CA1182161A - Coil unit and coil form for electrical machines - Google Patents
Coil unit and coil form for electrical machinesInfo
- Publication number
- CA1182161A CA1182161A CA000407872A CA407872A CA1182161A CA 1182161 A CA1182161 A CA 1182161A CA 000407872 A CA000407872 A CA 000407872A CA 407872 A CA407872 A CA 407872A CA 1182161 A CA1182161 A CA 1182161A
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- Prior art keywords
- coil
- tubular member
- winding
- invention defined
- serrations
- Prior art date
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Abstract
COIL UNIT AND COIL FORM
FOR ELECTRICAL MACHINES
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A coil unit for use in brushless and ironless armature motors which includes the form upon which the same is wound and providing, in its complete form, a self supporting coil unit which may be inserted into the laminations or soft iron shell of a motor.
The complete coil unit includes a plurality of individual coils which are arranged in skewed, longitudinal, side-by-side relation to one another and the individual windings of the coils are positioned on both the inner and outer surfaces of the coil form, the inner and outer windings pairs being diametrically opposed to one another to thereby provide a pair of diametrically opposed coil portions which are connected in series aiding fashion.
The coil form is a thin, longitudinally extending, tubular member of a non-magnetic material providing coil winding and locating cutouts or serrations on the longitudinal ends thereof. The cutouts provide a winding surface for the turns of the coils, the surface being angularly offset to a plane arranged radially to the axis of the coil form, and a positioning surface being angularly offset to an axially extending plane such that the last turn of one winding may lie in side-by-side relation to that of the next winding.
FOR ELECTRICAL MACHINES
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A coil unit for use in brushless and ironless armature motors which includes the form upon which the same is wound and providing, in its complete form, a self supporting coil unit which may be inserted into the laminations or soft iron shell of a motor.
The complete coil unit includes a plurality of individual coils which are arranged in skewed, longitudinal, side-by-side relation to one another and the individual windings of the coils are positioned on both the inner and outer surfaces of the coil form, the inner and outer windings pairs being diametrically opposed to one another to thereby provide a pair of diametrically opposed coil portions which are connected in series aiding fashion.
The coil form is a thin, longitudinally extending, tubular member of a non-magnetic material providing coil winding and locating cutouts or serrations on the longitudinal ends thereof. The cutouts provide a winding surface for the turns of the coils, the surface being angularly offset to a plane arranged radially to the axis of the coil form, and a positioning surface being angularly offset to an axially extending plane such that the last turn of one winding may lie in side-by-side relation to that of the next winding.
Description
COIL UNIT AND COIL FORM
FOR ELECTRICAL MACHINES
Yield of the Invention _ : This invention relates generally to the excitation o coils of electric motors and specifically to the windings of and winding support elements for the excitable coils which are u~ed in brushless and ironless armature motors or other electrical machines.
, Background of the Invention Brushless and ironless armature motors are we].l known in the prior art.
: In brushless motors, where the windings . are provided as part of the stator, it is common to provide winding locating slots in the iron of the - motor shell and to locate the windings therein.
Normally, the coils are wound and then placed into and secured within the formed slots. The forms upon which the coils are wound provide the shaping 20 of and for the coils and often do not become an integral portion of the completed motor, .
¦ In his consideratiQn of the prior art, pert~nent patent ar~ in the wlnding of such coils appears,illustrated by the United States Patents to Miyasaka, No~ 4,123,679 and Xagami, No~ 4,0197075~
S Neither of these patents, however, provides a coll form which remains as an integral portion o the wound coil and neither of whlch provides a single coil element which, in effect~ due to the electrical angle o the w~ndings, provides a pair . 10 of coil portions which are connected to each other . in serles aiding relationship~
. In the coil provided in the Miyasaka . referencet it is necessary to physically locate the : desired and to, somehow, posltion the wire formlng :j 15 the coil at such point and to thereafter sequentially orm the following windings ~herearound~ The Miyasaka reference also provldes a wound coil which will be electrLcally inconsistent at these apical regions o winding 20 unless there is no concern for a loss of wound ~: length of the coil and the apical portions thereo . are then d~sregarded. The coil unit resulting from . the applicant's invention provides for consistent electrical propert~es along the entire wound 25 cylinder and this utilization results in both an . electr:Lcally efficient and an economical coil unit . by making use o all the winding ma erial provided.
The coil winding resulting rom the : application of the principals of the Ragami 30 reference is not of the skewed variety and is . rather concerned with hexa~onal winding ~o therefore re~ult in a hexagonal coil. The wound hexagonal portions are formed about a cylindrical coil former in a fashion to eliminate any coil .
.1 .. . ...... ........ ................. .. .. .. .. .
overwrap exceeding t~o coil thicknesses, This reference doe~ provlde a comparison o bobbinless and spool winding of coils and it appears that the applicant'~ method and resulting coil unit ~ould, 5 at mo~t, be compated to a spool me'chod wherein the spool forms a portion of the resulting winding.
Applicant also i~ ~w~r~ of ~he followin~
: ~ prior art paten~s and documents, namely, 13. 5.
Patent Nos. 1~402,587, 1,572,047; 1,S37,649;
10 3,356,877; 3,360,668, 3,431~63~, 3,6~8,~79;
3,904,851p 4,103,196; U. K. Patent ~loO 1930S,937;
Patentschrift 139375 (German Democratic Republic);
: and Offenlegungsschrift 2003729 (Federal Republic of Germany).
None of the above prior art provides any teachings that would directly include the applicant' ~ concept nor enable one skilled in the ~rt to arrive at applicant's concept.
Summary of t~!~
~he coil unit and ooil ~orm as provided herein include a longitudinally extending, tubular member :Eormed o a relatively thin, non-magnetic material having inwardly directed~ sawteeth-like wire and winding locating cutouts or serrations on 25 the respective ends of the same. ~he wires forming the individual coils are located in the ormed cutouts or errations and each coil, in its inished form, is self-supporting.
The inner diameter of the coil form is 30 determined by adding the desired gap to the : diameter of the magnet~ carried by the rotor of the motor and adding the diameter or thickne~s of the w1~e to be wound thereto. The fiDished~
-- ~ " -self~supporting coil unit is designed to be inserted into the stator laminations or 50ft iron shell o the stator and lamlnated or potted in place. The self-supporting coil unit a~ described here~n will simplify the normal proces~ of winding the statorc The finished9 self supporting coil unit i~ o a relatively thin radial dimension, depending upon the diameter or thickne s o the wire wound upon the coil for~ ~
The windings for the coils are skewed about the coil form and the ~errations provide a Pirst, wire locatlng surface arranged at an angle ; with respect to a radial plane passing through the ,l 15 coil form having a length to position the desired number of winding turns of the individua~ coil in ~ide-by-side relation thereon~ ~he next succeeding windlng will begin at the longitudinally innermost portion of a cutout and in order to provid~ that adjacen~ coils are in close, side-by-side relation the lon~itudinally arranged surface of the cutout portions is arranged angularly with respect to a longitudinally extending plane through the axis of the coi:L form. This will provide the last turn of ~5 an individual coil to lie adjacent the innermost angle of ~he cutout portion and thus allow the turn receivecl in such ;nnermost portion to lie adjacent thereto.
In winding the individual coils about the coil for~, a single coil winding will pass twice about the outer periphery of the coil form and twice on the inner surface thereof~ Such a winding will provide a pair of individual coil portions positioned in diametric opposition to one another with the same being connected in series aiding fashion.
_ The coils provided and ~he coil form allowlng for the winding of ~uch complete coils _ then providec a relatively thin unit having a high density of copper or conductor and whi~h provides a S ~ubstantially strong mechanical assembly. A mQtor . using such coils will have a high Uni~ Torque versus Unit Volume efficiency and the use of the : coils will eliminate slot cogging which ls of . particular importance for servo applicatlons.
~t is therefo~ an object of the . applicant's lnvention to provide a coil form for . the winding of a relatively thin excitation ield coil unit for a brushless or ironless armature :: motor.
It is a further object of the applicant' 8 invention to provide a coil form or the winding of . an excatable winding thereon having wire locating and positioning s~rfaces on the longitudinal ends thereof such that the individual turn~ of a single . ¦ 20 coil may be posi~ively posltioned in a ~ide-by-side . relation.
. It is a further object of the applicant'~
invention to provide a relat~vely thin multi-coil windin~ or use in brushless or ironless armature 25 motors wherein there is no overlapping of the : indivildual turns of the compl~te coil unit.
It is still a further object of the applicant's invention to provide a multi-coil winding for use in the stator of a brushless or 30 ironless armature moltor wherein the coil8 ar2 ~ arranged in skewed fashion upon a coil form.
; . It is still a further object of the applicant's invention to provide a multi~coil : winding for a brushless or ironless armature motor 35 wherein the individual coils include a pair of coil ~ 6~
portions arranqed in dia~etrically opposed relation to one another and may be connected in series aiding relation.
These and further objects of the applicant's lnvention will more ully appear from a eonRideration o the description o a preerred - form of the invention following hereafter.
Descr~p~n of_t~
The following i~ a brief description of ~h~ accompanying drawings in which the sa~e numeral or indicia ls used to identify the same or similar parts throughout tbe several views, and 1n which:
.~ Figure 1 is a perSpeGtiVe view of a ~: complete/ multi~coil coll unit for use in a ,,- 15 brushless or ironless armature motor embodying the concepts of the applicant' 5 invention;
: Figure 2 i a perspective view of the ; coil form upon which a multi-coil coil unit is wound and tracing an individual winding of a co~l . 20 thereons Figure 3 is a perspective view of the . coil form for the winding of a multl-coil winding, Figure 4 is an end view taken from one end of the coil form;
Figure 5 is a side elevation of the coil . form;
Figure 6 is an illustration o a portion ~ of a longitudinal end portion of the coil form and : being drawn to an enlarged scale; and, . 30 Figure 7 is a vi.ew similar to Figure 6 and illustrating the placement of adjacent ~~ indiYidual coils in side-by-side relation as the i same will result fro~ the use of this form.
~7-DescriPtion of a Preferred Embodiment In ~ccordance with the accompanying _ drawings, the complete multi-coil and coil form which may be utilized ~n an ironless armature or S brushless motor is illustrated in Figure 1 and i5 designated in its entirety 10. The unlt 10 includes the coil form 11 and the coils 12 that are . wound thereon. A single winding of a coil 12 is illustrated in Figure 2 to illustrate the method in : 10 which the comple~e, mul~i-coil unit i~ wound and ~ the advantages of the co~l form 11 of the : invention.
. The coil form 11 consists o a . longitudinally extendlng, tubular member, Pormed of 15 a non-magnetic material and havin~ sa~teeth-like cutouts or serrations, generally designated 13, on each @nd thereofO
: The serrations 13 provide a pair of . surfaces for the positioning of the turns o and thu~ the coil w~ndings therein. A ~irst of these surface~ is designated 14 and, as illustra~ed ln . Figure ~, is arranged at an angle with respect to a i radial plane R which is arranged normal to the axis ' of the coil form 11. The second of these surfaces : 25 is designated lS and is arranged at an angle with respect to a longitudinally extending plane passing through the axis of the coil form 11, the plane beiny designated T. The junction of these two surfaces 149 15 then provides a notched area with 30 the longitudinally innermost portion deslgnated 16 and the outermost portion designated 17~
The coils and coll form as illustrated herein provide for five (S~ coils and therefore effectively provides ten ( 10 ) individual coll 35 portions which are connected in series aiding ~2~
fashion. The angle o surface 14 with respec~ to . plane R in this partlcular configura~ion is preferably fifteen degrees, but this angle may be selected from withln the range o ten degrees to : S thirty degrees~ The angl.e of surace 15 with respect to plane T is, for this coniguration, . twenty-six degrees.
: Certain criteria exists for surface 14 and one such requirement i~ that the length thereof . 10 must accommodate the number of individual turns that are placed thereon, each being in side-by-side relation. It ls also necessary that adjacent coils are in side-by-side rela~ion as particularly illustrated in Yigure 7. As illus~ra~ed therein~
. 15 the final turn of one coil is adjacent to the first turn of the next adjacent coil and therefore the . applicant has provided the angular relationship of . gurface 15 to plane T.
In the form shown~ he multi~coil unit 20 embodieæ five (5) coils. A single winding for one of such coils i~ illustrated in Figure 2. With a startinq point of point A, the wire extends to pQint B about the outer periphery of ~he form 11, point B being displaced 9G from point A and 25 thereafter along the inner surface of the form 11 to point C, point C again being dlsplaced 90 rom point B~ thence along the outer periphery of the ~: form 11 to point D and then along the inner surface ; t~ point A~, Points A, B~ C and D are spaced 90 30 from each other and thus points A and C and point~
B and D are spaced 180 from each other. With the five coils illustrated, it should be apparent that there are ~cen ( 10 ) such serrations on each end of 'che form 11.
.
Modificat~ons 1n the skewed effect for the coils may be obt~ined ln accordance w1th the illustration o Figure 5. As shown therein, winding surfaces 14 on the respective ends o the form 11 may be in longitudinal allgnment with each other or they may be shifted as illustrated by the indicia S. In the form shown, S represents a longitudinal, ~ngular offset of 18. ~lth this angular offset, the physical m~asurement of the offset i5 one half of the angular tooth width for a ten (10) tooth version. In this case the teeth are 36 wide, but it should be obvious that varia~ions in the number of colls will modify thls particular relat~onship.
lS Wîth the winding of the individual coils as illustrated, it should be obvious that the coil portions arranged on the inner and outer surfaces of the coil form are diametrically opposed to one another and thus each complete winding provides a ~0 pa~ir of excitable coil portions which wlll be an improvement in brushless or ironless armature motors.
With the coil form as illustrated and discussed herein, a self-supporting unit is provided. This unit may be inserted, in wound form, into the inner diameter of a soft iron stator or may be inserted into the inner diameter of the motors laminations as is particularly illustrated and discussed in my EPO Application Mo. 81300092 filed January 9, 1981 and entitled BRUS~LESS D.C. MOTOR AND CONTROL CIRCUIT T~IEREFORE, published July 22, 1981 in Bulletin 8129 under Pub. No. 0-032-441-A2 and now abandoned.
In the case of ironless armature motor applications, the self-supporting coil structure will rotate freely about the inner and outer magnetic path providing struc~ure and this coil form and resulting coil will improve the 'corque, -- ripple characteristics of ~uch a motor.
It ~hould be obvious that the appl icant S has provided a unique coil form and with the windings thereof a unique coil unit for use ln an ironless armature or brus~le~s doc~ motor. The unit may al~o have utility in other electrical machines " such as those with brushes and/or wher 10 the coil form may be compr ised o magnetic - ma'cer lal .
i ,,
FOR ELECTRICAL MACHINES
Yield of the Invention _ : This invention relates generally to the excitation o coils of electric motors and specifically to the windings of and winding support elements for the excitable coils which are u~ed in brushless and ironless armature motors or other electrical machines.
, Background of the Invention Brushless and ironless armature motors are we].l known in the prior art.
: In brushless motors, where the windings . are provided as part of the stator, it is common to provide winding locating slots in the iron of the - motor shell and to locate the windings therein.
Normally, the coils are wound and then placed into and secured within the formed slots. The forms upon which the coils are wound provide the shaping 20 of and for the coils and often do not become an integral portion of the completed motor, .
¦ In his consideratiQn of the prior art, pert~nent patent ar~ in the wlnding of such coils appears,illustrated by the United States Patents to Miyasaka, No~ 4,123,679 and Xagami, No~ 4,0197075~
S Neither of these patents, however, provides a coll form which remains as an integral portion o the wound coil and neither of whlch provides a single coil element which, in effect~ due to the electrical angle o the w~ndings, provides a pair . 10 of coil portions which are connected to each other . in serles aiding relationship~
. In the coil provided in the Miyasaka . referencet it is necessary to physically locate the : desired and to, somehow, posltion the wire formlng :j 15 the coil at such point and to thereafter sequentially orm the following windings ~herearound~ The Miyasaka reference also provldes a wound coil which will be electrLcally inconsistent at these apical regions o winding 20 unless there is no concern for a loss of wound ~: length of the coil and the apical portions thereo . are then d~sregarded. The coil unit resulting from . the applicant's invention provides for consistent electrical propert~es along the entire wound 25 cylinder and this utilization results in both an . electr:Lcally efficient and an economical coil unit . by making use o all the winding ma erial provided.
The coil winding resulting rom the : application of the principals of the Ragami 30 reference is not of the skewed variety and is . rather concerned with hexa~onal winding ~o therefore re~ult in a hexagonal coil. The wound hexagonal portions are formed about a cylindrical coil former in a fashion to eliminate any coil .
.1 .. . ...... ........ ................. .. .. .. .. .
overwrap exceeding t~o coil thicknesses, This reference doe~ provlde a comparison o bobbinless and spool winding of coils and it appears that the applicant'~ method and resulting coil unit ~ould, 5 at mo~t, be compated to a spool me'chod wherein the spool forms a portion of the resulting winding.
Applicant also i~ ~w~r~ of ~he followin~
: ~ prior art paten~s and documents, namely, 13. 5.
Patent Nos. 1~402,587, 1,572,047; 1,S37,649;
10 3,356,877; 3,360,668, 3,431~63~, 3,6~8,~79;
3,904,851p 4,103,196; U. K. Patent ~loO 1930S,937;
Patentschrift 139375 (German Democratic Republic);
: and Offenlegungsschrift 2003729 (Federal Republic of Germany).
None of the above prior art provides any teachings that would directly include the applicant' ~ concept nor enable one skilled in the ~rt to arrive at applicant's concept.
Summary of t~!~
~he coil unit and ooil ~orm as provided herein include a longitudinally extending, tubular member :Eormed o a relatively thin, non-magnetic material having inwardly directed~ sawteeth-like wire and winding locating cutouts or serrations on 25 the respective ends of the same. ~he wires forming the individual coils are located in the ormed cutouts or errations and each coil, in its inished form, is self-supporting.
The inner diameter of the coil form is 30 determined by adding the desired gap to the : diameter of the magnet~ carried by the rotor of the motor and adding the diameter or thickne~s of the w1~e to be wound thereto. The fiDished~
-- ~ " -self~supporting coil unit is designed to be inserted into the stator laminations or 50ft iron shell o the stator and lamlnated or potted in place. The self-supporting coil unit a~ described here~n will simplify the normal proces~ of winding the statorc The finished9 self supporting coil unit i~ o a relatively thin radial dimension, depending upon the diameter or thickne s o the wire wound upon the coil for~ ~
The windings for the coils are skewed about the coil form and the ~errations provide a Pirst, wire locatlng surface arranged at an angle ; with respect to a radial plane passing through the ,l 15 coil form having a length to position the desired number of winding turns of the individua~ coil in ~ide-by-side relation thereon~ ~he next succeeding windlng will begin at the longitudinally innermost portion of a cutout and in order to provid~ that adjacen~ coils are in close, side-by-side relation the lon~itudinally arranged surface of the cutout portions is arranged angularly with respect to a longitudinally extending plane through the axis of the coi:L form. This will provide the last turn of ~5 an individual coil to lie adjacent the innermost angle of ~he cutout portion and thus allow the turn receivecl in such ;nnermost portion to lie adjacent thereto.
In winding the individual coils about the coil for~, a single coil winding will pass twice about the outer periphery of the coil form and twice on the inner surface thereof~ Such a winding will provide a pair of individual coil portions positioned in diametric opposition to one another with the same being connected in series aiding fashion.
_ The coils provided and ~he coil form allowlng for the winding of ~uch complete coils _ then providec a relatively thin unit having a high density of copper or conductor and whi~h provides a S ~ubstantially strong mechanical assembly. A mQtor . using such coils will have a high Uni~ Torque versus Unit Volume efficiency and the use of the : coils will eliminate slot cogging which ls of . particular importance for servo applicatlons.
~t is therefo~ an object of the . applicant's lnvention to provide a coil form for . the winding of a relatively thin excitation ield coil unit for a brushless or ironless armature :: motor.
It is a further object of the applicant' 8 invention to provide a coil form or the winding of . an excatable winding thereon having wire locating and positioning s~rfaces on the longitudinal ends thereof such that the individual turn~ of a single . ¦ 20 coil may be posi~ively posltioned in a ~ide-by-side . relation.
. It is a further object of the applicant'~
invention to provide a relat~vely thin multi-coil windin~ or use in brushless or ironless armature 25 motors wherein there is no overlapping of the : indivildual turns of the compl~te coil unit.
It is still a further object of the applicant's invention to provide a multi-coil winding for use in the stator of a brushless or 30 ironless armature moltor wherein the coil8 ar2 ~ arranged in skewed fashion upon a coil form.
; . It is still a further object of the applicant's invention to provide a multi~coil : winding for a brushless or ironless armature motor 35 wherein the individual coils include a pair of coil ~ 6~
portions arranqed in dia~etrically opposed relation to one another and may be connected in series aiding relation.
These and further objects of the applicant's lnvention will more ully appear from a eonRideration o the description o a preerred - form of the invention following hereafter.
Descr~p~n of_t~
The following i~ a brief description of ~h~ accompanying drawings in which the sa~e numeral or indicia ls used to identify the same or similar parts throughout tbe several views, and 1n which:
.~ Figure 1 is a perSpeGtiVe view of a ~: complete/ multi~coil coll unit for use in a ,,- 15 brushless or ironless armature motor embodying the concepts of the applicant' 5 invention;
: Figure 2 i a perspective view of the ; coil form upon which a multi-coil coil unit is wound and tracing an individual winding of a co~l . 20 thereons Figure 3 is a perspective view of the . coil form for the winding of a multl-coil winding, Figure 4 is an end view taken from one end of the coil form;
Figure 5 is a side elevation of the coil . form;
Figure 6 is an illustration o a portion ~ of a longitudinal end portion of the coil form and : being drawn to an enlarged scale; and, . 30 Figure 7 is a vi.ew similar to Figure 6 and illustrating the placement of adjacent ~~ indiYidual coils in side-by-side relation as the i same will result fro~ the use of this form.
~7-DescriPtion of a Preferred Embodiment In ~ccordance with the accompanying _ drawings, the complete multi-coil and coil form which may be utilized ~n an ironless armature or S brushless motor is illustrated in Figure 1 and i5 designated in its entirety 10. The unlt 10 includes the coil form 11 and the coils 12 that are . wound thereon. A single winding of a coil 12 is illustrated in Figure 2 to illustrate the method in : 10 which the comple~e, mul~i-coil unit i~ wound and ~ the advantages of the co~l form 11 of the : invention.
. The coil form 11 consists o a . longitudinally extendlng, tubular member, Pormed of 15 a non-magnetic material and havin~ sa~teeth-like cutouts or serrations, generally designated 13, on each @nd thereofO
: The serrations 13 provide a pair of . surfaces for the positioning of the turns o and thu~ the coil w~ndings therein. A ~irst of these surface~ is designated 14 and, as illustra~ed ln . Figure ~, is arranged at an angle with respect to a i radial plane R which is arranged normal to the axis ' of the coil form 11. The second of these surfaces : 25 is designated lS and is arranged at an angle with respect to a longitudinally extending plane passing through the axis of the coil form 11, the plane beiny designated T. The junction of these two surfaces 149 15 then provides a notched area with 30 the longitudinally innermost portion deslgnated 16 and the outermost portion designated 17~
The coils and coll form as illustrated herein provide for five (S~ coils and therefore effectively provides ten ( 10 ) individual coll 35 portions which are connected in series aiding ~2~
fashion. The angle o surface 14 with respec~ to . plane R in this partlcular configura~ion is preferably fifteen degrees, but this angle may be selected from withln the range o ten degrees to : S thirty degrees~ The angl.e of surace 15 with respect to plane T is, for this coniguration, . twenty-six degrees.
: Certain criteria exists for surface 14 and one such requirement i~ that the length thereof . 10 must accommodate the number of individual turns that are placed thereon, each being in side-by-side relation. It ls also necessary that adjacent coils are in side-by-side rela~ion as particularly illustrated in Yigure 7. As illus~ra~ed therein~
. 15 the final turn of one coil is adjacent to the first turn of the next adjacent coil and therefore the . applicant has provided the angular relationship of . gurface 15 to plane T.
In the form shown~ he multi~coil unit 20 embodieæ five (5) coils. A single winding for one of such coils i~ illustrated in Figure 2. With a startinq point of point A, the wire extends to pQint B about the outer periphery of ~he form 11, point B being displaced 9G from point A and 25 thereafter along the inner surface of the form 11 to point C, point C again being dlsplaced 90 rom point B~ thence along the outer periphery of the ~: form 11 to point D and then along the inner surface ; t~ point A~, Points A, B~ C and D are spaced 90 30 from each other and thus points A and C and point~
B and D are spaced 180 from each other. With the five coils illustrated, it should be apparent that there are ~cen ( 10 ) such serrations on each end of 'che form 11.
.
Modificat~ons 1n the skewed effect for the coils may be obt~ined ln accordance w1th the illustration o Figure 5. As shown therein, winding surfaces 14 on the respective ends o the form 11 may be in longitudinal allgnment with each other or they may be shifted as illustrated by the indicia S. In the form shown, S represents a longitudinal, ~ngular offset of 18. ~lth this angular offset, the physical m~asurement of the offset i5 one half of the angular tooth width for a ten (10) tooth version. In this case the teeth are 36 wide, but it should be obvious that varia~ions in the number of colls will modify thls particular relat~onship.
lS Wîth the winding of the individual coils as illustrated, it should be obvious that the coil portions arranged on the inner and outer surfaces of the coil form are diametrically opposed to one another and thus each complete winding provides a ~0 pa~ir of excitable coil portions which wlll be an improvement in brushless or ironless armature motors.
With the coil form as illustrated and discussed herein, a self-supporting unit is provided. This unit may be inserted, in wound form, into the inner diameter of a soft iron stator or may be inserted into the inner diameter of the motors laminations as is particularly illustrated and discussed in my EPO Application Mo. 81300092 filed January 9, 1981 and entitled BRUS~LESS D.C. MOTOR AND CONTROL CIRCUIT T~IEREFORE, published July 22, 1981 in Bulletin 8129 under Pub. No. 0-032-441-A2 and now abandoned.
In the case of ironless armature motor applications, the self-supporting coil structure will rotate freely about the inner and outer magnetic path providing struc~ure and this coil form and resulting coil will improve the 'corque, -- ripple characteristics of ~uch a motor.
It ~hould be obvious that the appl icant S has provided a unique coil form and with the windings thereof a unique coil unit for use ln an ironless armature or brus~le~s doc~ motor. The unit may al~o have utility in other electrical machines " such as those with brushes and/or wher 10 the coil form may be compr ised o magnetic - ma'cer lal .
i ,,
Claims (14)
OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. A coil form and coils for use in electrical machines, comprising:
(a) a longitudinally extending tubular member;
(b) a plurality of winding locating serrations arranged about the circumference of each of the first and second longitudinal ends of said member;
(c) each of said serrations including a first and a second surface, said first surface being arranged angularly with respect to a plane extending through and normal to the axis of said tubular member;
(d) a plurality of coils wound upon said tubular member, each coil including a winding extending from a starting serration at one end of the tubular member and making at least two passes about the outer and inner surfaces of the tubular member before returning to the starting seration, each pass extending diagonally from a serration at one end of the tubular member over one of the outer or inner surfaces of the tubular member to an angularly displaced serration at the other end of the tubular member and then diagonally over the other of the outer or inner surfaces of the tubular member to an angularly displaced serration at the one end of the tubular member.
(a) a longitudinally extending tubular member;
(b) a plurality of winding locating serrations arranged about the circumference of each of the first and second longitudinal ends of said member;
(c) each of said serrations including a first and a second surface, said first surface being arranged angularly with respect to a plane extending through and normal to the axis of said tubular member;
(d) a plurality of coils wound upon said tubular member, each coil including a winding extending from a starting serration at one end of the tubular member and making at least two passes about the outer and inner surfaces of the tubular member before returning to the starting seration, each pass extending diagonally from a serration at one end of the tubular member over one of the outer or inner surfaces of the tubular member to an angularly displaced serration at the other end of the tubular member and then diagonally over the other of the outer or inner surfaces of the tubular member to an angularly displaced serration at the one end of the tubular member.
2. The invention defined in claim 1 wherein the number of winding locating serrations at each end of the tubular member is at least twice the number of coils wound upon the tubular member.
3. The invention defined in claim 2 wherein there is an even number of coils wound upon said tubular member.
4. The invention defined in claim 2 wherein there is an odd number of coils wound upon said tubular member.
5. The invention defined in claim 2 wherein portions of each coil lie diametrically opposite each other on he tubular member.
6. The invention defined in claim 2 wherein the said second serration surfaces are arranged angularly with respect to a plane extending longitudinally with the axis of said tubular member.
7. The invention defined in claims 2 or 6 wherein multiple windings of each coil occupy most of the first serration surface of each serration contacted by said windings, the windings at the sides of each coil lie directly adjacent the windings of adjoining coils and the entire inner and outer surfaces of the tubular member, inwardly of its serrations, are occupied by windings in side-by-side relation.
8. The invention defined in claim 3 wherein the serrations at the first end of the tubular member are longitudinally aligned with the serrations at the second end of the tubular member.
9. The invention defined in claim 4 wherein the serrations at the first end of the tubular member are angularly offset from the serrations at the second end of the tubular member.
10. The invention defined in claim 2 wherein the serrations sequentially contacted by each winding are displaced 90° from each other whereby each winding returns to its starting serration after two passes.
11. The invention defined in claim 2 wherein each serration first surface is angularly offset from said plane in a range of from 10° to 30°.
12. The invention defined in claim 11 wherein the angle of offset is 15°.
13. The invention defined in claim 6 wherein each serration second surface is angularly offset from said longitudinal plane at an angle of 26°.
14 . The invention defined in claim 5 wherein the said portions of each coil are connected in series-aiding relation.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000407872A CA1182161A (en) | 1982-07-22 | 1982-07-22 | Coil unit and coil form for electrical machines |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000407872A CA1182161A (en) | 1982-07-22 | 1982-07-22 | Coil unit and coil form for electrical machines |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1182161A true CA1182161A (en) | 1985-02-05 |
Family
ID=4123269
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000407872A Expired CA1182161A (en) | 1982-07-22 | 1982-07-22 | Coil unit and coil form for electrical machines |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1182161A (en) |
-
1982
- 1982-07-22 CA CA000407872A patent/CA1182161A/en not_active Expired
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