CA1166171A - Spring-applied, air-released, slack-adjusting parking brake - Google Patents
Spring-applied, air-released, slack-adjusting parking brakeInfo
- Publication number
- CA1166171A CA1166171A CA000378936A CA378936A CA1166171A CA 1166171 A CA1166171 A CA 1166171A CA 000378936 A CA000378936 A CA 000378936A CA 378936 A CA378936 A CA 378936A CA 1166171 A CA1166171 A CA 1166171A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- clutch
- spindle
- nut
- spring
- housing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T17/00—Component parts, details, or accessories of power brake systems not covered by groups B60T8/00, B60T13/00 or B60T15/00, or presenting other characteristic features
- B60T17/08—Brake cylinders other than ultimate actuators
- B60T17/085—Spring loaded brake actuators
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Braking Arrangements (AREA)
Abstract
(Case No. 7079) ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A parking brake, primarily for use with railway vehicles, including a friction clutch associated with a fast-travel nut which is locked by the clutch against rotation on a threaded spindle connected to a brake head, under a force exerted by a plurality of stacked Belleville-type disc springs. The spring load may be overcome by air pressure acting on respective faces of a plurality of serially connected pistons, which, in effect releases the fast-travel nut for free spinning to there-by accommodate axial displacement of the spindle during normal service application and release of the brakes.
A parking brake, primarily for use with railway vehicles, including a friction clutch associated with a fast-travel nut which is locked by the clutch against rotation on a threaded spindle connected to a brake head, under a force exerted by a plurality of stacked Belleville-type disc springs. The spring load may be overcome by air pressure acting on respective faces of a plurality of serially connected pistons, which, in effect releases the fast-travel nut for free spinning to there-by accommodate axial displacement of the spindle during normal service application and release of the brakes.
Description
llfi6~71 (~ase No. 7079) SPRING-APPLIED, AIR-RELEASED, SLACK-ADJUSTING PARKI~G BRAKE
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Some of the presently known parking brake devices have certain disadvantages which the present invention overcomes.
One disadvantage of the presently known parking brake devices is that it is bulky and, along with control appendages, re-quires much space for mounting. Another disadvantage is that if fluid pressure required for applying the brake fails, there is no provision for braking action.
SUMM~RY OF THE INVENTION
The object of the present invention is to provide a rail-way vehicle parking brake that requires a minimum of mounting space and that insures a braking application in the event of failure of fluid pressure.
A further object of the invention is to provide a spring-applied, air-released, slack-adjusting parking brake device for use on railway vehiclesequipped with a conventional tread brake unit including a brake lever for operating brake shoes comprising a cylindrical housing, a non-rotating spindle co-axially disposed in the housing having a fast pitch screw thread and being connectable to the brake shoe and being effective, when moved axially in a first direction for effecting a brake application, and when moved axially in a second direction opposite the first direction for effect-ing release of the brake application, a fast travel nut rotatably carried on the spindle, a clutch seat member 1 ~G6~71 axially slidable in the housing in surrounding relation to one end of the nut, clutch means formed partly on the nut and partly on the clutch seat member, the clutch means being effect-ive when engaged, for locking the nut in coupled relation witll the spindle for causing axial movement of the spindle co-incidentally with axial movement of the nut, and being effect-ive, when disengaged, for permitting free rotation of the nut to allow axial movement of the spindle independently of the nut, a plurality of axially aligned, substantially similar stacked pistons coaxially disposed in the housing in conse-cutively abutting relation with each other and in abutting contact with the clutch seat member, pressure chambers formed on one side of the stacked pistons and vent chambers formed on the opposite side thereof, spring means disposed in the housing and acting through the stacked pistons for exerting an axially directed spring force in a direction coinciding with the first direction, on the clutch seat member for caus-ing engagement of the clutch means and consequent movement of the spring means in the first direction, and wherein the pis-tons are subjectable to fluid pressure for exerting an axiallydirected pressure force, in a direction coinciding with the second direction, for effecting disengagement of the clutch means.
Briefly~ the invention comprises a parking brake cylin-der compactly designed so that it may be mounted externally of a normal brake unit of the vehicle. A fast-travel nut carried ky a threaded spindle, which is connected to a brake head, is - l-A -~ ~6~71 locked against rotation under a force exerted by a plurality of stacked Belleville-type disc springs. The spring load may be overcome by parking brake control pressure acting on re-spective faces of a plurality of interconnected stacked pistons having a total effective pressure area equivalent to a single, large diameter piston, to thereby provide a compact cylinder design. In the release condition of the parking brake, that is, with spring force neutralized, the nut may spin freely to ~ l-B -~ 3fi6~71 accommodate a~ial displacement of the spindle during normal service application and release of the brake shoe. To apply the parking brake, the control pressure acting on the stacked piston is released so that the disc spring force actuates the clutch to lock up the fast-travel nut and thereby transmit the spring force, via the spindle, to the brake shoes.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Fig. 1 is an elevational view, in section, of a parking brake device embodying the invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view, on a smaller scale than Fig.
1, showing the mounting arrangement of the braking device shown in ~ig. 1.
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
As shown in Fig. 1, a parking brake device 1 embodying the invention comprises a cylindrical housing 2 in which a non-rotating, but axially movable spindle 3 is coaxially dis-posed. Spindle 3 is provided with fast-pitch screw threads 4 for carrying a fast-travel nut 5 disposed in a clutch housing portion 5a, said nut having a conical clutch surface 6 engage_ able with a complementary clutch surface 7 formed on an adjacent clutch seat member 8. Clutch seat member 8 is pro-vided with oppositely disposed keys 9 which ride in respective slots 10 formed on the inner surface of cylindrical housing 2 to permit axial movement of the clutch seat member, as will hereinafter be explained.
One end of spindle 3 is slidably disposed in a coaxial bore 11 formed in a piston housing portion lla of housing 2 ~ ~ 66~ ~ t while the other end is pivotally secured to a brake lever 12 (see Fig. 2) of a brake head 13 for exerting or releasing a braking force on a brake shoe 14 connected to a tread brake u~it 15 for applying braking force on a wheel 16. Parking brake device 1, as shown in Fig. 2, is supported exteriorly of, by and underneath tread brake unit 15.
A plurality of stacked pistons 17 is disposed coaxially in piston housing portion lla, each piston having a holl~w hub portion 18 arranged in serially abutting contact so as to form, in effect, a push rod in which bore 11 is formed. The purpose of the plurality of stacked pistons 17 is to minimize the diametral dimension of the parking brake device without reducing the effective piston pressure area. Each of the pistons 17 has a pressure chamber 19 formed adjacent the left side thereof and a vent chamber 20 formed adjacent the right side thereof, as viewed in Fig. 1.
A plurality of stacked Belleville-type disc springs 21 is disposed coaxially in a spring housing portion 22 formed at the right-hand end of housing 2, as viewed in Fig. 1.
Springs 21 are compressibly disposed between a right-hand end wall of housing portion 22 and an annular spring seat member 23 which is disposed between the right-hand end of stacked pistons 17 and the left-hand end of said springs.
A spring 24 is compressibly disposed between a pair of axially spaced-apart thrust bearings 25 in a thrust-bearing housing portion 26 at the left-hand end of housing 2. When the left-hand end of fast-travel nut 5 is bearing against an 1 ~ 6~ ' 7~
amlular stop member 27, against which spring 24 rests, said nut is prevented from moving leftwardly with spindle 3. Free rotation of nut 5 during brake applications (leftwar~ movement of spindle 3), thus assures automatic slack adjusting action, as the brake shoe 14 wears, since spindle 3 is free to move axially with said brake shoe by screw action with said nut until engagement of the shoe with wheel 16 occurs.
A controlled fluid pressure supply conduit 28 is connected to each of the pressure chambers 19 via respective supply ports 29. Vent chambers 20 are each vented to atmosphere via respec-tive vent ports 30.
In operation, a parking brake application may be effected either independently of a service brake application or by locking up a service brake application when in effect. In either case, control pressure acting on piston.c 17 in pressure chambers 19 must be released to free and allow springs 21, acting through spring seat member 23, to urge said pistons in a leftwardly direction, as viewed in Fig. 1, to thereby force clutch seat member 8 into abutting contact with fast-travel nut 5. Clutch surfaces 6 and 7 are thus engaged, andnut 5 is locked against rotation on spindle 3. If a service brake application is in effect at the time, the clutch locking action on nut 5 allows the force of disc springs 21 to be transmitted through pistons 17, clutch seat member 8, and nut 5 to spindle 3, but without further axial displacement of the spindle since the brake shoe 14 is already in braking engagement with wheel 16. In the absence of a brake application 1 ~ ~6~ ~ 1 at the time, spring 24 is sufficiently compressed to allow spindle 3 to move axially leftwardly, together with the locked-up nut 5, until shoe 14 is in contact with wheel 16. m e effective parking brake force is provided in accordance with that generated by disc springs 21.
During normal service braking operations, disc springs 21 are held in a compressed state by pressure acting on the several pistons 17 which react against spring seat 23, so that nut 5 is free to spin, thereby accommodating reciprocable axial movement of spindle 3 during such service braking opera-tion. This arrangement also provides a slack adjusting feature by maintaining zero clearance between brake shoe 14 and wheel 16.
With a parking brake application in effect, it should be appreciated that any increase in distance between brake shoe 14 and wheel 16 (due, perhaps, to thermal contraction of the wheel during cooling) is compensated for by action of disc springs 21 so that no loss of braking effect is experienced.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Some of the presently known parking brake devices have certain disadvantages which the present invention overcomes.
One disadvantage of the presently known parking brake devices is that it is bulky and, along with control appendages, re-quires much space for mounting. Another disadvantage is that if fluid pressure required for applying the brake fails, there is no provision for braking action.
SUMM~RY OF THE INVENTION
The object of the present invention is to provide a rail-way vehicle parking brake that requires a minimum of mounting space and that insures a braking application in the event of failure of fluid pressure.
A further object of the invention is to provide a spring-applied, air-released, slack-adjusting parking brake device for use on railway vehiclesequipped with a conventional tread brake unit including a brake lever for operating brake shoes comprising a cylindrical housing, a non-rotating spindle co-axially disposed in the housing having a fast pitch screw thread and being connectable to the brake shoe and being effective, when moved axially in a first direction for effecting a brake application, and when moved axially in a second direction opposite the first direction for effect-ing release of the brake application, a fast travel nut rotatably carried on the spindle, a clutch seat member 1 ~G6~71 axially slidable in the housing in surrounding relation to one end of the nut, clutch means formed partly on the nut and partly on the clutch seat member, the clutch means being effect-ive when engaged, for locking the nut in coupled relation witll the spindle for causing axial movement of the spindle co-incidentally with axial movement of the nut, and being effect-ive, when disengaged, for permitting free rotation of the nut to allow axial movement of the spindle independently of the nut, a plurality of axially aligned, substantially similar stacked pistons coaxially disposed in the housing in conse-cutively abutting relation with each other and in abutting contact with the clutch seat member, pressure chambers formed on one side of the stacked pistons and vent chambers formed on the opposite side thereof, spring means disposed in the housing and acting through the stacked pistons for exerting an axially directed spring force in a direction coinciding with the first direction, on the clutch seat member for caus-ing engagement of the clutch means and consequent movement of the spring means in the first direction, and wherein the pis-tons are subjectable to fluid pressure for exerting an axiallydirected pressure force, in a direction coinciding with the second direction, for effecting disengagement of the clutch means.
Briefly~ the invention comprises a parking brake cylin-der compactly designed so that it may be mounted externally of a normal brake unit of the vehicle. A fast-travel nut carried ky a threaded spindle, which is connected to a brake head, is - l-A -~ ~6~71 locked against rotation under a force exerted by a plurality of stacked Belleville-type disc springs. The spring load may be overcome by parking brake control pressure acting on re-spective faces of a plurality of interconnected stacked pistons having a total effective pressure area equivalent to a single, large diameter piston, to thereby provide a compact cylinder design. In the release condition of the parking brake, that is, with spring force neutralized, the nut may spin freely to ~ l-B -~ 3fi6~71 accommodate a~ial displacement of the spindle during normal service application and release of the brake shoe. To apply the parking brake, the control pressure acting on the stacked piston is released so that the disc spring force actuates the clutch to lock up the fast-travel nut and thereby transmit the spring force, via the spindle, to the brake shoes.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Fig. 1 is an elevational view, in section, of a parking brake device embodying the invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view, on a smaller scale than Fig.
1, showing the mounting arrangement of the braking device shown in ~ig. 1.
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
As shown in Fig. 1, a parking brake device 1 embodying the invention comprises a cylindrical housing 2 in which a non-rotating, but axially movable spindle 3 is coaxially dis-posed. Spindle 3 is provided with fast-pitch screw threads 4 for carrying a fast-travel nut 5 disposed in a clutch housing portion 5a, said nut having a conical clutch surface 6 engage_ able with a complementary clutch surface 7 formed on an adjacent clutch seat member 8. Clutch seat member 8 is pro-vided with oppositely disposed keys 9 which ride in respective slots 10 formed on the inner surface of cylindrical housing 2 to permit axial movement of the clutch seat member, as will hereinafter be explained.
One end of spindle 3 is slidably disposed in a coaxial bore 11 formed in a piston housing portion lla of housing 2 ~ ~ 66~ ~ t while the other end is pivotally secured to a brake lever 12 (see Fig. 2) of a brake head 13 for exerting or releasing a braking force on a brake shoe 14 connected to a tread brake u~it 15 for applying braking force on a wheel 16. Parking brake device 1, as shown in Fig. 2, is supported exteriorly of, by and underneath tread brake unit 15.
A plurality of stacked pistons 17 is disposed coaxially in piston housing portion lla, each piston having a holl~w hub portion 18 arranged in serially abutting contact so as to form, in effect, a push rod in which bore 11 is formed. The purpose of the plurality of stacked pistons 17 is to minimize the diametral dimension of the parking brake device without reducing the effective piston pressure area. Each of the pistons 17 has a pressure chamber 19 formed adjacent the left side thereof and a vent chamber 20 formed adjacent the right side thereof, as viewed in Fig. 1.
A plurality of stacked Belleville-type disc springs 21 is disposed coaxially in a spring housing portion 22 formed at the right-hand end of housing 2, as viewed in Fig. 1.
Springs 21 are compressibly disposed between a right-hand end wall of housing portion 22 and an annular spring seat member 23 which is disposed between the right-hand end of stacked pistons 17 and the left-hand end of said springs.
A spring 24 is compressibly disposed between a pair of axially spaced-apart thrust bearings 25 in a thrust-bearing housing portion 26 at the left-hand end of housing 2. When the left-hand end of fast-travel nut 5 is bearing against an 1 ~ 6~ ' 7~
amlular stop member 27, against which spring 24 rests, said nut is prevented from moving leftwardly with spindle 3. Free rotation of nut 5 during brake applications (leftwar~ movement of spindle 3), thus assures automatic slack adjusting action, as the brake shoe 14 wears, since spindle 3 is free to move axially with said brake shoe by screw action with said nut until engagement of the shoe with wheel 16 occurs.
A controlled fluid pressure supply conduit 28 is connected to each of the pressure chambers 19 via respective supply ports 29. Vent chambers 20 are each vented to atmosphere via respec-tive vent ports 30.
In operation, a parking brake application may be effected either independently of a service brake application or by locking up a service brake application when in effect. In either case, control pressure acting on piston.c 17 in pressure chambers 19 must be released to free and allow springs 21, acting through spring seat member 23, to urge said pistons in a leftwardly direction, as viewed in Fig. 1, to thereby force clutch seat member 8 into abutting contact with fast-travel nut 5. Clutch surfaces 6 and 7 are thus engaged, andnut 5 is locked against rotation on spindle 3. If a service brake application is in effect at the time, the clutch locking action on nut 5 allows the force of disc springs 21 to be transmitted through pistons 17, clutch seat member 8, and nut 5 to spindle 3, but without further axial displacement of the spindle since the brake shoe 14 is already in braking engagement with wheel 16. In the absence of a brake application 1 ~ ~6~ ~ 1 at the time, spring 24 is sufficiently compressed to allow spindle 3 to move axially leftwardly, together with the locked-up nut 5, until shoe 14 is in contact with wheel 16. m e effective parking brake force is provided in accordance with that generated by disc springs 21.
During normal service braking operations, disc springs 21 are held in a compressed state by pressure acting on the several pistons 17 which react against spring seat 23, so that nut 5 is free to spin, thereby accommodating reciprocable axial movement of spindle 3 during such service braking opera-tion. This arrangement also provides a slack adjusting feature by maintaining zero clearance between brake shoe 14 and wheel 16.
With a parking brake application in effect, it should be appreciated that any increase in distance between brake shoe 14 and wheel 16 (due, perhaps, to thermal contraction of the wheel during cooling) is compensated for by action of disc springs 21 so that no loss of braking effect is experienced.
Claims (5)
1. A spring-applied, fluid-pressure-released parking brake device for use on railway vehicles equipped with a con-ventional tread brake unit including a brake lever for opera-ting brake shoes, said parking brake device comprising:
(a) a cylindrical housing;
(b) a non-rotating spindle coaxially disposed in said housing and provided with a fast-pitch screw thread, said spindle being connectable to the brake shoe and being effective, when moved axially in a first direc-tion for effecting a brake application, and, when moved axially in a second direction opposite to said first direction, for effecting release of the brake application;
(c) a fast-travel nut rotatably carried on said spindle;
(d) a clutch seat member axially slidable in said housing in surrounding relation to one end of said nut;
(e) clutch means formed partly on said nut and partly on said clutch seat member, said clutch means being effective, when engaged, for locking said nut in coupled relation with said spindle for causing axial movement of the spindle coincidentally with axial movement of the nut, and being effective, when dis-engaged for permitting free rotation of said nut to allow axial movement of the spindle independently of the nut;
(f) a plurality of axially aligned, substantially simi-lar stacked pistons coaxially disposed in said housing in consecutively abutting relation with each other and in abutting contact with said clutch seat member; and (g) pressure chambers formed on one side of said stacked pistons and vent chambers formed on the side oppo-site thereof;
(h) spring means disposed in said housing and acting through said stacked pistons for exerting an axially directed spring force, in a direction coinciding with said first direction, on said clutch seat mem-ber for causing engagement of the clutch means and consequent movement of said spring in said first direction, (i) said pistons being subjectable to fluid pressure for exerting an axially directed pressure force, in a direction coinciding with said second direction, for effecting disengagement of the clutch means.
(a) a cylindrical housing;
(b) a non-rotating spindle coaxially disposed in said housing and provided with a fast-pitch screw thread, said spindle being connectable to the brake shoe and being effective, when moved axially in a first direc-tion for effecting a brake application, and, when moved axially in a second direction opposite to said first direction, for effecting release of the brake application;
(c) a fast-travel nut rotatably carried on said spindle;
(d) a clutch seat member axially slidable in said housing in surrounding relation to one end of said nut;
(e) clutch means formed partly on said nut and partly on said clutch seat member, said clutch means being effective, when engaged, for locking said nut in coupled relation with said spindle for causing axial movement of the spindle coincidentally with axial movement of the nut, and being effective, when dis-engaged for permitting free rotation of said nut to allow axial movement of the spindle independently of the nut;
(f) a plurality of axially aligned, substantially simi-lar stacked pistons coaxially disposed in said housing in consecutively abutting relation with each other and in abutting contact with said clutch seat member; and (g) pressure chambers formed on one side of said stacked pistons and vent chambers formed on the side oppo-site thereof;
(h) spring means disposed in said housing and acting through said stacked pistons for exerting an axially directed spring force, in a direction coinciding with said first direction, on said clutch seat mem-ber for causing engagement of the clutch means and consequent movement of said spring in said first direction, (i) said pistons being subjectable to fluid pressure for exerting an axially directed pressure force, in a direction coinciding with said second direction, for effecting disengagement of the clutch means.
2. A parking brake device, as set forth in claim 1, wherein said clutch means comprises an annular conical clutch surface formed on said fast-travel nut in oppositely facing relation to a complementary clutch surface formed on said clutch seat member.
3. A parking brake device, as set forth in claim 1, wherein said spring means comprises a plurality of Belleville-type springs coaxially disposed in a spring housing portion formed at one end of said housing opposite the end at which said spindle is connectable to the brake shoe, said springs being arranged in abutting consecutive stacked relation.
4. A parking brake device, as set forth in claim 3, further including an annular spring seat member coaxially disposed in said housing between said plurality of pistons and said plurality of springs, in abutting contact therewith on opposite sides of the spring seat member for transmitting said spring force from the springs to the pistons.
5. A parking brake device, as set forth in claim 2, wherein each of said pistons is provided with a central hol-low hub extending axially from corresponding sides thereof so as to make abutting contact with the adjacent piston hub and to form, in effect, a hollow push rod in which the free end of said spindle is reciprocably axially slidable, one end of which push rod adjacent the clutch seat member, makes contact therewith for applying said spring force thereto for effecting engagement of the clutch surfaces.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US18506080A | 1980-09-08 | 1980-09-08 | |
| US185,060 | 1980-09-08 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1166171A true CA1166171A (en) | 1984-04-24 |
Family
ID=22679402
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000378936A Expired CA1166171A (en) | 1980-09-08 | 1981-06-03 | Spring-applied, air-released, slack-adjusting parking brake |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5827147B2 (en) |
| BR (1) | BR8102758A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1166171A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3122396A1 (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA811411B (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3619948C2 (en) * | 1986-06-13 | 1995-05-18 | Knorr Bremse Ag | Combined service and spring brake cylinder |
| DE10304718B4 (en) * | 2003-02-06 | 2005-04-21 | Knorr-Bremse Systeme für Schienenfahrzeuge GmbH | From an arbitrary number of brake cylinder modules for the combinable brake cylinder of a rail vehicle |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1169985B (en) * | 1960-01-27 | 1964-05-14 | Bromsregulator Svenska Ab | Compressed air brake cylinder with built-in, automatically single acting brake adjustment device, especially for rail vehicles |
| DE1253601B (en) * | 1964-09-09 | 1967-11-02 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Working device in tandem form, especially working cylinder for compressed air or vacuum brakes of motor vehicles |
| GB1280274A (en) * | 1970-05-21 | 1972-07-05 | Westinghouse Brake & Signal | Spring-force applying means |
| GB1337437A (en) * | 1970-08-08 | 1973-11-14 | Girling Ltd | Hydraulic braking system for vehicles |
| SE396639B (en) * | 1976-03-03 | 1977-09-26 | Westin & Backlund Ab | CONTROLLER INCLUDING A NUMBER OF CHAMBER TO WHICH PRESSURE MEDIUM IS SUPPLIED OR DERIVATED IN ORDER TO VIA PRESSURE-TRANSFERENT ELEMENT BIBRINGA A SHELVING OUTGOING AXLE MOVEMENT IN THE REGULATOR |
-
1981
- 1981-03-03 ZA ZA00811411A patent/ZA811411B/en unknown
- 1981-05-06 BR BR8102758A patent/BR8102758A/en unknown
- 1981-06-03 CA CA000378936A patent/CA1166171A/en not_active Expired
- 1981-06-05 DE DE19813122396 patent/DE3122396A1/en active Granted
- 1981-09-08 JP JP56140435A patent/JPS5827147B2/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE3122396A1 (en) | 1982-06-24 |
| DE3122396C2 (en) | 1992-08-06 |
| JPS5827147B2 (en) | 1983-06-07 |
| BR8102758A (en) | 1982-08-24 |
| JPS5784260A (en) | 1982-05-26 |
| ZA811411B (en) | 1982-03-31 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |