of the beam-control electrode 151, 152 - and ver-tically oblong slits 16, I6.... of.the horizontal beam-focussing electrode 6. The rod-shaped electron beams are controlled of their currents by means of voltage ~-impressed on respective strip electrodes of -the beam-control means 5, and further deflected by horizontal deflection means 7 so as to have one of three positions corresponding to R, G and B regions of the phosphor 1 screen 9 by means of the horizontal deflection signals given by the horizontal deflection driver 29.
A horizontal driving pulse generator 28 com-prises three stages of sequentially connec-ted monostable multivibrators,the first stages of which is txiggered by horizontal synchronizing signal Hs. And the horizon-tal driving pulse generator issues three pulses r, g and b of the same pulse widths. For one example, an effective horizontal scanning period of 50~ sec. is lo divided into 3 periods for the pulses r, g and b, accordingly, the pulses, r, g and b have 16.7~ sec. pulse width each. The horizontal driving pulses r, g and b are yiven to the horizontal deflection driver 29, which is switched by the horizontal driving pulses r, g and b and issues a pair of horizontal cleflection signals h and h'. These horizontal deflection signa~s h and h' are three step rising signal and three step falling signal, respectively, and, both have the same center voltage V7. These horizontal deflection signals h and 20 h' are given to the horizontal deflection electrodes 18, 18, 18 ..~ and 18', 18', 18' ... dispose alternately in the ho.rizontal ~eflection means 7. As a result,320 rod-shaped elec-tron beams are deflected at the same -time -to R, G or B regions on a same horizontal line oE
the phosphor screen.
1 I-t should be noted that in the construction , ~ ~ cj/
shown in and-e-~e~ e- referring to FIG. 1, -the number of strip electrodes 1~, 18' ... of the hori~ontal elec-trodes are 320 for the 320 rod-shaped electron beams, and the strip electxodes 18, 18' ... are alternately connected to the ou-tput terminals h and h' of -the hori-zontal deflection driver. Accordingly, the electric fields of horizontal deflec-tion gaps defined by neigh-boring two strip electrodes 18 and 18' are no-t of the 10 same direction. Namely, the directions of elec-tric field of the hori~ontal deflec-tion gaps are alterna-tingly opposite each other for neighborlng horizontal deflec-tion gaps. The effect of this alternatingly opposite electr.ic field is compensated as will be elucidated later.
Thus, the hori~ontal line on the phosphor screen at one time displays red image at the same time, at the next time green image at the same time and a-t the next time blue image at the same time, and at the - 2~next time the line procee~ to the next lower line whereon the same is repeated.
The beam intensity-control is made as follows~
The input composite video signal received at the input terminal 23 is given to the chrominance demodulator 30 where color d~fferential signals R-Y and ~
B-Y are demodulated and G-Y is also produced by known ma-trix circuit therein, and by processiny these color di:Eferential signals with a luminance signal ~, primary color signals R, G and B are produced. The primary color signals R, G and s are given to 320 sets of sample-hold means 31l3 312 -- 31320, each comprising l:hree elementary sample-hold circuits for R, G and B color signals. The output signals of the 960 elementa_y sarnple-hold circuits are given to 320 sets of memory means 321, 322 32320~ each com-10 prising -three memories for R, G and B color signalsO
On -the other hand a sampling clock generator 33 comprises PLL (phase locked loop) circuit, and issues sampling clock pùlses of 6.4 MHz, which is controlled to have a predetermined phase difference against the horizontal synchronizing signal Hs. The sampling c:l.ock pulses are given to the sampling pulse generator 34, wherein by means of, for example, a shift register of 320 stages, 320 sampling pulses Sl, S2 ... S320, each having phase difference.by 5011 sec/320 tim.e in~etween, are produced and given 20 to the sample hold circuits 311, 312 -- 31320, respective-ly. After the last sampling pulse S320, a transferring pulse St is issued from the sampling pulse generator 34 to the memories 32~, 322 32320. The sampling pulses Sl, S2 ... S320 correspond to 320 picture elements in the horizontal direction on the phosphor screen 9, and ç~
1 their ti.mings are controlled so as to have a constant relation wi-th respect to the horizontal synchronizing signal Hs- By impressing the 320 sets of sampling pulses -to respective 320 sets of sample-hold circuits, -the sample-hold circuits 311, 312 ... 31320 s p R~ G and B information of video signals therein. After finishing of the sample-hold for one horizontal line, upon receipt of -the transfer siynal St by the memories, the sample-held informations are --trans~erred at one time 1 to -the memories 321, 322 ... 3232~ and retained there for the nex-t one horizontal scanning period (H = 63.5 sec).
The R, G and B information of the video signal for the one horizontal line stored in the memories 321, 322 ... 32320 are led to 320 electronic switches 351~
352 ... 35320' which are el.ectronics switches comprising analog gate circuits for selectively leadlng the stored signals of a color R, G or B to the respective strip electrodes 151., 152 - 15320 o~ the beam control means 20 5. The switching ciricuits 351~ 352 ... 35320 are simultaneously switched,being controlled by swi.-tching pulses given from a switching pulse generator 36, which is controlled by the output pulses r, g and b o~ the horizontal dri.vi.ng pulse generator 28. The elec-tronic switches 351' 352 35320 switch every 16.7~ sec 1 (= 50~ sec/3) for selectively leading the video siynal informa-tion of R, G and B color in turn each for 16.7 sec.
In the switchiny, the switching circuits of the odd number orders are switched in the order of R ~-G -~ B while the switching circuits of the even number orders are switched in the order of ~ ~ G ~ R, so that the effect of the alternatingly opposite directed electric fields produced by the horizontal deflection lo means 7 is compensated, Hereupon it should be noted that timing (phases) of the switchings of the electronic switches 351' 352 ...
35320 and the horizontal deflection driver 29 should be completel~ synchronized with each other, in order to avoide poor color impurity caused by undesirable mixing oE a color siynal with other color signals.
~ s a result of the operation as has been elucidated, -the phosphor screen displays red color imaye o:E one horizontal line at one time, followed by yreen 20 color image of the horizontal line at one time and further followed by blue color image of the horizontal line at one t;me, and then the same displayiny is made pxoceeding to the next (lower) line, and thus displayiny of one field having 240 horizontal lines is comple-ted.
And the displayings of the fields are repeatecl and 1 television picture is obtainable on the phosphor screen 9.
In case the number of picture elements on one hori.zontal line is selected twice or three times of the number of rod shape electron-beams each individually controlled by independent beam control electrodes 151~
152 ~ the number of the above-mentioned sample-hold circuits must be increased twice or three times, to the number of the picture elements on the line, and rele~ant-lo ly, the numbers of the memories should also be increased to the same number. ~nd each electronic switch should selectively connect the outputs of the increased number of memories time sharingly to the corresponding beam-control electrodes.
The primary colors of the phosphor regions ar.e not necessarily limited to the combination of the R, G and B, but any other combmation as the primary color of phosphors may be usable.
. . In the above-mentioned description, the words 2~ "horizontal" and "vertical".are used to imply that "horizontal" is the direction that the lines are dis-pla.yed on the phosphor screen, and "vertical" is the direction that the displayed line is shifted to the ne~t line to form a raster, and accordingly these woxds are not bound to the absolute spatial relation of the ,, - ~
screen.
The above-mentioned apparatus can provide a color television apparatus of very flat and compact type, and a sufficiently bright and clean display image is ensured since known combination of the color phosphors and cathode ray beams is used.
The embodiment apparatus may comprise a measure to eliminate undesirable effects caused from inaccurate construction of the deflec~ion electrode or the like, which is likely -to re-sult in non uniform spacing of, or departure from parallelismof, the horizontal lines, leading to an unpleasant distorted video picture display.
Figure 4 shows a representative example of the vertical deflection driver 27. ~ ring-counter 37 is reset by rising edges of the vertical driving pulses pl, p2 ... pl5 from the vertical driving pulse generator 25, coun~s the horizon~al synchronizing signals H and issues output signals ~, ~ , y ..~ o ~nd from its 16 output terminalsO On the other hand, a potentiometer 38 has 16 intermediate output terminals, ~hrough which 16 output voltages oE different levels are talcen out and given to the analog switches 39~, 39~ ... 39~, respectively. These analog switches axe controlled by the above-mentioned sîgnals q, ~, y ... ~, in a manner to be made canductive each for lH time period in different timing sequence.
l ThereEore, at the common connected output-terminal of the analog switches 39~, 39~ ... 39~, a stepwise rising outpu-t having 16 step voltage levels is ob-tainable. The stepwise output is taken out through an emitter follower 40, adjusted of amplitude by the variable resis-tor 41, amplified by a B-class amplifier 45 constitu-ted by transistors 42, 43 and 44, and issued~as the vertical deflection signal v through an output terminal 46. On the other handJthe vertical deflection signal v' is l0 issued through the output terminal 46' in the similar .
manner, by switching the voltages of the poten-tiometer 38' by the analog switches 39'~, 39'~ ... 391~. As shown in FIG. 5, the vertical deflection signals v and v' are impressed to the upper vertical deflection electrodes 13', 13' ... and the lower vertical deflec-tion electrodes 13, 13 ... , and thereby the~electron beams from a line cathode is ver~ically deflected to have 16 vertîcal positions, thereby fbrming 16 horizontal lines on the phosphor screen 9.
~ereupon, when mounting of the electrodes 13, 13' of the vertical deflecting means 4 is no-t accurateJ
I,f,~
making them non-parallel'each other, or tilted with respect to plan view, then the horizontal lines of -the raster does not become parallel and uniform, accordingly for example making -the lines partly non-uniform or partly . ~
1 tilted. FIG. 6 exemplarily shows such sta-tes of the raster, wherein solid lines show ideal posi-tions o~ the horizontal lines and chain lines show states o~ slipping of the horizontal lines. The paxts "a" and "d" show the state -that lines are uniform and parallel. In the part l'bl', the line gaps shrink in the left part. In the part llc" the line gaps expands in the left part. FIG. 7 shows a circuit for enabling corrections of such one sid* shrin~age and expansion of the line gap. In this example, the strip electrodes 13 and 13l of the vertical deflection means are formed by sheet resistors, and connecting electrodes 120 and 120' are formed on both end par-ts thereof. The vertical deflecting signals v and v' are impressed on the connecting electrodes on the ends of one sides, and connec-ting electrodes on -the ends of the other side are grounded through series connections of variable resistor and analog switch 471 + 481~ 472 ~ 482 ^`- 4715 + 4815 and 47'1 + 48'1' 47'2 + 48'2 '' 4715 + 48'15' and the control elec-trodes of the analog switches 481, 2~ 2 15 8 1' 48 2 ~ 48l15 are Connected to the output terminals of the vertical driving pulse gene-rator 25. In the above-mentioned cons-truction, by adjusting the variable resistors 471~ 472 ' ~715 and 47ll~ 47'2 ~ 47'15~the amplitude of the ver-tical deflec-tion signal at a desired end part can be adjusted, L thereby forming tapered voltage distributions on the sheet resistor and hence tapered electric fields in the gap space between a pair of vertical deflection elec-trodes 13, 13'~ In order to make desired correction.
of shrinking or expansion of either side of the raster, the connec-tions of the left ends and the right ends may be exchanged. It is of course necessary that the adjust-ment should be made without losing balance between the adjus-trnent of -the deflection signal for the upper deflec-o tion elec-trodes 13' and that for the lower deflection elec-trodes 13.
~ r ~ ~ 7 ~2 ~ " 7 As a result of the above-mentioned'~
even when distortions of parallelism between horizontal lines in the raster due to the causes of dimensional errors in assembling or mounting of the vertical deflec-tion electrode ~ happens to take place, it is possibl.e to correct horizontal lines in the raster to the right positions as they are designed, by means of the adjustments of the voltage distributions in the sheet resistors of 20 the ver-tical deflection electrodes. Thus, a distortion free video image is obtainable.
Furthermore, the means for independen-t adjust-ments of the voltage dis-tribution of the ver-tical deflection means is no-t necessarily limlted to the consti-tu-tion as elucidated referring to FIG. 7, but any other circuit of the same or similar function may be applicable. Instead of the sheet resistors 13 and 13l, wires of a suitable high resistance material may be of course used. Besides, the positions where the ad~ustment means are to be coupled to may be arbitrarily selected within a range to obtain the function.
Since the adjusting means described with reference to FIG. 7 can correct the distor~ion or irregularity of the horizontal line in any region of the raster, the conventional problem of the flat type multi line-cathode color television tube such as liability to non-uniformity or irregular dis-tortion of the horizontal lines in the raster can be relatively easily overcome~ thus making the flat color tube useful in practice and enabling the display of a high quality color picture.
Claims (11)
PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. A color image display apparatus comprising:
a color phosphor screen comprising, a first predetermined number of vertically extending horizontally arranged sections, said horizontally arranged sections being vertically subdivided into a predetermined number of vertically arranged segments, whereby each segment comprises a said first predetermined number of said subdivided sections arranged horizontally, each subdivided section also comprising a set of regions each of a primarily color phosphor, an electron beam source for each vertically arranged segment for emitting a horizontal rod of electron beams, the row having said first predetermined number of said electron beams, each beam corresponding to a respective said subdivided section, a horizontal deflection means for directing each said electron beam onto the respective primary color phosphors in its respective subdivided section in turn, thereby simultaneously activating in turn corresponding primary color phosphors in each of said subdivided sections, and producing one horizontal line on said screen, a vertical deflection means for deflecting each respective horizontal row of electron beams of each vertically arranged segment to thereby produce in turn a plurality of said horizontal lines in each respective vertically arranged segment, an electron beam control means for simultaneously controlling the intensities of the respective electron beams in accordance with a respective color video signal for each selected primary color to produce a line-at-a-time display of a color video picture, a vacuum enclosure containing said electron beam source, said electron beam control means, said horizontal and said vertical deflection means therein, one end face of said enclosure forming a screen face at which said color phosphor screen is provided, and a sample-hold means for sample-holding in turn said respective color video signals for each horizontally arranged section, a memory for storing output signals of each said sample-hold means, and electronic switch means for simultaneously feeding signals, for in turn selected primary colors, out of said memory to respective said electron beam control means to produce said line-at-a-time display.
a color phosphor screen comprising, a first predetermined number of vertically extending horizontally arranged sections, said horizontally arranged sections being vertically subdivided into a predetermined number of vertically arranged segments, whereby each segment comprises a said first predetermined number of said subdivided sections arranged horizontally, each subdivided section also comprising a set of regions each of a primarily color phosphor, an electron beam source for each vertically arranged segment for emitting a horizontal rod of electron beams, the row having said first predetermined number of said electron beams, each beam corresponding to a respective said subdivided section, a horizontal deflection means for directing each said electron beam onto the respective primary color phosphors in its respective subdivided section in turn, thereby simultaneously activating in turn corresponding primary color phosphors in each of said subdivided sections, and producing one horizontal line on said screen, a vertical deflection means for deflecting each respective horizontal row of electron beams of each vertically arranged segment to thereby produce in turn a plurality of said horizontal lines in each respective vertically arranged segment, an electron beam control means for simultaneously controlling the intensities of the respective electron beams in accordance with a respective color video signal for each selected primary color to produce a line-at-a-time display of a color video picture, a vacuum enclosure containing said electron beam source, said electron beam control means, said horizontal and said vertical deflection means therein, one end face of said enclosure forming a screen face at which said color phosphor screen is provided, and a sample-hold means for sample-holding in turn said respective color video signals for each horizontally arranged section, a memory for storing output signals of each said sample-hold means, and electronic switch means for simultaneously feeding signals, for in turn selected primary colors, out of said memory to respective said electron beam control means to produce said line-at-a-time display.
2. A color image display apparatus as defined in claim 1, wherein said electron beam source comprises, a substantially horizontally disposed line cathode for each respective one of said vertically arranged segments.
3. A color image display apparatus as defined in claims 1 or 2 said vacuum enclosure being flat shaped.
4. A color image display apparatus as defined in claim 1, wherein said vertical diflection means comprises, at last a pair of vertical deflection electrodes formed with strip shaped sheet resistors or wires, and a circuit means for impressing vertical deflection signals on ends of said vertical deflection electrodes on one side and forming voltage differences in the longitudinal direction of the vertical deflection electrodes, to form different electric field distributions for different vertically arranged segments.
5. A color image display apparatus as defined in claim 4, wherein said circuit means comprises, means for impressing adjusted voltages through voltage - adjusting circuits on the ends on the other side of said vertical deflection electrodes.
6. A color image display apparatus as defined ill claim 4, said vertical deflection means comprising, variable resistors connected to the ends of said vertical deflection electrodes.
7. A color image display apparatus as defined in claim 2, wherein said vertical deflection means comprises, at least a pair of vertical deflection electrodes formed with strip shaped sheet resistors or wires, and a circuit means for impressing vertical deflection signals on ends of said vertical deflection electrodes on one side and forming voltage differences in the longitudinal direction of the vertical deflection electrodes, to form different electric field distributions for different vertically arranged segments.
8. A color image display apparatus as defined in claim 7, wherein said vertical deflection means further comprises, means for impressing adjusted voltages through voltage adjusting circuits on the ends of said vertical electrodes on the other side of said vertical deflection electrodes.
9. A color image display apparatus as defined in claim 7, said vertical deflection means comprising, variable resistors connected to the ends of said vertical deflection electrodes.
10. A color image display apparatus comprising:
a color phosphor screen comprising a multiplicity of vertically disposed rows of horizontally arranged sections, each section being subdivided into a respective region of red phosphor, green phosphor and blue phosphor, vertically disposed groups of said rows of sections forming respective vertically arranged segments, electron beam source means comprising a respective horizontal row of electron beams for each segment, vertical deflection electrodes for each said respective row of electron beams for thereby displaying in turn each row of said sections in each respective said segment, horizontal deflection electrodes for horizontally deflecting said electron beams for each respective segment, thereby making the electron beams impinge individually on the subdivided color phosphor regions in turn in respective said sections in each row of sections, electron beam control means for controlling the intensities of the respective electron beams in accordance with a respective input color video signal, thereby to display a color video image on said phosphor screen, said electron beam control means comprising a sample-hold means for sample-holding in turn respective color video signals for each said horizontally arranged section, a memory for storing output signals of each of said sample-hold means, and an electronic switch means for simultaneously feeding signals for in turn selected red, green and blue colors out of said memory to respective said electron beam control means, to produce a line-at-a-time display.
a color phosphor screen comprising a multiplicity of vertically disposed rows of horizontally arranged sections, each section being subdivided into a respective region of red phosphor, green phosphor and blue phosphor, vertically disposed groups of said rows of sections forming respective vertically arranged segments, electron beam source means comprising a respective horizontal row of electron beams for each segment, vertical deflection electrodes for each said respective row of electron beams for thereby displaying in turn each row of said sections in each respective said segment, horizontal deflection electrodes for horizontally deflecting said electron beams for each respective segment, thereby making the electron beams impinge individually on the subdivided color phosphor regions in turn in respective said sections in each row of sections, electron beam control means for controlling the intensities of the respective electron beams in accordance with a respective input color video signal, thereby to display a color video image on said phosphor screen, said electron beam control means comprising a sample-hold means for sample-holding in turn respective color video signals for each said horizontally arranged section, a memory for storing output signals of each of said sample-hold means, and an electronic switch means for simultaneously feeding signals for in turn selected red, green and blue colors out of said memory to respective said electron beam control means, to produce a line-at-a-time display.
11. A color image display apparatus as defined in claim 10, wherein said electron beam source comprises a respective line cathode disposed substantially horizontally for emitting its respective horizontal row of electron beams.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP18781A JPS56142403A (en) | 1980-01-07 | 1981-01-06 | Detector for passing inner diameter pass gauge into tube and others |
| JP56-18781 | 1981-02-10 | ||
| JP2061881A JPS57135590A (en) | 1981-02-13 | 1981-02-13 | Picture display device |
| JP56-20618 | 1981-02-13 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1186722A true CA1186722A (en) | 1985-05-07 |
Family
ID=26333111
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000395241A Expired CA1186722A (en) | 1981-01-06 | 1982-01-29 | Color image display apparatus |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1186722A (en) |
-
1982
- 1982-01-29 CA CA000395241A patent/CA1186722A/en not_active Expired
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