CA1164944A - Gas sensor elements and methods of manufacturing them - Google Patents
Gas sensor elements and methods of manufacturing themInfo
- Publication number
- CA1164944A CA1164944A CA000367488A CA367488A CA1164944A CA 1164944 A CA1164944 A CA 1164944A CA 000367488 A CA000367488 A CA 000367488A CA 367488 A CA367488 A CA 367488A CA 1164944 A CA1164944 A CA 1164944A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- slurry
- catalyst
- alumina
- bead
- particles
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000012018 catalyst precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- VGBPIHVLVSGJGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N thorium(4+);tetranitrate Chemical compound [Th+4].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O VGBPIHVLVSGJGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001238 wet grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 231100000572 poisoning Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000000607 poisoning effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical class [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 7
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 5
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- JLDSOYXADOWAKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium nitrate Chemical compound [Al+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O JLDSOYXADOWAKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002574 poison Substances 0.000 description 4
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 4
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009533 lab test Methods 0.000 description 3
- WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(0) Chemical compound [Pb] WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 3
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001338 aliphatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000012876 carrier material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- UQEAIHBTYFGYIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethyldisiloxane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)C UQEAIHBTYFGYIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000008240 homogeneous mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- ZSLUVFAKFWKJRC-IGMARMGPSA-N 232Th Chemical compound [232Th] ZSLUVFAKFWKJRC-IGMARMGPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000272174 Calidris alpina Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000283014 Dama Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000282326 Felis catus Species 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052776 Thorium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241000135799 Thorius Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003082 abrasive agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910021502 aluminium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 159000000013 aluminium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001273 butane Substances 0.000 description 1
- XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloric acid Chemical compound OCl(=O)=O XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940005991 chloric acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000001143 conditioned effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 1
- JNSGIVNNHKGGRU-JYRVWZFOSA-N diethoxyphosphinothioyl (2z)-2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-methoxyiminoacetate Chemical compound CCOP(=S)(OCC)OC(=O)C(=N/OC)\C1=CSC(N)=N1 JNSGIVNNHKGGRU-JYRVWZFOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011872 intimate mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002611 lead compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001000 micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-pentane Natural products CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PIBWKRNGBLPSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-L palladium(II) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Pd]Cl PIBWKRNGBLPSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- CLSUSRZJUQMOHH-UHFFFAOYSA-L platinum dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Pt]Cl CLSUSRZJUQMOHH-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229960001841 potassium permanganate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000012286 potassium permanganate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001117 sulphuric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ZCUFMDLYAMJYST-UHFFFAOYSA-N thorium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Th]=O ZCUFMDLYAMJYST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910003452 thorium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007723 transport mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance
- G01N27/04—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating resistance
- G01N27/14—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating resistance of an electrically-heated body in dependence upon change of temperature
- G01N27/16—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating resistance of an electrically-heated body in dependence upon change of temperature caused by burning or catalytic oxidation of surrounding material to be tested, e.g. of gas
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Fluid Adsorption Or Reactions (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Electric Means (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Fire-Detection Mechanisms (AREA)
- Emergency Alarm Devices (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8000040 | 1980-01-02 | ||
| GB8000040 | 1980-01-02 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1164944A true CA1164944A (en) | 1984-04-03 |
Family
ID=10510393
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000367488A Expired CA1164944A (en) | 1980-01-02 | 1980-12-23 | Gas sensor elements and methods of manufacturing them |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (2) | US4416911A (OSRAM) |
| JP (1) | JPS56101544A (OSRAM) |
| CA (1) | CA1164944A (OSRAM) |
| DE (1) | DE3049243A1 (OSRAM) |
| FR (1) | FR2473179A1 (OSRAM) |
Families Citing this family (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2083630B (en) * | 1980-09-05 | 1984-01-18 | Nat Res Dev | Catalytic combustible gas sensors |
| DE3122382A1 (de) * | 1981-06-05 | 1982-12-23 | Ibm Deutschland | Verfahren zum herstellen einer gateisolations-schichtstruktur und die verwendung einer solchen struktur |
| US5401470A (en) * | 1992-04-24 | 1995-03-28 | Mine Safety Appliances Company | Combustible gas sensor |
| EP0819935B1 (en) * | 1996-07-19 | 1999-03-31 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft Zur Förderung Der Angewandten Forschung E.V. | A catalytic gas sensor element |
| US6071476A (en) * | 1997-11-14 | 2000-06-06 | Motorola, Inc. | Exhaust gas sensor |
| US6009742A (en) * | 1997-11-14 | 2000-01-04 | Engelhard Corporation | Multi-channel pellistor type emission sensor |
| US7041256B2 (en) * | 2001-01-30 | 2006-05-09 | Industrial Scientific Corporation | Poison resistant combustible gas sensors and method for warning of poisoning |
| KR101128359B1 (ko) * | 2003-06-12 | 2012-03-23 | 리켄 게이키 가부시키가이샤 | 접촉 연소식 가스센서, 및 그 제조방법 |
| JP4724426B2 (ja) * | 2004-03-30 | 2011-07-13 | シチズンホールディングス株式会社 | ガスセンサ用検知素子および接触燃焼式ガスセンサ |
| RU2333477C2 (ru) * | 2004-05-24 | 2008-09-10 | Алексей Васильевич Рязанов | Чувствительный элемент газоанализатора |
| GB2437984B (en) * | 2006-05-11 | 2010-08-18 | E2V Tech | Gas sensor arrangement |
| US7833482B2 (en) * | 2006-12-29 | 2010-11-16 | Honeywell International Inc. | Low power combustible gas sensor |
| JP4580405B2 (ja) * | 2007-03-30 | 2010-11-10 | エフアイエス株式会社 | 水素ガスセンサ |
| EP2586018B1 (en) | 2010-06-25 | 2019-09-11 | Industrial Scientific Corporation | A multi-sense environmental monitoring device and method |
| US10533965B2 (en) * | 2016-04-19 | 2020-01-14 | Industrial Scientific Corporation | Combustible gas sensing element with cantilever support |
| CA3018763C (en) | 2016-04-19 | 2024-01-23 | Industrial Scientific Corporation | Worker safety system |
| US11246187B2 (en) | 2019-05-30 | 2022-02-08 | Industrial Scientific Corporation | Worker safety system with scan mode |
Family Cites Families (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3092799A (en) * | 1958-02-18 | 1963-06-04 | Nat Res Dev | Apparatus for detecting combustible gases having an electrically conductive member enveloped in a refractory material |
| NL236206A (OSRAM) | 1958-02-18 | |||
| GB1387412A (en) | 1971-07-07 | 1975-03-19 | English Electric Valve Co Ltd | Combustible gas detectors |
| US3883307A (en) * | 1971-10-21 | 1975-05-13 | Ambac Ind | Gas analyzer resistance element |
| GB1437075A (en) * | 1972-06-30 | 1976-05-26 | Nat Res Dev | Gas detectors |
| US3959764A (en) * | 1974-10-09 | 1976-05-25 | Dictaphone Corporation | Gas analyzing element |
| FR2334100A1 (fr) * | 1975-12-05 | 1977-07-01 | Louyot Comptoir Lyon Alemand | Element detecteur de la presence de gaz combustibles dans une atmosphere gazeuse comportant au moins un oxydant |
| GB1550274A (en) * | 1976-03-19 | 1979-08-15 | Riken Keiki Kk | Process for the production of an oxidation catalyst |
| GB1596623A (en) * | 1976-12-13 | 1981-08-26 | Nat Res Dev | Catalytic gas detectors |
| GB1556339A (en) | 1977-08-25 | 1979-11-21 | English Electric Valve Co Ltd | Combustible gas detectors |
| GB2013901A (en) * | 1977-12-16 | 1979-08-15 | Sieger Ltd J & S | Catalytic gas sensor |
| NL7915013A (nl) * | 1978-03-08 | 1980-06-30 | British Gas Corp | Voor gas gevoelig element en een werkwijze voor de vervaardiging daarvan. |
| GB2060701B (en) * | 1979-10-12 | 1983-06-08 | Diamond Shamrock Corp | Electrode coating with platinum- group metal catalyst and semiconducting polymer |
-
1980
- 1980-12-23 CA CA000367488A patent/CA1164944A/en not_active Expired
- 1980-12-27 DE DE19803049243 patent/DE3049243A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 1980-12-30 US US06/221,272 patent/US4416911A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1980-12-31 FR FR8027908A patent/FR2473179A1/fr active Granted
-
1981
- 1981-01-05 JP JP6381A patent/JPS56101544A/ja active Pending
-
1983
- 1983-07-22 US US06/516,095 patent/US4464339A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US4416911A (en) | 1983-11-22 |
| DE3049243A1 (de) | 1981-10-29 |
| FR2473179B1 (OSRAM) | 1984-12-07 |
| JPS56101544A (en) | 1981-08-14 |
| US4464339A (en) | 1984-08-07 |
| FR2473179A1 (fr) | 1981-07-10 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |