CA1166374A - Propellant-active carrier system for water-based paints - Google Patents
Propellant-active carrier system for water-based paintsInfo
- Publication number
- CA1166374A CA1166374A CA000361946A CA361946A CA1166374A CA 1166374 A CA1166374 A CA 1166374A CA 000361946 A CA000361946 A CA 000361946A CA 361946 A CA361946 A CA 361946A CA 1166374 A CA1166374 A CA 1166374A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- composition
- water
- weight
- propellant
- film
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
- C09D5/02—Emulsion paints including aerosols
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
- C09D7/20—Diluents or solvents
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A single phase solvent-propellant composition using dimethyl ether, water, aliphatic alcohol and coalescing solvent is used to provide aerosol water-based paint compositions based on a variety of film-forming polymers.
A single phase solvent-propellant composition using dimethyl ether, water, aliphatic alcohol and coalescing solvent is used to provide aerosol water-based paint compositions based on a variety of film-forming polymers.
Description
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PROPEI,LANT-SOLVENT SYSTEM FOR WATER;BASED P~INTS
The present invention relates to aerosol paint compositions, and in particular to a novel propellant-solvent system therefor.
Aerosol paint compositions are well known but have used volatile organic solvents as the carrier for the film~
forming polymer. Toxicity and flammability problems arise from the use o~ such organic solvents and governmental regulatory authorities are moving towards severe restric-tions on the use of organic solvents in such compositions.
In our Canadian Patent No. 1~102,466, we have described a water-based aerosol paint formulation which satisfactorily produces a high gloss and excel~ent durability paint film on a substrate surface. The compositions 15 defined therein are restricted to a narrow range of film- -forming polymers.
It has now surprisingly been found that a novel single phase propel].ant-solvent composition can be utilized to form satisfactory spray-applied films based on a wide variety of water-dilutable film-foxming polymers, which may be in solution form or emulsified Eorm. The novel propel-lant composition of this invention consists essentially of:
(a) about 20 to about 75~ by weight of dimethyl ether, (b) about 10 to about 50% by weight of water, (c) about l to about 30~ by wei~ht of at least one aliphatic monohydric alcohol of the formula: R-OH wherein R is an unsu~stituted straight or ~ranched chain alkyl group containing from l to 6 carbon atoms, and (d) about l to about 15~ by weight of at least one coalescing solvent. The proportions of the components total 100~ and are sufficient to provide a single phase.
While the present invention is primarily directed to the provision of aerosol paint compositions, nevertheless the propellant-solvent composition may be used for the spray dispensing of a variety of other active components, such as, in hair sprays and deodorants.
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, The essentlal components of the propellant composition of this invention are dimethyl ether, water, an aliphatic monohydric alcohol and a coalescing solvent. Dimethyl ether is a colorless, odorless, stable molar liquid with a boiling point of -25C and a vapor pressure of 4.2 bar at 20C.
It has been previously suggested to use this liquid as a propellant. U.S. Patent No. 1,800,156 discloses the use of dimethyl ether alone as the propellant for a large variety of materials and paints are mentioned. U.S. Patent No.
3,207,386 discloses the utilization of a combination of dimethyl ether and water as a propellant for a wide variety of products including paints, the proportions being chosen to provide a homogeneous solution of the dimethyl ether and water as the propellant and this restriction results in a composition consisting of 5 to 35% by weight of dimethyl ether and 95 to 65% by weight of water. No other solvent or propellant components are used in this prior art compo-sition.
In the present invention, the dimethyl ether is used in a combination with water, alcohol and coalescing solvent to provide a single phase propellant-solvent composition for a water-dilutable film-forming polymer which is in aque-ous solution or aqueous emulsion orm, and hence the present invention involves quite a different application of the dimethyl ether in different proportions for a different p~se.
The dimethyl ether constitutes about 20 to about 75~
by weight of the propellant-solvent composition, preferably about 25 to about 40% by weight, typically about 40~ by weight.
Another essential component of the propellant compo-sition o~ the invention is water. This component is presentin a concentration of about 10 to about 5Q% by weight, preferably about 20 to about 35% by weight, typically about 30% by weight.
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A wa-ter-soluble lower aliphatic monohydric alcohol also is used in the composition. The monohydric alchols used in this invention are those having the formula: R-OH
wherein R is an unsubstituted strai~ht or branched chain alkyl group containing from l to 6 carbon atoms. Examples of suitable monohydric alcohols are methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, iso-propanol and n-butanol, prefera~ly ethanol or iso-propanol.
The concentration of the monohydric alcohol used in the compositions of this invention may vary widely from about l to about 30% by weight, preferably about 5 to about 20% by weight, typically about 15% by weight.
The fourth essential component of the composition is a water-soluble coalescing solvent. A coalescing solvent is one which assists in coalescence of the polymer into a uniform and continuous coating on the surface onto which a paint composition formulated using the composition of the invention is sprayed.
The coalescing solvent may be any water-soluble organic solvent which is also slow to evaporate. Such materials include glycols, glycol ethers, esters and certain modified alcohols and generally have a boiling point in the range of about 365 to about 572F. (about 185 to about 3Q0C). Suitable solvents include lower monoalkyl ethers of ethylene or propylene glycol, such as, propylene glycol methyl ether and propylene glycol methyl ethyl ether, diacetone alcohol and ester alcohols.
The coalescing solvent is present in an amount of from about l to about 15% by weight, preferably about 5 to about 10% by weight, typically about 6% by weight. The combination of the monohydric alco~ol and coalesciny solvent is present in an amount of about 2 to a~out 30% ~y weight and, in combination with the chosen proportions of dimethyl ether and water forms a single phase composition which is suitable for dissolvin~ or suspending the active components to ~e dispensed.
The propellant-solvent composition o~ the invention exerts a vapor pressure when packaged in a pressurized container sufficient to effect dispensing of the contents 3~
of the container~ Generally, the vapor pressure is in the range of about 30 to about 85 psig at 70F, and preferably about 40 to about 6Q psig.
The dimethyl ether constitutes the propellant compon-ent of the composition. The water provides the primarysolvent and/or suspension phase for the active components, which include a film-forming polymer in the case of an aerosol paint. The aliphatic alcohol and the coales-cing solvent mainly act as solvents for the propellant and the water, so that there results a substantially sin~le phase mixture of components, which resists separation into separate liquid phases on standing. A single phase propel-lant-s~lvent composition enables active components to be readily and efficiently dispensed from the aerosol container.
The propellant-solvent composition of this invention has particular utility in the provision of aerosol water-based paint compositions. Such compositions comprise the single phase propellant-solvent composition and a film-forminy polymer dissolved and/or suspended in the propellant-solvent composition. Pigments also may be included to impart pigmentation to the sprayed film.
Such water-based aeroso~ paints generally comprise about 6 to about 25% by weight, pr/3ferably about 12 to about 20% by weight, of the film-forming polymers and about 92 to 25 about 75% by weight, preferably about 88 to about 80% by weight, of propellant-solvent and, optional components, such as, pigments, surfactants, stabilizers, antifoam agents and plasticizers, as discussed in more detail belo~.
The propellant-solvent composition is quite versatile 30 and is effective to permit the spray application of a wide variety of film-forming polymers onto a substrate surface to form a continuous film of excellent durability, including high flexibility retention. Depending on the nature of the polymer and the other components of the formulation, the 35 films may be of high gloss, medium gloss, low gloss or flat.
Aerosol compositions formulated using the propellant-solvent system of the composition are non-flammable, as tested according to standard flammability tests for aero-sols. For example, the spray ~lows out a candle.
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The film-forming polymer may be any water-soluble or water-dilutable emulsified polymer which is capa~le of spray application to form a continuous film on a substrate surface.
~any classes of polymer may he employed, including acrylic resins, alkyds, epoxy esters and polyvinyl copolymers.
Acrylic resins are thermoplastic or thermosetting polymers or copolymers of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, esters of these acids, or acrylonitrile. Such resins may be modified by the presence of an aromatic monovinylidene compound, usually, styrene. Acrylic resins generally have molecular weights in the range of about 100,000 to about 1,000,000.
One example of an acrylic resin which is suitable for the formulation of a water~based aerosol paint composition in accordance with this invention is available from Rohm and Haas Inc~, under the designation "W.L. 91". Another example is the resin available from Reichold Chemicals under the designation "90-587 Resin".
Alkyd resins are made by combining dibasic acids or their anhydrides, usually phthalic anhydride, with a polyhydric alcohol, such as glycerol. Alkyd resins often are modified by natural drying oils, such as, linseed oil, soya oil and safflower oil, in concentrations of 30 to 60~ by weight.
Examples of alkyd resins which are suitable for the formulation of a water-based aerosol paint composition in accordance with this invention are available from Ashland Oil Inc., under the Trademark "AROLON" such as those designated "580" and "585".
Epoxy ester resins are resins containing a reactive epoxy group and derived from polyols and epoxy-group containing compounds. Other comonomers, such as, styrene may be copolymerized. These resins may be modified by natural drying oils in the same manner as alkyd resins.
An example of an epoxy resin which may be used is sold by ~eichold Chemicals under the designation "38-690".
Polyvinyl copolymers are formed by copolymerizing vinyl chloride or vinyl acetate with copolymerizable monomers. One example of s~ch a material suitable for the .
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formulation of a water-based aerosol paint composltion in accordance with this invention is available from B.F.
Goodrich Company under the designation "514H".
Mixtures of two or more resins or resin types may be used in the aerosol water-based paint formulations of this invention.
As mentioned above, an optional component which may be present in the paint composition is a pigment for pigmen-tation of the film formed on spraying the composition onto a substrate surface. When employed, up to about 15% by weight of the total composition of the pigment may be used, preferably about 5 to about 15% by weight of pigment.
When such pigment is present, the quantity of polymer used is generally towards the lower end of the range recited above. When such pigment is omitted and a clear film is required, then quantities of polymer towards the higher end of the range are used.
The presence of the pigment usually requires the presence of added surfactant to ensure suspension of the piyment in the liquid vehicle. Some surfactant may be present with the film-forming polymer, if the latter is in emulsion form, but the quantity involved usually is insufficient to effect suitable suspension of added pigment.
The overall quantity of surfactant present in the composition should be sufficient to maintain solids in suspension and usually varies up to about 3% by weight of the composition~
A pH stabilizer may also be present in the composition to provide an overall p~I value greater than about 7.2 and 3~ up to about 10 to assist in inhibition of corrosion of the conventional pressurized metal container in which the paint composition is located for spray application. Suitable pH
stabilizer materials include morpholine, ammonia and triethanolamine. This component may be present in an 3~ amount of up to about 2% by weight of the total composition.
An antifoam agent may be included to alter the surface tension of the composition to penmit ready release of dissolved gases upon spraying of the composition onto the substrate surface and to counteract the detergent 3t;~
effect of the surfactants present in the composition. A
non-ionic blend of mineral oils and silica derivatives has been found to be suitable for use for defoaming. When an antifoam agent is present, quantities up to about 2% by 5 weight of the total composition may be used, preferably about 0.4% by weight.
Another component which may be added to the aerosol paint composition i5 a plasticizer to promote flexibility.
Any one of a wide range of plasticizers may be used, for 10 example, dioctyl phthalate. The plasticiæer may be present in an amount of up to a~out 2% by weight of the total composition, preferably about 1% by weight.
The aerosol water-based paint compositions provided in accordance with this invention, therefore, are character-15 ized by a pH of about 7.2 to a~out 10, preferably about 7.4 to about 7.~, and consist essentially of:
about 6 to about 25 wt.% of at ]east one water-dilutable film-forming polymer(calculated as the non-volatile content thereof), about 20 to about 60 wt.% of dimethyl ether, about 10 to about 40 wt.% of water, about 1 to a~out 20 wt.% of at least one aliphatic monohydric alcohol containing from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, about 1 to about 10 wt.% of at least one coalescing solvent, 0 to about 3 wt.~ of at least one surfactant, O to a~out 15 wt.~ of at least one pigment, 0 to a~out 1 wt.% of at least one pH stabilizer, 0 to about 2 wt.% of at least one antifoam agent, and 0 to about 2 wt.% of at least one plasticizer.
The dimethyl ether, water, monohydric alcohol and coalescing solvent are present in the composition in pro-portions to provide a single phase solvent-propellant system in which the remainder of the components are dissolved or suspended.
The aerosol water-based paint composition, which is formulated as described above using the propellant-solvent system of the invention, may be sprayed onto a substrate surface without foaming occurring and the pigmented or unpi~mented continuous film touch dries rapidly, usually in about 15 to 30 minutes, and exhibits complete water resistance in an acceptable period of time, usually in about 3 to 5 hours.
The invention is illustrated by the f~ winy Examples:
Examples 1 to 13 A number of aerosol water-based paint formulations were prepared using various film-forming polymers and pigments and packaged in aerosol cans. The films were sprayed onto substrate surfaces. In each case, a continuous film was formed which was dry to the touch in 30 minutes, exhibited water resistance within 3 hours of application and 15 had a salt spray resistance (ASTM test B117) of more than 50 hours.
The following are the ~ormulations:
Example 1 - Red oxide primer - Mixed acrylic-epoxy resin Component wt.%
20 WL91 Resin (-) 3.6 38-690 Resin~2) 14.5 Water 13.25 Isopropyl alcohol 15.0 Butylcellosolve 4.0 25 Texanol * 0-7 Red Oxide pi~nent 5.0 Driers - Mn 6%, Co 6%0.25 L475 (3) 0.2 Triethanolamine 1.0 30 Dioctyl phthalate 0.5 OK412(4~ 2.0 Dimethyl ether 40._0 Total 100.0 Notes~ Acrylic resin made by Rohm and Haas;
35 (2) Epoxy resin made by Reichold Chemicals;
(3) Defoamer - Dow Chemical;
(4~ Silica flattening agent.
* - Trademark Example _ - Blue - Acrylic resin _mponent _wt.%
WL91 Resin 22.0 Water 10.0 Isopropyl alcohol 15.0 Butylcellosolve ~.5 Texanol 0.7 White pigment 2.3 Blue pigment 4.6 L475 0.2 5% NH40H 0.2 Dioctyl phthalate 0.2 Dimethyl ether 40.0 Total 100~0 Examples 3 to 7 Formulations similar to Example 2 were prepared using WL91 as the resin with differing pigments, as follows:
Example 3 - White Example 4 - Red Example 5 - Green Example 6 - Black Example 7 - Orange Example 8 - Flat black - Acrylic resin Component wt.%
WL91 Resin 21.8 Water 9.5 Isopropyl alcohol 15.0 Butylcellosolve 4.5 Texanol 0.7 Black pigment 5.0 L475 0.4 5% NH40H 0.5 Dioctyl phthalate - 0.5 OK412 2.0 Triton X-45( ) 0.1 Dimethyl ether 40.0 Total100.0 Note: (1) Rohm ~ Haas non-ionic surfactant 3'~
Example 9 - Fire orange fluorescent - Acrylic resin ComPonent wt.%
90-587 Resin~ ~ 15.0 Water 12.7 Isopropyl alcohol 15.0 Butylcellosolve 4.0 Fire orange pigment 11.7 L475 0.2 NH40H (conc.) ~.3 Triton X 405( ~ 0.1 Dimethyl ether 40.0 Total 100.0 Notes: (1) Reichold Chemicals acrylic resin;
(2~ Rohm & Haas nonionic surfactant.
Example 10 - Red oxide primer - Alkyd-Acrylic resin mixture Component wt. %
WL91 Resin 18.00 Arolon 585(-) 5-75 Water 15.03 Isopropyl alcohol 15.00 Butylcellosolve 4.50 Texanol 0.70 Red oxide pigment 8.00 L475 0.40 5% ~H40~I 0.02 Dioctyl phthalate 0.50 OK412 2~00 Triton X100 0.10 Dimethyl ether 30,00 Total 100.00 Note: (1) Ashland Oil alkyd resin 3'7~
Example 11 - Blue - Alkyd resin Component _ wt. %
Arolon 580 (1) 27.0 Arolon 585 ( ) 10.2 Water 8.8 Isopropyl alcohol 7.7 Butylcellosolve 2.3 slue pigment 2.1 l~hite pigment 1.1 Drier 0,3 L475 0.2 5% NH40H 0.1 Triton X100- 0.3 Dimethyl ether 4~.0 TotallQO.O
Note~ and (2) Alkyd resins made by AshIand Oil Example 12 - Red Oxide primer - Epoxy resin In the formulation of Example 1, the WL91 resin was replaced wholly by an increased amount of 38-690 resin to provide 18-1 wt.~ of such resin in the resulting formulation.
Example 13 - clear ~ PVC resin Component wt. %
415H Resin( ) 25.0 Water 24.7 Isopropyl alcohol 15.0 Butylcellosolve 5.0 L475 0.2 5% Ammonia 0.1 Dimethyl ether 30.0 Total 100.0 Note: (1) Carboxy modified polyvinyl chloriae terpolymer made by B.F. Goodrich.
SUMMARY OF DISCLOSURE
In summary of this disclosure, the present invantion, therefore, provides a novel propellant~solvent composition useful for the spray application of water-based paints to substrate surfaces. Modifications are possible within the scope of this invention.
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SUPPLEMENTARY DISCLOSIJR~
In the principal disclosure, there is described a single phase propellant-solvent (or active carrier) composition consisting essentially of:
(a) about 20 to about 75% by weight of dimethyl ether;
(b) about 10 to about 50% by weight of water;
(c) about l to about 30~ by weight of at least one aliphatic monohydric alcohol of the formula: R-OH wherein R
is an unsuhstituted straight ox branched chain alkyl group 10 containing from 1 to 6 carbon atoms;
(d) about l to about 15% by weight of at least one water-soluble coalescing solvent, the composition exerting a vapor pressure within the pressurized container in the range of about 30 to about 85 psig at 70F.
It has now been found, in accordance with this Supplementary Disclosure that, although it is pre~erred for the alcohol and coalescing solvent to be present in the recited pr~portions and to use dimethyl ether as the sol~
propellant, there may be provided a single phase propellant-20 active carrier composition consisting essentially of:
(a) about 20 to about 75~ by weight of a propellant com-~ising dimethyl ether and from 0 to about 50% by weight o~
the dimethyl ether of another liquid propellant;
(b) about 10 to about 50~ by weight of water; and (c) about 0.1 to about 45~ by weight of at least one water soluble polar organic solvent. The proportions of the components total 100% and are sufficient to provide a single phase. The composition, together with auxiliary gaseous pro-pellants, if present, exerts a vapor pressure in a pressurized 30 aerosol container in the range of about 30 to about 85 psig at 70F, preferably about 40 to about 60 psig.
Suitable liquid propellants which may be used along with the dimethyl ether are aliphatic hydrocarbons and fluorinated hydxocarbons. Suitable auxiliary gaseous phase 35 propellants which may be used along with the dimethyl ether, with or without the other liquid propellants, are nitrogen, carbon dioxide and nitrous oxide.
Among the polar organic solvents which may be used A are alcohols, glycol ethers, esters, ketones and certain modified alcohols, examples of which are specifled in the principal disclosure.
The propellant-active carrier composition may be used ~o provide water-based paint compositions. Such com-5 positions are preferably substantially non-flammable, as tested according to standard flammability tests for aerosols~
Suitable water-dilutable film-forming polymers which may be formulated with the propellant-active carrier composition are described in detail in the principal disclosure.
In accordance with this supplementary disclosure, the aerosol water-based paint compositions are characterized by a pH of about 7.2 to about 10, preferably about 7.4 to about 7.9, and consist essentially of:
about 6 to about 25 wt.% of at least one water-15 dilutable film-forming polymer (calculated as the non-volatile content thereof), about 20 to about 60 wt.% of a propellant comprising dimethyl ether and 0 to about 50~ by weight of the dimethyl ether of another liquid propellant, about 10 to about 40 wt.% of water, about 0.1 to about 30 wt.~ of at least one watex-soluble polar organic solvent, 0 to about 3 wt~ of at least one surfactant, 0 to about 15 wt.~ of at least one pigment, 0 to about 1 wt.~ of at least one pH stabilizer, 0 to about 2 wt.% of at least one antifoam agent, and 0 to about 2 wt.% of at least one plasticizer.
The propellant, water and polar solvent are present in the 30 composition in proportions to provide a single phase propellant-active carrier system in the remainder of the components are dissol~ed or suspended. Suitable surfactants, pigments, pH stabilizers, antifoam agents and plasticizers are described in detail in the principal disclosure.
The invention is illustrated further by the following addïtional Example:
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Exam~le 14 __ wt.,~, Sty:renated epoxy ester (1) 13 . O
Water 31. 0 S White t~rlter ( ~ ) 13 . 5 Driers ~Cu naphthenate 69~, ~ naphthenate 6~ ) 0 . 2 Acti~7e 8 0.1 Co~cant~ated ammonia 1. 0 Byk 020 (defoamer) 0. 2 By}c 351 (flow age~t)1. 0 Dimethyl ether 40 0 otal 100. 00 ~otes: (1) 453~t8 by C~P.V. - comprises 70% solids and 3096 Butylc~llosc~Lve ( 2 ) T~rltar comprise : Styrerlated er~ y ester 23 ~ 5 Cor~c~ntrated ammonia 1. 5 Wate2 15 . O
TiO 60 . 0 ~.~
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PROPEI,LANT-SOLVENT SYSTEM FOR WATER;BASED P~INTS
The present invention relates to aerosol paint compositions, and in particular to a novel propellant-solvent system therefor.
Aerosol paint compositions are well known but have used volatile organic solvents as the carrier for the film~
forming polymer. Toxicity and flammability problems arise from the use o~ such organic solvents and governmental regulatory authorities are moving towards severe restric-tions on the use of organic solvents in such compositions.
In our Canadian Patent No. 1~102,466, we have described a water-based aerosol paint formulation which satisfactorily produces a high gloss and excel~ent durability paint film on a substrate surface. The compositions 15 defined therein are restricted to a narrow range of film- -forming polymers.
It has now surprisingly been found that a novel single phase propel].ant-solvent composition can be utilized to form satisfactory spray-applied films based on a wide variety of water-dilutable film-foxming polymers, which may be in solution form or emulsified Eorm. The novel propel-lant composition of this invention consists essentially of:
(a) about 20 to about 75~ by weight of dimethyl ether, (b) about 10 to about 50% by weight of water, (c) about l to about 30~ by wei~ht of at least one aliphatic monohydric alcohol of the formula: R-OH wherein R is an unsu~stituted straight or ~ranched chain alkyl group containing from l to 6 carbon atoms, and (d) about l to about 15~ by weight of at least one coalescing solvent. The proportions of the components total 100~ and are sufficient to provide a single phase.
While the present invention is primarily directed to the provision of aerosol paint compositions, nevertheless the propellant-solvent composition may be used for the spray dispensing of a variety of other active components, such as, in hair sprays and deodorants.
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, The essentlal components of the propellant composition of this invention are dimethyl ether, water, an aliphatic monohydric alcohol and a coalescing solvent. Dimethyl ether is a colorless, odorless, stable molar liquid with a boiling point of -25C and a vapor pressure of 4.2 bar at 20C.
It has been previously suggested to use this liquid as a propellant. U.S. Patent No. 1,800,156 discloses the use of dimethyl ether alone as the propellant for a large variety of materials and paints are mentioned. U.S. Patent No.
3,207,386 discloses the utilization of a combination of dimethyl ether and water as a propellant for a wide variety of products including paints, the proportions being chosen to provide a homogeneous solution of the dimethyl ether and water as the propellant and this restriction results in a composition consisting of 5 to 35% by weight of dimethyl ether and 95 to 65% by weight of water. No other solvent or propellant components are used in this prior art compo-sition.
In the present invention, the dimethyl ether is used in a combination with water, alcohol and coalescing solvent to provide a single phase propellant-solvent composition for a water-dilutable film-forming polymer which is in aque-ous solution or aqueous emulsion orm, and hence the present invention involves quite a different application of the dimethyl ether in different proportions for a different p~se.
The dimethyl ether constitutes about 20 to about 75~
by weight of the propellant-solvent composition, preferably about 25 to about 40% by weight, typically about 40~ by weight.
Another essential component of the propellant compo-sition o~ the invention is water. This component is presentin a concentration of about 10 to about 5Q% by weight, preferably about 20 to about 35% by weight, typically about 30% by weight.
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A wa-ter-soluble lower aliphatic monohydric alcohol also is used in the composition. The monohydric alchols used in this invention are those having the formula: R-OH
wherein R is an unsubstituted strai~ht or branched chain alkyl group containing from l to 6 carbon atoms. Examples of suitable monohydric alcohols are methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, iso-propanol and n-butanol, prefera~ly ethanol or iso-propanol.
The concentration of the monohydric alcohol used in the compositions of this invention may vary widely from about l to about 30% by weight, preferably about 5 to about 20% by weight, typically about 15% by weight.
The fourth essential component of the composition is a water-soluble coalescing solvent. A coalescing solvent is one which assists in coalescence of the polymer into a uniform and continuous coating on the surface onto which a paint composition formulated using the composition of the invention is sprayed.
The coalescing solvent may be any water-soluble organic solvent which is also slow to evaporate. Such materials include glycols, glycol ethers, esters and certain modified alcohols and generally have a boiling point in the range of about 365 to about 572F. (about 185 to about 3Q0C). Suitable solvents include lower monoalkyl ethers of ethylene or propylene glycol, such as, propylene glycol methyl ether and propylene glycol methyl ethyl ether, diacetone alcohol and ester alcohols.
The coalescing solvent is present in an amount of from about l to about 15% by weight, preferably about 5 to about 10% by weight, typically about 6% by weight. The combination of the monohydric alco~ol and coalesciny solvent is present in an amount of about 2 to a~out 30% ~y weight and, in combination with the chosen proportions of dimethyl ether and water forms a single phase composition which is suitable for dissolvin~ or suspending the active components to ~e dispensed.
The propellant-solvent composition o~ the invention exerts a vapor pressure when packaged in a pressurized container sufficient to effect dispensing of the contents 3~
of the container~ Generally, the vapor pressure is in the range of about 30 to about 85 psig at 70F, and preferably about 40 to about 6Q psig.
The dimethyl ether constitutes the propellant compon-ent of the composition. The water provides the primarysolvent and/or suspension phase for the active components, which include a film-forming polymer in the case of an aerosol paint. The aliphatic alcohol and the coales-cing solvent mainly act as solvents for the propellant and the water, so that there results a substantially sin~le phase mixture of components, which resists separation into separate liquid phases on standing. A single phase propel-lant-s~lvent composition enables active components to be readily and efficiently dispensed from the aerosol container.
The propellant-solvent composition of this invention has particular utility in the provision of aerosol water-based paint compositions. Such compositions comprise the single phase propellant-solvent composition and a film-forminy polymer dissolved and/or suspended in the propellant-solvent composition. Pigments also may be included to impart pigmentation to the sprayed film.
Such water-based aeroso~ paints generally comprise about 6 to about 25% by weight, pr/3ferably about 12 to about 20% by weight, of the film-forming polymers and about 92 to 25 about 75% by weight, preferably about 88 to about 80% by weight, of propellant-solvent and, optional components, such as, pigments, surfactants, stabilizers, antifoam agents and plasticizers, as discussed in more detail belo~.
The propellant-solvent composition is quite versatile 30 and is effective to permit the spray application of a wide variety of film-forming polymers onto a substrate surface to form a continuous film of excellent durability, including high flexibility retention. Depending on the nature of the polymer and the other components of the formulation, the 35 films may be of high gloss, medium gloss, low gloss or flat.
Aerosol compositions formulated using the propellant-solvent system of the composition are non-flammable, as tested according to standard flammability tests for aero-sols. For example, the spray ~lows out a candle.
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The film-forming polymer may be any water-soluble or water-dilutable emulsified polymer which is capa~le of spray application to form a continuous film on a substrate surface.
~any classes of polymer may he employed, including acrylic resins, alkyds, epoxy esters and polyvinyl copolymers.
Acrylic resins are thermoplastic or thermosetting polymers or copolymers of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, esters of these acids, or acrylonitrile. Such resins may be modified by the presence of an aromatic monovinylidene compound, usually, styrene. Acrylic resins generally have molecular weights in the range of about 100,000 to about 1,000,000.
One example of an acrylic resin which is suitable for the formulation of a water~based aerosol paint composition in accordance with this invention is available from Rohm and Haas Inc~, under the designation "W.L. 91". Another example is the resin available from Reichold Chemicals under the designation "90-587 Resin".
Alkyd resins are made by combining dibasic acids or their anhydrides, usually phthalic anhydride, with a polyhydric alcohol, such as glycerol. Alkyd resins often are modified by natural drying oils, such as, linseed oil, soya oil and safflower oil, in concentrations of 30 to 60~ by weight.
Examples of alkyd resins which are suitable for the formulation of a water-based aerosol paint composition in accordance with this invention are available from Ashland Oil Inc., under the Trademark "AROLON" such as those designated "580" and "585".
Epoxy ester resins are resins containing a reactive epoxy group and derived from polyols and epoxy-group containing compounds. Other comonomers, such as, styrene may be copolymerized. These resins may be modified by natural drying oils in the same manner as alkyd resins.
An example of an epoxy resin which may be used is sold by ~eichold Chemicals under the designation "38-690".
Polyvinyl copolymers are formed by copolymerizing vinyl chloride or vinyl acetate with copolymerizable monomers. One example of s~ch a material suitable for the .
3'~
formulation of a water-based aerosol paint composltion in accordance with this invention is available from B.F.
Goodrich Company under the designation "514H".
Mixtures of two or more resins or resin types may be used in the aerosol water-based paint formulations of this invention.
As mentioned above, an optional component which may be present in the paint composition is a pigment for pigmen-tation of the film formed on spraying the composition onto a substrate surface. When employed, up to about 15% by weight of the total composition of the pigment may be used, preferably about 5 to about 15% by weight of pigment.
When such pigment is present, the quantity of polymer used is generally towards the lower end of the range recited above. When such pigment is omitted and a clear film is required, then quantities of polymer towards the higher end of the range are used.
The presence of the pigment usually requires the presence of added surfactant to ensure suspension of the piyment in the liquid vehicle. Some surfactant may be present with the film-forming polymer, if the latter is in emulsion form, but the quantity involved usually is insufficient to effect suitable suspension of added pigment.
The overall quantity of surfactant present in the composition should be sufficient to maintain solids in suspension and usually varies up to about 3% by weight of the composition~
A pH stabilizer may also be present in the composition to provide an overall p~I value greater than about 7.2 and 3~ up to about 10 to assist in inhibition of corrosion of the conventional pressurized metal container in which the paint composition is located for spray application. Suitable pH
stabilizer materials include morpholine, ammonia and triethanolamine. This component may be present in an 3~ amount of up to about 2% by weight of the total composition.
An antifoam agent may be included to alter the surface tension of the composition to penmit ready release of dissolved gases upon spraying of the composition onto the substrate surface and to counteract the detergent 3t;~
effect of the surfactants present in the composition. A
non-ionic blend of mineral oils and silica derivatives has been found to be suitable for use for defoaming. When an antifoam agent is present, quantities up to about 2% by 5 weight of the total composition may be used, preferably about 0.4% by weight.
Another component which may be added to the aerosol paint composition i5 a plasticizer to promote flexibility.
Any one of a wide range of plasticizers may be used, for 10 example, dioctyl phthalate. The plasticiæer may be present in an amount of up to a~out 2% by weight of the total composition, preferably about 1% by weight.
The aerosol water-based paint compositions provided in accordance with this invention, therefore, are character-15 ized by a pH of about 7.2 to a~out 10, preferably about 7.4 to about 7.~, and consist essentially of:
about 6 to about 25 wt.% of at ]east one water-dilutable film-forming polymer(calculated as the non-volatile content thereof), about 20 to about 60 wt.% of dimethyl ether, about 10 to about 40 wt.% of water, about 1 to a~out 20 wt.% of at least one aliphatic monohydric alcohol containing from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, about 1 to about 10 wt.% of at least one coalescing solvent, 0 to about 3 wt.~ of at least one surfactant, O to a~out 15 wt.~ of at least one pigment, 0 to a~out 1 wt.% of at least one pH stabilizer, 0 to about 2 wt.% of at least one antifoam agent, and 0 to about 2 wt.% of at least one plasticizer.
The dimethyl ether, water, monohydric alcohol and coalescing solvent are present in the composition in pro-portions to provide a single phase solvent-propellant system in which the remainder of the components are dissolved or suspended.
The aerosol water-based paint composition, which is formulated as described above using the propellant-solvent system of the invention, may be sprayed onto a substrate surface without foaming occurring and the pigmented or unpi~mented continuous film touch dries rapidly, usually in about 15 to 30 minutes, and exhibits complete water resistance in an acceptable period of time, usually in about 3 to 5 hours.
The invention is illustrated by the f~ winy Examples:
Examples 1 to 13 A number of aerosol water-based paint formulations were prepared using various film-forming polymers and pigments and packaged in aerosol cans. The films were sprayed onto substrate surfaces. In each case, a continuous film was formed which was dry to the touch in 30 minutes, exhibited water resistance within 3 hours of application and 15 had a salt spray resistance (ASTM test B117) of more than 50 hours.
The following are the ~ormulations:
Example 1 - Red oxide primer - Mixed acrylic-epoxy resin Component wt.%
20 WL91 Resin (-) 3.6 38-690 Resin~2) 14.5 Water 13.25 Isopropyl alcohol 15.0 Butylcellosolve 4.0 25 Texanol * 0-7 Red Oxide pi~nent 5.0 Driers - Mn 6%, Co 6%0.25 L475 (3) 0.2 Triethanolamine 1.0 30 Dioctyl phthalate 0.5 OK412(4~ 2.0 Dimethyl ether 40._0 Total 100.0 Notes~ Acrylic resin made by Rohm and Haas;
35 (2) Epoxy resin made by Reichold Chemicals;
(3) Defoamer - Dow Chemical;
(4~ Silica flattening agent.
* - Trademark Example _ - Blue - Acrylic resin _mponent _wt.%
WL91 Resin 22.0 Water 10.0 Isopropyl alcohol 15.0 Butylcellosolve ~.5 Texanol 0.7 White pigment 2.3 Blue pigment 4.6 L475 0.2 5% NH40H 0.2 Dioctyl phthalate 0.2 Dimethyl ether 40.0 Total 100~0 Examples 3 to 7 Formulations similar to Example 2 were prepared using WL91 as the resin with differing pigments, as follows:
Example 3 - White Example 4 - Red Example 5 - Green Example 6 - Black Example 7 - Orange Example 8 - Flat black - Acrylic resin Component wt.%
WL91 Resin 21.8 Water 9.5 Isopropyl alcohol 15.0 Butylcellosolve 4.5 Texanol 0.7 Black pigment 5.0 L475 0.4 5% NH40H 0.5 Dioctyl phthalate - 0.5 OK412 2.0 Triton X-45( ) 0.1 Dimethyl ether 40.0 Total100.0 Note: (1) Rohm ~ Haas non-ionic surfactant 3'~
Example 9 - Fire orange fluorescent - Acrylic resin ComPonent wt.%
90-587 Resin~ ~ 15.0 Water 12.7 Isopropyl alcohol 15.0 Butylcellosolve 4.0 Fire orange pigment 11.7 L475 0.2 NH40H (conc.) ~.3 Triton X 405( ~ 0.1 Dimethyl ether 40.0 Total 100.0 Notes: (1) Reichold Chemicals acrylic resin;
(2~ Rohm & Haas nonionic surfactant.
Example 10 - Red oxide primer - Alkyd-Acrylic resin mixture Component wt. %
WL91 Resin 18.00 Arolon 585(-) 5-75 Water 15.03 Isopropyl alcohol 15.00 Butylcellosolve 4.50 Texanol 0.70 Red oxide pigment 8.00 L475 0.40 5% ~H40~I 0.02 Dioctyl phthalate 0.50 OK412 2~00 Triton X100 0.10 Dimethyl ether 30,00 Total 100.00 Note: (1) Ashland Oil alkyd resin 3'7~
Example 11 - Blue - Alkyd resin Component _ wt. %
Arolon 580 (1) 27.0 Arolon 585 ( ) 10.2 Water 8.8 Isopropyl alcohol 7.7 Butylcellosolve 2.3 slue pigment 2.1 l~hite pigment 1.1 Drier 0,3 L475 0.2 5% NH40H 0.1 Triton X100- 0.3 Dimethyl ether 4~.0 TotallQO.O
Note~ and (2) Alkyd resins made by AshIand Oil Example 12 - Red Oxide primer - Epoxy resin In the formulation of Example 1, the WL91 resin was replaced wholly by an increased amount of 38-690 resin to provide 18-1 wt.~ of such resin in the resulting formulation.
Example 13 - clear ~ PVC resin Component wt. %
415H Resin( ) 25.0 Water 24.7 Isopropyl alcohol 15.0 Butylcellosolve 5.0 L475 0.2 5% Ammonia 0.1 Dimethyl ether 30.0 Total 100.0 Note: (1) Carboxy modified polyvinyl chloriae terpolymer made by B.F. Goodrich.
SUMMARY OF DISCLOSURE
In summary of this disclosure, the present invantion, therefore, provides a novel propellant~solvent composition useful for the spray application of water-based paints to substrate surfaces. Modifications are possible within the scope of this invention.
. ~
tj3'7~L
SUPPLEMENTARY DISCLOSIJR~
In the principal disclosure, there is described a single phase propellant-solvent (or active carrier) composition consisting essentially of:
(a) about 20 to about 75% by weight of dimethyl ether;
(b) about 10 to about 50% by weight of water;
(c) about l to about 30~ by weight of at least one aliphatic monohydric alcohol of the formula: R-OH wherein R
is an unsuhstituted straight ox branched chain alkyl group 10 containing from 1 to 6 carbon atoms;
(d) about l to about 15% by weight of at least one water-soluble coalescing solvent, the composition exerting a vapor pressure within the pressurized container in the range of about 30 to about 85 psig at 70F.
It has now been found, in accordance with this Supplementary Disclosure that, although it is pre~erred for the alcohol and coalescing solvent to be present in the recited pr~portions and to use dimethyl ether as the sol~
propellant, there may be provided a single phase propellant-20 active carrier composition consisting essentially of:
(a) about 20 to about 75~ by weight of a propellant com-~ising dimethyl ether and from 0 to about 50% by weight o~
the dimethyl ether of another liquid propellant;
(b) about 10 to about 50~ by weight of water; and (c) about 0.1 to about 45~ by weight of at least one water soluble polar organic solvent. The proportions of the components total 100% and are sufficient to provide a single phase. The composition, together with auxiliary gaseous pro-pellants, if present, exerts a vapor pressure in a pressurized 30 aerosol container in the range of about 30 to about 85 psig at 70F, preferably about 40 to about 60 psig.
Suitable liquid propellants which may be used along with the dimethyl ether are aliphatic hydrocarbons and fluorinated hydxocarbons. Suitable auxiliary gaseous phase 35 propellants which may be used along with the dimethyl ether, with or without the other liquid propellants, are nitrogen, carbon dioxide and nitrous oxide.
Among the polar organic solvents which may be used A are alcohols, glycol ethers, esters, ketones and certain modified alcohols, examples of which are specifled in the principal disclosure.
The propellant-active carrier composition may be used ~o provide water-based paint compositions. Such com-5 positions are preferably substantially non-flammable, as tested according to standard flammability tests for aerosols~
Suitable water-dilutable film-forming polymers which may be formulated with the propellant-active carrier composition are described in detail in the principal disclosure.
In accordance with this supplementary disclosure, the aerosol water-based paint compositions are characterized by a pH of about 7.2 to about 10, preferably about 7.4 to about 7.9, and consist essentially of:
about 6 to about 25 wt.% of at least one water-15 dilutable film-forming polymer (calculated as the non-volatile content thereof), about 20 to about 60 wt.% of a propellant comprising dimethyl ether and 0 to about 50~ by weight of the dimethyl ether of another liquid propellant, about 10 to about 40 wt.% of water, about 0.1 to about 30 wt.~ of at least one watex-soluble polar organic solvent, 0 to about 3 wt~ of at least one surfactant, 0 to about 15 wt.~ of at least one pigment, 0 to about 1 wt.~ of at least one pH stabilizer, 0 to about 2 wt.% of at least one antifoam agent, and 0 to about 2 wt.% of at least one plasticizer.
The propellant, water and polar solvent are present in the 30 composition in proportions to provide a single phase propellant-active carrier system in the remainder of the components are dissol~ed or suspended. Suitable surfactants, pigments, pH stabilizers, antifoam agents and plasticizers are described in detail in the principal disclosure.
The invention is illustrated further by the following addïtional Example:
~'`` .
~ .
i3 ~ ~
Exam~le 14 __ wt.,~, Sty:renated epoxy ester (1) 13 . O
Water 31. 0 S White t~rlter ( ~ ) 13 . 5 Driers ~Cu naphthenate 69~, ~ naphthenate 6~ ) 0 . 2 Acti~7e 8 0.1 Co~cant~ated ammonia 1. 0 Byk 020 (defoamer) 0. 2 By}c 351 (flow age~t)1. 0 Dimethyl ether 40 0 otal 100. 00 ~otes: (1) 453~t8 by C~P.V. - comprises 70% solids and 3096 Butylc~llosc~Lve ( 2 ) T~rltar comprise : Styrerlated er~ y ester 23 ~ 5 Cor~c~ntrated ammonia 1. 5 Wate2 15 . O
TiO 60 . 0 ~.~
.
Claims (32)
1. A single phase liquid propellant-solvent composition suitable for use in the spray application of an active in-gredient from a pressurized container onto a substrate surface, consisting essentially of:
(a) about 20 to about 75% by weight of dimethyl ether;
(b) about 10 to about 50% by weight of water;
(c) about 1 to about 30% by weight of at least one aliphatic monohydric alcohol of the formula: R-OH wherein R is an unsubstituted straight or branched chain alkyl group containing from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and (d) about 1 to about 15% by weight of at least one coalescing solvent, said composition exerting a vapor pressure within said pressurized container in the range of about 30 to about 85 psig at 70°F.
(a) about 20 to about 75% by weight of dimethyl ether;
(b) about 10 to about 50% by weight of water;
(c) about 1 to about 30% by weight of at least one aliphatic monohydric alcohol of the formula: R-OH wherein R is an unsubstituted straight or branched chain alkyl group containing from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and (d) about 1 to about 15% by weight of at least one coalescing solvent, said composition exerting a vapor pressure within said pressurized container in the range of about 30 to about 85 psig at 70°F.
2. The composition of claim 1 wherein said monohydric alcohol is ethanol or isopropanol.
3. The composition of claim 1 wherein said coales-cing solvent is selected from the group consisting of lower monoalkyl esters of ethylene or propylene glycol, diacetone alcohol and ester alcohols.
4. A water-based aerosol paint composition suitable for spray application from a pressurized container to a sub-strate surface and air drying to a continuous film thereon, said composition comprising:
(a) about 6 to about 25% by weight of at least one water-dilutable film-forming polymer, and (b) about 92 to about 75% by weight of the solvent-propellant composition of claim 1.
(a) about 6 to about 25% by weight of at least one water-dilutable film-forming polymer, and (b) about 92 to about 75% by weight of the solvent-propellant composition of claim 1.
5. The composition of claim 4 wherein said film-forming polymer is present in an amount of from about 12 to about 20% by weight and said solvent-propellant composition is present in an amount of about 88 to about 80% by weight.
6. An aerosol water-based paint composition having a pH
of about 7.2 to about 10 and suitable for spray application to a substrate surface and air drying to a continuous film thereon, consisting essentially of:
(a) about 6 to about 25 wt.% of at least one water-dilutable film-forming polymer, (b) about 20 to about 60 wt.% of dimethyl ether, (c) about 10 to about 40 wt.% of water, (d) about 1 to about 20 wt.% of at least one aliphatic monohydric alcohol of the formula: R-OH wherein R is an unsubstituted straight or branched chain alkyl group containing from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, (e) about 1 to about 10 wt.% of at least one coales-cing solvent, (f) 0 to about 3 wt.% of at least one surfactant, (g) 0 to about 15 wt.% of at least one pigment, (h) 0 to about 1 wt.% of at least one pH stabilizer, (i) 0 to about 2 wt.% of at least one antifoam agent, and (j) 0 to about 2 wt.% of at least one plasticizer, said dimethyl ether, water, monohydric alcohol and coales-cing solvent being present in proportions to provide a single phase solvent-propellant composition in which the remainder of the components of the composition are dissolved or suspended, said composition exerting a vapor pressure within said pressurized container in the range of about 30 to about 85 psig at 70°F.
of about 7.2 to about 10 and suitable for spray application to a substrate surface and air drying to a continuous film thereon, consisting essentially of:
(a) about 6 to about 25 wt.% of at least one water-dilutable film-forming polymer, (b) about 20 to about 60 wt.% of dimethyl ether, (c) about 10 to about 40 wt.% of water, (d) about 1 to about 20 wt.% of at least one aliphatic monohydric alcohol of the formula: R-OH wherein R is an unsubstituted straight or branched chain alkyl group containing from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, (e) about 1 to about 10 wt.% of at least one coales-cing solvent, (f) 0 to about 3 wt.% of at least one surfactant, (g) 0 to about 15 wt.% of at least one pigment, (h) 0 to about 1 wt.% of at least one pH stabilizer, (i) 0 to about 2 wt.% of at least one antifoam agent, and (j) 0 to about 2 wt.% of at least one plasticizer, said dimethyl ether, water, monohydric alcohol and coales-cing solvent being present in proportions to provide a single phase solvent-propellant composition in which the remainder of the components of the composition are dissolved or suspended, said composition exerting a vapor pressure within said pressurized container in the range of about 30 to about 85 psig at 70°F.
7. The composition of claim 6 wherein said dimethyl ether is present in an amount of about 20 to about 40 %
by weight.
by weight.
8. The composition of claim 6 wherein said water is present in an amount of about 20 to about 35 % by weight.
9. The composition of claim 6 wherein said monohydric alcohol is present in an amount of about 5 to about 20 %
by weight.
by weight.
10. The composition of claim 6 wherein said coalescing solvent is present in an amount of about 5 to about 10 %
by weight.
by weight.
11. The composition of claim 6 wherein:
said dimethyl ether is present in an amount of about to about 40 % by weight, said water is present in an amount of about 20 to about 35 % by weight, said monohydric alcohol is present in an amount of about 5 to about 20 % by weight, and said coalescing solvent is present in an amount of about 5 to about 10% by weight.
said dimethyl ether is present in an amount of about to about 40 % by weight, said water is present in an amount of about 20 to about 35 % by weight, said monohydric alcohol is present in an amount of about 5 to about 20 % by weight, and said coalescing solvent is present in an amount of about 5 to about 10% by weight.
12, The composition of claim 6 wherein said pH is about 7.4 to about 7.9.
13. The composition of claim 6 wherein said continuous film is pigmented and said at least one pigment is present in said composition in an amount of about 5 to about 15 wt.%.
14. The composition of claim 6, 11 or 13 wherein said film-forming polymer is a water-soluble resin which is dissolved in said solvent-propellant composition.
15. The composition of claim 6, 11 or 13 wherein said film-forming polymer is a water-dilutable resin.
16. The composition of claim 6, 11 or 13 wherein said film-forming polymer is selected from the group consisting of acrylic resins, alkyds, epoxy esters and polyvinyl copolymers.
17. The composition of claim 6 or 11 wherein said monohydric alcohol is ethanol or isopropanol.
CLAIMS SUPPORTED BY SUPPLEMENTARY DISCLOSURE
CLAIMS SUPPORTED BY SUPPLEMENTARY DISCLOSURE
18. A single phase liquid propellant-active carrier com-position suitable for the spray application of an active ingredient from a pressurized container onto a substrate surface, consisting essentially of:
(a) about 20 to about 75% by weight of a propellant comprising dimethyl ether and from 0 to about 50% by weight of the dimethyl ether of another liquid propellant;
(b) about 10 to about 50% by weight of water; and (c) about 0.1 to about 45% by weight of at least one polar water-soluble organic solvent, said propellant, water and polar organic solvent totalling 100% by weight and said composition, together with any gaseous propellant present, exerting a vapor pressure within said pressurized container in the range of about 30 to about 85 psig at 70°F.
(a) about 20 to about 75% by weight of a propellant comprising dimethyl ether and from 0 to about 50% by weight of the dimethyl ether of another liquid propellant;
(b) about 10 to about 50% by weight of water; and (c) about 0.1 to about 45% by weight of at least one polar water-soluble organic solvent, said propellant, water and polar organic solvent totalling 100% by weight and said composition, together with any gaseous propellant present, exerting a vapor pressure within said pressurized container in the range of about 30 to about 85 psig at 70°F.
19. The composition of claim 18 wherein said polar organic solvent comprises at least one aliphatic monohydric alcohol of the formula: R-OH in which R is an unsubstituted straight or branched chain alkyl group containing from 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
20. The composition of claim 18 wherein said polar organic solvent is selected from the group consisting of lower mono alkyl esters of ethylene or propylene glycol, di-acetone alcohol, ketones and ester alcohols.
21. The composition of claim 18 wherein said polar organic solvent comprises a mixture of at least one aliphatic monohydric alcohol of the formula: R-OH in which R is an unsubstituted straight or branched chain alkyl group contain-ing from 1 to 6 carbon atoms and a different water-soluble polar organic solvent.
22. A water-based aerosol paint composition suitable for spray application from a pressurized container to a substrate surface and air drying to a continuous film thereon, said composition comprising:
(a) about 6 to about 25% by weight of at least one water-dilutable film-forming polymer, and (b) about 92 to about 75% by weight of the propellant-active carrier composition of claim 18.
(a) about 6 to about 25% by weight of at least one water-dilutable film-forming polymer, and (b) about 92 to about 75% by weight of the propellant-active carrier composition of claim 18.
23. The composition of claim 22 wherein said film-forming polymer is present in an amount of from about 12 to about 20%
by weight and said propellant-active carrier composition is present in an amount of about 88 to about 80% by weight.
by weight and said propellant-active carrier composition is present in an amount of about 88 to about 80% by weight.
24. An aerosol water-based composition having a pH of about 7.2 to 10 and suitable for spray application to a substrate surface and air drying to a continuous film thereon, consisting essentially of:
(a) about 6 to about 25 wt.% of at least one water-dilutable film-forming polymer, (b) about 20 to about 60 wt.% of a propellant comprising dimethyl ether and from 0 to about 50 wt.% of the dimethyl ether of another liquid propellant, (c) about 10 to about 40 wt.% of water, (d) about 0.1 to about 30 wt.% of at least one water-soluble polar organic solvent, (e) 0 to about 3 wt.% of at least one surfactant, (f) 0 to about 15 wt.% of at least one pigment, (g) 0 to about 1 wt.% of at least one pH stabilizer, (h) 0 to about 2 wt.% of at least one antifoam agent, and (i) 0 to about 2 wt.% of at least one plasticizer, said propellant, water and polar organic solvent being present in proportions to provide a single phase propellant-active carrier composition in which the remainder of the components of the composition are dissolved or suspended, said com-position, together with any gaseous propellant present, exert-ing a vapor pressure within said pressurized container in the range of about 30 to about 85 psig at 70°F.
(a) about 6 to about 25 wt.% of at least one water-dilutable film-forming polymer, (b) about 20 to about 60 wt.% of a propellant comprising dimethyl ether and from 0 to about 50 wt.% of the dimethyl ether of another liquid propellant, (c) about 10 to about 40 wt.% of water, (d) about 0.1 to about 30 wt.% of at least one water-soluble polar organic solvent, (e) 0 to about 3 wt.% of at least one surfactant, (f) 0 to about 15 wt.% of at least one pigment, (g) 0 to about 1 wt.% of at least one pH stabilizer, (h) 0 to about 2 wt.% of at least one antifoam agent, and (i) 0 to about 2 wt.% of at least one plasticizer, said propellant, water and polar organic solvent being present in proportions to provide a single phase propellant-active carrier composition in which the remainder of the components of the composition are dissolved or suspended, said com-position, together with any gaseous propellant present, exert-ing a vapor pressure within said pressurized container in the range of about 30 to about 85 psig at 70°F.
25. The composition of claim 24 wherein said polar organic solvent is at least one aliphatic monohydric alcohol of the formula: R-OH, in which R is an unsubstituted straight or branched chain alkyl group containing from 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
26. The composition of claim 24 wherein said polar organic solvent is selected from the group consisting of lower monoalkyl esters of ethylene or propylene glycol, di-acetone alcohol, ketones and ester alcohols.
27. The composition of claim 24 wherein said polar organic solvent is a mixture of at least one aliphatic mono-hydric alcohol of the formula: R-OH in which R is an un-substituted straight or branched chain alkyl group containing 1 to 6 carbon atoms and a different water-soluble polar organic solvent.
28. The composition of claim 24 wherein said pH is about 7.4 to about 7.9.
29. The composition of claim 24 wherein said continuous film is pigmented and said at least one pigment is present in said composition in an amount of about 5 to about 15 wt.%.
30. The composition of claims 24, 28 or 29, wherein said film-forming polymer is a water-soluble resin.
31. The composition of claims 24, 28 or 29, wherein said film-forming polymer is an emulsified water-dilutable resin.
32. The composition of claims 24, 28 or 29, wherein said film-forming polymer is selected from the group consisting of acrylic resins, alkyds, epoxylates and polyvinyl copolymers.
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000361946A CA1166374A (en) | 1980-10-02 | 1980-10-02 | Propellant-active carrier system for water-based paints |
| NLAANVRAGE8104365,A NL184012C (en) | 1980-09-30 | 1981-09-23 | WATER BASED AEROSOL PAINT COMPOSITION. |
| GB8129108A GB2085466B (en) | 1980-09-30 | 1981-09-25 | Propellant-active carrier system for waterbased paints |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000361946A CA1166374A (en) | 1980-10-02 | 1980-10-02 | Propellant-active carrier system for water-based paints |
| US23718981A | 1981-03-03 | 1981-03-03 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1166374A true CA1166374A (en) | 1984-04-24 |
Family
ID=25669160
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000361946A Expired CA1166374A (en) | 1980-09-30 | 1980-10-02 | Propellant-active carrier system for water-based paints |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1166374A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2001025368A1 (en) * | 1999-10-01 | 2001-04-12 | Daizo Co., Ltd. | Aerosol composition |
-
1980
- 1980-10-02 CA CA000361946A patent/CA1166374A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2001025368A1 (en) * | 1999-10-01 | 2001-04-12 | Daizo Co., Ltd. | Aerosol composition |
| US7226579B1 (en) | 1999-10-01 | 2007-06-05 | Daizo Co., Ltd. | Aerosol composition |
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| NL9400513A (en) | Use of lactates in the preparation of reversible coating compositions, the coating compositions containing lactates thus obtained, the use of these coating compositions in the coating of substrates and articles, as well as substrates and articles coated with these coating compositions. |
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