CA1183752A - Controlled fade effervescing cleanser - Google Patents

Abstract

ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A cleansing composition is disclosed with household and personnel care applications and comprise; a monopersulfate oxidizing Agent and a halide bleaching promoter, to which is added an effervescence promoting compound comprising a perborate salt. The resulting composition is operable and capable of effervescing at an alkaline pH, at which it is also a more effective cleanser.
In a further embodiment, the above cleansing composition may include a colorant and a fade control agent compris-ing a compound providing a soluble halide ion for applica-tions where it is desirable that the color provided by the colorant will fade within a given period of time. Small quantities of the fade control compound are effective, and do not disturb the desired initial color intensity of the solution provided by the colorant.

Description

3~52 ~:K'~ ND ~F THE INVENTION

Field of the Invention:
__ _ __.
The present invention rela-tes generally to cleansers, and more particularly to those cleansers that include o~idizing and bleaching agents.

Description of the Prior Art:
Cleanser compositions have for some time used o~idizing agents and bleaching agents in concert to remove visible stains from hard surfaces, while at the same time effecting the removal of scale or plaque build-up on those surfaces. Thus, cleaning compositions, prepared wi-th abrasi~e material for use as scouring cleansers~ or alone for puxpose of mild surface cleaning applications, have ernployed a variety of sulfate salts~
eg. bisulfates, monopersulfates, and sulfates as detergents, oxidizers and the like, and have utilized alkali metal and alkallne ear-th metal halides as bleaches.

U.S. Patent Number 3,458,4~6 to Diaz discloses an abrasive cleansiny composition that utilizes certain monopersulfate oxidizing agents in combination with a water-soluble bromide salt, in place of chlorine-liberating constituents conventionally employed in~such compositions. The replacement of the chloride constituents by the bromide constituents was found to eliminate the unpleasant odor of chlorine. The composition 2C disclosed in Diaz was primarily intended for use in powdered form, and utili2ed a variety of additives, such as detergents, builders and the like in i-ts formulation.

mab/`

~ 10894 The preparation of cleansers to be utilized in a solution for dipplng, or soaking the articles to be cleaned there;n, presents different problems from those that attend the preparation and use of cleansing compositions that are app`lied to the surface o~ the articles to be cleaned.
Thus, whereas one may apply a composition, either in li-quid or granular form, to a surface and may then agitate the surface to assist the cleaning operation, the employ-ment of compositions that operate in a "pass;ve" ~anner to serve as dipping solutions and the l;ke, gives no indi- -cation of their efficacy, and of the period of their ac-tivity. In particular, cleansers u~ilized for the prepar-ation of dipping solutions for dentures and the like~ :
have conventionally exhibited an effervescent action in solution that assists in stain and plaque removal by pro-viding a desired amount of agitation in the solution to promote cleansing activity. Also, such compositions have conventionally included colorants such as dyes, incorpor- .
ated into the composition to indicate the presence of the cleansing composit;on in the solution.

The effervescent activity of these solution-forming cleansing compositions has conventionally been provided by the inolusion in the c~mposition of ..the ingredients sodium bicarbonate and citric acidO Correspondingly, the react;on of these two ingredients has taken place at a pH that is weakly acidic or neutral, with a sacrifice in the efficiency and speed of cle~ning, that wou1d be achieved by the employment of a composition operable at a more basic pH.

The employment of the colorant in the composition as an indicator has ~een for the purpQse Qf not only indicat~
ing the presence and activity of the cleansing co~posi-tion, but serves to indicate by its disappearance ~he 1~3~

cessation of cleaning activity. For example, :in the instarlce where denture cleansers are prepared, a dye component :is .includecl as an indicator to signi.Ey by colorati.on the presence oE -the cleansing composl-tion and the commencement o:E i-ts activity. In these appl.ic~tions, -the actual period of ac-tivity is reasonably firlite, and is predetermined by the manufacturer.

Accordingly, as the indica-tor or dye signals the user that the cleaning process has ended, attemp-ts have been made to control the disappearance of fading of the dye, so that the disappearance of the dye will coincide with the comple-tion of -the cleaning cycle~
Attempts -to control the time span of the dye componen-t have included the addition of limited quantities of dye, and the inclusion of additional amounts of bleaching agents to cause the dye to fade more quickly. The first approach has been generally unsucessful, and the second approach proved uneconomical; the inclusion or additional bleach. to fade the dye frequently required additional dye to be added to the composition to gI~e the appropriate depth of initial coloration, and in turn requi~red additional bleach to be added for fade control.

The present invention is belie~ed to pro~ide solutions to the aforementioned problem.

SUMMARY OF THE I~ENTION
. .
A cleansing composition is prepared in accorclance with the present invention which comprises at least one oxidizing agent including an alkali metal monopersulfate mab/ .

~ 10894 salt, said oxidizing agent present in amounts ranging from 35 - 60Yo~ a bleaching promoter selected from the group consisting of alkaline metal and alkal;ne earth metal halides, said bleachiny promoter present ;n an amount of up to about 20Cb~ and a compound selected from the group consisting of alkali metal and alkaline earth metal perborates, present in an amount suffic;ent to catalytically promote the effervescence of the cleansing composition. The composition after dissolut;on, pro-vides a solution which possesses a pH in the basic range and includes sodium carbonate in an amount that may range from 20 - 40%. Sodium hydroxide may also be added in amounts of up to ~5% to assist in pH maintenance.

Preferably, the oxidizing agen~ may comprise potassium monopersulfate, and may be present in an amount ranging from 40 - 50%. Sodium chloride may comprise the bleach-ing promoter, and may be present in an amount ranging from 10 - 20%, and the perborate compound may comprise sodium perborate and may be present in an amount ranging from 0.5 - 20~. ~
t Solutions containing the present cleansing composition ', possess effervesc;ng capability within an alkaline pH, due to ~he presence of the perborate compound~ The per~
borate is theorized to react with the oxidizing agent and the bleaching promoter to initiate effervescence.
The ability of these solutions to achieve effervescence within a basic pH range yields improved cleaning effi ciency at reduced cost.

The present cleansing composition may also contain var-ious additives, such as colorants, including dyes 9 ~L83~S'~

perEumes, alld the like. The cleansing compos;tic)n ma~
be prepared in tablet forin, and may accord:ingly aLso include -tabletlng acJents, excipien-ts, disintegrants ~nd the li~e. In this latter ~orm, the cleansing com-position is particularly useful as a c1enture cleanser.

In accordance with the further embodiment of the present inven-tion, a cleansing composition may be prepared which comprises an oxidizing agent containing a monopersulfate salt in an amoun-t of from 35% - 60~, a bleaching promoter selected from the group consisting of alkali metal and alkaline earth me-tal halides, presen-t in an arnount ranging up to about 20~, an effervescence promcti:ng compound selected from alkaline eaxth metal and alkali metal perborates, present in amounts from about 0.5 to 20go~ a colorant selected from pigments and dyes, and preferably comprising non-toxic dyes, the colorant present in an amount tha-t may range as high as 1%, and a fade control agent comprising a compound ~0 capable of providiny soluble halide ion. The halide component of said fade control agent may ~e selected from bromide, iodide and chloride ion, and is preferably selected ~rom bromide ana iodide.

The fade control agent is theorized to coact with the oxidizing agent in a catalytic manner that may abruptly accelerate the fading of the colorant.
The fade control agent is particularly useful in the instance where the colorant comprises those dyes certified by the Food and Drug Administration as acceptable for use in foods, drugs and cosmetics r and known as F.D. & C. grade dyes. Also D. ~ C. grade dyes, and insoluble dyes, such as F.D. ~ C. and D.
C. grade la]ces may be utilized. C.

mab/~
, ~", ~83'752 grade may also be used.

The amount of fade control agent present in the cleans-~ng composition of the present invent1on varies with the amount of dye and oxidizing agent present in the composi-tion, and to a lesser extent, the amount of perborate salt :--included therein. In a preferred embodiment, the fade con- .:
trol agent may comprise potassium bromide, and may be pre- i sent in amounts ranging from 0.04 to 0.3%. ~'`
, .
The fade control agent acts in an unexpected catalytic ~:
manner and is particularly useful in the instance where ~`.
the composition is prepared in tab1et form as a denture t~
cleanser~ The disso1ving tablet has been found to pro- ' vide an initia71y strong, intensely colore~ solution. :... `
This intense collor may be maintained for varying periods t 1~ of time, depending on the desired quantities of colorant~
perborate, oxidizing agent and fade control agent utili7ed.

By use of a particular quantity of the fade control agent, .-the color intensity of the solution can be maintained for .... `-.
a predetermined period of ~ime; after which the fading . .I
of the color becomes noticeably a~celerated, and a sub- t'''''"'`'' stantially color1ess solution i5 thereafter rapidly ob- I
tained. For example, increments of as little as .1 mil- .... ;.
1igram of the fade control agent have been found ~o vary !:.
the fade time of the dyes utilized in denture cleanser ...
tablets prepared in accordance herewith, by as much as 1 ... `.
minute; thus~ the addition of .1 milligram of the fade con- ......
trol agen-~ has been found to reduce the time it takes for -the dyes to comp1etely disappear by as much as 1 minute `
....
, ...:. .: ..:
The foregoing compositions are useful in a variety of ...
applieatlons, apart from their preparation into denture .........
..... .
.

11~33 ,~SZ

cleanser Lablets. Thus, for example, -the cornposikions of the present inverltion may aclditiorlally be preparecl as household c~Leatlsers, such as launclry bleaches and toilet bowl cLeansers, ancl the l:ike. Depending upon the desired appLications, the cleansing composi-tions incluclincJ those havirlg -the Eade con-tro], agent, may include additional ingredients, such as soaps, perEumes, flavorings, and the like -that may ranye in total arnount as high as 5 - 10~. Preferably, these addi-tional ingredients are present in amounts of up to about 5%.

~ s used throughout -the present specification, all percentages are intended to be percent by weigh-t.

-,, rnab/`, . .

~ t~Sj~ 1 0894 g DETAILED DESCRIPTION
... . _ _ The effervescing cleansing compositions of the present invention comprise an oxidizing agent that may be an al-kali metal monopersulfate salt, present in an amount ranging from 35 - 60%3 and preferably 40 - 50% by weight.
The alkali meta1 monopersulfate salts are preferably the potassium or sodium salts, which are commercially avail-able. The potassium salt is preferred, and may, if de-sired, be employed in the form of a triple salt with po-tassium bisulFate and potassium sulfate, e~g~, KHS05.
KHS04.K2S04.

In ~he mole ratio oF about 2:1:1, the foregoing triple salt is known commercially by the trademark "OXONE~"
and is sold b.y E~Io duPont DeNemours & CoO, Inc.

The bleaching prsmot~r or component ;s likewise well known~ and may be selected from the group cons;sting of alkali and alkaline earth metal halides, in amounts ranging up to 20%, and preferably ranging from 10 - 20%
by weight of the composition~ The halide salt is prefer-ably selected from alkaline me~al halides such as the sod-7um and potassium salts. `In a preferred embodiment, sodi~
um chloride is utilized in an amount ranging between 10 and 20%.

The e~fervescence promoting compounds comprise the per-borate salts, including the alkali metal and alkaline earth ~etal perborates. Preferably~ the perborate salts are selected From ~he alkali metal salts, such as sodium .
and po,assium, and a preferred embodiment~ sodium perbor-ate monohydrate is utilized~ The perborate compounds un-expectedly promote effervescence by kheir reacti on wi th the halide component. The perborate compounds are ~83'75~ 1 0~94 theorized to react as reducing agents, thereby recycling the halide to react in turn with the oxidizing agent to promote greater effervescence.

The perborate compnunds may be present in amounts ranging from about 0.5 to 20%, and preferably from 0,7 to 15%.

As noted earlier, solutions obtained from the cleansing eomposltions possess a pH in the basic or alkaline range, which results in improved stain and soil removing capabil- I
ities. In a preferred embodiment, the pH of solutions ob- i tained from the present compositions may range as high as pH 11, and preferably resides within the pH of 8 to 10 .
In the instance where the present composi$ions are formu-lated as denture cleansers, the preparation of compositions whose solutions will possess a p~l within.the aforem~ntioned range facili~at~s the rapid removal of stains, with a re-- duction in the time that the dentur.es must reside in the cleansing solution, to as low as five minutes in some in-stances.

. In addition to promoting effervescence in an alkaline 1.
or basic pH, the perborate compounds react favorably wi th the chl.oride bleaching promotors to reduce or eliminate the irri~ating odor and aftertaste caused by the presence of the hyphochlorite resulting from the reaction of the chloride salt with the oxidizing agent. The elimination of the hypochlorite odor~permits the present compositions to ~e modified by the addition of perfuming agents and flavors, in the instanoe where the present oomposit~ons-arP to be formulated for.use as denture cleansers.

As noted earlier, the cleansing compositi~ns described above may be prepared in various formulationsa and, j I

~33~SZ

accordingly, ma~ contain certain additional ingredients selected on the basis oE desired end use. Thus, ~or e~an~ple, the composi.t:ions may incl~lde additio,lal detergent compounds, includillcJ orgarlic and ;.nor~anic detergents, including non-ionic de-tergents such as the various poly-ox~ethylene e-thers of aromatic ancl alipha-tic alcohols, as well as the polyo~yethylene ethers of hydropho~ic propylene o~ide polymers. These compounds assist in maintaining a Eoaming ac-tion, in the instance where the cleansing compositions are placed in aqueous solution.

Also, the compositions may con-tain other adjuvant materials, that may be inorganic or organic in structure. Thus, inorganic water-soluble alkaline builders such as alkal and alkaline ear';h met~l car-bonates, tetrapyophosphates, tripolyphosphates, phosphates, metasilicates and hydroxides, and mixtures of these may be added. Particularly, sodium carbonate may be present in an amount rangi~ng from 20 to 40~, and preferably in an amount of from 25 to 30~, as it functions not only as a builder, but enhances efferves-cence and assists in stabilizing the pH of the solutions obtained from the composition. In this latter capacity~
sodium hydroxide may be added to assist in pH
stabili~ation and may be presen-t in amounts of up to about 0.5~, and preferably 0.3gO to 0.5%.

The present compositions may also contain sequestrants for the purpose of maintaining solution clarity, in the instance where the compositions are placed in solution. Sequestran-ts useful in the present invention include ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) and its corresponding alkali sal~s, as well as other polyfunctional organic acids r such as citric acid, malelc acid, and their corresponding salts. The seques-trants may be present i.n amounts OL UP to abou-t I mab/ ~

~IL115 ~75;~

3.5~;, and preferably ~.3% to 3.5~ by we:ight oE the compos:ition.

In the i.n~tance where the comyos:i.ion is to be preparecl for use as a clenture cleanser, other addi-tives such as E:LavorincJs, coloran-ts, per~umes and the like may be added in various amounts, as men-tioned earl:ier. For example, the :Elavor:ings may include varieties of min-t. These materials may be included and blended in various combinations within the scope of the present invention. The choice o:E the required amoun-ts is likewise within the ski:Ll of the ar-t.

In the instance where the presen-t cleansing compositions are Eormulated for use as denture cleansers~
the colorants useful herein are those known as F.D~ &
C. and D. & C. dyes and lakes. These materials are certified by the Federal Food and Drug Ad~inistration as acceptable for use in food, dru.g and cosmetic applications, and drug and cosmetic colorings. The materials acceptable for the foregoing spectrum of use are preferably water-soluble, and include indigoid dye known as F.D. & C. Blue No. 2, which is the disodium salt of 5,5'-indigotindisulfonic acid. Similarly, the dye known as F.D. & C. Green No. l. comprises a triphenylmethane dye and is the monosodium salt o-f 4 14-(N-ethyl-p-sulfobenzylamino)diphenylmethylene~--~l-(N-ethyl-.N-p-~sulfoniumbenzyl)-Q~2/5-cyclohexadieniminel.
A full recitation of all F.D. & C. and D. & C. and their corresponding chemical structures may be found in the Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology~ at Volume 5, pages 857-884. Dyes and colorants will fade at different ra-tes and may be chosen to provi~e specific end points.

mab/ .
.

~3~75Z' 10894 The foregoiny colorants may be blended w;th each other in a variety of combinations. It is particularly desir-able that the colorants be chosen so that the composition when initially dissolved w;ll present a deep hue. This ;s ;mportant ;n the ;nstance where the composition serves as a denture cleanser, as the fading phenomenon embod;ed in denture cleansers can be more easily observed by the end user.

In accordance with a further embodiment of the ;nvention, the effervescing cleans;ng composit;ons may be prepared to ;nclude a fade control agent, ;n the instance where the composit;ons contain a co10rant such as previously des- ¦
cr;bed, and are ~o be utilized in applications where ces-sation of composition activity is signif;ed by disappear-1~ ance of the color. ~he fade control agent comprises a compound providing soluble halide ion. The halide com--~- ponent of the fade control agent may be selected from brom;de, iodide and chloride ion, and is preferably se- ~f lected from bromide and iodide ion.

The amount of fade control agent present in the composi-tion may vary, depending upon the end utility of the com-pos;tion, as the fade time of the colorants employed will Yary with the colorants, and with the end use to which the composit;on is put~ For example~ in the instance where the compos;tion is to be ut;lized as a denture cleanser3 it is desirable that the fade control agent be present in an amount sufficient to cause the total disappearance of the colorant within 18 minutes after a compos;tion con-tain;ng the colorant is placed in solutinn. Naturally, the amount of fade control agent present may be adjusted to accelerate the fading reaction and correspondingly to reduce the fade time.

~L183752 One of the surprisincJ aspects of the present invention, is that the :Eade control a~ents set :Eorth herein operate in a catalytic manner, in that minute quantities of the fade control agerlts can achieve substantial and precise facle time control. For example, in -the ins-tance where a dentu:re cleanser tablet is prepared having a weiyht of approximately 3.3 cJrams, with a content of about 4 milligrams of coloran-t, -the addition of 1 milli-gram of the fade control agen-t can effect the reduc-tion of the fade time of the colorant -to wi-thin about 12 minutes. Moreover, the inclusion of an additional 0.1 milligram of the fade con-trol agent -to the denture cleanser tablet causes a recluction of 1 minute in the fade -time.

The foregoi`ng resul-ts are par-ticularly advantageous in that -the addition of the presen-t Eade con-trol agent does not adversely effec-t the ini-t~al color reaction of -the composi~tion when placed in an aqueous solution. Prior art attemps to con-trol fade time by the addition of greater quantities of bleaches and -the like, have adversely effected the initial color reaction of the tablet, and have therefore been undesirable for use.

The particular fade control agents useful in accordance with the presen-t inven-tion c~mprise those compounds selected from the group consistin~ o:E the alkali metal sal-ts of bromine, chloride and iodine, individually or in mixtures wi-th each o-ther. The potassium salts o-E these compounds are generally preferred, and more particularly, the compounds pctassium bromide and potassium iodide have been found to be most eEEective.

The fade control agents may ~e added to -the cleansing ~ 14 -- ~- mab/`

~ 75Z' 1 0~94 compositions in amounts ranging from about 0.04 to about 0~3% by weight of the compositon. Preferably, the fade control agents may be present in an amount rang;ng from 0.04 to 0.18% by weight.

The compositions of the present invention are capable of preparation by a variety of techniques, depending upon the intended end use. In the instance w~ere the present compositions are to serve as denture cleansers~ it is desirable to prepare the compositions in tablet form. The use of the present compositions in table~ ~orm is commer-cially preferred9 as it is easier to achieve the uniformityof quantity and distribution of the ingredients of the com-positions that is necessary to assure the corresponding un-iform;ty of performance of the denture cleanser. Thus, cleanser tablets have been found to exhibit uniformity of color reaction, disintegration and fade time, and clean-ing ability on a tablet-to-tablet basis.

To enable the present composition to be prepared in tablet form, certain ingredients, including excipients9 tableting agents and the like are added, and the resulting composi-tion is then compressed to form the final tablet. ThPparticular tableting additives utilized herein comprise conventional materials normally utilized for such purpose, and may be selected and employed in amounts determined ' within the skill of the art.

In the instance where the contemplated composition is`to contain a halide such as sodium chloride, it is advisable to add the basic component such as sodium carbonate to the ingredients prior to adding the monopersulfate salt, 75'~

;n order to avoid undue or premature reactivity of the re-sult;ng mixture.

A fuller understanding of the present ;nvention will be gained from a rev;ew of the follow;ng illustrat;ve exam-ples~ Compositions representing both the alkaline effer-vescing system, and the fade control agent-are included.
Unless specified otherwise? all amounts expressed as per-~ cent are deemed to be percent by weight of-the total com-position, .

-~ A series of compositions were prepared for use as denture cleansers3 and comprised the jngredients set forth in Table 1, below.
' ' ' '' ~
The compositions were prepared in tablet form~ each tablet ,.
weighing approximately 3.3 gramsO The tablets were there-after immersed in approximately 125 milliliters of water maintained at a temperature of about 45~ C. The color re-action, disin~egration time, pH and fade time were noted. L

~:18;~5~

N ~ ~ N ~ ~ ¦ N

L~ Il') L~ O O ~1 In ~1 t~ t`~l ~ e;l~ r--l 1 r--I Ll') O O t'~l Lr~ ~1 lS7 O ~ ~ CO ~

~) r--~ (~ O Lr) ~ cn ~0 S~ O ~r r--~ r ~ 00 ~1 r--I ~ O Il') ~1 ~ O ~ O r--i ~1 0~ CO

O ~ ~ O 1~ ~ L~ ~1 U~ N N ~ r~
æ

X ~ au D 1d ~r I

O~o a) ,~ r ~ r O ~ t) Z ~ } o ~ ~ ~
æ ~ ~ r~ U~ ~ ~ rd r h r U~ O ~1 ~:J ~:; U O S ?
rd rd r-l O ~c r~ ~ r-l td O O :~r ~ r~; !~1 r-l ~ Q

r; ~ (`~) ~r 1~~) ~ 1_ CO ~ r--I i r--I rt mab/ I

~183'7S,2 ~ach of the tablets disintegrated within 5 minutes, and e~hibited initially a strong color reactiorl, yenerally bluisll on the basis of the dyes included in the colorants.

Favorable effervescence ~as likewise observed, and the pH of the solutions of each of the compositions ranged between 9.0 and 9.6. In the lnstance where the compositions contained -the fade control agent, fade time for -the colorant ranged between 7 and 17 minutes.

_ The compos:ition similar to tha-t oE Example 1, incremen-tal additions of potassium iodide were made, after -tablets of the composition were placed in ~eparate containers holding 125 milliliters of water, maintained at a tempera-ture of 45 degrees C. Four such containers were prepared having the incremental additions of potassium iodide se-t for-th in Table 2 below.
TABLE _ SAMPLE NO. POTASSIUM IODIDE ADDED (mg) FADE TIME (min.
....
1 0 (Control) 12

2 0.5 lQ

3 1.0 9

4 1.5 8 2.0 7 It is apparent from a review of Table 2, above that .5 milligram incremental a~ditions of potassium iodide effec-ted subs-tan-tial incremen-tal reduc-tions in -the fade time, the most signi-ficant change being that of 2 minutes reduction upon the addition of -the firs~
.5 milligram increment. It is apparent from the above that substantial fade time reductions can be achieved with minimal incremental additions mab/i . -~ 8~ 1()894 of the fade control agents.

This invention may be embodied in other forms or carried out in other ways without departing from the sp;r;t or essential characteristics thereof. The present invention is therefore to be considered as in all respects illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims, and all changes which corne with;n the meaning and range ~, of equivalency ere intended to be embraced therein.

Claims (45)

WHAT IS CLAIMED IS:

1. An effervescent cleansing composition comprising:
a.) an oxidizing agent containing a monopersulfate salt in an amount of from 35 to 60% by weight;
b.) a bleaching promoter selected from the group con-sisting of alkali metal and alkaline earth metal halides, said bleaching promoter present in an amount of up to about 20% by weight; and c.) an effervescence promoting compound comprising a perborate salt, present in an amount of from 0.5 to 20%
by weight;
wherein said effervescent cleansing composition ef-fervesces at an alkaline pH when placed in solution.

2. The composition of Claim 1 wherein said oxidizing agent comprises an alkali metal monopersulfate salt.

3. The composition of Claim 2 wherein said monopersul-fate salt comprises potassium monopersulfate.

4. The composition of Claims 1, 2 or 3 wherein said mono-persulfate salt is present in an amount of from 40 to 50% by weight.

5. The composition of Claim 1 wherein said bleaching promoter comprises an alkali metal halide.

6. The composition of Claim 5 wherein said halide is se-lected from the group consisting of chloride, bromide, iodide and mixtures thereof.

7. The composition of Claim 6 wherein said halide com-prises chloride, and said bleaching promoter is sodium chloride.

8. The composiiton of Claims 5, 6 or 7 wherein said bleaching promoter is present in an amount of from 10 to 20% by weight.

9. The composition of Claim 1 wherein said effervescence promoting compound comprises a perborate salt selected from the group consisting of alkali metal and alkaline earth metal perborates.

10. The composition of Claim 9 wherein said efferves-cence promoting compound comprises an alkali metal per-borate.

11. The composition of Claim 10 wherein said efferves-cence promoting compound comprises potassium perborate monohydrate.

12. The composition of Claims 9, 10 or 11 wherein said effervescence promoting compound is present in an amount of from 0.7 to 15% by weight.

13. The composition of Claim 1 further includes at least one material selected from the group consisting of build-ers, sequestrants, detergents, colorants, perfumes, fla-vorings, exipients, pH stabilizers, tableting agents, disintegrants, and mixtures thereof.

14. The composition of Claim 13 wherein said builders are selected from the group consisting of alkali metal carbonates, alkali metal phosphates, and mixtures there-of; said sequestrants comprise polyfunctional organic acids, and their alkali metal salts; said pH stabilizers comprise sodium hydroxide; and said colorants comprise at least one food, drug and cosmetic or drug and cosmetic grade dye or lake.

15. The composition of Claim 14 wherein said builders comprise sodium carbonate and or trisodium phosphate whose total amount ranges from 20 to 40% by weight;
said sequestrants comprise the alkali metal salts of ethy-lenediamine tetraacetic acid in an amount of from 0.3 -35% by weight; and said colorants are selected from food, drug and cosmetic grade dyes or lakes having the indivi-dual colors blue, red and green, and mixtures thereof, in amounts of up to about 0.5% by weight.

16. The composition of Claim 15 wherein at lesat one colorant is present, there is added to said composition a fade control agent comprising a compound providing soluble halide ion, and said fade control agent is present in an amount sufficient to promote the fading of said colorant within 18 minutes after said composition containing said colorant is placed in solution.

17. The composition of Claim 15 wherein at least one colorant is present, there is added to said composition a fade control agent comprising a compound providing soluble halide ion and said fade control agent is present in an amount of from 0.04% to 0.3% by weight.

18. The composition of Claim 17 wherein said fade con-trol agent is present in an amount of from 0.04 to 0.18%
by weight.

19. The composition of Claim 16 wherein said fade con-trol agent comprises a compound selected from the group consisting of the alkali metal bromides, chlorides and iodides, and mixtures thereof.

20. The composition of Claim 17 wherein said fade con-trol agent comprises a compound selected from the group consisting of the alkali metal bromides, chlorides and iodides, and mixtures thereof.

21. The composition of Claim 16 wherein said fade con-trol agent is selected from potassium bromide, potassium iodide and mixtures thereof.

22. The composition of Claim 17 wherein said fade con-trol agent is selected from potassium bromide, potassium iodide and mixtures thereof.

23. An effervescent cleansing composition comprising:
a.) an oxidizing agent comprising a monopersulfate salt in an amount of from 35 to 60% by weight, b.) a bleaching promoter comprising an alkali metal ha-lide in an amount of 10% to 20% by weight;
c.) an effervescence promoting compound comprising a perborate salt, in an amount of from 0.5% to 20% by weight;
d.) sodium carbonate in an amount of from 20 to 40% by weight; and e.) sodium hydroxide in an amount of up to about 0.5% by weight wherein said effervescent cleansing composition is operable to effervesce at an alkaline pH.

24. The composition of Claim 23 which yields a solution ranging in pH from about 8.0 to 10Ø

25. The composition of Claim 23 wherein said monopersul-fate salt comprises potassium monopersulfate and is pre-sent in an amount of from 40 to 50% by weight, and said bleaching promoter comprises sodium chloride.

26. The composition of Claim 23 wherein said perborate salt comprises an alkali metal perborate, selected from sodium perborate and potassium perborate, and is present in an amount of from 0.7 to 15% by weight.

27. The composition of Claim 26 wherein said perborate salt comprises sodium perborate.

28. The composition of Claim 23 further including at least one material selected from the group consisting of builders, detergents, seguestrants, colorants, perfumes, flavorings, excipients, tableting agents, disintegrants, and mixtures thereof.

29. The composition of Claim 28 wherein said builders comprise sodium carbonate and tri-sodium phosphate, said sequestrants comprise ethylene diamine tetracetic acid and its alkali metal salts, and said colorants are selected from the group consisting of food, drug and cosmetic and drug and cosmetic grade dyes and lakes.

30. The composition of Claim 29 wherein said builder is present in an amount of up to 4% by weight, said seques-trant is present in an amount of from 0.3 to 3.5% by weight, and said colorant is present in an amount of from .15 to 0.5% by weight.

31. An effervescent cleansing composition comprising:
a.) an oxidizing agent comprising a monopersulfate salt in an amount of from 35 to 60% by weight;
b.) a bleaching promoter comprising an alkali metal halide in an amount of 10 to 20% by weight;

c.) an effervescence promoting compound comprising a perborate salt, in an amount of from 0.5% to 20% by weight;
d.) sodium carbonate in an amount of from 20 to 40%;
e.) sodium hydroxide in an amount of up to about 0.5%;
f.) a colorant, comprising at least one food, drug and cosmetic grade, or drug and cosmetic grade dye or lake, in an amount of from about .15 to 0.5% by weight; and, g.) a fade control agent comprising a compound providing soluble halide ion in an amount sufficient to permit the fading of said colorant within 18 minutes after said com-position containing said colorant is placed in water.

32. An effervescent cleansing composition comprising:
a.) an oxidizing agent comprising a monopersulfate salt in an amount of from 35 to 60% by weight;
b.) a bleaching promoter comprising an alkali metal ha-lide in an amount of 10% to 20% by weight;
c.) an effervescence promoting compound comprising a perborate salt, in an amount of from 0.5% to 20% by weight;
d.) sodium carbonate in an amount of from 20 to 40%;
e.) sodium hydroxide in an amount of up to about 0.5%;
f.) a colorant, comprising at least one food, drug and cosmetic grade, or drug and cosmetic grade dye orlake, in an amount of from about .15 to 0.5% by weight; and, g.) a fade control agent comprising a compound providing soluble halide ion in an amount of from 0.04 to 0.3% by weight.

33. The composition of Claim 32 wherein said fade con-trol agent is present in an amount of from 0.04 to 0.18%
by weight.

34. The composition of Claim 32 wherein said fade control agent is selected from the group consisting of the alkali metal bromides, chlorides and iodides, and mixtures thereof.

35. The composition of Claim 34 wherein said fade control agent is selected from the group consisting of potassium bromide, potassium iodide and mixtures thereof.

36. The composition of Claim 32 further including at least one material selected from the group consisting of builders, detergents, lubricants, sequestrants, per-fumes, flavorings, excipients, tableting agents, disin-tegrants and mixtures thereof.

37. The composition of Claim 36 wherein said builders include sodium carbonate and trisodium phosphate, and said sequestrants comprise ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid and its alkali metal salts.

38. The composition of Claim 37 whrein said builders are present in an amount of up to 40% by weight, and said se-questrant is present in an amount of from 0.3 to 3.5% by weight.

39. A tablet useful as a denture cleanser comprising the composition of Claims 13, 14 or 15.

40. A tablet useful as a denture cleanser comprising the composition of Claim 16.

41. A tablet useful as a denture cleanser comprising the composition of Claim 17.

42. A tablet useful as a denture cleanser comprising the composition of Claims 18 or 19.

43. A tablet useful as a denture cleanser comprising the composition of Claims 28, 29 or 30.

44. A tablet useful as a denture cleanser comprising the composition of Claims 34 or 36.

45. A tablet useful as a denture cleanser comprising the composition of Claims 33, 37 or 38.