CA1173428A - Apparatus for cooling a body - Google Patents
Apparatus for cooling a bodyInfo
- Publication number
- CA1173428A CA1173428A CA000397712A CA397712A CA1173428A CA 1173428 A CA1173428 A CA 1173428A CA 000397712 A CA000397712 A CA 000397712A CA 397712 A CA397712 A CA 397712A CA 1173428 A CA1173428 A CA 1173428A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- hose
- conduit
- internal
- cooling
- coolant liquid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Abstract
APPARATUS FOR COOLING A BODY
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
The present invention relates to apparatus for cooling an object which is exposed to high temperatures and particularly to cooling by heat transfer to a liquid.
According to the invention an internal hose is disposed in a fluid conduit. The hose is permeable to the coolant liquid which is circulated therein so that there is created a substantially stagnant fluid boundary layer between the walls of the tube and the internal hose for efficient heat transfer to the circulating fluid within the hose.
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
The present invention relates to apparatus for cooling an object which is exposed to high temperatures and particularly to cooling by heat transfer to a liquid.
According to the invention an internal hose is disposed in a fluid conduit. The hose is permeable to the coolant liquid which is circulated therein so that there is created a substantially stagnant fluid boundary layer between the walls of the tube and the internal hose for efficient heat transfer to the circulating fluid within the hose.
Description
~L~t734;~q APPARATUS FOR COOLING A BODY
The present invention relates to apparatus for cooling an object which i9 exposed to high temperatures In par~
ticular, the present invention relates to means for cooling and transfer of heat away from the object by means of a fluid, such as water.
The typical furnace for production of ferro alloys, pig iron and carbide requires means for cooling the structural members and equipment which are disposed on or near to the.
furnace. Conventionally, the structural members and equipment are cooled by means of a liquid cool.ant, such as water. In recent years~ a cooling system has been introduced which permits substantiaLly the highest possible external temperatures of the members in the furnace environment. In such kno~
-~ cooling systems, steel pipes for circulating a coolant, are welded on the external. side of thick steel plates forming the roof of the furnace. The internal surface temperature of the steel plates in such a structure are held to temperatures on the order of 150 - ~00C. Since this temperature range is well above the condensation point of water and also well above the condensa~iQn point of sulphurous acid, the possibility of corrosion attack on the structure due to corrosive moisture in the furnace environment is substantially reduced Cooling systems incorporating such steel -tubes welded to the furnace roof have, however, definite ]imitations.
~734~3 At a~mospheric pressures, t~e cooling waker has a boiling point of 100C, that is, well below the surface temperature of the steel plates in the operating furnace When ~he temperature of the pla~e increases to the polnt ~hat the cooling water in the coolant ~ubes reaches the boiling point, the steam produced by the local boiling will block the passage of cooling water through the tube It will be appreciated that under these circumstances, the heat w:ill no longer be carried off and the temperature of the steel plates will rapidly rise In order to remedy such undesirable effects it has previously been proposed to use coolants either having a higher bioling point than water and/or to pressurize the cooling liquid system. However, there are significant disadvantages to either choice If the cooling system is based on a coolant wiLh boiling point higher than ` 100C, a heat exchanger must be used in order to reduce the temperature of the coolant before recycling it through the system. If on the other hand a high pressure cooling system is used, there are rigid safety and design requirements for proper handling of the pressure In either system, even small amounts of leakage are intolerable.
The ob~iect of the present invention is to increase the range of temperature control of the object to be cooled without having to change the cooling medium, its pressure, composition and/or character. Accordingly, the temperature within the system may therefore vary over an extended range .
1 ~ 3 ~ ~
without overheating the cooling systetn, It will be appreciated that the instant invention is not limited to use in a furnace environment and may be generally used in any cooling system where there may be a chance excessive local heating of the coolant liquid, The present invention comprises a permeable hose or tube disposed along the length of the interior of the metal conduits of a cooling system. Preferably the hose is a 1exibl~ tube of textile, filament, or other fibrous material in order to provide flexibility an~ compliance for reasons described below, For best results, when subjected to an internal liquid pressure the hose should behave in an elastic manner, Preferably, the external diameter of the hose substantially corresponds to the internal diameter of ~he metal condui-t in which it is situated, The chosen material for the hose is required to be permeable to the chosen cooling liquid.
Further features and advantages of the apparatus according to the invention will be seen in the description of the figures in which:
Fig, 1 is a longitudinal sect;on of an embodiment of the invention;
Fig, 2 is a transverse section of the embodiment of Fig, l; and Fig, 3 is a trans~erse section of an embodiment of the invention having a smaller d~ameter hose.
~ ~3 4Z ~
In Figs. 1 and 2, a cooling condui-t according to the invention is shown generally at 1. Metal tube or condui~ 2 has axially disposed therein a Elexible fiberglass hose or tube 3a A conventional cooling liquid, preferably water, is circulated through the condu.it 1 whenever heat is to be remo~ed from the environment of the conduit, In accordance with the invention, the flexible fiberglass hose 3a is permeable to water so that water travelling axially within the hose 3a will initially pircolate through the walls of the hose 3a to the interior wall of the metal tube 2 and fill the spaces between hose 3a and tube 2 as well as the pores o~
the hose.
It will be further appreciated that in accordance with the invention, the hose may be fastened at the inlet end of each tube or at both ends The hose may further be inserted in any conventional manner, and the hose may be fastened to the tube by conventional means, for example, a connecting tube or plug. Furthermore, the walls of the conduit may be formed by the walls of an enclosed passage or channel within ~0 a metal member. It will be appreciated that the passage of the coolant liquid through the hose walls depends on several factors including the permeability thereof and the thickness of the walls.
It is believed that the advantages of the cooling apparatus according to the invention arise in accardance wi.th the theory detailed below. It rnust be appreciated ~734Z~3 that there is no in-tent to limit the scope oE the invention herein to this theory of operation which is included herein for completeness and cl,arity in explaining the invention, The cooling water is circulated through the hose 3a at a predetermined velocity. In addition to the axial flow through hose 3a there will be an initial radial flow through the permeable walls which will ill any voids and pores in walls of the hose as well as the space ; 10 between the tube 2 and hose 3a.
Because of the friction at the walls of hose 3a, the a~ial velocity of the circulating fluid will be a maximum at the center of the hose and will decrease to substantially zero velocity at the walls of the hose~ Further, after the initi~l fill there will be substantially no further radial transport of fluid towards the walls of tube 2.
Hence, in the conduit 2 according to the invention, an .
approximately stationary boundary layer is created in the area between the inner periphery of metal tube 2 and the inner periphery oE the walls of hose 3a.
When the walls of tube 2 are externally heated, it has been found that temperature of the tube wal'ls having hose 3a will increase more rapidly -than that of a tube not having internal hose 3a, when exposed to the sa-ne amount of heat and for the same v~lume and velocity of the coolant through the tube.
~ .
:117~428 For the conventional. conduit not having an i.nternal hose in accordance with the invention, the temperature oE the tube wall will reach 100C only when -the coolin~ liquid within the tube is boiling, Such boiling, of course, produces steam which then blocks a further passage of cooling water, According to the present invention, the internal permeable hose 3a crea~es an internal boundary layer of cooling water between the hose and conduit wall which has substantially no axial velocity. Hence, the boundary layer of water surrounding the hose 3a will reach a temperature o 100C relatively quickly and be converted to steam. The atmosphere of steam thus created provides an enclosing steam collar around the hose. Any additional heat transfer will : cause an increase in the steam temperature whereby the heat energy ex~ernally supplied will be transferred to the coolant through an atmosphere of steam. But it will be appreciated that there is no blocking of the axial flow of water through hose 3a, In the preferred embodiment having a flexible elastic :20 hose, a further significant advantage is that the expansion of the enclosing steam collar will send to locally reduce the cross section of the hose and thereby the cross sectional area of the flow of the coolant, The construction o the flexible hose which reduces the area of Elow will l.ocally cause an increased velocity of flow, pro~riding thereby a temporarily increased capacity of heat transport. It wll.l he appreciated that the wetted ~ ~ 3 ~ ~
surface of the t~be i5 increased ;n comparison to a conveational conduit withou~ an internally arranged hose. Thus~ a two~phased flow in a cooling conduit is made possible without ~he previously attendant disadvantage o necessarily causing blockaga of the coolant flow through tube.
Fig. 3 shows another embodiment wherein the hose 3b has a smaller diametar than the metal tube 2 so that a larger volume of stationary boundary layer is created., It will be mderstood that the claims herein are intended to cover all changes and modifications of the preferred embodiments of the invention, herein chosen for the purpose of illustration, which do not constitute departur~s from the spirit and scope of this invention, ~ ' .
:
~ .. . -
The present invention relates to apparatus for cooling an object which i9 exposed to high temperatures In par~
ticular, the present invention relates to means for cooling and transfer of heat away from the object by means of a fluid, such as water.
The typical furnace for production of ferro alloys, pig iron and carbide requires means for cooling the structural members and equipment which are disposed on or near to the.
furnace. Conventionally, the structural members and equipment are cooled by means of a liquid cool.ant, such as water. In recent years~ a cooling system has been introduced which permits substantiaLly the highest possible external temperatures of the members in the furnace environment. In such kno~
-~ cooling systems, steel pipes for circulating a coolant, are welded on the external. side of thick steel plates forming the roof of the furnace. The internal surface temperature of the steel plates in such a structure are held to temperatures on the order of 150 - ~00C. Since this temperature range is well above the condensation point of water and also well above the condensa~iQn point of sulphurous acid, the possibility of corrosion attack on the structure due to corrosive moisture in the furnace environment is substantially reduced Cooling systems incorporating such steel -tubes welded to the furnace roof have, however, definite ]imitations.
~734~3 At a~mospheric pressures, t~e cooling waker has a boiling point of 100C, that is, well below the surface temperature of the steel plates in the operating furnace When ~he temperature of the pla~e increases to the polnt ~hat the cooling water in the coolant ~ubes reaches the boiling point, the steam produced by the local boiling will block the passage of cooling water through the tube It will be appreciated that under these circumstances, the heat w:ill no longer be carried off and the temperature of the steel plates will rapidly rise In order to remedy such undesirable effects it has previously been proposed to use coolants either having a higher bioling point than water and/or to pressurize the cooling liquid system. However, there are significant disadvantages to either choice If the cooling system is based on a coolant wiLh boiling point higher than ` 100C, a heat exchanger must be used in order to reduce the temperature of the coolant before recycling it through the system. If on the other hand a high pressure cooling system is used, there are rigid safety and design requirements for proper handling of the pressure In either system, even small amounts of leakage are intolerable.
The ob~iect of the present invention is to increase the range of temperature control of the object to be cooled without having to change the cooling medium, its pressure, composition and/or character. Accordingly, the temperature within the system may therefore vary over an extended range .
1 ~ 3 ~ ~
without overheating the cooling systetn, It will be appreciated that the instant invention is not limited to use in a furnace environment and may be generally used in any cooling system where there may be a chance excessive local heating of the coolant liquid, The present invention comprises a permeable hose or tube disposed along the length of the interior of the metal conduits of a cooling system. Preferably the hose is a 1exibl~ tube of textile, filament, or other fibrous material in order to provide flexibility an~ compliance for reasons described below, For best results, when subjected to an internal liquid pressure the hose should behave in an elastic manner, Preferably, the external diameter of the hose substantially corresponds to the internal diameter of ~he metal condui-t in which it is situated, The chosen material for the hose is required to be permeable to the chosen cooling liquid.
Further features and advantages of the apparatus according to the invention will be seen in the description of the figures in which:
Fig, 1 is a longitudinal sect;on of an embodiment of the invention;
Fig, 2 is a transverse section of the embodiment of Fig, l; and Fig, 3 is a trans~erse section of an embodiment of the invention having a smaller d~ameter hose.
~ ~3 4Z ~
In Figs. 1 and 2, a cooling condui-t according to the invention is shown generally at 1. Metal tube or condui~ 2 has axially disposed therein a Elexible fiberglass hose or tube 3a A conventional cooling liquid, preferably water, is circulated through the condu.it 1 whenever heat is to be remo~ed from the environment of the conduit, In accordance with the invention, the flexible fiberglass hose 3a is permeable to water so that water travelling axially within the hose 3a will initially pircolate through the walls of the hose 3a to the interior wall of the metal tube 2 and fill the spaces between hose 3a and tube 2 as well as the pores o~
the hose.
It will be further appreciated that in accordance with the invention, the hose may be fastened at the inlet end of each tube or at both ends The hose may further be inserted in any conventional manner, and the hose may be fastened to the tube by conventional means, for example, a connecting tube or plug. Furthermore, the walls of the conduit may be formed by the walls of an enclosed passage or channel within ~0 a metal member. It will be appreciated that the passage of the coolant liquid through the hose walls depends on several factors including the permeability thereof and the thickness of the walls.
It is believed that the advantages of the cooling apparatus according to the invention arise in accardance wi.th the theory detailed below. It rnust be appreciated ~734Z~3 that there is no in-tent to limit the scope oE the invention herein to this theory of operation which is included herein for completeness and cl,arity in explaining the invention, The cooling water is circulated through the hose 3a at a predetermined velocity. In addition to the axial flow through hose 3a there will be an initial radial flow through the permeable walls which will ill any voids and pores in walls of the hose as well as the space ; 10 between the tube 2 and hose 3a.
Because of the friction at the walls of hose 3a, the a~ial velocity of the circulating fluid will be a maximum at the center of the hose and will decrease to substantially zero velocity at the walls of the hose~ Further, after the initi~l fill there will be substantially no further radial transport of fluid towards the walls of tube 2.
Hence, in the conduit 2 according to the invention, an .
approximately stationary boundary layer is created in the area between the inner periphery of metal tube 2 and the inner periphery oE the walls of hose 3a.
When the walls of tube 2 are externally heated, it has been found that temperature of the tube wal'ls having hose 3a will increase more rapidly -than that of a tube not having internal hose 3a, when exposed to the sa-ne amount of heat and for the same v~lume and velocity of the coolant through the tube.
~ .
:117~428 For the conventional. conduit not having an i.nternal hose in accordance with the invention, the temperature oE the tube wall will reach 100C only when -the coolin~ liquid within the tube is boiling, Such boiling, of course, produces steam which then blocks a further passage of cooling water, According to the present invention, the internal permeable hose 3a crea~es an internal boundary layer of cooling water between the hose and conduit wall which has substantially no axial velocity. Hence, the boundary layer of water surrounding the hose 3a will reach a temperature o 100C relatively quickly and be converted to steam. The atmosphere of steam thus created provides an enclosing steam collar around the hose. Any additional heat transfer will : cause an increase in the steam temperature whereby the heat energy ex~ernally supplied will be transferred to the coolant through an atmosphere of steam. But it will be appreciated that there is no blocking of the axial flow of water through hose 3a, In the preferred embodiment having a flexible elastic :20 hose, a further significant advantage is that the expansion of the enclosing steam collar will send to locally reduce the cross section of the hose and thereby the cross sectional area of the flow of the coolant, The construction o the flexible hose which reduces the area of Elow will l.ocally cause an increased velocity of flow, pro~riding thereby a temporarily increased capacity of heat transport. It wll.l he appreciated that the wetted ~ ~ 3 ~ ~
surface of the t~be i5 increased ;n comparison to a conveational conduit withou~ an internally arranged hose. Thus~ a two~phased flow in a cooling conduit is made possible without ~he previously attendant disadvantage o necessarily causing blockaga of the coolant flow through tube.
Fig. 3 shows another embodiment wherein the hose 3b has a smaller diametar than the metal tube 2 so that a larger volume of stationary boundary layer is created., It will be mderstood that the claims herein are intended to cover all changes and modifications of the preferred embodiments of the invention, herein chosen for the purpose of illustration, which do not constitute departur~s from the spirit and scope of this invention, ~ ' .
:
~ .. . -
Claims (13)
1. Apparatus for cooling comprising:
(a) a conduit having metal walls;
(b) an internal hose disposed in said conduit at least along a portion of the length thereof; and (c) said internal hose having walls which are permeable to a selected coolant liquid.
(a) a conduit having metal walls;
(b) an internal hose disposed in said conduit at least along a portion of the length thereof; and (c) said internal hose having walls which are permeable to a selected coolant liquid.
2. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said conduit is a metal tube.
3. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said internal hose has an outer diameter which approximately corresponds to the internal diameter of said conduit.
4. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said internal hose is a flexible filamentous hose.
5. The apparatus of claim 4 wherein said internal hose is an elastic flexible filamentous hose.
6. The apparatus of claim 4 wherein said flexible filamentous hose comprises a flexible fiberglass hose.
7. The apparatus of claim 4 wherein said flexible filamentous hose comprises a flexible textile fiber hose.
8. The apparatus of claim 1 or 4 wherein said selected coolant is water and said internal hose is permeable to water.
9. In a furnace for production of ferro alloys, pig iron, carbide, and the like, an improved cooling apparatus for cooling furnace members comprising:
(a) a conduit having metal walls in thermal contact with structured members of said furnace;
(b) an internal hose disposed in said conduit at least along a portion of the length thereof;
and (c) said internal hose having walls which are permeable to a selected coolant liquid.
(a) a conduit having metal walls in thermal contact with structured members of said furnace;
(b) an internal hose disposed in said conduit at least along a portion of the length thereof;
and (c) said internal hose having walls which are permeable to a selected coolant liquid.
10. An improved conduit for cooling a furnace of the type for producing ferro alloys, pig iron, carbide, and the like, comprising:
(a) an outer conduit having metal walls for thermal contact with a structural member of the furnace;
(b) an internal hose disposed in said conduit at least along a portion of the length thereof;
and (c) said internal hose having walls which are permeable to a selected coolant liquid
(a) an outer conduit having metal walls for thermal contact with a structural member of the furnace;
(b) an internal hose disposed in said conduit at least along a portion of the length thereof;
and (c) said internal hose having walls which are permeable to a selected coolant liquid
11. A method for removing heat comprising the steps of:
(a) disposing a cooling conduit having metal walls in thermal contact with an object from which heat is to be removed;
(b) inserting a hose internal to said conduit, said hose running substantially at least the length thereof in thermal contact with the object, said hose being permeable to a selected coolant liquid; and (c) circulating the selected coolant liquid through the interior of said hose.
(a) disposing a cooling conduit having metal walls in thermal contact with an object from which heat is to be removed;
(b) inserting a hose internal to said conduit, said hose running substantially at least the length thereof in thermal contact with the object, said hose being permeable to a selected coolant liquid; and (c) circulating the selected coolant liquid through the interior of said hose.
12. The method of claim 11 wherein said hose is a flexible fiberglass hose and the selected coolant liquid is water.
13. An improved method for cooling a body at a temperature higher than the boiling point of the coolant atmospheric pressure comprising the steps of:
(a) disposing a cooling conduit having metal walls in thermal contact with an object from which heat is to be removed;
(b) inserting a hose internal to said conduit, said hose running substantially at least the length thereof in thermal contact with the object, said hose being permeable to a selected coolant liquid; and (c) circulating the selected coolant liquid through the interior of said hose.
(a) disposing a cooling conduit having metal walls in thermal contact with an object from which heat is to be removed;
(b) inserting a hose internal to said conduit, said hose running substantially at least the length thereof in thermal contact with the object, said hose being permeable to a selected coolant liquid; and (c) circulating the selected coolant liquid through the interior of said hose.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000397712A CA1173428A (en) | 1982-03-05 | 1982-03-05 | Apparatus for cooling a body |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000397712A CA1173428A (en) | 1982-03-05 | 1982-03-05 | Apparatus for cooling a body |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1173428A true CA1173428A (en) | 1984-08-28 |
Family
ID=4122228
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000397712A Expired CA1173428A (en) | 1982-03-05 | 1982-03-05 | Apparatus for cooling a body |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1173428A (en) |
-
1982
- 1982-03-05 CA CA000397712A patent/CA1173428A/en not_active Expired
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEC | Expiry (correction) | ||
| MKEX | Expiry |