CA1175670A - Building block module and method of construction - Google Patents
Building block module and method of constructionInfo
- Publication number
- CA1175670A CA1175670A CA000408693A CA408693A CA1175670A CA 1175670 A CA1175670 A CA 1175670A CA 000408693 A CA000408693 A CA 000408693A CA 408693 A CA408693 A CA 408693A CA 1175670 A CA1175670 A CA 1175670A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- building
- modules
- building modules
- sides
- reinforcing bars
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Landscapes
- Load-Bearing And Curtain Walls (AREA)
Abstract
BUILDING BLOCK MODULE AND METHOD OF CONSTRUCTION
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A method of construction is disclosed employ-ing reinforced concrete building block modules which are assembled into load bearing walls. The modules are configured as hollow rectangles with each of the corners beveled and with reinforcing rods extending through each of the top, bottom and sides of the rectangle and into the bevel spaces. After assembling the modules into wall structures, the adjacent reinforcing rods are joined to each other and the bevel spaces filled in with concrete. The modules are optionally provided with attached or integrally formed exterior and/or interior facing panels and the hollow space within each module is adapted to be filled with foam insulation. In the resulting wall structure, the sides of each of the modules act as load bearing columns supporting the building floors, with the weight thereof transmitted into the columns by the top of each module acting as an arch. In an alternate form of the invention, the connection between reinforcing rods is provided by tensioning arrangements which also draw the block mod-ules and floor together.
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A method of construction is disclosed employ-ing reinforced concrete building block modules which are assembled into load bearing walls. The modules are configured as hollow rectangles with each of the corners beveled and with reinforcing rods extending through each of the top, bottom and sides of the rectangle and into the bevel spaces. After assembling the modules into wall structures, the adjacent reinforcing rods are joined to each other and the bevel spaces filled in with concrete. The modules are optionally provided with attached or integrally formed exterior and/or interior facing panels and the hollow space within each module is adapted to be filled with foam insulation. In the resulting wall structure, the sides of each of the modules act as load bearing columns supporting the building floors, with the weight thereof transmitted into the columns by the top of each module acting as an arch. In an alternate form of the invention, the connection between reinforcing rods is provided by tensioning arrangements which also draw the block mod-ules and floor together.
Description
-7~
~ACKG~OUND ART
This invention concerns buildina construction and more particularly a precast building block module and method of constructing buildings utilizing the mod-ule. A common Eorm of modern building construction is steel frame in which columns and beams of structural steel are assembled into a Eramework which supports the weight of the walls, floors and other components of the building, which are secured to the framewor~. Such construction is relatively expensive due to the high cos-t of structural steel and re~uires relatively expen-sive on site labor for -the installation of the walls and ceiling panels to the steel framework.
In an effort to reduce the costs of construction for relatively low-rise buildings, i.e. 20 stories or lessl reinforced concrete construction has also been commonly employed. In such construction, concrete forms are ~rected at the site, steel reinforcing rods placed in the forms, and concrete poured into these forms to create walls, load bearing columns, and floors of reinforced concrete. The interior and exterior facing panels are then secured to the reinforced concrete structure result-in~ in reinforced concrete structure. Concrete is much less expensive than steel as a structural material, and material costs are greatly reduced in this latter con-struction. However, on site labor is still quite ex~tensive and thus this method still results in expensive construction. On site labor is carried out under uncon-trolled site conditions, and the resultant scheduling problems resulting from the need for on time arrival of materials and various types of workers all escalate the cost of such labor over the costs of factory labor. For these reasons, fabrication of construction components can be carried at much lower costs in factory settings.
Other forms of construction have also been utilized, such as solid or hollow block walls, but ~,, ~7~7~
this construction requires relatively intensive labor and also requires separate on site attaching of the exterior and interior panels.
In an effort to reduce the on site labor in-volved in reinforced concrete type construction, ithas heretofore been proposed and implemented to utilize a special prefabricated form for pouring concrete as dis-closed in U.S. Patent No. 4l098,042. This patent des-cribes a system for carrying out building construction by use of prefabrication sheet metal concrete form.s to enable the reinforced concrete construction to be more rapidly carried out to greatly reduce the on site labor.
However, considerahle on site labor remains in the pour-ing of the concrete and in the installation of the interior and exterior facing panels as well as any required insulation.
Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a method of erecting and system of wall and floor structure, and a prefabricated build-ing bloc~ module utilized therein which results in areinforced concrete structure with a great reduction in on site labor.
It is still another object of the present invention to provide such method and module by which the on site labor in installing the wall insulation and the exterior and interior wall panels is ~reatly reduced.
Still another object of the present invention is to provide a huilding block module and system and method of wall and floor construction of reinforced concrete by which the extent of on site pouring of con-crete is minimized.
It is still another object of the present in-vention to provide such a method and module for rein-forced concrete construction in which the necessity for the on site erection of concrete forms is substantially eliminated.
~3--DISCLOSURE OF TH~ INVENTIOM
These and other ob~ects of the present inven-tion are achieved by a method in which precast building block modules o~ precast reinforced concrete are erected into vertical walls which are integrated into a wall-floor system, whereby the walls support the buildingfloors. The building block modules consist of generally rectangular hollow blocks o~ reinforced concrete, with generally beveled corners. Reinforcing bars or rods are cast within each of the sides, top and bottom o~
the mo~ule and extend into and through the spaces created by the beveling of the corners.
The spacing of the sides of the rectangular module is such as to correspond to the necessary column sizing and spacing for the particular building design.
The modules are assembled into vertical walls aligned over each other and in end to end and side and top and bottom abutment. The beveled spaces enable the vertical and horizontal rods to be rerodded together with the spaces then filled with concrete to form solid columns of reinforced concrete construction through which continuous reinforcing extends. The buildin~ modules are also provided with integral or separately attached external panels which come into abutment to provide the building exterior face when -the modules are assembled in-to the walls.
The building floors are poured or precast floor sections are assembled into position atop the building modules with the beveled tops each actin~ as arches transmitting the weight of the floor into the vertical columns formed by the modu]e sides.
The sides of the modules are provided with tongue and grooves on opposite sides which are in mating relationship upon assembly of the modules into the walls.
The modules are also provided with insulation material ~illing the hollow space within the interior of each ~4--module. In addition, interior wall panels may be assembled to each of the interior faces of the modules.
All of the building block modules as well as attached exterior and interior wall panels are prefabricated at factory sites, such that the on site labor is greatly reduced to greatly reduce building labor costs, while providing the material cost reduction advantage of reinforced concrete construction.
The enahlement of the rerod connection in the spaces provided by the beveled corners enables contin-uously extending vertical and horizontal reinforcing rods to provide continuous reinforcement of the columns and beams formed by the module top and sides. The connec-tions at the ends of the reinforcing rods may be made by welding, twisting or otherwise connecting the ends of the reinforcing rods.
In a second e~bodiment, the reinforcing rods are provided with threaded connections, which cooperate with threaded coupling elements so as to draw together the individual modules into tight side and top and bottom abutment with each other and the floor séctions.
The vertical reinforcing rods are coupled by a sleeve capturing a headed end on one of the reinforcing bars and threadedl~ engaging the other end of the other aligned reinforcing bar to facilitate positioning of each of the modules ato~ each other. The sleeve is slotted to enable subse~uent installation of the sleeve over the headed end of one of the aligned reinforcing rods and movement into threaded engagement with the other end of the opposing reinforcing bar end. In this embodiment, precast floor sections are employed which are provided with hori~ontally extending internal spaces which accommodate turn-buckle assemblies each anchored at one end on transverse rods embedded in the floor sec-tion and extending through the floor spaces. The otherend of each of the turn-buckles are anchored over a ~ 3~
vertical rod e~tending out of each side oE the ~odu],e into the beveled space, which arrangement enables the floor and modules to be drawn tight together by rotation of the turnbuckle.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIGURE 1 is a perspective view of the building block module according to the present invention with an exploded fragmentary view of an edge seal assembled into the side space between adjacent module.
FIGURE 2 is a top view of the module shown in FIGURE 1.
FIGURE 3 is a front elevational view of the module shown in FIGURE 1.
FIGURE 4 is a side elevational view of an assembly of the modules into a load bearing building wall-floor structure system.
FIGURE 5 is a diagrammatic front elevational view of a series of modules assembled into a load bearing wall-floor structure.
FIGURE 6 is an exterior elevational view of a series of modules of alternate form assembled into a wall-floor structure.
FIGURE 7 iS an enlarged interior elevational view of the wall-floor structure shown in FIGURE 6.
FI~URE 8 is a fragmentary enlar~ed side eleva-tional view showing two vertical aligned building ~odules of the type shown in FIGUR~S 6 and 7 together with a por-tion o~ floor structure showing the details of the rein-for~ing bars connection.
FI~URE 9 is an e~ploded perspective of the coup-ling component and reinforcing rod ends connecting the vertical reinforcing rods in the em~,c,dimen-t of FIGURES 6-9.
DETAILED D~SCRIPTION
In the following detailed description, certain 3 5 specific terminology will be employed for the sake of ~'7~
clarity and particular embodinents described in accordance with the requirements of 35 USC 112, but it should be understood that the same is not intended to be limiting and indeed should not be so construed.
ReEerring to the drawings, and particularly FIGURES 1-4, according to the concept of the present invention a plurality of precast reinforced concrete building block modules 10 are utilized which are assembled into load bearing walls of the building structure. Accord-ing to accepted construction techni~ues Por erecting reinforced concrete buildings, reinforced concrete columns are provided which extend to the full height of the building, the concrete columns having iron or steel re-inforcing rods embedded therein. Such steel reinforcement bars must extend continuously through the full height of the column, according to accepted building practice.
In the normal procedure for achieving this the reinforcing rods are of length to extend above the height of the column after pouring of the concrete. The reinforcing rods for the ne~t aligned column section are ~Irerodded~ or joined to the protruding lengths of rein-forcing rods. Each column section corresponds to a building story~ such that each floor section is poured or assembled onto bond beams extending between the columns, such that the weight of each floor is born by the respec-tive column section.
The bond beam similarly is provided with a con-tinuously joined steel reinforcing rods extending through-out the lengths of the bond beam.
According to the concept of the present inven-tion each of the prefabricated building modules 10 com-prise a structure which acts as a pair of column sections as well as an adjacent connecting bond beam which trans-mits the load of the floor into the columns. A particular configuration of the building module 10 enables ready 6~g~
joining of the column sections int:o continuously reinforced vertical columns extending throughout the :full height of the building.
Each building module 10 includes a generally rectangular precast reinforced concrete member 12 having side sections 14 and 16 joined by a top section and a bottom section 19. A central hollow 20 is formed by the surrounding rectangle top, sides and bottom.
Each of the corners of the rectangular precast concrete member 12 are generally beveled to formed spaces indicated at 22, 24, 26 and 28 in FIGUR~ 1. The beveling of the bottom spaces 24 and 26 is more steeply vertical while the spaces 22 and 28 at the top are more horizon-tally inclined. Each of the sides 14 and 16, the joining top section 18 and bottom section 19 have sections of reinforcing rods 30 and 32 cast thereinto. The number and size of such rods is determined by the design of the particular building in question, as i s the spacing of the sides 14 and 16, and the sizing of the various sections.
The reinforcing rods 30 in the side section 14 and 32 in the side section 16 have their upper ends extending through the beve] spaces 22 and 28 to protrude well beyond the upper surface oE the top section 18.
~Iowever, the reinforcing rod ends extending into the spaces 24 and 26 extend only as far as the bottom surface of the bottom section 19. The reinforcing rods 34 within the top section 18 extend out of the bevel spaces 24 and 26. This arrangement enables connections between the aligned opposing rod ends after assembly into a wa11 structure, as will be described below.
Each of the sides 14 and 16 are provided with complementary lengthwise extendinc3 mating contours provided for side engagement between ad~acent building modules , i.e. r side 14 is provided with a lengthwise groove 38 while side section 16 is provided with a length-7~
wise tongue 40.
Suitable seals are provided such as neoprene seal 42 of a complementary shape to be interposed between adjacent side sections in order to provide a weather tight joint.
The building block module may also be provided with either integral or attached e~terior wall panels ~4 which may also be of poured concrete. Such panels generally overlie the hollow rectangular member 12 and having an upper area ex-tending above the upper surface of the top section 18, for a distance corresponding to the floor depth to accommodate its thickness. The top surface 46 is chamfered in order to provide a weather lap joint between overlying the bottom edge a8 of the next above exterior panel o the module 10 positioned directly above in the building structure. The bottom contour 48 is wedgeshaped in a complementary fashion for this purpose.
The module 10 may also be optionally provided with an interior wall panel 50 which also overlies the inside flanged face of the hollow rectangular member 12, the flange 13 extended over the bevel spaces 22, 24, 26 and 28 as shown. Panel 50 may be a section of drywall or other suitable interior facing material. Alternatively~
the interior surfaces may simply be plastered after assembly of the modules 10 into the wall structure.
The hollow interior space 20 ma~ also be filled with a mass of insulating material such as foamed plastic or other suitable insulating material when the module 10 is prefabricated. This may also be done after the building structure has been erected.
A vapor barrier indicated at 52 is provided overlying the hollow rectangular member 12 underneath the interior wall panel 50. Suitable cast in lifting eyes 52 may also be provided or to facilitate hoisting of .
.~ 7~
each building module lO into position ~7hich will also act as keys when embedded in a poured concrete flooring section.
According to FIGURES 4 and 5, the erected floor wall system is comprised of a series of ~uilding modules lO assembled in side by side relationship with the tongue and grooves 38 and 40 in mating relationship, with each of the sides 14 and 16 aligned with the below positioned module lO having corresponding sides 14 and 16.
The initial or first course of building modules lO are of special configuration in order to be assembled to the foundation structure 56, which may be of poured concrete construction formed with core openings 58 which are spaced at the spacing S corresponding to the designed column spacing of the building structure. Thus the core openings 58 can be filled with high strength concrete and receive the bottom ends of reinforcing rods which, in this version of the building modules lO, extend below the bottom section l9.
Each of the building modules lO in this proce-dure would be placed in edge abutting relationship and in alignment with each other with the appropriate seals a2 in place to form a wall. After placement of the first course, each of the building modules provide column sec-tions comprising sides 14 and 16. The floor sections 60 are either assembled or poured in place such as to overlie the top beam 18. In this case the lifting eyes 52 act to tie in the floor to each building module lO.
The offset distance D is the dimension in which the exterior panel 44 extends above the top of the beam 18 or top side 18 corresponds to the depth of the floor 60. Of course it should be understood that in the event the floor 60 is poured on site, the necessary forms, supports, etc., must be erected if the floor 60 is of a precast configuration, necessary the fastening hardware ~.~L 7 ~ 3 ~3 ~lo--must be employed in a manner known to those skilled in the art.
The spacing S noted in FIGURE 5 equal to the distance between the columns, constituted by the sides 14 and 16 of course, will be determined by the desiqn of the particular building as will be the sizes of the sides 14 and 16, top section 18, and the size and number of reinforcing rods 30 and 32.
After placement of floor 60, the next succeeding course of building modules 10 is assembled into position with each building module 10 aligned and having its sides 14 and 16 in direct alignment with the next below module sides 14 and 16.
This positions the upper ends o~ the reinforc-ing rods 30 and 32 protruding into the beveled spaces 26 and 30 so that they may be brought into overlapping rela-tionship with the lower ends of the reinforcing rods 30 and 32 of the next above building module 10. ~he rods 30 and 32 then may be rerodded or joined as by wiring or welding as per conventional techniques. Access thereto for this purpose is afforded by the beveled spaces 24 and 26 of the upper modules 10.
Similarly cross reinforcing rods 32 and 36 extend into adjacent bevel spaces 22, 24, 26 and 28 enabl~
ing lapping of adjacent rods and rerodding o~ these. In this way the second course may be erected and the next floor if any assembled to the top of the next course of buildin~ modules 10. After assembly thereof, each of the beveled spaces 22, 24, 26 and 28 is then filled in with concrete or other similar material to provide continuous vertical columns consisting of the aligned sides 14 and 16 of each of the vertically aligned building modules 10.
If insulation has not previously been filled into each of the void spaces 20, this may be foamed or otherwise installed after erection of the wall-floor structure, ~.~'7~ 7~
as well as the installing of suitable interior panels and vapor barriers, or the in~erior wall plastered.
It is noted that each module 10 is of a height equal to t~e building story and is therefore of ~ariable width and size.
The lower section 19 not bearing the load of the floor weight is incorporated only to provide a relatively strong building module 10 which is able to be easily handled during the shipping and erection processes.
It can be appreciated that the entire modules can be substantially completely prefabricated in a factory environment and thus minimize construction labor at the site, particularly if the exterior and interior panels and the insulation is incorporated in the preEabrication of the modules 10.
Also window openings may be relatively easily provided for by providing appropriate cutouts in the region of the central void space 20.
The resulting wall structure will be relatively 2Q weather type due to the sealing engagement between adja-cent building modules and also the vertical and horizontal weather lap afforded by the mating of the exterior panels, which may also be caulked in conventional fashion.
It may be advantageous to provide means for drawing the modules 10 into tight engagement with the floor and the wall made up of the individual building modules 10. In FIGURES 7 - 9, an arranqement is depicted for causing prestress tensioning to be exerted on the reinforcing bars, and also in order to draw the panels into tight engagement with the flooring and with the adjacent building modules 10.
This arrangement is best seen in FIGURES 7 and ~. This includes a coupling 62 which mates with the aligned threaded ends of horizontal reinforcing rods 6 extending through the bottom section 19 of each member 12. In similar fashion, a coupling 66 mates with aligned and opposed threaded ends of reinforcing bars 6~ extend-lng through the top sections 18. The bevel spaces 23, 26, 22 and 28 provide the necessary access space for install-ation and tightenlng of the coupling 62 and 66.
The reinforcing rods 70 and 72 extending through each of the sides 14 and 16 of each module 10 are enabled to be drawn together and secured by means o:E a special fitting engaging headed lower ends 74 and 76 of each of the respective reinforcing bars 70 and 72 and the threaded upper ends 78 and 80 of the reinforcing bars 70 and 72 respectively. In the embodiment, the bars are sized so as to create a gap between the aligned and opposed upper and lower ends of the reinforcing bars upon installation of the building modules in their vertically aligned position.
After fitting each module 10 in position the special fitting 82 is slid over the threaded section 74 or 76 through a cut out or slot 8~, and the threaded bore ~6 moved into threaded engagement with the lower end of 78 or 80.
The exterior of the special fitting 82 is formed with wrenching flats g8 to enable the rotation of specia] fitting 82 to create tension on the reinforcinq bars 78 and 72 to both prestress the reinforcing rods 70 and 72 and also to insure tight abutment of the adjoined floor section and each o~ the building modules 10.
The floor sections 90 of this configuration are of precast construction and include openings 92 which extend transversely to the building module 10. Such flooring construction is of a type known to those skilled in the art and includes steel reinforcing rod 9~ in the lower regions of the floor to provide tension reinforce-ment. ~ turnbuckle fitting 96 is positioned in the core openings 92 adjacent each of the bevel spaces of building modules 10. The core openings 92 serve to accommodate these fittings. Each turnbuckle fitting 96 includes an anchoring eye 9~ anchored on a transverse bar 100 extend-ing through the floor section 90. The opposite end of the turnbuckle fitting 96 includes an anchoring eye 102 which is fit around a vertically extending bar 104 embedded into each of the side wall side sections 14 and 16, positioned offset both laterally and in and out from the reinforcing bars 70 and 72. The turnbuckle fitting also includes a turnbuckle nut section 108 pro-truding into the space 110 which is adjacent an end face 112 of the flooring section 90 in the exterior panel 44 of the building module. Access thereto is through the spaces 22, 26, 24 and 28 to enable wrenching of the turnbuckle nut 10~.
Accordingly the reinforcing rod 70 and 72 may be prestressed and securely ~oined and tensioned by this arrangement and the horizontally extending reinforcing bars 64 prestressed which also causes the building modules 10 to be drawn into tight engagement with each other and with the flooring sections 90.
Accordingly, it can be seen that the on site labor required for erection is greatly reduced while producing a structure of reinforced concrete such as to reduce the material costs i.nvolved~ The building modules 10 may include the external and internal finishing panels as well as insulation and vapor barrier to further reduce the on site labor and also increasing the speed with which the building may be erected to further reduce the oost of construction.
~ACKG~OUND ART
This invention concerns buildina construction and more particularly a precast building block module and method of constructing buildings utilizing the mod-ule. A common Eorm of modern building construction is steel frame in which columns and beams of structural steel are assembled into a Eramework which supports the weight of the walls, floors and other components of the building, which are secured to the framewor~. Such construction is relatively expensive due to the high cos-t of structural steel and re~uires relatively expen-sive on site labor for -the installation of the walls and ceiling panels to the steel framework.
In an effort to reduce the costs of construction for relatively low-rise buildings, i.e. 20 stories or lessl reinforced concrete construction has also been commonly employed. In such construction, concrete forms are ~rected at the site, steel reinforcing rods placed in the forms, and concrete poured into these forms to create walls, load bearing columns, and floors of reinforced concrete. The interior and exterior facing panels are then secured to the reinforced concrete structure result-in~ in reinforced concrete structure. Concrete is much less expensive than steel as a structural material, and material costs are greatly reduced in this latter con-struction. However, on site labor is still quite ex~tensive and thus this method still results in expensive construction. On site labor is carried out under uncon-trolled site conditions, and the resultant scheduling problems resulting from the need for on time arrival of materials and various types of workers all escalate the cost of such labor over the costs of factory labor. For these reasons, fabrication of construction components can be carried at much lower costs in factory settings.
Other forms of construction have also been utilized, such as solid or hollow block walls, but ~,, ~7~7~
this construction requires relatively intensive labor and also requires separate on site attaching of the exterior and interior panels.
In an effort to reduce the on site labor in-volved in reinforced concrete type construction, ithas heretofore been proposed and implemented to utilize a special prefabricated form for pouring concrete as dis-closed in U.S. Patent No. 4l098,042. This patent des-cribes a system for carrying out building construction by use of prefabrication sheet metal concrete form.s to enable the reinforced concrete construction to be more rapidly carried out to greatly reduce the on site labor.
However, considerahle on site labor remains in the pour-ing of the concrete and in the installation of the interior and exterior facing panels as well as any required insulation.
Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a method of erecting and system of wall and floor structure, and a prefabricated build-ing bloc~ module utilized therein which results in areinforced concrete structure with a great reduction in on site labor.
It is still another object of the present invention to provide such method and module by which the on site labor in installing the wall insulation and the exterior and interior wall panels is ~reatly reduced.
Still another object of the present invention is to provide a huilding block module and system and method of wall and floor construction of reinforced concrete by which the extent of on site pouring of con-crete is minimized.
It is still another object of the present in-vention to provide such a method and module for rein-forced concrete construction in which the necessity for the on site erection of concrete forms is substantially eliminated.
~3--DISCLOSURE OF TH~ INVENTIOM
These and other ob~ects of the present inven-tion are achieved by a method in which precast building block modules o~ precast reinforced concrete are erected into vertical walls which are integrated into a wall-floor system, whereby the walls support the buildingfloors. The building block modules consist of generally rectangular hollow blocks o~ reinforced concrete, with generally beveled corners. Reinforcing bars or rods are cast within each of the sides, top and bottom o~
the mo~ule and extend into and through the spaces created by the beveling of the corners.
The spacing of the sides of the rectangular module is such as to correspond to the necessary column sizing and spacing for the particular building design.
The modules are assembled into vertical walls aligned over each other and in end to end and side and top and bottom abutment. The beveled spaces enable the vertical and horizontal rods to be rerodded together with the spaces then filled with concrete to form solid columns of reinforced concrete construction through which continuous reinforcing extends. The buildin~ modules are also provided with integral or separately attached external panels which come into abutment to provide the building exterior face when -the modules are assembled in-to the walls.
The building floors are poured or precast floor sections are assembled into position atop the building modules with the beveled tops each actin~ as arches transmitting the weight of the floor into the vertical columns formed by the modu]e sides.
The sides of the modules are provided with tongue and grooves on opposite sides which are in mating relationship upon assembly of the modules into the walls.
The modules are also provided with insulation material ~illing the hollow space within the interior of each ~4--module. In addition, interior wall panels may be assembled to each of the interior faces of the modules.
All of the building block modules as well as attached exterior and interior wall panels are prefabricated at factory sites, such that the on site labor is greatly reduced to greatly reduce building labor costs, while providing the material cost reduction advantage of reinforced concrete construction.
The enahlement of the rerod connection in the spaces provided by the beveled corners enables contin-uously extending vertical and horizontal reinforcing rods to provide continuous reinforcement of the columns and beams formed by the module top and sides. The connec-tions at the ends of the reinforcing rods may be made by welding, twisting or otherwise connecting the ends of the reinforcing rods.
In a second e~bodiment, the reinforcing rods are provided with threaded connections, which cooperate with threaded coupling elements so as to draw together the individual modules into tight side and top and bottom abutment with each other and the floor séctions.
The vertical reinforcing rods are coupled by a sleeve capturing a headed end on one of the reinforcing bars and threadedl~ engaging the other end of the other aligned reinforcing bar to facilitate positioning of each of the modules ato~ each other. The sleeve is slotted to enable subse~uent installation of the sleeve over the headed end of one of the aligned reinforcing rods and movement into threaded engagement with the other end of the opposing reinforcing bar end. In this embodiment, precast floor sections are employed which are provided with hori~ontally extending internal spaces which accommodate turn-buckle assemblies each anchored at one end on transverse rods embedded in the floor sec-tion and extending through the floor spaces. The otherend of each of the turn-buckles are anchored over a ~ 3~
vertical rod e~tending out of each side oE the ~odu],e into the beveled space, which arrangement enables the floor and modules to be drawn tight together by rotation of the turnbuckle.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIGURE 1 is a perspective view of the building block module according to the present invention with an exploded fragmentary view of an edge seal assembled into the side space between adjacent module.
FIGURE 2 is a top view of the module shown in FIGURE 1.
FIGURE 3 is a front elevational view of the module shown in FIGURE 1.
FIGURE 4 is a side elevational view of an assembly of the modules into a load bearing building wall-floor structure system.
FIGURE 5 is a diagrammatic front elevational view of a series of modules assembled into a load bearing wall-floor structure.
FIGURE 6 is an exterior elevational view of a series of modules of alternate form assembled into a wall-floor structure.
FIGURE 7 iS an enlarged interior elevational view of the wall-floor structure shown in FIGURE 6.
FI~URE 8 is a fragmentary enlar~ed side eleva-tional view showing two vertical aligned building ~odules of the type shown in FIGUR~S 6 and 7 together with a por-tion o~ floor structure showing the details of the rein-for~ing bars connection.
FI~URE 9 is an e~ploded perspective of the coup-ling component and reinforcing rod ends connecting the vertical reinforcing rods in the em~,c,dimen-t of FIGURES 6-9.
DETAILED D~SCRIPTION
In the following detailed description, certain 3 5 specific terminology will be employed for the sake of ~'7~
clarity and particular embodinents described in accordance with the requirements of 35 USC 112, but it should be understood that the same is not intended to be limiting and indeed should not be so construed.
ReEerring to the drawings, and particularly FIGURES 1-4, according to the concept of the present invention a plurality of precast reinforced concrete building block modules 10 are utilized which are assembled into load bearing walls of the building structure. Accord-ing to accepted construction techni~ues Por erecting reinforced concrete buildings, reinforced concrete columns are provided which extend to the full height of the building, the concrete columns having iron or steel re-inforcing rods embedded therein. Such steel reinforcement bars must extend continuously through the full height of the column, according to accepted building practice.
In the normal procedure for achieving this the reinforcing rods are of length to extend above the height of the column after pouring of the concrete. The reinforcing rods for the ne~t aligned column section are ~Irerodded~ or joined to the protruding lengths of rein-forcing rods. Each column section corresponds to a building story~ such that each floor section is poured or assembled onto bond beams extending between the columns, such that the weight of each floor is born by the respec-tive column section.
The bond beam similarly is provided with a con-tinuously joined steel reinforcing rods extending through-out the lengths of the bond beam.
According to the concept of the present inven-tion each of the prefabricated building modules 10 com-prise a structure which acts as a pair of column sections as well as an adjacent connecting bond beam which trans-mits the load of the floor into the columns. A particular configuration of the building module 10 enables ready 6~g~
joining of the column sections int:o continuously reinforced vertical columns extending throughout the :full height of the building.
Each building module 10 includes a generally rectangular precast reinforced concrete member 12 having side sections 14 and 16 joined by a top section and a bottom section 19. A central hollow 20 is formed by the surrounding rectangle top, sides and bottom.
Each of the corners of the rectangular precast concrete member 12 are generally beveled to formed spaces indicated at 22, 24, 26 and 28 in FIGUR~ 1. The beveling of the bottom spaces 24 and 26 is more steeply vertical while the spaces 22 and 28 at the top are more horizon-tally inclined. Each of the sides 14 and 16, the joining top section 18 and bottom section 19 have sections of reinforcing rods 30 and 32 cast thereinto. The number and size of such rods is determined by the design of the particular building in question, as i s the spacing of the sides 14 and 16, and the sizing of the various sections.
The reinforcing rods 30 in the side section 14 and 32 in the side section 16 have their upper ends extending through the beve] spaces 22 and 28 to protrude well beyond the upper surface oE the top section 18.
~Iowever, the reinforcing rod ends extending into the spaces 24 and 26 extend only as far as the bottom surface of the bottom section 19. The reinforcing rods 34 within the top section 18 extend out of the bevel spaces 24 and 26. This arrangement enables connections between the aligned opposing rod ends after assembly into a wa11 structure, as will be described below.
Each of the sides 14 and 16 are provided with complementary lengthwise extendinc3 mating contours provided for side engagement between ad~acent building modules , i.e. r side 14 is provided with a lengthwise groove 38 while side section 16 is provided with a length-7~
wise tongue 40.
Suitable seals are provided such as neoprene seal 42 of a complementary shape to be interposed between adjacent side sections in order to provide a weather tight joint.
The building block module may also be provided with either integral or attached e~terior wall panels ~4 which may also be of poured concrete. Such panels generally overlie the hollow rectangular member 12 and having an upper area ex-tending above the upper surface of the top section 18, for a distance corresponding to the floor depth to accommodate its thickness. The top surface 46 is chamfered in order to provide a weather lap joint between overlying the bottom edge a8 of the next above exterior panel o the module 10 positioned directly above in the building structure. The bottom contour 48 is wedgeshaped in a complementary fashion for this purpose.
The module 10 may also be optionally provided with an interior wall panel 50 which also overlies the inside flanged face of the hollow rectangular member 12, the flange 13 extended over the bevel spaces 22, 24, 26 and 28 as shown. Panel 50 may be a section of drywall or other suitable interior facing material. Alternatively~
the interior surfaces may simply be plastered after assembly of the modules 10 into the wall structure.
The hollow interior space 20 ma~ also be filled with a mass of insulating material such as foamed plastic or other suitable insulating material when the module 10 is prefabricated. This may also be done after the building structure has been erected.
A vapor barrier indicated at 52 is provided overlying the hollow rectangular member 12 underneath the interior wall panel 50. Suitable cast in lifting eyes 52 may also be provided or to facilitate hoisting of .
.~ 7~
each building module lO into position ~7hich will also act as keys when embedded in a poured concrete flooring section.
According to FIGURES 4 and 5, the erected floor wall system is comprised of a series of ~uilding modules lO assembled in side by side relationship with the tongue and grooves 38 and 40 in mating relationship, with each of the sides 14 and 16 aligned with the below positioned module lO having corresponding sides 14 and 16.
The initial or first course of building modules lO are of special configuration in order to be assembled to the foundation structure 56, which may be of poured concrete construction formed with core openings 58 which are spaced at the spacing S corresponding to the designed column spacing of the building structure. Thus the core openings 58 can be filled with high strength concrete and receive the bottom ends of reinforcing rods which, in this version of the building modules lO, extend below the bottom section l9.
Each of the building modules lO in this proce-dure would be placed in edge abutting relationship and in alignment with each other with the appropriate seals a2 in place to form a wall. After placement of the first course, each of the building modules provide column sec-tions comprising sides 14 and 16. The floor sections 60 are either assembled or poured in place such as to overlie the top beam 18. In this case the lifting eyes 52 act to tie in the floor to each building module lO.
The offset distance D is the dimension in which the exterior panel 44 extends above the top of the beam 18 or top side 18 corresponds to the depth of the floor 60. Of course it should be understood that in the event the floor 60 is poured on site, the necessary forms, supports, etc., must be erected if the floor 60 is of a precast configuration, necessary the fastening hardware ~.~L 7 ~ 3 ~3 ~lo--must be employed in a manner known to those skilled in the art.
The spacing S noted in FIGURE 5 equal to the distance between the columns, constituted by the sides 14 and 16 of course, will be determined by the desiqn of the particular building as will be the sizes of the sides 14 and 16, top section 18, and the size and number of reinforcing rods 30 and 32.
After placement of floor 60, the next succeeding course of building modules 10 is assembled into position with each building module 10 aligned and having its sides 14 and 16 in direct alignment with the next below module sides 14 and 16.
This positions the upper ends o~ the reinforc-ing rods 30 and 32 protruding into the beveled spaces 26 and 30 so that they may be brought into overlapping rela-tionship with the lower ends of the reinforcing rods 30 and 32 of the next above building module 10. ~he rods 30 and 32 then may be rerodded or joined as by wiring or welding as per conventional techniques. Access thereto for this purpose is afforded by the beveled spaces 24 and 26 of the upper modules 10.
Similarly cross reinforcing rods 32 and 36 extend into adjacent bevel spaces 22, 24, 26 and 28 enabl~
ing lapping of adjacent rods and rerodding o~ these. In this way the second course may be erected and the next floor if any assembled to the top of the next course of buildin~ modules 10. After assembly thereof, each of the beveled spaces 22, 24, 26 and 28 is then filled in with concrete or other similar material to provide continuous vertical columns consisting of the aligned sides 14 and 16 of each of the vertically aligned building modules 10.
If insulation has not previously been filled into each of the void spaces 20, this may be foamed or otherwise installed after erection of the wall-floor structure, ~.~'7~ 7~
as well as the installing of suitable interior panels and vapor barriers, or the in~erior wall plastered.
It is noted that each module 10 is of a height equal to t~e building story and is therefore of ~ariable width and size.
The lower section 19 not bearing the load of the floor weight is incorporated only to provide a relatively strong building module 10 which is able to be easily handled during the shipping and erection processes.
It can be appreciated that the entire modules can be substantially completely prefabricated in a factory environment and thus minimize construction labor at the site, particularly if the exterior and interior panels and the insulation is incorporated in the preEabrication of the modules 10.
Also window openings may be relatively easily provided for by providing appropriate cutouts in the region of the central void space 20.
The resulting wall structure will be relatively 2Q weather type due to the sealing engagement between adja-cent building modules and also the vertical and horizontal weather lap afforded by the mating of the exterior panels, which may also be caulked in conventional fashion.
It may be advantageous to provide means for drawing the modules 10 into tight engagement with the floor and the wall made up of the individual building modules 10. In FIGURES 7 - 9, an arranqement is depicted for causing prestress tensioning to be exerted on the reinforcing bars, and also in order to draw the panels into tight engagement with the flooring and with the adjacent building modules 10.
This arrangement is best seen in FIGURES 7 and ~. This includes a coupling 62 which mates with the aligned threaded ends of horizontal reinforcing rods 6 extending through the bottom section 19 of each member 12. In similar fashion, a coupling 66 mates with aligned and opposed threaded ends of reinforcing bars 6~ extend-lng through the top sections 18. The bevel spaces 23, 26, 22 and 28 provide the necessary access space for install-ation and tightenlng of the coupling 62 and 66.
The reinforcing rods 70 and 72 extending through each of the sides 14 and 16 of each module 10 are enabled to be drawn together and secured by means o:E a special fitting engaging headed lower ends 74 and 76 of each of the respective reinforcing bars 70 and 72 and the threaded upper ends 78 and 80 of the reinforcing bars 70 and 72 respectively. In the embodiment, the bars are sized so as to create a gap between the aligned and opposed upper and lower ends of the reinforcing bars upon installation of the building modules in their vertically aligned position.
After fitting each module 10 in position the special fitting 82 is slid over the threaded section 74 or 76 through a cut out or slot 8~, and the threaded bore ~6 moved into threaded engagement with the lower end of 78 or 80.
The exterior of the special fitting 82 is formed with wrenching flats g8 to enable the rotation of specia] fitting 82 to create tension on the reinforcinq bars 78 and 72 to both prestress the reinforcing rods 70 and 72 and also to insure tight abutment of the adjoined floor section and each o~ the building modules 10.
The floor sections 90 of this configuration are of precast construction and include openings 92 which extend transversely to the building module 10. Such flooring construction is of a type known to those skilled in the art and includes steel reinforcing rod 9~ in the lower regions of the floor to provide tension reinforce-ment. ~ turnbuckle fitting 96 is positioned in the core openings 92 adjacent each of the bevel spaces of building modules 10. The core openings 92 serve to accommodate these fittings. Each turnbuckle fitting 96 includes an anchoring eye 9~ anchored on a transverse bar 100 extend-ing through the floor section 90. The opposite end of the turnbuckle fitting 96 includes an anchoring eye 102 which is fit around a vertically extending bar 104 embedded into each of the side wall side sections 14 and 16, positioned offset both laterally and in and out from the reinforcing bars 70 and 72. The turnbuckle fitting also includes a turnbuckle nut section 108 pro-truding into the space 110 which is adjacent an end face 112 of the flooring section 90 in the exterior panel 44 of the building module. Access thereto is through the spaces 22, 26, 24 and 28 to enable wrenching of the turnbuckle nut 10~.
Accordingly the reinforcing rod 70 and 72 may be prestressed and securely ~oined and tensioned by this arrangement and the horizontally extending reinforcing bars 64 prestressed which also causes the building modules 10 to be drawn into tight engagement with each other and with the flooring sections 90.
Accordingly, it can be seen that the on site labor required for erection is greatly reduced while producing a structure of reinforced concrete such as to reduce the material costs i.nvolved~ The building modules 10 may include the external and internal finishing panels as well as insulation and vapor barrier to further reduce the on site labor and also increasing the speed with which the building may be erected to further reduce the oost of construction.
Claims (35)
1. A building module for use in erecting a wall load bearing structure, the building module com-prising a hollow rectangular member of reinforced con-crete, including a pair of sides and a connecting top section defining a central space each of said sides and top section including reinforcement bars extending there through.
2. The building module according to Claim 1 wherein said rectangular member is formed with beveled corners thereof and wherein said reinforcing bars extend through each of said spaces formed by said beveled corners.
3. The building module according to Claim 2 further including a bottom section connecting said member sides; said bottom section being of reinforced concrete.
4. The building module according to Claim 2 further including an exterior wall panel of generally rectangular configuration overlying and secured to said hollow rectangular member top and sides.
5. The building module according to Claim 2 wherein the said reinforcing bars in said sides extend beyond the top surface of said top section and through the beveled spaces adjacent thereto.
6. The building module according to Claim 1 wherein said hollow space intermediate said sides is filled with insulation.
7. The building module according to Claim 3 further including an interior panel secured overlying said rectangular member.
8. The building module according to Claim 4 wherein said exterior wall panel has top and bottom edges formed with complementary groove shapes.
9. The building module according to Claim 2 wherein each of said reinforcing bars extending through said sides includes one headed end and the other end threaded.
10. The building module according to Claim 2 each of said reinforcing bars extending through said top section is formed with threaded ends.
11. A wall and floor structural system compris-ing: a plurality of building modules arranged in side by side relationship; each of said building modules com-prising a generally rectangular member having a central hollow defined by spaced sides and connecting top and bottom sections, each of said building modules being arranged in a side by side relationship- a floor section extending over the top surface of each of said top sections thereof, said building modules being formed of reinforced concrete.
12. The system according to Claim 11 wherein each of said building modules further includes an exterior panel secured to said generally rectangular member over-lying said sides and top and bottom sections thereor and extending above said top section a distance corres-ponding to the depth of said floor positioned of said top surface of said top section of each of said building modules.
13. The system according to Claim 11 including a second series of said building modules positioned atop said first mentioned series of building modules and said floor section supported thereon; each of said second series of building modules aligned with said side sections of a below located building module in said first mentioned series, each of said building modules is formed with beveled corners thereof to create beveled spaces at each corner of each of said building modules and wherein said building modules are further formed with reinforcing bars extending through said sides of each of said building modules and into said beveled spaces; each of said rein-forcing bars joined to the reinforcing bars extending up from said lower series of building modules up into said bevel spaces at the upper corner thereof; and wherein the building modules in said second mentioned series include reinforcing bar portions extending downwardly, said reinforcing bars of said lower and upper building modules in each of said first and second series joined together.
14. The system according to Claim 13 wherein each of said beveled spaces is filled with cast material, whereby each of said aligned sides of said first mentioned and second mentioned series of building modules provide supporting columns, with said reinforcing rods joined to provide a continuous reinforcement through said columns.
15. The system according to Claim 13 wherein said second mentioned series of building modules supports the second floor structure sitting atop the top sections of said second mentioned series of building modules.
16. The system according to Claim 13 wherein said upper extending ends of said reinforcing bars in said sides extend through said flooring structure and into overlapping relationship with the downwardly extending reinforcing bars of said upper adjacent building modules.
17. The system according to claim 13 wherein said reinforcing bars in each of said lower and upper adjacent building modules in said first and second men-tioned series of building modules are aligned, further including means for threadably engaging at least one of said aligned bars and enabling drawing said reinforcing bars together by said threaded engagement.
18. The system according to claim 16 wherein said means for threadably engaging at least one of said aligned reinforcing bars includes a coupling member thread-ably engaging one end of said bar and engaging the other of said aligned reinforcing bars by rotation of said coupling member producing said tensioning of said aligned reinforcing bars.
19. The system according to said claim 17 wherein each of said coupling members includes a slidable connection between said coupling member and said one of said reinforcing bars whereby said second series of build-ing modules may be positioned over said second mentioned series of building modules and said coupling member slid into engagement with said threaded end of said one of each of said aligned reinforcing bars.
20. The system according to claim 13 wherein each of said top sections and said bottom sections and each of said sides of said building modules includes a reinforcing bar extending there through and into said beveled spaces and further include means joining each of the ends of said reinforcing bars with the reinforcing bars in adjoining building modules in said series of modules.
21. The system according to Claim 13 including means joining said floor structure to said building modules, said means including a bar extending vertically through each of said building modules sides sections into a bevel space; said floor structure being formed with openings extending into the alignment with the end each of said bars; a plurality of transverse bars, one each mounted in said floor structure opposite an end of said bars in said building modules sides; turnbuckle means for each of said bars and transverse bars anchored at either end of said bar end and transverse bar; means for tensioning of said turnbuckle thereby enabling draw-ing said flooring structure into tight engagement with each of said building modules.
22. The system according to Claim 20 further including a sealing means extending along the outside edge of each of said building modules sides whereby said joints there between are each rendered weather tight upon drawing together of said modules by said tensioning means.
23. The structural system according to Claim 11 wherein each of said hollow rectangular building module members is filled with insulation in the hollow space generally defined by said rectangular members top, side, and bottom sections.
24. The structural system according to Claim 23 further including a vapor barrier affixed to and over-lying said building module member.
25. The structural system according to Claim 24 further including interior panels generally overlying said rectangular building member.
26. A method of erecting a load hearing wall and floor system comprising the steps of: prefabricating at a factory site a number of building modules, each of said modules including a generally hollow rectangular member comprised of reinforced sides, top and bottom sections defining a central space; erecting a wall structure by placing a series of said building modules members in side by side abutting relationship to form a wall; erecting a floor structure positioned on top section of said course of building modules, whereby each of said building module sides acts as a column structurally supporting said floor structure, whereas each of said top sections of said building modules sup-port said floor structure sections intermediate said building module sides.
27. The method according to Claim 26 wherein said prefabricating step, each of said building modules are formed with beveled corners thereby creating beveled spaces at the corners of each of said building modules;
and, wherein said step, each of said building modules is further fabricated with reinforcing bars extending length-wise through each of said building module member sides and into said beveled spaces; said steps of the erecting a second wall consisting of placing a second series of said building modules positioned atop said first series of building modules with each of said sides of building modules in said second series in line with said side sections of said modules in said first series and wherein said reinforcing bars are joined to each other in said beveled spaces.
and, wherein said step, each of said building modules is further fabricated with reinforcing bars extending length-wise through each of said building module member sides and into said beveled spaces; said steps of the erecting a second wall consisting of placing a second series of said building modules positioned atop said first series of building modules with each of said sides of building modules in said second series in line with said side sections of said modules in said first series and wherein said reinforcing bars are joined to each other in said beveled spaces.
28. The method according to Claim 25 further including the step of filling in of said beveled spaces with cast material after joinder of said reinforcing bars.
29. The method according to Claim 26 wherein each of said building modules top and sides have embedded reinforcing bars having ends thereof extending into said beveled spaces and wherein each of said reinforcing bars of said adjacent building modules are joined together in said spaces formed by said adjacent beveled spaces of said building modules.
30. The method according to claim 28 wherein said step of joining said align ends of said reinforcing bars of said sides of said building modules, includes the step of threadily engaging at least one of said end of said aligned reinforcing bars and engaging the other of said reinforcing bars with a fitting whereby said reinforcing bars may be prestressed by rotation of said fitting.
31. The method according to claim 29 wherein said reinforcing bars extending through said tops and said sides of each of said building modules are joined together by threadily engaging each of the opposing ends of said reinforcing bars with a coupling member whereby said building modules may be drawn together by a rotation of said coupling member and said threaded engagement.
32. The method according to Claim 23 further including the step of joining said floor structure to each of said building modules thus including the step of placing a bar in each of said sides of each of said build-ing modules extending upwardly into said beveled spaces at the upper corner of each of said building modules;
forming said floor sections with hollow spaces extending into an open space above each of said building module top sections, each of said bars extending into registy therewith, installing turnbuckle arrangements in said hollow spaces having either end anchored to said floor and to said bars respectively.
forming said floor sections with hollow spaces extending into an open space above each of said building module top sections, each of said bars extending into registy therewith, installing turnbuckle arrangements in said hollow spaces having either end anchored to said floor and to said bars respectively.
33. The method according to Claim 26 further including the step of placing foam insulation in said hollow rectangular building modular members.
34. The method according to Claim 26 further including the step of assembling external panels to each of said building modules at said factory site, said panels overlying said hollow rectangular building modules members and extending above the top section a distance equal to the flooring depth, said external panels are configured to provide a continuous outer surface of said wall with said building modules assembled into said series.
35. The method according to Claim 34 further including the step of installing interior panels in each of said building modules rectangular members at said factory site said interior panels overlying said top sides and bottom sections of each of said building modules and configured to form a continuous interior surface upon erection of said building modules into said wall structure.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000408693A CA1175670A (en) | 1982-08-04 | 1982-08-04 | Building block module and method of construction |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000408693A CA1175670A (en) | 1982-08-04 | 1982-08-04 | Building block module and method of construction |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1175670A true CA1175670A (en) | 1984-10-09 |
Family
ID=4123338
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000408693A Expired CA1175670A (en) | 1982-08-04 | 1982-08-04 | Building block module and method of construction |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1175670A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115262800A (en) * | 2022-08-02 | 2022-11-01 | 通号建设集团有限公司 | Fabricated building and construction method thereof |
-
1982
- 1982-08-04 CA CA000408693A patent/CA1175670A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115262800A (en) * | 2022-08-02 | 2022-11-01 | 通号建设集团有限公司 | Fabricated building and construction method thereof |
| CN115262800B (en) * | 2022-08-02 | 2023-09-26 | 通号建设集团有限公司 | Assembled building and construction method thereof |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US4219978A (en) | Pre-cast reinforced concrete building panel wall structure | |
| US4454702A (en) | Building construction and method of constructing same | |
| US5113631A (en) | Structural system for supporting a building utilizing light weight steel framing for walls and hollow core concrete slabs for floors and method of making same | |
| US5402612A (en) | Structural system for supporting a building utilizing light weight steel framing for walls and hollow core concrete slabs for floors | |
| EP0350139A2 (en) | A method for forming a composite structural member | |
| US4343125A (en) | Building block module and method of construction | |
| CA2051393C (en) | A fire-resistant prefabricated steel beam | |
| EP2250323B1 (en) | Masonry with vertical reinforced concrete strengthening | |
| CN111705996A (en) | Prefabricated wall module unit, assembled composite wall and construction method | |
| US4974380A (en) | Framing for structural walls in multistory buildings | |
| US6105326A (en) | Building, comprising prefabricated components | |
| CA1175670A (en) | Building block module and method of construction | |
| CN218060871U (en) | Shear wall connecting piece and assembled shear wall | |
| KR200178874Y1 (en) | Pc concrete wall panel | |
| KR102491762B1 (en) | the reinforcement member for half slim composite beam, the improved half slim composite beam and the improved half slim composite beam structure using the same | |
| US20230124716A1 (en) | Prefabricated wall assembly and method therefor | |
| JPH0949331A (en) | Construction method of concrete building and construction member | |
| KR102634379B1 (en) | Prefabricated bracket assembly integrated with prefabricated column assembly for connecting PC beams | |
| CA1296916C (en) | Structural panel and method of forming same | |
| JP2504195B2 (en) | Construction method of the frame | |
| CN115928910B (en) | Assembled shear wall system and construction method thereof | |
| CN217299310U (en) | Prefabricated floor and prefabricated floor connected node | |
| US20240084579A1 (en) | Composite frame having end-embedded girder joint structure | |
| CN110067305B (en) | Beam column joint structure and construction method thereof | |
| JPS63181816A (en) | Constituent material for underground beam |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEC | Expiry (correction) | ||
| MKEX | Expiry |