CA1170866A - Drill, drill chuck and methods of chucking and unchucking - Google Patents
Drill, drill chuck and methods of chucking and unchuckingInfo
- Publication number
- CA1170866A CA1170866A CA000386912A CA386912A CA1170866A CA 1170866 A CA1170866 A CA 1170866A CA 000386912 A CA000386912 A CA 000386912A CA 386912 A CA386912 A CA 386912A CA 1170866 A CA1170866 A CA 1170866A
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- Prior art keywords
- drill
- chuck
- shell
- teeth
- jaws
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Abstract
DRILL, DRILL CHUCK, AND
METHODS OF CHUCKING AND UNCHUCKING
ABSTRACT
A portable electric drill is provided with a keyless slidable jaw chuck having three slidable jaws provided with externally extending teeth mounted within a chuck body hav-ing three slideways for the chuck jaws and a traverse nut rotatable on the chuck body having internal threads engaged with the chuck jaws, and a locking shell slidable relative to the traverse nut so as to rotate together relative the chuck body. Teeth, lugs or other projections on the rear-ward annular face of the shell selectively matingly co-operate with teeth, lugs or similar projections provided on the drill housing so that, when the shell is slid rearwardly towards the drill housing the shell and traverse nut are held against rotation relative the drill housing upon actu-ation of the drill torotate the chuck body, the chuck jaws will be automatically extended or retracted, depending upon the drill rotation direction, to chuck or unchuck a drill bit or other accessory inserted therebetween.
METHODS OF CHUCKING AND UNCHUCKING
ABSTRACT
A portable electric drill is provided with a keyless slidable jaw chuck having three slidable jaws provided with externally extending teeth mounted within a chuck body hav-ing three slideways for the chuck jaws and a traverse nut rotatable on the chuck body having internal threads engaged with the chuck jaws, and a locking shell slidable relative to the traverse nut so as to rotate together relative the chuck body. Teeth, lugs or other projections on the rear-ward annular face of the shell selectively matingly co-operate with teeth, lugs or similar projections provided on the drill housing so that, when the shell is slid rearwardly towards the drill housing the shell and traverse nut are held against rotation relative the drill housing upon actu-ation of the drill torotate the chuck body, the chuck jaws will be automatically extended or retracted, depending upon the drill rotation direction, to chuck or unchuck a drill bit or other accessory inserted therebetween.
Description
1170~66 :DRILL, DRILL CHUCK, AND
METIIODS OF CHUCYING AND UNCHUCKING
DESCRIPTION
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to drills and, especially, power operated drills and to keyless sliding jaw drill chucks and ~ methods of chucking and unchucking thereof.
:~:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Rowe U.S. Patent No. 2,716,555 discloses a locking arrangement for a drill chuck wherein a locking lug is slid-able laterally into and out of engagement with the drill chuck nut to enable motor torque to be utilized to open and 10 close the chuck jaws. Haviland U.S. Patent No. 3,545,776 and McCarthy et al, U.S. Patent No. 3,325,166 disclose the use of a sliding collar carried by a drill chuck spindle, spring biased towards the front of the chuck away from the drill, and provided with lugs on their rear surfaces for engaging mating lugs on the drill housing. In these latter two patents, howPver, the sliding collar is keyed to and utilized to lock the spindle against rotation so that the locking collar may be easily manually rotated to actuate qe~
1~7~366 the sliding chuek jaws. Other keyless chucks for powered drills, especially for portable electrie drills, have been previously suggested but have not found widespread accept-ance. Rather, keyed chucks have been more popular, even though the need for a key has been found disadvantageous.
OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION
.
Bearing in mind the foregoing, it is a primary object of the present invention to provide new and improved keyless ehueks, powered drills incorporating the same, and methods of ehueking and unehueking the same.
Another primary object of the present invention, in addition to the foregoing object, is the provision of novel and improved keyless ehueks, drills ineorporating sueh ehueks, and methods of ehueking and unchucking thereof utilizing the powered torque of sueh drills for the automatic chucking and unehueking of drill bits and other accessories therefore.
Another primary object of the present invention, in addition to eaeh of the foregoing objeets, is the provision of novel and improved keyless chueks, powered drills ineor-porating the same, and methods of ehueking and unchuekingutilizing the powered torque of the drill for operating -the ehueking meehanism to slide a plurality of jaws toward and away from each other together with means for automatically releasing such torquing power therefrom at a torque level proteeting the drill, ehuek and drill bit inserted -therein from damage due to excessing torquing.
Yet another primary objeet of the present invention, in addition to each of the foregoing objects, is the provision of sueh drills and drill ehueks powered thereby for chucking and unchueking drill bits and other aeeessories which are eompaet, safe, reliable and eonvenient in use, durable, and eeonomieal to manufaeture.
~17~866 Still another primary object of the present invention, in addition to each of the foregoing objects, is the pro-vision of such drills, drill chucks, and methods of chuck-ing and unchucking of keyless slidable jaw chucks having a slidable shell mounted for rotation with a traverse nut for advancing and retracting a plurality of sliding exter-nally toothed jaws and having means selectively engagable with the drill housing for locking thereby against rotation relative thereto so that powered operation of the drill when the slidable shell is engaged therewith rotates the chuck body and jaws relative said locked slidable shell for chuck-ing and unchucking operation thereof.
Yet another primary object of the present invention, in addition to each of the foregoing objects, is the pro-vision of such drills, drill chucks, and methods of chuck-ing and unchucking thereof wherein said sliding shell com-prises at least one and preferably a plurality of lugs or teeth extending around an annular end thereof adjacent the drill housing and wherein at least one and preferably a plurality of mating lugs or teeth are provided on the drill housing adjacent thereto.
Still another primary object of the present invention, in addition to each of the foregoing objec-ts, is the pro-vision of such drills, drill chucks, and methods of chuck-ing and unchucking thereof wherein said lugs or teeth are angulated to provide a vector force durlng torquing which acts in a direction forwardly of the chuck tending to re-lease said lugs or teeth of said sliding shell from the toothed engagement.
~nother and yet still further primary object of the present invention, in addition to each of the foregoing ob-jects, is the provision of such drills, drill chucks, and methods of chucking and unchucking drill bits and other ac-cessories including spring means for retaining such sliding shell in its forward, released or unlocked position to ~17(~866 enable normal operative rotation of said chuck while requir-ing positive operator applied rearward pressure thereon for engaging said locking means.
Another and still further primary object of the present invention, in addition to each of the foregoing objects, is the provision of such drills, drill chucks, and methods of chucking and unchucking wherein said chuck is provided with a spring detent for selectively holding said shell in either a forward position wherein said teeth are disengaged for drilling, or the like, and in a rearward position wherein said teeth are engaged for chucking and unchucking so that thç inclination of said teeth pops said detent from said rear position to said forward position at a predetermined torque.
Yet still another and yet further primary object of the present invention, in addition to each of the foregoing ob-jects, is the provision of such drill, drill chucks, and methods of chucking and unchucking wherein said shell is spring biased towards the forward configuration wherein said teeth are disengaged.
A yet further primary object of the present invention, in addition to each of the foregoing objects, is the pro-vision of such drills, drill chucks, and methods of chuck-ing and unchucking wherein there is provided a collar be-tween said shell and said traverse nut for re-taining said treverse nut in a circular configuration, said traverse nut being split for assembly therewith.
A yet still further primary object of the present inven-tion, in addition to each of the foregoing objects, is the provision of such drills, drill chucks, and methods of chuck-ing and unchucking wherein said shell, said collar and said traverse nut are provided with mating flatted surfaces to prevent relative rotation therebetween.
1~7~866 Yet still another primary object of the present inven-tion, in addition to each of the foregoing objects, is the provision of such drills and drill chucks wherein said sleeve is of sheet steel formed with a plurality of longi-tudinal protuberances extending outwardly to mate with lon-gitudinal grooves on the inside of said shell.
The invention resides in the combination, construction, arrangement and disposition for the various component parts and elements incorporated in new and improved drills, drill chucks, and methods of chucking and unchucking in accordance with the principles of this invention. The present invention will be better understood and objects and important features other than those specifically enumerated above, will become apparent when consideration is given to the following details and description which, when taken in conjunction with the annexed drawing describes, discloses, illustrates and shows certain preferred embodiments or modifications of the pres-ent invention and what is presently considered and believed to be the best mode of practicing the principles thereof.
Other embodiments or modifications may be suggested to those having the benefit of the teachings herein, and such other e~bodiments or modifications are intended to be reserved, especially as they fall within the scope and spirit of the subjoined claims.
B~IEF SUMMAR~ OF THE INVENTION
_ In accordance with the present invention, a power oper-ated drill, such as a portable electric drill, is provided with a keyless slidable jaw chuck, for example, a chuck hav-ing three slidable jaws provided with externally extending t~eth mounted within a chuck body having three slideways for the chuck jaws and further comprising a traverse nut rotat-able on the chuck body having internal threads engaged with the chuck jaws, and a locking shell slidable relative to the traverse nut. The nut and the shell are provided with means il7~866 restraining them so as to rotate together relative the chuck body. Teeth, lugs or other projections are provided on the rearward annular face of the shell for selective mating co-operation with teeth, lugs or similar projections provided on the drill housing so that, when the shell is slid rear-wardly towards the drill housing so that the teeth, lugs or other projections engage, the shell and traverse nut are held against rotation relative the drill housing. In this configuration, upon actuation of the drill to rotate the chuck body, the chuck jaws will be automatically extended or retracted, depending upon the drill rotation direction, to chuck or unchuck a drill bit or other accessory inserted therebetween. In accordance with a preferred embodiment, a plurality of mating teeth are provided on the rear of the shell and the adjacent portion of the drill housing and the teeth are inclined so as to automatically disengage upon the torque reaching a predefined level to prèvent damage to the drill, chuck, or drill bit. In combination with a revers-ible drill, automatic chucking and unchucking is achieved.
The chuck shell is also preferably provided with spring means Eor normally holding it with the teeth disengaged such as a spring biasing it towards disengagement of the teeth or other projections or a two position detent arrangement can be provided which will automatically pop from the chuck-ing and unchucking or locked, rearward position to a foward,disengaged or operating position with the teeth or other projections disengaged.
. _ .
Although the specification concludes with claims partic-ularly pointing out and distinctly claiming the subject mat-ter regarded as forming the present invention, it is believed that the invention will be better understood and objects and important features other than those specifically enumerated above will become apparent from the hereinafter set forth l~t~ 6 detailed description of the invention taken in conjunction with the annexed drawing, and wherein like reference numer-als are utilized for similar parts -throughout the various views, in which:
FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective illustration of a drill provided with a drill chuck in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional illustration of the front portion of the drill and drill chuck of FIG. 1 showing the drill chuck in an unlocked position for normal operation of a drill bit or other attachment;
FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective illustration similar to FIG. 1 illustrating another embodiment of a drill and drill chuck in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an elevational cross-sectional view similar to FIG. 2 of the nose portion and drill chuck of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective illustration of yet another embodiment of drill and drill chuck in accordance with the present invention; and FIG. 6 is an enlarged cross-sectional illustration of the nose portion of the drill and drill chuck of FIG. 5.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
With reference now to the drawing, and particularly to FIGS. 1 and 2 thereof, there is shown and illustrated a portable electric drill designated generally by the refer-ence character 10 having a threaded spindle 12 projectin~outwar~ly from the nose portion of a housing 14 together with a keyless sliding jaw chuck designated generally by the reference character 16 associated with the drill 10 for powere1 actuation thereby for chucking and unchucking drill bits and other accessories in accordance with the present invention.
V~tif~;
The drill chuck 16 comprises a generally cylindrical chuck body 18 having at its rearward end (i.e., to the left in FIG. 1) a threaded recess 20 adapted to receive the drill spindle 12. At its forward end (i.e., to the right in FIG.
1), the chuck body 18 has an axial bore 22 adapted for the reception of a working implement such as a drill bit, or other attachment. Extending rearwardly and outwardly from the axial bore 22 are three inclined bores 26, each bore being adapted for the reception of a jaw 28 slidably mounted for reciprocation therein. Surrounding the chuck body 18 is a sleeve or collar 30. Fixed within the sleeve or collar 30 is a traverse nut 32, the inner surface of which is provided with threads 34 for engaging complimentary thread segments 36 on each of the jaws 28. The traverse nut 32 may, in accordance with well known practice, be machined, and then split into two complementary halves 32a and 32b and assem-bled on the chuck body 18 to be held in position thereon by the sleeve or collar 30 and to be rotatable relative the chuck body 18 within a circumferential groove defined by spaced apart general]y parallel annular walls 38 and 40.
The sleeve or collar 30 may be a press fit on the split halves of the traverse nut 32 so as to be fixed for rotation therewith. The outer surface of the traverse nut 32 and the inner surface of the sleeve of collar 30 may further be pro-vided with complimentary flatted surfaces 31 and 33, respec-tively so as to yet further preclude any relative rotational motion therebetween. Hence, the sleeve or collar 30 and traverse nut 32 are rotatable as a unit on the body 18 but are held against relative axial movement by the walls 38 and 40 with the result that when the sleeve or collar 30 and traverse nut 32 assembly is turned the jaws 28 move in unison lengthwise of the inclined bore 26 to engage or dis-engage the drill bit or other attachment inserted there-between.
V8~6 A shell 42 is also rotatably carried surrounding the chuck body 18 and slidable on the sleeve or collar 30 being keyed thereto against relative rotation by mating flatted surfaces 35 and 37 on the interior of the shell 42 and 5 exterior of the sleeve or collar 30, respectively. Spring means, such as a split detent ring 44 is carried in a channel 46 on the interior of the shell 42 adjacent the rearward end, that is, the end opposite the collar or sleeve 30 and the chuck body 18 is provided with mating detent grooves 48 and 50 separated by a raised crest 52. Accord-ingly, a forward or normal operating position and a rearward position are defined for the shell 42 and in normal opera-tion of the drill the spring means or detent ring 44 is effective to retain the shell 42 in its forward position while permittiny an operator to manually move it to its rearward position.
The rearward end portion of the shell 42 is provided with latching means such as a plurality of rearwardly extend-ing teeth or lugs 54 for engaging mating means on the drill 10, such as a ring 56 mounted with the housing 14 annularly surrounding the spindle 12 and provided with such mating means such as teeth or lugs 58 which, when engaged with the teeth or lugs 54 when the shell 42 is manually moved to the rearward position prevent rotation of the shell 42 relative the drill 14. As heretofore pointed out, the mating flatted surfaces on the shell 42, sleeve or collar 30 and traverse nut 32 prevent relative rotation therehetween so that the traverse nut 32 is thereby held stationary relative the drill 10. If the drill 10 is then energized, the spindle 12 will tend to rotate relative the traverse nut 32 and if the jaws 28 are not restrained by either chucking engagement with a drill bit or other accessory or in full outward ex-pansion against an annular stop wall 60 on the chuck body 18, the jaws 28 will be thereby moved within the slideways 26. The drill 10 is preferably reversible. ~ence, when the ~ v~
drill is operated in a forward direction, the jaws 28 will be moved forwardly and inwardly on the slideways 26 for auto-matically chucking a drill or other accessory therebetween.
r7hen the drill 10 is operated in a reverse direction, rotat-ing the spindle 12 in a counterclockwise direction, the jaws28 will be slid rearwardly and outwardly in the slideways 26 for unchucking. The ring 56 may, as shown, be mounted with the drill 10 within an annular recess 62 of sufficient depth to shield the lugs or teeth 54 from accidental engaqement by the operator's hands. The ring 56 may be mounted within the recess 62 in any convenient manner such as by means of roll pins 63, or the like, or the ring may be provided with an irregular or knurled periphery, for example, and be pressed or cast in place. To retain the chuck body 18 on lS the spindle 12, a left-handed locking screw 64 may be pro-vided.
In use, if it is desired to chuck or unchuck a drill bit or other accessory, the operator need merely slide the shell 42 to its rearward position, positioning the detent ring 44 in the rearward groove 50, and then operate the drill 10 in the forward or reverse direction, as desired to chuck or unchuck, respectively, the drill bit or acces-sory. When the jaws are tight, the drill will stall and the shell 42 may then be slid forwardly, engaging the detent ring 44 in the forward groove 48 to enable normal operation of the drill. Movement of the shell 42 from the rearward or locked position to the forward, unlocked or operating position may be left to the manual selection of the opera-tor. Preferably, however, means are provided for automat-ically releasing the shell 42 from its locked position a-t a preselected torque level sufficient to securely chuck a drill bit or accessory yet below the stall torque of the drill motor as to both protect the motor from excessive operation in a stalled position and to make use o~ the tool by an operator more convenient.
1~7~866 Such automatic operation may be readily achieved by angulating the sides of the teeth or lugs 54 and/or the teeth or lugs 58. Both may be so angulated and/or the angulated surfaces which contact in the reverse or un-chucking direction may be slightly steeper than the angu-lated surfaces which contact in the forward or chucking direction so that sufficient torque should always be available to unchuck any drill bit or accessory that has been chucked. In use, the angulation is sufficient to drive the shell 42 forwardly when the preselected torque level has been reached an efficient to raise the detent ring 44 over the crest 52 so that it may snap into the groove 48 and pull the lugs or teeth 54 well clear of the lugs or teeth 58 and permit normal drilling operations, the detent ring being effective to function as a spring to hold the shell 42 in the forward or operative position and precluding inadvertant rearward movement thereof.
Referring now to FIGS. 3 and 4, there is shown and illustrated another embodiment or modification of a drill and keyless sliding jaw drill chuck in accordance with the present invention and wherein identical reference characters are utilized for parts that are the same as like parts in the previous embodiment or modification. Like reference characters are also used for similar parts, serving similar functions yet differing in specific detail, except that in such instance the like reference numbers are primed. Hence, the drill 10 is shown and illustrated with a modified key-less sliding ~aw chuck 16'. In the drill chuck 16', the primary substitutive difference is that the spring means for holding the shell 42' in its forward, operative position comprises a conically wound compression spring 44' position-ed behind the shell 42' so that the shell 42' is biased forwardly into the normal operating position thereof. In this embodiment or modification, the operator would depress i~7~ 6t;
the shell 42' against the compression spring 44' to engage the lugs and hold the spring 44' compressed for chucking and unchucking.
Referring now to FIGS. 5 and 6, there is shown and 5 illustrated yet another drill and keyless sliding jaw drill chuck constructed in accordance with the principles of the present invention wherein, as in the description of FIGS.
3 and 4, like reference characters are utilized for ident-ical parts as well as for similar parts but wherein for 10 parts that are similar yet not identical, the reference characters are double primed. In the chuck 16" of FIGS. 5 and 6, the keying means between the shell 42" and the sleeve or collar 30" comprises slots 42a formed on the interior of the shell 42" and mating longitudinally extending protuber-15 ances 30a extending radially outwardly of the sleeve orcollar 30". Further, the sleeve or collar 30" may be of pressed steel construction, with the protuberances 30a being formed or pressed in the wall thereof.
While the invention has been described, disclosed,
METIIODS OF CHUCYING AND UNCHUCKING
DESCRIPTION
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to drills and, especially, power operated drills and to keyless sliding jaw drill chucks and ~ methods of chucking and unchucking thereof.
:~:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Rowe U.S. Patent No. 2,716,555 discloses a locking arrangement for a drill chuck wherein a locking lug is slid-able laterally into and out of engagement with the drill chuck nut to enable motor torque to be utilized to open and 10 close the chuck jaws. Haviland U.S. Patent No. 3,545,776 and McCarthy et al, U.S. Patent No. 3,325,166 disclose the use of a sliding collar carried by a drill chuck spindle, spring biased towards the front of the chuck away from the drill, and provided with lugs on their rear surfaces for engaging mating lugs on the drill housing. In these latter two patents, howPver, the sliding collar is keyed to and utilized to lock the spindle against rotation so that the locking collar may be easily manually rotated to actuate qe~
1~7~366 the sliding chuek jaws. Other keyless chucks for powered drills, especially for portable electrie drills, have been previously suggested but have not found widespread accept-ance. Rather, keyed chucks have been more popular, even though the need for a key has been found disadvantageous.
OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION
.
Bearing in mind the foregoing, it is a primary object of the present invention to provide new and improved keyless ehueks, powered drills incorporating the same, and methods of ehueking and unehueking the same.
Another primary object of the present invention, in addition to the foregoing object, is the provision of novel and improved keyless ehueks, drills ineorporating sueh ehueks, and methods of ehueking and unchucking thereof utilizing the powered torque of sueh drills for the automatic chucking and unehueking of drill bits and other accessories therefore.
Another primary object of the present invention, in addition to eaeh of the foregoing objeets, is the provision of novel and improved keyless chueks, powered drills ineor-porating the same, and methods of ehueking and unchuekingutilizing the powered torque of the drill for operating -the ehueking meehanism to slide a plurality of jaws toward and away from each other together with means for automatically releasing such torquing power therefrom at a torque level proteeting the drill, ehuek and drill bit inserted -therein from damage due to excessing torquing.
Yet another primary objeet of the present invention, in addition to each of the foregoing objects, is the provision of sueh drills and drill ehueks powered thereby for chucking and unchueking drill bits and other aeeessories which are eompaet, safe, reliable and eonvenient in use, durable, and eeonomieal to manufaeture.
~17~866 Still another primary object of the present invention, in addition to each of the foregoing objects, is the pro-vision of such drills, drill chucks, and methods of chuck-ing and unchucking of keyless slidable jaw chucks having a slidable shell mounted for rotation with a traverse nut for advancing and retracting a plurality of sliding exter-nally toothed jaws and having means selectively engagable with the drill housing for locking thereby against rotation relative thereto so that powered operation of the drill when the slidable shell is engaged therewith rotates the chuck body and jaws relative said locked slidable shell for chuck-ing and unchucking operation thereof.
Yet another primary object of the present invention, in addition to each of the foregoing objects, is the pro-vision of such drills, drill chucks, and methods of chuck-ing and unchucking thereof wherein said sliding shell com-prises at least one and preferably a plurality of lugs or teeth extending around an annular end thereof adjacent the drill housing and wherein at least one and preferably a plurality of mating lugs or teeth are provided on the drill housing adjacent thereto.
Still another primary object of the present invention, in addition to each of the foregoing objec-ts, is the pro-vision of such drills, drill chucks, and methods of chuck-ing and unchucking thereof wherein said lugs or teeth are angulated to provide a vector force durlng torquing which acts in a direction forwardly of the chuck tending to re-lease said lugs or teeth of said sliding shell from the toothed engagement.
~nother and yet still further primary object of the present invention, in addition to each of the foregoing ob-jects, is the provision of such drills, drill chucks, and methods of chucking and unchucking drill bits and other ac-cessories including spring means for retaining such sliding shell in its forward, released or unlocked position to ~17(~866 enable normal operative rotation of said chuck while requir-ing positive operator applied rearward pressure thereon for engaging said locking means.
Another and still further primary object of the present invention, in addition to each of the foregoing objects, is the provision of such drills, drill chucks, and methods of chucking and unchucking wherein said chuck is provided with a spring detent for selectively holding said shell in either a forward position wherein said teeth are disengaged for drilling, or the like, and in a rearward position wherein said teeth are engaged for chucking and unchucking so that thç inclination of said teeth pops said detent from said rear position to said forward position at a predetermined torque.
Yet still another and yet further primary object of the present invention, in addition to each of the foregoing ob-jects, is the provision of such drill, drill chucks, and methods of chucking and unchucking wherein said shell is spring biased towards the forward configuration wherein said teeth are disengaged.
A yet further primary object of the present invention, in addition to each of the foregoing objects, is the pro-vision of such drills, drill chucks, and methods of chuck-ing and unchucking wherein there is provided a collar be-tween said shell and said traverse nut for re-taining said treverse nut in a circular configuration, said traverse nut being split for assembly therewith.
A yet still further primary object of the present inven-tion, in addition to each of the foregoing objects, is the provision of such drills, drill chucks, and methods of chuck-ing and unchucking wherein said shell, said collar and said traverse nut are provided with mating flatted surfaces to prevent relative rotation therebetween.
1~7~866 Yet still another primary object of the present inven-tion, in addition to each of the foregoing objects, is the provision of such drills and drill chucks wherein said sleeve is of sheet steel formed with a plurality of longi-tudinal protuberances extending outwardly to mate with lon-gitudinal grooves on the inside of said shell.
The invention resides in the combination, construction, arrangement and disposition for the various component parts and elements incorporated in new and improved drills, drill chucks, and methods of chucking and unchucking in accordance with the principles of this invention. The present invention will be better understood and objects and important features other than those specifically enumerated above, will become apparent when consideration is given to the following details and description which, when taken in conjunction with the annexed drawing describes, discloses, illustrates and shows certain preferred embodiments or modifications of the pres-ent invention and what is presently considered and believed to be the best mode of practicing the principles thereof.
Other embodiments or modifications may be suggested to those having the benefit of the teachings herein, and such other e~bodiments or modifications are intended to be reserved, especially as they fall within the scope and spirit of the subjoined claims.
B~IEF SUMMAR~ OF THE INVENTION
_ In accordance with the present invention, a power oper-ated drill, such as a portable electric drill, is provided with a keyless slidable jaw chuck, for example, a chuck hav-ing three slidable jaws provided with externally extending t~eth mounted within a chuck body having three slideways for the chuck jaws and further comprising a traverse nut rotat-able on the chuck body having internal threads engaged with the chuck jaws, and a locking shell slidable relative to the traverse nut. The nut and the shell are provided with means il7~866 restraining them so as to rotate together relative the chuck body. Teeth, lugs or other projections are provided on the rearward annular face of the shell for selective mating co-operation with teeth, lugs or similar projections provided on the drill housing so that, when the shell is slid rear-wardly towards the drill housing so that the teeth, lugs or other projections engage, the shell and traverse nut are held against rotation relative the drill housing. In this configuration, upon actuation of the drill to rotate the chuck body, the chuck jaws will be automatically extended or retracted, depending upon the drill rotation direction, to chuck or unchuck a drill bit or other accessory inserted therebetween. In accordance with a preferred embodiment, a plurality of mating teeth are provided on the rear of the shell and the adjacent portion of the drill housing and the teeth are inclined so as to automatically disengage upon the torque reaching a predefined level to prèvent damage to the drill, chuck, or drill bit. In combination with a revers-ible drill, automatic chucking and unchucking is achieved.
The chuck shell is also preferably provided with spring means Eor normally holding it with the teeth disengaged such as a spring biasing it towards disengagement of the teeth or other projections or a two position detent arrangement can be provided which will automatically pop from the chuck-ing and unchucking or locked, rearward position to a foward,disengaged or operating position with the teeth or other projections disengaged.
. _ .
Although the specification concludes with claims partic-ularly pointing out and distinctly claiming the subject mat-ter regarded as forming the present invention, it is believed that the invention will be better understood and objects and important features other than those specifically enumerated above will become apparent from the hereinafter set forth l~t~ 6 detailed description of the invention taken in conjunction with the annexed drawing, and wherein like reference numer-als are utilized for similar parts -throughout the various views, in which:
FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective illustration of a drill provided with a drill chuck in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional illustration of the front portion of the drill and drill chuck of FIG. 1 showing the drill chuck in an unlocked position for normal operation of a drill bit or other attachment;
FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective illustration similar to FIG. 1 illustrating another embodiment of a drill and drill chuck in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an elevational cross-sectional view similar to FIG. 2 of the nose portion and drill chuck of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective illustration of yet another embodiment of drill and drill chuck in accordance with the present invention; and FIG. 6 is an enlarged cross-sectional illustration of the nose portion of the drill and drill chuck of FIG. 5.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
With reference now to the drawing, and particularly to FIGS. 1 and 2 thereof, there is shown and illustrated a portable electric drill designated generally by the refer-ence character 10 having a threaded spindle 12 projectin~outwar~ly from the nose portion of a housing 14 together with a keyless sliding jaw chuck designated generally by the reference character 16 associated with the drill 10 for powere1 actuation thereby for chucking and unchucking drill bits and other accessories in accordance with the present invention.
V~tif~;
The drill chuck 16 comprises a generally cylindrical chuck body 18 having at its rearward end (i.e., to the left in FIG. 1) a threaded recess 20 adapted to receive the drill spindle 12. At its forward end (i.e., to the right in FIG.
1), the chuck body 18 has an axial bore 22 adapted for the reception of a working implement such as a drill bit, or other attachment. Extending rearwardly and outwardly from the axial bore 22 are three inclined bores 26, each bore being adapted for the reception of a jaw 28 slidably mounted for reciprocation therein. Surrounding the chuck body 18 is a sleeve or collar 30. Fixed within the sleeve or collar 30 is a traverse nut 32, the inner surface of which is provided with threads 34 for engaging complimentary thread segments 36 on each of the jaws 28. The traverse nut 32 may, in accordance with well known practice, be machined, and then split into two complementary halves 32a and 32b and assem-bled on the chuck body 18 to be held in position thereon by the sleeve or collar 30 and to be rotatable relative the chuck body 18 within a circumferential groove defined by spaced apart general]y parallel annular walls 38 and 40.
The sleeve or collar 30 may be a press fit on the split halves of the traverse nut 32 so as to be fixed for rotation therewith. The outer surface of the traverse nut 32 and the inner surface of the sleeve of collar 30 may further be pro-vided with complimentary flatted surfaces 31 and 33, respec-tively so as to yet further preclude any relative rotational motion therebetween. Hence, the sleeve or collar 30 and traverse nut 32 are rotatable as a unit on the body 18 but are held against relative axial movement by the walls 38 and 40 with the result that when the sleeve or collar 30 and traverse nut 32 assembly is turned the jaws 28 move in unison lengthwise of the inclined bore 26 to engage or dis-engage the drill bit or other attachment inserted there-between.
V8~6 A shell 42 is also rotatably carried surrounding the chuck body 18 and slidable on the sleeve or collar 30 being keyed thereto against relative rotation by mating flatted surfaces 35 and 37 on the interior of the shell 42 and 5 exterior of the sleeve or collar 30, respectively. Spring means, such as a split detent ring 44 is carried in a channel 46 on the interior of the shell 42 adjacent the rearward end, that is, the end opposite the collar or sleeve 30 and the chuck body 18 is provided with mating detent grooves 48 and 50 separated by a raised crest 52. Accord-ingly, a forward or normal operating position and a rearward position are defined for the shell 42 and in normal opera-tion of the drill the spring means or detent ring 44 is effective to retain the shell 42 in its forward position while permittiny an operator to manually move it to its rearward position.
The rearward end portion of the shell 42 is provided with latching means such as a plurality of rearwardly extend-ing teeth or lugs 54 for engaging mating means on the drill 10, such as a ring 56 mounted with the housing 14 annularly surrounding the spindle 12 and provided with such mating means such as teeth or lugs 58 which, when engaged with the teeth or lugs 54 when the shell 42 is manually moved to the rearward position prevent rotation of the shell 42 relative the drill 14. As heretofore pointed out, the mating flatted surfaces on the shell 42, sleeve or collar 30 and traverse nut 32 prevent relative rotation therehetween so that the traverse nut 32 is thereby held stationary relative the drill 10. If the drill 10 is then energized, the spindle 12 will tend to rotate relative the traverse nut 32 and if the jaws 28 are not restrained by either chucking engagement with a drill bit or other accessory or in full outward ex-pansion against an annular stop wall 60 on the chuck body 18, the jaws 28 will be thereby moved within the slideways 26. The drill 10 is preferably reversible. ~ence, when the ~ v~
drill is operated in a forward direction, the jaws 28 will be moved forwardly and inwardly on the slideways 26 for auto-matically chucking a drill or other accessory therebetween.
r7hen the drill 10 is operated in a reverse direction, rotat-ing the spindle 12 in a counterclockwise direction, the jaws28 will be slid rearwardly and outwardly in the slideways 26 for unchucking. The ring 56 may, as shown, be mounted with the drill 10 within an annular recess 62 of sufficient depth to shield the lugs or teeth 54 from accidental engaqement by the operator's hands. The ring 56 may be mounted within the recess 62 in any convenient manner such as by means of roll pins 63, or the like, or the ring may be provided with an irregular or knurled periphery, for example, and be pressed or cast in place. To retain the chuck body 18 on lS the spindle 12, a left-handed locking screw 64 may be pro-vided.
In use, if it is desired to chuck or unchuck a drill bit or other accessory, the operator need merely slide the shell 42 to its rearward position, positioning the detent ring 44 in the rearward groove 50, and then operate the drill 10 in the forward or reverse direction, as desired to chuck or unchuck, respectively, the drill bit or acces-sory. When the jaws are tight, the drill will stall and the shell 42 may then be slid forwardly, engaging the detent ring 44 in the forward groove 48 to enable normal operation of the drill. Movement of the shell 42 from the rearward or locked position to the forward, unlocked or operating position may be left to the manual selection of the opera-tor. Preferably, however, means are provided for automat-ically releasing the shell 42 from its locked position a-t a preselected torque level sufficient to securely chuck a drill bit or accessory yet below the stall torque of the drill motor as to both protect the motor from excessive operation in a stalled position and to make use o~ the tool by an operator more convenient.
1~7~866 Such automatic operation may be readily achieved by angulating the sides of the teeth or lugs 54 and/or the teeth or lugs 58. Both may be so angulated and/or the angulated surfaces which contact in the reverse or un-chucking direction may be slightly steeper than the angu-lated surfaces which contact in the forward or chucking direction so that sufficient torque should always be available to unchuck any drill bit or accessory that has been chucked. In use, the angulation is sufficient to drive the shell 42 forwardly when the preselected torque level has been reached an efficient to raise the detent ring 44 over the crest 52 so that it may snap into the groove 48 and pull the lugs or teeth 54 well clear of the lugs or teeth 58 and permit normal drilling operations, the detent ring being effective to function as a spring to hold the shell 42 in the forward or operative position and precluding inadvertant rearward movement thereof.
Referring now to FIGS. 3 and 4, there is shown and illustrated another embodiment or modification of a drill and keyless sliding jaw drill chuck in accordance with the present invention and wherein identical reference characters are utilized for parts that are the same as like parts in the previous embodiment or modification. Like reference characters are also used for similar parts, serving similar functions yet differing in specific detail, except that in such instance the like reference numbers are primed. Hence, the drill 10 is shown and illustrated with a modified key-less sliding ~aw chuck 16'. In the drill chuck 16', the primary substitutive difference is that the spring means for holding the shell 42' in its forward, operative position comprises a conically wound compression spring 44' position-ed behind the shell 42' so that the shell 42' is biased forwardly into the normal operating position thereof. In this embodiment or modification, the operator would depress i~7~ 6t;
the shell 42' against the compression spring 44' to engage the lugs and hold the spring 44' compressed for chucking and unchucking.
Referring now to FIGS. 5 and 6, there is shown and 5 illustrated yet another drill and keyless sliding jaw drill chuck constructed in accordance with the principles of the present invention wherein, as in the description of FIGS.
3 and 4, like reference characters are utilized for ident-ical parts as well as for similar parts but wherein for 10 parts that are similar yet not identical, the reference characters are double primed. In the chuck 16" of FIGS. 5 and 6, the keying means between the shell 42" and the sleeve or collar 30" comprises slots 42a formed on the interior of the shell 42" and mating longitudinally extending protuber-15 ances 30a extending radially outwardly of the sleeve orcollar 30". Further, the sleeve or collar 30" may be of pressed steel construction, with the protuberances 30a being formed or pressed in the wall thereof.
While the invention has been described, disclosed,
2~ illustrated and shown in terms of certain embodiments or modifications which it has assumed in practice, the scope of the invention should not be deemed to be limited by the precise embodiments or modifications herein described, dis-closed, illustrated or shown, such other embodiments or 25 modifications as may be suggested to those having the bene-fit of the teachings herein being intended -to be reserved especially as they fall within the scope and spirit of the claims hereto appended.
Claims (21)
1. Powered drill including a keyless slidable jaw chuck having a plurality of slidable jaws provided with ex-ternally extending teeth mounted within a chuck body having mating angularly spaced slideways for said jaws extending forwardly and inwardly in said chuck body and a traverse nut rotatable on said chuck body having internal threads engaged with said jaws together with a locking shell slid-able relative the traverse nut so as to rotate together therewith relative the chuck body, locking means on the rearward annular face of said shell and mating cooperat-ing locking means on the drill so that, when said shell is slid rearwardly towards said drill, said shell and traverse nut are held against rotation relative said drill and upon actuation of the drill to rotate said chuck body, said jaws will be automatically extended or retracted, depending upon the drill rotation direction, to chuck or unchuck a drill bit or other accessory inserted therebetween.
2. Powered drill defined in Claim 1 wherein said first mentioned locking mean comprises at least one and pre-ferably a plurality of lugs or teeth extending around an annular end thereof adjacent the drill housing and wherein said last mentioned locking means comprises at least one and preferably a plurality of mating lugs or teeth are pro-vided on said drill adjacent thereto.
3. Powered drill defined in Claim 2 wherein said lugs or teeth are angulated to provide a vector force during torquing which acts in a direction forwardly of the chuck tending to release said lugs or teeth of said sliding shell from their toothed engagement with the drill.
4. Powered drill defined in Claim 2 further comprising spring means for retaining said sliding shell in its forward, released or unlocked position to en-able normal operative rotation of said chuck while requir-ing positive operator applied rearward pressure thereon for engaging said locking means.
5. Powered drill defined in Claim 4 wherein said spring means comprises a spring detent for selectively hold-ing said shell in either a forward position wherein said teeth are disengaged for drilling, or the like, and in a rearward position wherein said teeth are engaged for chuck-ing and unchucking so that the inclination of said teeth pops said detent from said rear position to said forward position at a predetermined torque.
6. Powered drill defined in Claim 4 wherein said spring means comprises a conical compression spring behind said shell spring biasing said shell towards the forward configuration wherein said teeth are disengaged.
7. Powered drill defined in Claim 4 wherein there is provided a collar between said shell and said traverse nut fox retaining said traverse nut in circular configuration, said traverse nut being split for assembly therewith.
8. Powered drill defined in Claim 7 wherein said shell, said collar and said traverse nut are provided with mating flatted surfaces to prevent relative rotation there-between.
9. Powered drill defined in Claim 4 wherein said collar is of sheet steel formed with a plurality of longi-tudinal protuberances extending outwardly to mate with longitudinal grooves on the inside of said shell.
10. Keyless slidable jaw chuck comprising a plurality of slidable jaws provided with externally extending teeth mounted within a chuck body having mating angularly spaced slideways for said jaws extending forwardly and inwardly in said chuck body, a traverse nut rotatable on said chuck body having internal threads engaged with said jaws and a locking shell slidable relative the traverse nut so as to rotate together therewith relative the chuck body including locking means on the rearward annular face of said shell for mating cooperation with mating locking means on a drill so that, when said shell is slid rearwardly towards said drill, said shell and traverse nut are held against rota-tion relative such drill whereby upon actuation of the drill to rotate said chuck body, said jaws will be automat-ically extended or retracted, depending upon the drill rota-tion direction, to chuck or unchuck a drill bit or other accessory inserted therebetween.
11. Chuck defined in Claim 1 wherein said first men-tioned locking mean comprises at least one and preferably a plurality of lugs or teeth extending around an annular end thereof adjacent the drill.
12. Chuck defined in Claim 2 wherein said lugs or teeth are angulated to provide a vector force during torquing which acts in a direction forwardly of the chuck tending to release said lugs or teeth of said sliding shell from their toothed engagement with the drill.
13. Chuck defined in Claim 11 further comprising spring means for retaining said sliding shell in its forward, released or unlocked position to enable normal operative rotation of said chuck while requiring positive operator applied rearward pressure thereon for engaging said locking means.
14. Chuck defined in Claim 13 wherein said spring means comprises a spring detent for selectively holding said shell in either a forward position wherein said teeth are disengaged for drilling, or the like, and in a rearward position wherein said teeth are engaged for chucking and un-chucking so that the inclination of said teeth pops said detent from said rear position to said forward position at a predetermined torque.
15. Chuck defined in Claim 13 wherein said spring means comprises a conical compression spring behind said shell spring biasing said shell towards the forward con-figuration wherein said teeth are disengaged.
16. Chuck defined in Claim 13 wherein there is pro-vided a collar between said shell and said traverse nut for retaining said traverse nut in circular configuration, said traverse nut being split for assembly therewith.
17. Chuck defined in Claim 16 wherein said shell, said collar and said traverse nut are provided with mating flatted surfaces to prevent relative rotation therebetween.
18. Chuck defined in Claim 13 wherein said collar is of sheet steel formed with a plurality of longitudinal protuberances extending outwardly to mate with longitudinal grooves on the inside of said shell.
19. Method of chucking and unchucking a keyless slid-able jaw chuck having a plurality of slidable jaws provided with externally extending teeth mounted within a chuck body having mating angularly spaced slideways for said jaws ex-tending forwardly and inwardly in said chuck body and a traverse nut rotatable on said chuck body having internal threads engaged with said jaws comprising, at least the steps of providing a locking shell slidable relative the traverse nut so as to rotate together therewith relative the chuck body having locking means on the rearward annular face of said shell and mating cooperating locking means on the drill; sliding said shell rearwardly towards said drill so that said shell and traverse nut are held against rota-tion relative said drill and actuating the drill to rotate said chuck body to automatically extend or retract such jaws, depending upon the drill rotation direction, to chuck or unchuck a drill bit or other accessory inserted there-between, and sliding such shell forwardly to unlock it to enable normal forward or reverse rotation of such chuck.
20. Method defined in Claim 19 wherein said first mentioned locking means comprises at least one and prefer-ably a plurality of lugs or teeth extending around an annular end thereof adjacent the drill housing and wherein said last mentioned locking means comprises at least one and preferably a plurality of mating lugs or teeth are pro-vided on said drill adjacent thereto, said lugs or teeth being angulated and thereby providing the additional steps of generating vector force during torquing which acts in a direction forwardly of the chuck tending to release said lugs or teeth of said sliding shell from their toothed engagement with the drill.
21. Method defined in Claim 20 further comprising biasing said sliding shell in its forward, released or un-locked position to enable normal operative rotation of said chuck, and applying positive operator applied rearward pres-sure thereon for engaging said locking means.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000386912A CA1170866A (en) | 1981-09-29 | 1981-09-29 | Drill, drill chuck and methods of chucking and unchucking |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000386912A CA1170866A (en) | 1981-09-29 | 1981-09-29 | Drill, drill chuck and methods of chucking and unchucking |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1170866A true CA1170866A (en) | 1984-07-17 |
Family
ID=4121047
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000386912A Expired CA1170866A (en) | 1981-09-29 | 1981-09-29 | Drill, drill chuck and methods of chucking and unchucking |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1170866A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111528978A (en) * | 2020-05-27 | 2020-08-14 | 张春保 | Orthopedics cuts bone protector |
-
1981
- 1981-09-29 CA CA000386912A patent/CA1170866A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111528978A (en) * | 2020-05-27 | 2020-08-14 | 张春保 | Orthopedics cuts bone protector |
| CN111528978B (en) * | 2020-05-27 | 2022-06-21 | 张春保 | Orthopedics cuts bone protector |
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