CA1176863A - Building structure - Google Patents
Building structureInfo
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- CA1176863A CA1176863A CA000403209A CA403209A CA1176863A CA 1176863 A CA1176863 A CA 1176863A CA 000403209 A CA000403209 A CA 000403209A CA 403209 A CA403209 A CA 403209A CA 1176863 A CA1176863 A CA 1176863A
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- vapour barrier
- slabs
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Abstract
TITLE: BUILDING STRUCTURE CANADA
INVENTOR: Michael Charles Ogus ABSTRACT
A multi-storey building structure is disclosed.
The structure is conventional in that it includes a plurality of floor slabs supported by vertical columns.
However, in contrast to conventional structures, the floor spaces are closed in at the exterior of the building by a structural sheet metal vapour barrier sealed in moisture impervious relationship to the slabs and to windows in the building. The vapour barrier supports external insulation which is covered by non-structural cladding.
INVENTOR: Michael Charles Ogus ABSTRACT
A multi-storey building structure is disclosed.
The structure is conventional in that it includes a plurality of floor slabs supported by vertical columns.
However, in contrast to conventional structures, the floor spaces are closed in at the exterior of the building by a structural sheet metal vapour barrier sealed in moisture impervious relationship to the slabs and to windows in the building. The vapour barrier supports external insulation which is covered by non-structural cladding.
Description
1~76863 - This invention relates to multi-storey building structures.
Conventional multi-storey building structures essen-tially include a series of floor slabs, usually of re-inforced concrete, supported by columns with so-called "curtain walls" or other wall structures supported between the floor slabs, e.g. by way of both the columns and inter-mediate vertical supports between the floors. A disadvan-tage of this type of structure is that it is difficult to insulate to provide high heat insulation factors. As a result, conventional buildings typically exhibi' relatively high rates of heat loss.
An object of the present invention is t~ provide a multi-storey building structure having an improved vapour barrier.
The structure provided by the invention includes a plurality of floor slabs supported by vertical columns and defining floor spaces between the slabs. Window and door assemblies are disposed at the exterior of the structure and are supported between at least some of the slabs and each floor space is closed in by a structural sheet metal vapour barrier. The barrier comprises a plurality of sheet metal panels secured to the slabs and to the window and door assemblies in substantially moisture impervious relationship. External, non-structural cIadding is provided outwardly of the vapour barrier.
~17686`3 , It has been found in practice that a structure of this form can be insulated relatively easily by attaching insulation directly to the exterior of the sheet metal vapour barrier. The vapour barrier prevents moisture from the building condensing in contact with the insulation and at the same time closes the floor spaces against the ele-ments. By way of example, semi-rigid glass fibre insula-tion can readily be secured to the exterior of the vapour barrier, for example, by retaining pins extending outwardly from the vapour barrier through the insulation and fitted with lock washers externally of the insulation. The vapour barrier may be mounted flush with the edges of the floor slabs, in which case the insulation can also~cover the floor slabs.
Various forms of cladding can then be provided at the exterior of the insulation to provide the required external appearance on the building. For example, pre-cast concrete facing panels can be used to cover the in-sulation.
The window and aoor structures (where provided) can also be supported by the structural vapour barrier. Ob-viously, in an office building, door assemblies only will normally be provided above ground floor level.
A third function of the structural vapour barrier is that it can be used to support internal walls in the buila-ing, e.g. panelling, wall board or other similar structures.
In order that the invention may be more clearly under-S stood, reference will now be made to the accompanying drawings which illustrate a preferred embodiment of the invention by way of example, and in which:
Fig. 1 is a side elevation of a building constructed accor~ing to the invention, with part of the exterior of the building broken away;
Fig. 2 is a detail sectional view of the part of the building indicated in ghost outline at A in Fig. l;
Figs. 3(a) and (b) are two perspective views il-lustrating panels used to form the structural vapour barrier of the building;
Fig. 4 is a vertical sectional view on line iv-iv of Fig. 2;
Figs. 5 and 6 are views similar to Fig. 4 showing other parts of the vapour barrier;
Fig. 7 is a horizontal sectional view taken at a corner of the building shown in Figs. 1 and 2; and, Fig. 8 is a perspective view of an expansion joint between two sections of a floor slab.
Referring first to Fig. 1, a multi-storey building is shown as including a plurality of floor slabs, some of which are indicated by reference numeral 20, supported by vertical columns, two of which are indicated by ref-erence numeral 24. In the particular construction .
: ' .
illustrated, cladding is in fact provided to cover the actual columns at the exterior of the building, so in fact, the cladding and not the columns themselves would be visible from the exterior; however, for practical pur-poses, reference numerals 24 can be taken as indicatingthe columns themselves. ~ part only of the building has been shown in Fig. l since the construction is essentially the same throughout. The columns support the floor slabs in conventional fashion and are constructed in the normal manner, typically of reinforced concrete.
Floor spaces defined between the slabs are generally indicated by reference numeral 26 and window assemblies are indicated at 28 and are supported between the floor slabs at the exterior of the building as will be described.
In this particular building the door assemblies are not - shown but they would in practice be supported in the same way as the windows.
i It will be noted that the window assemblies are of relatively low overall height compared with the spaces between the window. This is a design feature adopted in order to minimize the window space through which heat can be lost. It has been found that, by providing con-tinuous windows between the supporting columns, adequate light is available at the interior of the building, even though the windows themselves are of relatively low over-all height. At ground floor level, full length windows have, however, been adopted because of aesthetic consider-ations.
1~76863 Fig. 2 shows one of the window assemblies between two adjacent floor slabs. The window assembly is denoted by reference numeral 28 in Fig. 2 and has been shown inter-rupted by a break line for ease of illustration: similarly, the walls above and below the window have also been broken away.
Parts of the two floor slabs above and below window assembly 28 are also shown in Fig. 2 and a suspended ceiling below the upper slab is shown in ghost outline at 30. Suspension arms for the ceiling are indicated at 32.
Slmilarly, a false floor 34 is carried by supports 36 above the lower flor slab and defines an equipment gallery 38 above that slab. A housing for a heater assembly (not sho~n) is shown at 40 above floor 34. Parts of the struc-tural steel vapour barrier referred to above are generallydenoted by reference numeral 42 in Fig. 2 and extend in-wardly from the two slabs to the window assembly 28. The vapour barrier closes in the floor space and supports ex-ternal insulation generally indicated at 44. Cladding in the form of pre-cast concrete facing panels 46 is provided externally of insulation 44. These panesl are simply sup-ported from projections 20a on the floor slabs in conven-tional fashion; they form no structural part of the building.
Each panel has inwardly projecting portions 46a along its upper and lower margins and closed ends 46b, which simply butt against the cladding for the supporting columns 24 and are sealed thereto.
1~76863 - Referring now to Fig. 2 in somewhat more detail, it will be seen that the window assembly 28 is triple glazed, the three panes of glass are indicated by reference num-eral 48 and are set in a hollow frame S0, the internal 5 space of which is filled wit~ insulation 52. A pair of spaced parallel flanges 50a and 50b project from the inner side of frame 50 parallel to the sheets of glass 48. The sheet metal vapour barrier 42 lies flush against the inner one of these flanges and a mastic sealing strip 54 extends around the window frame at the inner edges of the vapour barrier and between the two flanges 50a and 50b. Rigid non-asbestos fire proofing material is then sprayed onto the inner surface of the vapour barrier as indicated by reference numeral 56. Self-tapping screws 58 are then in-serted through the outçrmost flange 5ob and into the fireproofing material.
Vapour barrier 42 extends outwardly (vertically) from the window frame 50 to the respective slabs 20 and is sec-ured to the slabs by concrete anchors 60. A conven-tional liquid-applied vapour barrier extends over the end edges of the floor slabs as indicated by reference numeral 62 and the sheet metal vapour barrier then con-tinues above and below the slabs as indicated at 42. The structure of the sheet metal vapour barrier will be described in more detail with reference to Fig. 3. How-ever, before referring to that view, it may be convenient to continue with the description of Fig. 2.
1~76863 As indicated above, insulation indicated at 44 is provided externally of the metal vapour barrier 42 and covers the end faces of the floor slabs 20. Typically, this insulation will be semi-rigid gIass fibre insula-tion bonded with sealant. Vertical flanges on the vapour barrier 42 are embedded in the insulation as shown in dotted outline at 64. In addition, pins, such as the pin indicated at 66, are welded to the vapour barrier and ex-tend out through the insulation to further assist inholding the insulation in place. A push-on retaining washer 68 is provided on pin 66 against the outer surface of the insulation.
Window assembly 28 is located laterally by upper and lower brackets 72 which extend between the window frame 50 and the facing panels 46 above and below the window. The brackets are in fact engaged in channels 50c in the upper and lower surfaces of the window frame and are secured to the inner vertical faces at the lower end of the top facing panel and at the upper end of the bottom facing panel re-spectively with the interposition of shims 70. The weight of the window assembly is taken on the lower brackets 72 while the brackets at the top of the window assembly assist in restraining the assembly laterally. The brackets 72 are each relatively short in length and are spaced from one an-other along the window, in this case on approximately 2' 6"
centres. Each bracket 72 is filled with glass fibre in-sulation and further insulation is provided between ,thebracket and the bottom of the rigid insuIation 44 as indi-cated by reference numeral 74.
A perforated insect screen 76 is provided between the window frame 50 and the facing panel 46 at the top of the window assembly while a sill panel 77 is provided in a cor-responding position below the window panes. CauIking be-tween,the sill 77 and the relevant panel 46 is provided with ~penings (not shown) for permitting the entry of air.
At the bottom end of each panel, a series of spaced openings 46c are provided and act as condensate drains.
It wlll be appreciated that this const~uction allows equalizatlon of pressure between the space within each panel and the atmosphere at the exterior of the building.
As a result, the wind loading on the building is in effect applied against the vapour barrier 42. In any building, moisture will normally seep in through the outer "skin" of the building. In the present case, the design is based on the assumption that moisture will enter at the interior of the panels 46 but the condensate drains 46c allow this moisture to drain away.
Referring nou to Fig. 3, the view denoted (a) shows two pane~s of the vapour barrier 46 intended to be dis-10posed respectively above and below a window assembly.
The view denoted ~b) on the other hand shows a con-tinuous floor to ceiling panel intended to extend between two adjacent floor slabs where there is no window. This panel is generally denoted by reference numeral 78 while the other two panels are denoted respectively 781 and 782 .
Panel 78 comprises a main flat central portion 78a having inwardly directed flanges 78b and 78c at its top and bottom edges respectively. The vertical edges of the panel are provided wit~ oppositely directed flanges 78d and 78e. Each flange has a bevelled outer edge for ease of installation.
The two panels 781 and 782 considered together as shown in Fig.3(a) are essentially very similar to panel 78 cut horizontally in half; however, the flange 78d at the left hand vertical edge of panel 78 as shown has been replaced by a simple bevelled edge. The two panels 781 and 782 have plain inner edges intended to be dis-posed respectively above and below a window frame as shown in Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is a horizontal sectional view on line iv-iv of Fig. 2 and shows the lower window panel 782 of Fig. 3~a) joined to another similar panel below the window; of course similar joints would be used if panel 782 were to be joined to a full length panel 78. It will be seen that the left hand end of panel 782 as shown in Fig. 3(a) 1~76863 is overlapped with a portion of the right hand end of the adjacent panel, and the two panels are sealed together by continuous seals formed, in this embodiment, by a length of sealing tape 80 at one side of the interface and, at S the other, by a continuous bead of caulking 82 and backing 84. A self tapping screw 86 extends through the tape 80 to mechanically connect the two panels and a series of such screws would in fact be used along the length of the tape.
All screws are also caulked. The flange which extends out-wardly from the left hand panel in Fig. 4 is the flange in-dicated at 64 in Fig. 2 and is embedded in the rigid fiberglass insulation.
Fig. 5 shows a similar connection between two of the full length panels 78 of Fig. 3(b). In this case, the panels are arranged so that the flange 78d of one panel extends inwardly of the vapour barrier while the flange 78e of the other extends outwardly. Flange 78e would be embedded in the rigid fiberglas insulation at the exterior of the building, while flange 78d provides a face for sup-porting internal walls such as the wallboard indicated at 88 in Fig. 5. A seif tapping screw securing the wallboard to the panel is indicated at 90. The two panels are sec-ured together by tape, caulking and backing in the same fashion as the panels in Fig. 4.
It should be noted at this stage that, although Fig. 4 has been described as showing two panels of the form shown in Fig. 3(a) panels having flanges at both vertical edges could of course be used with a window assembly where an internal flange is required for supporting wall board; in that case, a full length panel might well simply be cut down in length to leave plain inner edges ge'nerally of,the form shown in Fig.'3(a).
Fig.' 6 shows a control joint between two panels.
Control joints will typically be provided at intervals along a wall as determined by the architect responsible.
In this case, the-two panels are denoted respectively 78' and 78" and the panel shown at the right, denoted 78", has a plain left hand edge 92. An expansion strip 94 bridges the o~erlapping portions of the two panels 78' and 78" and is secured individually to the two panels by screws 96 and 98 passing through sealing tape 100 and 102. Again, cauIking beads are provided at the outer edges of the joint and are generally denoted 103 and 104. This form of expansion joint can of,course be used both with panels of the form shown in Fig.'3(a) and with panels of the form shown in Fig.' 3(b).
Fig. 8 illustrates an expansion joint between two portions of a floor slab, denoted 20a and 20b, between which mineral fire stopping 104 is provided. Structural vapour barrier panels below the floor slabs are generally indicated at 12. Conventional 'liquid applied vapour barrier on the floor slabs is indicated at 62. At the l edge of the slabs, the joint between the two slab sections ¦ 25 is sealed by a sheet metal panel 106 having an inwardly 1 extending V-shape configuration 106a extending into the ! fire stopping material 104. This section allows for ex-i~76863 pansion and contraction between the slab sections. The sheet metal panel is secured to the slab section using sealant tape and mechanical fasteners. The vapour barrier panels 42 are also given a V-shape configuration below panel 106 as indicated at 94.
Finally, Fig. 7 is a horizontal sectional view through one of the supporting columns 24 o~ the building at a corner. The floor slab is indicated at 20 and the floor slab extensions supporting the facing panel 46 are indicated at 20a. The edge of the slab is indicated in dotted outline in Fig. 7. It will be seen that the column 24 is inset somewhat from the exterior of the building and is enclosed by the sheet metal vapour barrier 42. The insulation externally of the vapour barrier is indicated at 44. Reference numeral 108 shows a cladding panel around column 24. Panel 108 is angled because it is disposed at the corner of the building but similar, straight panels are used for the columns along the side walls of the building.
It will be appreciated from the foregoing that the structural sheet metal vapour barrier provided by the invention serves not only the function of a vapour barrier, but also facilitates securing of virtually any amount of insulation to the exterior of the barrier. At the same time, the barrier can be used for supporting internal walls.
11~76~363 It shouId also be noted that the preceding descrip-tion relates to a particuIar preferred embodiment of the invention only and that many modifications are possible within the-broad scope of the invention.
Conventional multi-storey building structures essen-tially include a series of floor slabs, usually of re-inforced concrete, supported by columns with so-called "curtain walls" or other wall structures supported between the floor slabs, e.g. by way of both the columns and inter-mediate vertical supports between the floors. A disadvan-tage of this type of structure is that it is difficult to insulate to provide high heat insulation factors. As a result, conventional buildings typically exhibi' relatively high rates of heat loss.
An object of the present invention is t~ provide a multi-storey building structure having an improved vapour barrier.
The structure provided by the invention includes a plurality of floor slabs supported by vertical columns and defining floor spaces between the slabs. Window and door assemblies are disposed at the exterior of the structure and are supported between at least some of the slabs and each floor space is closed in by a structural sheet metal vapour barrier. The barrier comprises a plurality of sheet metal panels secured to the slabs and to the window and door assemblies in substantially moisture impervious relationship. External, non-structural cIadding is provided outwardly of the vapour barrier.
~17686`3 , It has been found in practice that a structure of this form can be insulated relatively easily by attaching insulation directly to the exterior of the sheet metal vapour barrier. The vapour barrier prevents moisture from the building condensing in contact with the insulation and at the same time closes the floor spaces against the ele-ments. By way of example, semi-rigid glass fibre insula-tion can readily be secured to the exterior of the vapour barrier, for example, by retaining pins extending outwardly from the vapour barrier through the insulation and fitted with lock washers externally of the insulation. The vapour barrier may be mounted flush with the edges of the floor slabs, in which case the insulation can also~cover the floor slabs.
Various forms of cladding can then be provided at the exterior of the insulation to provide the required external appearance on the building. For example, pre-cast concrete facing panels can be used to cover the in-sulation.
The window and aoor structures (where provided) can also be supported by the structural vapour barrier. Ob-viously, in an office building, door assemblies only will normally be provided above ground floor level.
A third function of the structural vapour barrier is that it can be used to support internal walls in the buila-ing, e.g. panelling, wall board or other similar structures.
In order that the invention may be more clearly under-S stood, reference will now be made to the accompanying drawings which illustrate a preferred embodiment of the invention by way of example, and in which:
Fig. 1 is a side elevation of a building constructed accor~ing to the invention, with part of the exterior of the building broken away;
Fig. 2 is a detail sectional view of the part of the building indicated in ghost outline at A in Fig. l;
Figs. 3(a) and (b) are two perspective views il-lustrating panels used to form the structural vapour barrier of the building;
Fig. 4 is a vertical sectional view on line iv-iv of Fig. 2;
Figs. 5 and 6 are views similar to Fig. 4 showing other parts of the vapour barrier;
Fig. 7 is a horizontal sectional view taken at a corner of the building shown in Figs. 1 and 2; and, Fig. 8 is a perspective view of an expansion joint between two sections of a floor slab.
Referring first to Fig. 1, a multi-storey building is shown as including a plurality of floor slabs, some of which are indicated by reference numeral 20, supported by vertical columns, two of which are indicated by ref-erence numeral 24. In the particular construction .
: ' .
illustrated, cladding is in fact provided to cover the actual columns at the exterior of the building, so in fact, the cladding and not the columns themselves would be visible from the exterior; however, for practical pur-poses, reference numerals 24 can be taken as indicatingthe columns themselves. ~ part only of the building has been shown in Fig. l since the construction is essentially the same throughout. The columns support the floor slabs in conventional fashion and are constructed in the normal manner, typically of reinforced concrete.
Floor spaces defined between the slabs are generally indicated by reference numeral 26 and window assemblies are indicated at 28 and are supported between the floor slabs at the exterior of the building as will be described.
In this particular building the door assemblies are not - shown but they would in practice be supported in the same way as the windows.
i It will be noted that the window assemblies are of relatively low overall height compared with the spaces between the window. This is a design feature adopted in order to minimize the window space through which heat can be lost. It has been found that, by providing con-tinuous windows between the supporting columns, adequate light is available at the interior of the building, even though the windows themselves are of relatively low over-all height. At ground floor level, full length windows have, however, been adopted because of aesthetic consider-ations.
1~76863 Fig. 2 shows one of the window assemblies between two adjacent floor slabs. The window assembly is denoted by reference numeral 28 in Fig. 2 and has been shown inter-rupted by a break line for ease of illustration: similarly, the walls above and below the window have also been broken away.
Parts of the two floor slabs above and below window assembly 28 are also shown in Fig. 2 and a suspended ceiling below the upper slab is shown in ghost outline at 30. Suspension arms for the ceiling are indicated at 32.
Slmilarly, a false floor 34 is carried by supports 36 above the lower flor slab and defines an equipment gallery 38 above that slab. A housing for a heater assembly (not sho~n) is shown at 40 above floor 34. Parts of the struc-tural steel vapour barrier referred to above are generallydenoted by reference numeral 42 in Fig. 2 and extend in-wardly from the two slabs to the window assembly 28. The vapour barrier closes in the floor space and supports ex-ternal insulation generally indicated at 44. Cladding in the form of pre-cast concrete facing panels 46 is provided externally of insulation 44. These panesl are simply sup-ported from projections 20a on the floor slabs in conven-tional fashion; they form no structural part of the building.
Each panel has inwardly projecting portions 46a along its upper and lower margins and closed ends 46b, which simply butt against the cladding for the supporting columns 24 and are sealed thereto.
1~76863 - Referring now to Fig. 2 in somewhat more detail, it will be seen that the window assembly 28 is triple glazed, the three panes of glass are indicated by reference num-eral 48 and are set in a hollow frame S0, the internal 5 space of which is filled wit~ insulation 52. A pair of spaced parallel flanges 50a and 50b project from the inner side of frame 50 parallel to the sheets of glass 48. The sheet metal vapour barrier 42 lies flush against the inner one of these flanges and a mastic sealing strip 54 extends around the window frame at the inner edges of the vapour barrier and between the two flanges 50a and 50b. Rigid non-asbestos fire proofing material is then sprayed onto the inner surface of the vapour barrier as indicated by reference numeral 56. Self-tapping screws 58 are then in-serted through the outçrmost flange 5ob and into the fireproofing material.
Vapour barrier 42 extends outwardly (vertically) from the window frame 50 to the respective slabs 20 and is sec-ured to the slabs by concrete anchors 60. A conven-tional liquid-applied vapour barrier extends over the end edges of the floor slabs as indicated by reference numeral 62 and the sheet metal vapour barrier then con-tinues above and below the slabs as indicated at 42. The structure of the sheet metal vapour barrier will be described in more detail with reference to Fig. 3. How-ever, before referring to that view, it may be convenient to continue with the description of Fig. 2.
1~76863 As indicated above, insulation indicated at 44 is provided externally of the metal vapour barrier 42 and covers the end faces of the floor slabs 20. Typically, this insulation will be semi-rigid gIass fibre insula-tion bonded with sealant. Vertical flanges on the vapour barrier 42 are embedded in the insulation as shown in dotted outline at 64. In addition, pins, such as the pin indicated at 66, are welded to the vapour barrier and ex-tend out through the insulation to further assist inholding the insulation in place. A push-on retaining washer 68 is provided on pin 66 against the outer surface of the insulation.
Window assembly 28 is located laterally by upper and lower brackets 72 which extend between the window frame 50 and the facing panels 46 above and below the window. The brackets are in fact engaged in channels 50c in the upper and lower surfaces of the window frame and are secured to the inner vertical faces at the lower end of the top facing panel and at the upper end of the bottom facing panel re-spectively with the interposition of shims 70. The weight of the window assembly is taken on the lower brackets 72 while the brackets at the top of the window assembly assist in restraining the assembly laterally. The brackets 72 are each relatively short in length and are spaced from one an-other along the window, in this case on approximately 2' 6"
centres. Each bracket 72 is filled with glass fibre in-sulation and further insulation is provided between ,thebracket and the bottom of the rigid insuIation 44 as indi-cated by reference numeral 74.
A perforated insect screen 76 is provided between the window frame 50 and the facing panel 46 at the top of the window assembly while a sill panel 77 is provided in a cor-responding position below the window panes. CauIking be-tween,the sill 77 and the relevant panel 46 is provided with ~penings (not shown) for permitting the entry of air.
At the bottom end of each panel, a series of spaced openings 46c are provided and act as condensate drains.
It wlll be appreciated that this const~uction allows equalizatlon of pressure between the space within each panel and the atmosphere at the exterior of the building.
As a result, the wind loading on the building is in effect applied against the vapour barrier 42. In any building, moisture will normally seep in through the outer "skin" of the building. In the present case, the design is based on the assumption that moisture will enter at the interior of the panels 46 but the condensate drains 46c allow this moisture to drain away.
Referring nou to Fig. 3, the view denoted (a) shows two pane~s of the vapour barrier 46 intended to be dis-10posed respectively above and below a window assembly.
The view denoted ~b) on the other hand shows a con-tinuous floor to ceiling panel intended to extend between two adjacent floor slabs where there is no window. This panel is generally denoted by reference numeral 78 while the other two panels are denoted respectively 781 and 782 .
Panel 78 comprises a main flat central portion 78a having inwardly directed flanges 78b and 78c at its top and bottom edges respectively. The vertical edges of the panel are provided wit~ oppositely directed flanges 78d and 78e. Each flange has a bevelled outer edge for ease of installation.
The two panels 781 and 782 considered together as shown in Fig.3(a) are essentially very similar to panel 78 cut horizontally in half; however, the flange 78d at the left hand vertical edge of panel 78 as shown has been replaced by a simple bevelled edge. The two panels 781 and 782 have plain inner edges intended to be dis-posed respectively above and below a window frame as shown in Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is a horizontal sectional view on line iv-iv of Fig. 2 and shows the lower window panel 782 of Fig. 3~a) joined to another similar panel below the window; of course similar joints would be used if panel 782 were to be joined to a full length panel 78. It will be seen that the left hand end of panel 782 as shown in Fig. 3(a) 1~76863 is overlapped with a portion of the right hand end of the adjacent panel, and the two panels are sealed together by continuous seals formed, in this embodiment, by a length of sealing tape 80 at one side of the interface and, at S the other, by a continuous bead of caulking 82 and backing 84. A self tapping screw 86 extends through the tape 80 to mechanically connect the two panels and a series of such screws would in fact be used along the length of the tape.
All screws are also caulked. The flange which extends out-wardly from the left hand panel in Fig. 4 is the flange in-dicated at 64 in Fig. 2 and is embedded in the rigid fiberglass insulation.
Fig. 5 shows a similar connection between two of the full length panels 78 of Fig. 3(b). In this case, the panels are arranged so that the flange 78d of one panel extends inwardly of the vapour barrier while the flange 78e of the other extends outwardly. Flange 78e would be embedded in the rigid fiberglas insulation at the exterior of the building, while flange 78d provides a face for sup-porting internal walls such as the wallboard indicated at 88 in Fig. 5. A seif tapping screw securing the wallboard to the panel is indicated at 90. The two panels are sec-ured together by tape, caulking and backing in the same fashion as the panels in Fig. 4.
It should be noted at this stage that, although Fig. 4 has been described as showing two panels of the form shown in Fig. 3(a) panels having flanges at both vertical edges could of course be used with a window assembly where an internal flange is required for supporting wall board; in that case, a full length panel might well simply be cut down in length to leave plain inner edges ge'nerally of,the form shown in Fig.'3(a).
Fig.' 6 shows a control joint between two panels.
Control joints will typically be provided at intervals along a wall as determined by the architect responsible.
In this case, the-two panels are denoted respectively 78' and 78" and the panel shown at the right, denoted 78", has a plain left hand edge 92. An expansion strip 94 bridges the o~erlapping portions of the two panels 78' and 78" and is secured individually to the two panels by screws 96 and 98 passing through sealing tape 100 and 102. Again, cauIking beads are provided at the outer edges of the joint and are generally denoted 103 and 104. This form of expansion joint can of,course be used both with panels of the form shown in Fig.'3(a) and with panels of the form shown in Fig.' 3(b).
Fig. 8 illustrates an expansion joint between two portions of a floor slab, denoted 20a and 20b, between which mineral fire stopping 104 is provided. Structural vapour barrier panels below the floor slabs are generally indicated at 12. Conventional 'liquid applied vapour barrier on the floor slabs is indicated at 62. At the l edge of the slabs, the joint between the two slab sections ¦ 25 is sealed by a sheet metal panel 106 having an inwardly 1 extending V-shape configuration 106a extending into the ! fire stopping material 104. This section allows for ex-i~76863 pansion and contraction between the slab sections. The sheet metal panel is secured to the slab section using sealant tape and mechanical fasteners. The vapour barrier panels 42 are also given a V-shape configuration below panel 106 as indicated at 94.
Finally, Fig. 7 is a horizontal sectional view through one of the supporting columns 24 o~ the building at a corner. The floor slab is indicated at 20 and the floor slab extensions supporting the facing panel 46 are indicated at 20a. The edge of the slab is indicated in dotted outline in Fig. 7. It will be seen that the column 24 is inset somewhat from the exterior of the building and is enclosed by the sheet metal vapour barrier 42. The insulation externally of the vapour barrier is indicated at 44. Reference numeral 108 shows a cladding panel around column 24. Panel 108 is angled because it is disposed at the corner of the building but similar, straight panels are used for the columns along the side walls of the building.
It will be appreciated from the foregoing that the structural sheet metal vapour barrier provided by the invention serves not only the function of a vapour barrier, but also facilitates securing of virtually any amount of insulation to the exterior of the barrier. At the same time, the barrier can be used for supporting internal walls.
11~76~363 It shouId also be noted that the preceding descrip-tion relates to a particuIar preferred embodiment of the invention only and that many modifications are possible within the-broad scope of the invention.
Claims (11)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. A multi-storey building structure having;
a plurality of floor slabs supported by vertical columns and defining floor spaces between the slabs; and, window and door assemblies disposed at the ex-terior of the structure and supported between at least some of the slabs;
wherein a structural vapour barrier is provided closing in said floor spaces at the exterior of the structure, said vapour barrier comprising a plurality of sheet metal panels secured to the slabs and to said assemblies in substantially moisture impervious relation-ship;
and wherein external non-structural cladding is provided outwardly of the vapour barrier.
a plurality of floor slabs supported by vertical columns and defining floor spaces between the slabs; and, window and door assemblies disposed at the ex-terior of the structure and supported between at least some of the slabs;
wherein a structural vapour barrier is provided closing in said floor spaces at the exterior of the structure, said vapour barrier comprising a plurality of sheet metal panels secured to the slabs and to said assemblies in substantially moisture impervious relation-ship;
and wherein external non-structural cladding is provided outwardly of the vapour barrier.
2. A structure as claimed in claim 1, further com-prising insulation secured externally to said vapour barrier and enclosed by said cladding.
3. A structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein each said panels extends between two adjacent floor slabs and is of generally rectangular shape having substantially vertical side edges.
4. A structure as claimed in claim 3, wherein some of said panels have outwardly directed vertical flanges, and wherein the structure further comprises in-sulation disposed externally of said vapour barrier and in which said flanges are embedded.
5. A structure as claimed in claim 3, wherein at least some of said panels have vertical flanges directed inwardly of the building and shaped to support internal walls of the building.
6. A structure as claimed in claim 3, wherein said panels are joined together with vertical marginal portions of said panels in overlapping relationship and with sub-stantially moisture impervious seals between said over-lapping portions.
7. A structure as claimed in claim 3, further com-prising expansion joints connected between at least some adjacent ones of said panels and sealed to the panels so as to permit expansion therebetween.
8. A structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein at least some of said floor slabs are formed in sections separated from one another by fire-stopping material, and wherein portions of said vapour barrier are provided across ends of said fire-stopping and are shaped to permit expansion between said sections.
9. A structure as claimed in claim 1, further com-prising rigid fire-proofing material applied to internal surfaces of said vapour barrier.
10. A structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein at least some of said window assemblies each have a window frame which is hollow, and in which the internal space in the frame is filled with insulation.
11. A structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein said cladding comprises panels secured to said floor slabs between the columns, said panels defining spaces out-wardly of said vapour barrier which are vented to the exterior of the structure, and wherein drain openings are provided to permit drainage of accumulated moisture from said spaces.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000403209A CA1176863A (en) | 1982-05-18 | 1982-05-18 | Building structure |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000403209A CA1176863A (en) | 1982-05-18 | 1982-05-18 | Building structure |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1176863A true CA1176863A (en) | 1984-10-30 |
Family
ID=4122808
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000403209A Expired CA1176863A (en) | 1982-05-18 | 1982-05-18 | Building structure |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1176863A (en) |
-
1982
- 1982-05-18 CA CA000403209A patent/CA1176863A/en not_active Expired
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