CA1168402A - Glass size compositions - Google Patents
Glass size compositionsInfo
- Publication number
- CA1168402A CA1168402A CA000388587A CA388587A CA1168402A CA 1168402 A CA1168402 A CA 1168402A CA 000388587 A CA000388587 A CA 000388587A CA 388587 A CA388587 A CA 388587A CA 1168402 A CA1168402 A CA 1168402A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- size
- amount
- weight percent
- composition
- glass
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C25/00—Surface treatment of fibres or filaments made from glass, minerals or slags
- C03C25/10—Coating
- C03C25/24—Coatings containing organic materials
- C03C25/26—Macromolecular compounds or prepolymers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/16—Nitrogen-containing compounds
- C08K5/20—Carboxylic acid amides
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Paints Or Removers (AREA)
- Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
- Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
GLASS SIZE COMPOSITIONS
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A glass size composition imparting improved tensile strength to the glass and improved dispersion properties in aqueous solution is disclosed, the size composition comprising a hydroxyethyl cellulose, a fatty acid amide and a biocide.
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A glass size composition imparting improved tensile strength to the glass and improved dispersion properties in aqueous solution is disclosed, the size composition comprising a hydroxyethyl cellulose, a fatty acid amide and a biocide.
Description
6~s6~;~
_ D E S C R I P T I O N
GLASS SIZE COMPOSITIONS
TECHNICAL FIELD
This invention rela~es to a size composition and to glass strands having that size composi~ion deposited on their surface.
In one of its more specific aspects, this invention relates to a size for wet process strand.
Glass fibers are employed in a wide variety of uses9 some of which involve processes in ~hich chopped, sized glass fibers are dispersed in an aqueous solution as, for example, in the production oF glass mat.
One of the most important properties possessed by sized glass strands used in such wet processes is the ~dispersal property of the strands in the aqueous solution.
The dispersal property of such strands is dependent, to a large degree, upon the size on the exterior of the strand.
One of the sizes principally used for such purposes is a size comprised of polyvinyl alcohol, a ~; silane, and a fatty amine condensate, referred to in Examples II and III as the PVA size.
There has now been developed an improved size which is superior to the size having the above~composition.
This inventive size is superior in that it results in improved urea-forrnaldehyde bonded mat tens~le strength, has decreased foarning tendencies~ is easièr to prepare9 is less expensive, its dispersion quality is much less affected by drying and the sized strand, during drying, is less tacky.
The art is replete with sizes for glass strands, .
.
-~, 68~
but no art has been found to either anticipate or make obvious the size compo-sition of this invention.
The size of this invention comprises an aqueous composition contain-ing a quaternary fatty acid amide, hydroxyethyl cellulose and a biocide.
The size preferably contains a quaternary fatty acid amide in an amount within the range of from about 0.05 to about 0.5 weight percent. In the preferred embodiment, the amide will be contained in an amount of about 0.15 weight percent. Particularly suitable as the quaternary fatty acid amide is Cartaflex* PL as available from Sandoz Colors and Chemicals, Atlanta, Georgia. This material has an activity of 90%, a pH (4% Solution) of 5-6 and a specific gravity (25C) of 0.97, and a weight average molecular weight of about 1100. Another material which can be used as the fatty acid amide is Cartaflex AL, available from the same company.
The quaternary fatty acid amide is a particularly important aspect of this invention. It must possess the necessary cationic properties and limi-ted solubility to aid in the dispersion of the glass fibers and promote good bond formation between the U.E'. binder and the glass fiber surface.
The size will genexally contain hydroxyethyl cellulose in an amount up to about 1 weight percent, preferably in an amount of about 0.5 weight per-cent.
Particularly suitable as the hydroxyethyl cellulose is Cellosize*QP-40-H available from Union Carbide Chemicals and Plastics, South Charleston, West Virginia. This material has a viscosity (2% soln. Brookfield, LVT No. 1 spindle at 30`~PM) of 113 to 145 cps at 25C and a water insolubles of 0.4 weight percent and a pH (2% soln.~ of 6-7.
The water soluble polymer which can be included in the size improves the cleanliness in forming, gives better moisture control of the product as a means of obtaining improved packing densities and aids the dispersion quality in particular for high levels of the dispersant in the size.
* trademarks The size will generally contain a biocide in an amount up to about 0.4 weight percent, preferably in an amount of about 0.05 to about 0.2 weight percent.
One suitable biocide is 1,2-dibromo-2,4-dicyanobutane, known as Tektamer~C38, available from Merck Chemical, Rahway, New Jersey. If this material is used, it is preferably used in an amount of about 0.05 weight percent.
Another suitable biocide is Nuosept 95 as available from Tenneco, Piscataway, New Jersey. If this material is used, it is preferably used in an amount of about 0.20 weight percent.
The following Examples illustrate the invention.
EX~MPLE I
The composi~ion of this si~e formulation is as follows:
Weight % Gms./Liter (as received) Hydroxyethyl cellulose 0.50 4.94 ~atty Acid Amide ~e.g. Car~aflex PL or AL) 0.15 1.49 1,2-dibromo-2,4-dicyanobutane 0.05 0.48 Distilled Water 99.30 Bal.
A cellulose premix is prepared by adding 2,271 liters of water to the main mix tank and slowly dispersing the cellulose therein while the water is at 38C.
After the addition to the water, the composite is stirred for 30 minutes or until the mix becomes clear and free of particles.
A fatty acid amide solution is prepared by adding the fatty acid amide to 189.2 liters of water and stirring for 15 minutes. This mixture is then added to the cellulose solution as are 189.2 liters of water used to rinse out the tank in which the amide solution is prepared.
The 1,2,dibromo-2,4-dicyanobutane, or whatever ; - 3 -~, , .
1 biocide is selected for employment, is added direstly to the resultin~ mix~ure and the total solution is ~hen agitated for one hour, or until uniformity of solution is attained.
Thereafter, an amount of water sufficient to make 3,785 liters of size, or to give a desired solids content within the range of 0.60-0.7, is added to the solution, and the total composite is stirred for one-quarter hour after which it is suitable for use.
The size prepared as above is applied in the usual manner employing the usual size applicators, the size being employed in forming.
The strand coated with the size of this invention results in strand having 20 to 30 percent higher tensile strength than that realized with the previously described size containing fatty amide condensate, as shown by the following data for mats weighing two p~unds per hundred square feet and having a urea-formaldehyde binder on the mat.
EXAMPLE II
Size Average Tensile Strength Designation ~ ~ L.O.I~K~ .Cm.
PVA Size 1.6 Invention Size 2.1 25 Invention Sl ze 1~ 8 In a similar manner, wet process mats produced from glass employing the size of this invention show superior properties as shown by the following data:
EXAMPLE lll Mat Properties, Urea-Formaldehyde Binder Strand Basis Weight Tensile Dis~ersal Sol_ds (Gms./S~.Cm.) LOI(~) Kg./Sq.Cm.
~20X LOI Rating) PVA Size 0.22i~ 0.975 20.9 1.43 Good 0-95 20.4 1.53 Good 0.98 22.7 1.60 Good . :
1 Strand Basis Weight Tensile Diseersal Solids (Gms~ Cm.~ ~ Kg./Sq.Cm.
Invention 0.08% 1.01 19.1 1.68 Fair 0.87 19.7 2.67 Good 0.91 24.2 2.02 Good While it can be seen from the above data, that in one instance the dispersal rating of the inventive size was slightly less than that of the PYA size, in all instances, the tensile strengths of the mat were definitely superior, and superior in amounts from about 17 to about 86 percent.
It will seem from the foregoing that various modifications can be made to this invention. Such, however, are considered within the scope of the invention.
INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY
This invention is employable in glass fiber pro~uction.
; :
.
'i :
' ;
' .
_ D E S C R I P T I O N
GLASS SIZE COMPOSITIONS
TECHNICAL FIELD
This invention rela~es to a size composition and to glass strands having that size composi~ion deposited on their surface.
In one of its more specific aspects, this invention relates to a size for wet process strand.
Glass fibers are employed in a wide variety of uses9 some of which involve processes in ~hich chopped, sized glass fibers are dispersed in an aqueous solution as, for example, in the production oF glass mat.
One of the most important properties possessed by sized glass strands used in such wet processes is the ~dispersal property of the strands in the aqueous solution.
The dispersal property of such strands is dependent, to a large degree, upon the size on the exterior of the strand.
One of the sizes principally used for such purposes is a size comprised of polyvinyl alcohol, a ~; silane, and a fatty amine condensate, referred to in Examples II and III as the PVA size.
There has now been developed an improved size which is superior to the size having the above~composition.
This inventive size is superior in that it results in improved urea-forrnaldehyde bonded mat tens~le strength, has decreased foarning tendencies~ is easièr to prepare9 is less expensive, its dispersion quality is much less affected by drying and the sized strand, during drying, is less tacky.
The art is replete with sizes for glass strands, .
.
-~, 68~
but no art has been found to either anticipate or make obvious the size compo-sition of this invention.
The size of this invention comprises an aqueous composition contain-ing a quaternary fatty acid amide, hydroxyethyl cellulose and a biocide.
The size preferably contains a quaternary fatty acid amide in an amount within the range of from about 0.05 to about 0.5 weight percent. In the preferred embodiment, the amide will be contained in an amount of about 0.15 weight percent. Particularly suitable as the quaternary fatty acid amide is Cartaflex* PL as available from Sandoz Colors and Chemicals, Atlanta, Georgia. This material has an activity of 90%, a pH (4% Solution) of 5-6 and a specific gravity (25C) of 0.97, and a weight average molecular weight of about 1100. Another material which can be used as the fatty acid amide is Cartaflex AL, available from the same company.
The quaternary fatty acid amide is a particularly important aspect of this invention. It must possess the necessary cationic properties and limi-ted solubility to aid in the dispersion of the glass fibers and promote good bond formation between the U.E'. binder and the glass fiber surface.
The size will genexally contain hydroxyethyl cellulose in an amount up to about 1 weight percent, preferably in an amount of about 0.5 weight per-cent.
Particularly suitable as the hydroxyethyl cellulose is Cellosize*QP-40-H available from Union Carbide Chemicals and Plastics, South Charleston, West Virginia. This material has a viscosity (2% soln. Brookfield, LVT No. 1 spindle at 30`~PM) of 113 to 145 cps at 25C and a water insolubles of 0.4 weight percent and a pH (2% soln.~ of 6-7.
The water soluble polymer which can be included in the size improves the cleanliness in forming, gives better moisture control of the product as a means of obtaining improved packing densities and aids the dispersion quality in particular for high levels of the dispersant in the size.
* trademarks The size will generally contain a biocide in an amount up to about 0.4 weight percent, preferably in an amount of about 0.05 to about 0.2 weight percent.
One suitable biocide is 1,2-dibromo-2,4-dicyanobutane, known as Tektamer~C38, available from Merck Chemical, Rahway, New Jersey. If this material is used, it is preferably used in an amount of about 0.05 weight percent.
Another suitable biocide is Nuosept 95 as available from Tenneco, Piscataway, New Jersey. If this material is used, it is preferably used in an amount of about 0.20 weight percent.
The following Examples illustrate the invention.
EX~MPLE I
The composi~ion of this si~e formulation is as follows:
Weight % Gms./Liter (as received) Hydroxyethyl cellulose 0.50 4.94 ~atty Acid Amide ~e.g. Car~aflex PL or AL) 0.15 1.49 1,2-dibromo-2,4-dicyanobutane 0.05 0.48 Distilled Water 99.30 Bal.
A cellulose premix is prepared by adding 2,271 liters of water to the main mix tank and slowly dispersing the cellulose therein while the water is at 38C.
After the addition to the water, the composite is stirred for 30 minutes or until the mix becomes clear and free of particles.
A fatty acid amide solution is prepared by adding the fatty acid amide to 189.2 liters of water and stirring for 15 minutes. This mixture is then added to the cellulose solution as are 189.2 liters of water used to rinse out the tank in which the amide solution is prepared.
The 1,2,dibromo-2,4-dicyanobutane, or whatever ; - 3 -~, , .
1 biocide is selected for employment, is added direstly to the resultin~ mix~ure and the total solution is ~hen agitated for one hour, or until uniformity of solution is attained.
Thereafter, an amount of water sufficient to make 3,785 liters of size, or to give a desired solids content within the range of 0.60-0.7, is added to the solution, and the total composite is stirred for one-quarter hour after which it is suitable for use.
The size prepared as above is applied in the usual manner employing the usual size applicators, the size being employed in forming.
The strand coated with the size of this invention results in strand having 20 to 30 percent higher tensile strength than that realized with the previously described size containing fatty amide condensate, as shown by the following data for mats weighing two p~unds per hundred square feet and having a urea-formaldehyde binder on the mat.
EXAMPLE II
Size Average Tensile Strength Designation ~ ~ L.O.I~K~ .Cm.
PVA Size 1.6 Invention Size 2.1 25 Invention Sl ze 1~ 8 In a similar manner, wet process mats produced from glass employing the size of this invention show superior properties as shown by the following data:
EXAMPLE lll Mat Properties, Urea-Formaldehyde Binder Strand Basis Weight Tensile Dis~ersal Sol_ds (Gms./S~.Cm.) LOI(~) Kg./Sq.Cm.
~20X LOI Rating) PVA Size 0.22i~ 0.975 20.9 1.43 Good 0-95 20.4 1.53 Good 0.98 22.7 1.60 Good . :
1 Strand Basis Weight Tensile Diseersal Solids (Gms~ Cm.~ ~ Kg./Sq.Cm.
Invention 0.08% 1.01 19.1 1.68 Fair 0.87 19.7 2.67 Good 0.91 24.2 2.02 Good While it can be seen from the above data, that in one instance the dispersal rating of the inventive size was slightly less than that of the PYA size, in all instances, the tensile strengths of the mat were definitely superior, and superior in amounts from about 17 to about 86 percent.
It will seem from the foregoing that various modifications can be made to this invention. Such, however, are considered within the scope of the invention.
INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY
This invention is employable in glass fiber pro~uction.
; :
.
'i :
' ;
' .
Claims (8)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. An aqueous composition comprising hydroxyethyl cellulose, a quater-nary fatty acid amide and a biocide.
2. The composition of claim 1 in which said amide is present in an amount within the range of from about 0.05 to about 0.5 weight percent.
3. The composition of claim 1 in which said amide is present in an amount of about 0.15 weight percent.
4. The composition of claim 1 in which said cellulose is present in an amount of about 1 weight percent.
5. The composition of claim 1 in which said cellulose is present in an amount of about 0.5 weight percent.
6. The composition of claim 1 in which said biocide is present in an amount of about 0.4 weight percent.
7. The composition of claim 1 in which said biocide is present in an amount of from about 0.05 to about 0.2 weight percent.
8. The composition of claim 3 in which said cellulose is present in an amount up to about 1 weight percent and said biocide is present in an amount up to about 0.4 weight percent.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US20023980A | 1980-10-24 | 1980-10-24 | |
| US200,239 | 1980-10-24 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1168402A true CA1168402A (en) | 1984-06-05 |
Family
ID=22740884
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000388587A Expired CA1168402A (en) | 1980-10-24 | 1981-10-23 | Glass size compositions |
Country Status (13)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS57501586A (en) |
| BE (1) | BE890823A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1168402A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3152493A1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES506531A0 (en) |
| FI (1) | FI821897A0 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2492858A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2099443B (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1139992B (en) |
| NL (1) | NL8120372A (en) |
| NO (1) | NO821825L (en) |
| SE (1) | SE8203436L (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1982001557A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6294253B1 (en) * | 1999-08-11 | 2001-09-25 | Johns Manville International, Inc. | Uniformly dispersing fibers |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR1067350A (en) * | 1952-01-25 | 1954-06-15 | Mo Och Domsjoe Ab | Improvements in the manufacture of thin glass filaments |
| US4052257A (en) * | 1974-11-29 | 1977-10-04 | Owens-Corning Fiberglas Corporation | Method of producing glass mats |
| US4066106A (en) * | 1975-09-02 | 1978-01-03 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Sized woven glass fabric |
| US4178203A (en) * | 1978-01-24 | 1979-12-11 | Gaf Corporation | Method of increasing the strength of wet glass fiber mats made by the wet-laid process |
| US4264369A (en) * | 1979-10-12 | 1981-04-28 | Minuto Maurice A | Image transfer medium |
-
1981
- 1981-09-21 WO PCT/US1981/001285 patent/WO1982001557A1/en active Application Filing
- 1981-09-21 GB GB8214128A patent/GB2099443B/en not_active Expired
- 1981-09-21 JP JP56503233A patent/JPS57501586A/ja active Pending
- 1981-09-21 NL NL8120372A patent/NL8120372A/nl unknown
- 1981-09-21 DE DE813152493T patent/DE3152493A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1981-10-20 IT IT24596/81A patent/IT1139992B/en active
- 1981-10-21 FR FR8119782A patent/FR2492858A1/en active Granted
- 1981-10-22 BE BE0/206313A patent/BE890823A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1981-10-23 ES ES506531A patent/ES506531A0/en active Granted
- 1981-10-23 CA CA000388587A patent/CA1168402A/en not_active Expired
-
1982
- 1982-05-28 FI FI821897A patent/FI821897A0/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1982-06-01 NO NO821825A patent/NO821825L/en unknown
- 1982-06-03 SE SE8203436A patent/SE8203436L/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| IT8124596A0 (en) | 1981-10-20 |
| SE8203436L (en) | 1982-06-03 |
| ES8400465A1 (en) | 1983-10-16 |
| BE890823A (en) | 1982-02-15 |
| IT1139992B (en) | 1986-09-24 |
| NO821825L (en) | 1982-06-01 |
| FI821897A0 (en) | 1982-05-28 |
| GB2099443A (en) | 1982-12-08 |
| ES506531A0 (en) | 1983-10-16 |
| DE3152493A1 (en) | 1982-12-30 |
| FR2492858A1 (en) | 1982-04-30 |
| NL8120372A (en) | 1982-09-01 |
| FR2492858B3 (en) | 1983-07-29 |
| WO1982001557A1 (en) | 1982-05-13 |
| JPS57501586A (en) | 1982-09-02 |
| GB2099443B (en) | 1984-08-01 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |