CA1161977A - Binder compositions - Google Patents
Binder compositionsInfo
- Publication number
- CA1161977A CA1161977A CA000387154A CA387154A CA1161977A CA 1161977 A CA1161977 A CA 1161977A CA 000387154 A CA000387154 A CA 000387154A CA 387154 A CA387154 A CA 387154A CA 1161977 A CA1161977 A CA 1161977A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- resin
- formaldehyde
- binder composition
- composition according
- furfuryl alcohol
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- XPFVYQJUAUNWIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N furfuryl alcohol Chemical compound OCC1=CC=CO1 XPFVYQJUAUNWIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- LEQAOMBKQFMDFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N glyoxal Chemical compound O=CC=O LEQAOMBKQFMDFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229920001807 Urea-formaldehyde Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229940015043 glyoxal Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229920003987 resole Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- GZCGUPFRVQAUEE-SLPGGIOYSA-N aldehydo-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C=O GZCGUPFRVQAUEE-SLPGGIOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- SLGWESQGEUXWJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N formaldehyde;phenol Chemical compound O=C.OC1=CC=CC=C1 SLGWESQGEUXWJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 240000000940 Araucaria angustifolia Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000018719 Araucaria angustifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003377 acid catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005058 metal casting Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N methanone Chemical compound O=[14CH2] WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 20
- JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene-4-sulfonic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Furan Chemical compound C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003986 novolac Polymers 0.000 description 2
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenol group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=C1)O ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ODGAOXROABLFNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N polynoxylin Chemical compound O=C.NC(N)=O ODGAOXROABLFNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006188 syrup Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000020357 syrup Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC(Br)=C1F PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001116438 Araucaria Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000004606 Fillers/Extenders Substances 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101100328463 Mus musculus Cmya5 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YNPNZTXNASCQKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenanthrene Natural products C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C=CC2=C1 YNPNZTXNASCQKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGEZNRSVGBDHLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N [1,10]phenanthroline Chemical compound C1=CN=C2C3=NC=CC=C3C=CC2=C1 DGEZNRSVGBDHLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001338 aliphatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940094070 ambien Drugs 0.000 description 1
- SWLVFNYSXGMGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium bromide Chemical compound [NH4+].[Br-] SWLVFNYSXGMGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011280 coal tar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002240 furans Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- HYBBIBNJHNGZAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N furfural Chemical compound O=CC1=CC=CO1 HYBBIBNJHNGZAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002198 insoluble material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000025 natural resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005012 oleoresinous Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004848 polyfunctional curative Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010112 shell-mould casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001117 sulphuric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- QQQSFSZALRVCSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxysilane Chemical compound CCO[SiH](OCC)OCC QQQSFSZALRVCSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZAFYATHCZYHLPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N zolpidem Chemical compound N1=C2C=CC(C)=CN2C(CC(=O)N(C)C)=C1C1=CC=C(C)C=C1 ZAFYATHCZYHLPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L61/00—Compositions of condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L61/34—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with monomers covered by at least two of the groups C08L61/04, C08L61/18 and C08L61/20
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C1/00—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds
- B22C1/16—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds characterised by the use of binding agents; Mixtures of binding agents
- B22C1/20—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds characterised by the use of binding agents; Mixtures of binding agents of organic agents
- B22C1/22—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds characterised by the use of binding agents; Mixtures of binding agents of organic agents of resins or rosins
- B22C1/2233—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds characterised by the use of binding agents; Mixtures of binding agents of organic agents of resins or rosins obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L71/00—Compositions of polyethers obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L71/08—Polyethers derived from hydroxy compounds or from their metallic derivatives
- C08L71/14—Furfuryl alcohol polymers
Abstract
A B S T R A C T
A binder composition suitable for use in the production of cores or moulds for metal casting comprises furfuryl alcohol and a furfuryl alcohol soluble resin produced from coniferous wood.
Glyoxal, formaldehyde, a urea-formaldehyde resin or precondensate, a phenol-formaldehyde resole resin, a diluent liquid and/or a silane can also be included.
A binder composition suitable for use in the production of cores or moulds for metal casting comprises furfuryl alcohol and a furfuryl alcohol soluble resin produced from coniferous wood.
Glyoxal, formaldehyde, a urea-formaldehyde resin or precondensate, a phenol-formaldehyde resole resin, a diluent liquid and/or a silane can also be included.
Description
1 ~el~77 ., .
BINDER COMPOSITIONS
This invention relates to bir,der composi~ions, and particularly to binder compositions used to bond particulate refractory material such as sand in the production of cores and mNulds for metal casting.
It is known to use a resin derived from southern pinewood sold under the trademark VINSOL as a part replacement for phenolic novolak resin in so-called shell moulding compos-itions. The VINSOL resin may be modified by reaction with furfuraldehyde prior to blending in the molten state with the phenolic novolak resin.
We have now found that resins derived from coniferous wood are particularly use~ul in binder compositions base~ oa furfuryl alcohol used for making foundry moulds and cores~
According to the invention there is provided a binder compositiun comprising furfuryl alcohol and a resin produced from coniferou5 wood and soluble in furfuryl alcohol.
The following are examples of resins produoed from conifer-ous wood which ars commercially available and which are suitable for use in the binder compositions of the invention:-. .' '~
1 1619~7 , '-.~
BINDER COMPOSITIONS
This invention relates to bir,der composi~ions, and particularly to binder compositions used to bond particulate refractory material such as sand in the production of cores and mNulds for metal casting.
It is known to use a resin derived from southern pinewood sold under the trademark VINSOL as a part replacement for phenolic novolak resin in so-called shell moulding compos-itions. The VINSOL resin may be modified by reaction with furfuraldehyde prior to blending in the molten state with the phenolic novolak resin.
We have now found that resins derived from coniferous wood are particularly use~ul in binder compositions base~ oa furfuryl alcohol used for making foundry moulds and cores~
According to the invention there is provided a binder compositiun comprising furfuryl alcohol and a resin produced from coniferou5 wood and soluble in furfuryl alcohol.
The following are examples of resins produoed from conifer-ous wood which ars commercially available and which are suitable for use in the binder compositions of the invention:-. .' '~
1 1619~7 , '-.~
- 2 - FS 1Z1Z
.
(1) VINSOL resin, a substantially aliphatic hydrecarbon-insoluble material produced by extracting pinewood with a coal tar hydrocarbon, evaporating the extract to produce a solid residue, separating a resin extract from the solid residue and recovering the ra~aining residue.
(2) RESPIN and RESMOL resins, natural resins derived from Araucaria An~ustifolia ~also known as Brazilian pine.) These resins are crystalline, light-brown coloured ther~oplastic resins having a high melting point.
.
(1) VINSOL resin, a substantially aliphatic hydrecarbon-insoluble material produced by extracting pinewood with a coal tar hydrocarbon, evaporating the extract to produce a solid residue, separating a resin extract from the solid residue and recovering the ra~aining residue.
(2) RESPIN and RESMOL resins, natural resins derived from Araucaria An~ustifolia ~also known as Brazilian pine.) These resins are crystalline, light-brown coloured ther~oplastic resins having a high melting point.
(3) PENBRO resin, a material which is partially soluble in aliphatic hydrocarbons, and which like VINSOL resin is obtained from the oleoresinous constituents of southern pinewood.
Curable binder compositions may be produced from a solution of the coniferous wood resin in furfuryl alcohol but if desired othsr constituents such as glyoxal, formaldehyde or a formaldehyde-containing resin such as a urea-fonmaldehyde or a phenol-formaldshyde resin ~ay also be included.
The preferred compositions according to the invention compri~e furfuryl alcohol, furfuryl alcohol-soluble coniferous wood resin and urea-formaldehyde resin or precondensate and/or phenol-formaldehyde resole r2~in. Whén used in a UF furans or PF fur~ne the coniferous w~od resin acts as an extender For the r~ k * Trademark - ~ ** Trademark ~ *** Trademark ' ~- 3 ~
- 3 ~ F5 1212 more costly furfuryl alcohol and up to about 30% by weight of the furfurylalcohol content of a particular binder composition may be replaced by the coniferous wood resin. Preferably 10-15%
by weight of the furfuryl alcohol may be replaced by the coniferous wood resin.
In order to promote adhesion of the binder composition to a sand substrate it may be desirable to include in the co~position a silane such as ga~ma ~ aminopropyltriethox~
silan~ tH2NCH2CHzCH2Si~OC2H5)3) or other aminofunctional silane.
When used the silane will usually be emoloyed in an amount of from 0.05 to 0.5% by weight of the binder composition.
A diluent liquid such as water or an alcohol, for example methanol, may also~be inclwded in the composition.
The binder compositions aeeD~rding to the invention will usually contain the following comoonents in the following proportions by weight:-Furfuryl alcohol 15-95%
Coniferous wood resin 5-30%
Phenol-formaldehyde resole resin 0-60%
Urea-formaldehyde resin or precondensate 0-70%
Glyoxal or formaldehyde 0-20%
Diluent liquid 0-35%
" I 161~77
Curable binder compositions may be produced from a solution of the coniferous wood resin in furfuryl alcohol but if desired othsr constituents such as glyoxal, formaldehyde or a formaldehyde-containing resin such as a urea-fonmaldehyde or a phenol-formaldshyde resin ~ay also be included.
The preferred compositions according to the invention compri~e furfuryl alcohol, furfuryl alcohol-soluble coniferous wood resin and urea-formaldehyde resin or precondensate and/or phenol-formaldehyde resole r2~in. Whén used in a UF furans or PF fur~ne the coniferous w~od resin acts as an extender For the r~ k * Trademark - ~ ** Trademark ~ *** Trademark ' ~- 3 ~
- 3 ~ F5 1212 more costly furfuryl alcohol and up to about 30% by weight of the furfurylalcohol content of a particular binder composition may be replaced by the coniferous wood resin. Preferably 10-15%
by weight of the furfuryl alcohol may be replaced by the coniferous wood resin.
In order to promote adhesion of the binder composition to a sand substrate it may be desirable to include in the co~position a silane such as ga~ma ~ aminopropyltriethox~
silan~ tH2NCH2CHzCH2Si~OC2H5)3) or other aminofunctional silane.
When used the silane will usually be emoloyed in an amount of from 0.05 to 0.5% by weight of the binder composition.
A diluent liquid such as water or an alcohol, for example methanol, may also~be inclwded in the composition.
The binder compositions aeeD~rding to the invention will usually contain the following comoonents in the following proportions by weight:-Furfuryl alcohol 15-95%
Coniferous wood resin 5-30%
Phenol-formaldehyde resole resin 0-60%
Urea-formaldehyde resin or precondensate 0-70%
Glyoxal or formaldehyde 0-20%
Diluent liquid 0-35%
" I 161~77
- 4 - FS 1Z12 Wh0n the composition contains only furfuryl alcohol and coniferous wood resin and optionally a diluent liquid the preferred proportions are, by weight:-Furfuryl alcohol 70-95%
Coniferous wood resin 5-30%
Diluent liquid 0-10%
When the composition contains glyoxal or formaldehyde the preferred proportions are, by weight:-Furfuryl alco.hol ~ ; 50-90%
Conifërous wood resin 5-3~%
Glyoxal or formaldehyde 5-Z0%
D~-luent~ uid~ 0-1.0~
When the composition contains a phenol-formaldehyde r2sole resin and/or a urea-formaIdehyde resin or precondensat~
the prefer~ed proportions are, by weight:-.
Furfuryl alcohol 15-90%
Coni-ferous wood resin 5-30%
Phenol-fonraldehyde resole resin 0-60%
Urea--formaldehyde resin or precondensate 0-70%
Diluent liquid 0-30%
~ 16~977 .
Coniferous wood resin 5-30%
Diluent liquid 0-10%
When the composition contains glyoxal or formaldehyde the preferred proportions are, by weight:-Furfuryl alco.hol ~ ; 50-90%
Conifërous wood resin 5-3~%
Glyoxal or formaldehyde 5-Z0%
D~-luent~ uid~ 0-1.0~
When the composition contains a phenol-formaldehyde r2sole resin and/or a urea-formaIdehyde resin or precondensat~
the prefer~ed proportions are, by weight:-.
Furfuryl alcohol 15-90%
Coni-ferous wood resin 5-30%
Phenol-fonraldehyde resole resin 0-60%
Urea--formaldehyde resin or precondensate 0-70%
Diluent liquid 0-30%
~ 16~977 .
- 5 - FS 1212 Various proprietary brands and grades of coniferous - wood resin are available but the preferred material is a flake - fonm of RESPIN resin which is readily dissolved in furfuryl alcohol at ambient temperaturs. Such a material enables, for exarnple, a rnodified urea-fonnaldehyde furane rssin composition to be produced by cold blending furfuryl alcohol, a urea formaldehyde aqueous syrup, the conifsrous wood rssin and op~ionally a silane and the binder composition is there~ore very sirnple to manufacturs.
The binder compositions of the invention may be "cold set" i.e. hardened at room temperature by the addition of a sulphonic acid catalyst (or hardener). Suitable suIphorlic acid catalysts include para-toluene sulphonic acid, benzene sulphonic a~id, cwmer~e-sulphonic acid and xylene sul~honic acid.
If desired ths ~ulphonic:acid catalyst rnay be u~ed in admi~ture with mineral acids such as phosphoric acid or sulphuric acid and mixturss thereof.
When the binder compositions of the invention are used to producs foundr~ rnoulds or cores, sand or other part-iculate reFractory material, binder composition and a sulphonic acid catalyst are mixed togsther and the mixturs is then formed to shape in a rnould or core-box whsre it may be allowed to harden or set at ambient temperature.
3 ~ 77 . . .
The binder compositions of the invention may be "cold set" i.e. hardened at room temperature by the addition of a sulphonic acid catalyst (or hardener). Suitable suIphorlic acid catalysts include para-toluene sulphonic acid, benzene sulphonic a~id, cwmer~e-sulphonic acid and xylene sul~honic acid.
If desired ths ~ulphonic:acid catalyst rnay be u~ed in admi~ture with mineral acids such as phosphoric acid or sulphuric acid and mixturss thereof.
When the binder compositions of the invention are used to producs foundr~ rnoulds or cores, sand or other part-iculate reFractory material, binder composition and a sulphonic acid catalyst are mixed togsther and the mixturs is then formed to shape in a rnould or core-box whsre it may be allowed to harden or set at ambient temperature.
3 ~ 77 . . .
- 6 - FS 1212 Alternatively the bindsr composition m~y be cured by means of a catalyst such as an am~onium salt, for exam,ole a~monium chloride, ammonium nitrate or ammonium bromide and the curing being accelerated by heat. For example the 50-called Hot-Box process may be used involving blowing of a mixture of sand, binder composition and catalyst into a heated core-box.
In accordance with the above the invention includes a method of making a foundry mould or core, which method comprises mixing together particulate refractory material such as sand and a binder composition according to the ihvsntion, and a catalyst, fon~ing the resultin~ mixture-to a desired shape or shapes and causing or allowing the shape or shapes to harden.
The inventior1 alsn incIude~ a binder co~positicn as defined above in admixture with a particulate refractory material and a sulphonic acid or ammonium salt catalyst.
The following examples will serve to illustrate ths invention:-9~7
In accordance with the above the invention includes a method of making a foundry mould or core, which method comprises mixing together particulate refractory material such as sand and a binder composition according to the ihvsntion, and a catalyst, fon~ing the resultin~ mixture-to a desired shape or shapes and causing or allowing the shape or shapes to harden.
The inventior1 alsn incIude~ a binder co~positicn as defined above in admixture with a particulate refractory material and a sulphonic acid or ammonium salt catalyst.
The following examples will serve to illustrate ths invention:-9~7
- 7 ~ FS 1212 Binder compositions werz produced as shown in the table below by blending the constituents together at ambient tEmperature. All percentagss are by weight:-Furfuryl alcohol 67.9 62.96Z~9 57.9 57.9 Urea fonmaldehyde 31.0 31.031,0 31,0 31.0 resin (aqueous 10 syrup - 65% solids content) '~ineol'~esin - - 5,0 - 10.û
'Respin'~esin - 5.0 - 10.0 Gamma-aminopropyl- 0.1 0.1 0.1 û.1 0.1 15 triethoxy silane Water 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.~ 1.0 The binder compositions were then tested as binders for foundry moulds and cores using the following proct~dure:-5~g of"Ghelford 50"silica sand was thoroughly mixed with 35g of standard commercial grade 65~ para-toluene sulphonic acid. 7ûg of the binder composition was then added and mixing continued. The resulting mixture was used to pm duce standard transverse strength test cores. The conditions under which the tests were carried out were -* Trademark ~ . I
~ ``"`~ I 16~7 - B ~ FS 1212 sand temperature 19 C
ambient temperature 19.5 C
Relative Humidity 52%
..
For each binder composition the "set time" (that is the time required for the binder composition to cure sufficiently for the cores to be stripped fron the core box~ was determined, and transverss strength measurements on cores which had been allowed to h~rden for various times were also made.
The following results were obtained:-~, ".. .
! ~ 10 ~ d _ Sæt Time; =
~Minutes) a~ter -ime ours~
1h 2h 3h 4h 2 29 10 30.5 46 ~5.5 3 28- 1a 31 36 4.0 4 29 16.5 31 35 39 EXAMPLE Z
This example denonstrates the suitability of RESPIN
resin as a part replacement for furfuryl alcohol in a high furfurJl alcohol low urea-~ormaldehyde UF furane syst~n.
:.
,:
;' ,. .
7 ~
The following binder compositions were prepared by blending the constituents together at ambient temperature. All proportions are parts by weight.
Furfuryl alcohol 78 75 73 70 Urea-formaldehyde 5 5 5 5 resin (as Example 1) Respin Resin 12 15 17 20 Silane ~as Example 1) 0.15 0.15 0.15 û.15 ` 10 Water 5 5 5 5 - The compositions were tested using the procedure of Example 1 under the following conditions:-binder : 1.2% by wsight of sand PT~h ~atalyst : ~OCO by weight of bin~er sand temperature : 29~C
ambient temperature : 29C
Relative Humidity : 30%
.
The following results were obtained:-~inder Composition Set Time Transverse Stren th ~k /cm ) ~ L ~ ~ ,, g g ~MlnulesJ ~ r ~D~ r~
~ 1h 2h 3h 4h 24h 6 4n 11 22.5 2B 29 32.5 -, : ' g~7 Binder Co~position Sek Time . Transverss Strength (kg!cm2) IFE~ r i~ ~o~r~
1h2h 3h 4h 24h ~ 39 1221.5 24 27 31 - 9 35 11.5 20 23 24 2a This exampls demonstrates the use of RESPIN resin in a low furfuryl alcohol high urea-fonmaldehyde UF furane system.
The following binder compositions were preparsd by blending the constituents together at ambien~ t-emperature.
All proportions.are pa~ts by weight.
: Furfur~;l alcahol 45 40 35 Urea-formaldehv~e~ 4~ 45 a~
1~ resin (as Example 1) RBspin resin a 5. 10.
Silane (as Example 1) 0~15 0.15 0.15 Water 10 10 10 The co~positions were tested using the procedurs of .; 20 Example 1 under the following conditions:-binder : 1.2% by weight of sand PTSA cataly6t: 33.3~ by WBight oF bind~r :
~ ~6~77 , ., - 11 ~ FS 1212 Sand t~mperature : 30 C
ambient temperature : 30 C
Relative Humidity : 70~
.
The following results were obtained:-9inder _ mposition Set Time Transverse Strength (kg/om2) (Minutes) a er tims ours 1h 2h 3h 4h 24h 2a 7 Z2 24 25 27 . 12 23 8 17 20 17.5 22 .
The ~ollowing binder compasitions were prepared by .
b]endilg the ccllstituent~: to~ether al 3mbient tempe~aturq.
All proportions are parts by weight.
- 13: 14 15 FurFuryl alcohol 90 80 70 Respin resin 10 20 30 Silane tas Example 1) 0.15 0.15 0.15 The compusitions were tested using the procedure of Example 1 under the following conditions:-..
- 1161t9 77 ~ 12 - FS 1Z1Z
, binder : 1.2% by wsight of sand PTSA catalyst : 40% by weight of binder sand temperature : 19.5C
ambient temperature : 19 C
Relative Humidity : 52%
The following results wsre obtained:-,, Binder Oomposition Set Time Transverse Strength ~kg/cm2) (Minutes) after time hours .
1h 2h 3h 24h 14 30 16.5 24 5~27 35 9.5 . 17 19 24 .
The following binder compositions were prepared~by blending the constituents together. All proportions are parts by weight.
Fur~uryl alcohol B5 75 65 Respin resin 10 20 30 Glyoxal ~40% solution) 5 5 5 Silane ~as Example 1) 0.15 0.15 0.15 197~
The compositions were ;tested using the procedure of Example 1 under the followlng conditions:-binder : 1.2% by weight of sand PTSA catalyst : 40% by wsight of binder sand temperature : 19.5 C
ambient temperature : 19.5C
Relative Humidity : 54%
- The following.r~sults were obtained:-Binder Composition Set Time Transverse;.Strength (kg/cm ) ~Min_tes~) 1h 2h 3h 4h 24h 17 30 16 26 31 28 35.5 18 3C 11 19 2C Z1 2.. 5 A Hot-Box resin binder composition t19) was prepared having the following oomposition by weight:
%
Furfuryl alcohol15 Respin resin 5 UF resin (as Example 1) 64 Urea 3 ,, .
Water 8 Glucose 5 The binder was mixed with Chélford 50 silica sand at an addition rate of 2.0% by weight on the weight of sand and a catalyst consisting of 44% urea, 14% ammonium chloride and 42% water. The proportion of catalyst was Z0% by weight based on the weight of the resin.
The resuIting mixture was tested by producing tensile strength test cores in a heated core-box. S~nd was allowed to remain in the core-box for various times 5d~ell time)O Tensîle strength measuremenis were made on some cores 30 seconds aftsr ejection from the core box and on some cores 30 minutes after ejection from th~e c~rs box.
The conditions were as follows:-ambient temperaturs 20 C
sand temperat;ure 20C
box temperature 230C
Relative Humidity 50%
Ths following results were obtained:-~ ~ I lB1977 ~ 15 - FS 1212 Dwell Time Tensile Strength (kg/cm2) b~ A-SF~ APter 30 rnins.
2.7 21 5.1 20 6.2 32
'Respin'~esin - 5.0 - 10.0 Gamma-aminopropyl- 0.1 0.1 0.1 û.1 0.1 15 triethoxy silane Water 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.~ 1.0 The binder compositions were then tested as binders for foundry moulds and cores using the following proct~dure:-5~g of"Ghelford 50"silica sand was thoroughly mixed with 35g of standard commercial grade 65~ para-toluene sulphonic acid. 7ûg of the binder composition was then added and mixing continued. The resulting mixture was used to pm duce standard transverse strength test cores. The conditions under which the tests were carried out were -* Trademark ~ . I
~ ``"`~ I 16~7 - B ~ FS 1212 sand temperature 19 C
ambient temperature 19.5 C
Relative Humidity 52%
..
For each binder composition the "set time" (that is the time required for the binder composition to cure sufficiently for the cores to be stripped fron the core box~ was determined, and transverss strength measurements on cores which had been allowed to h~rden for various times were also made.
The following results were obtained:-~, ".. .
! ~ 10 ~ d _ Sæt Time; =
~Minutes) a~ter -ime ours~
1h 2h 3h 4h 2 29 10 30.5 46 ~5.5 3 28- 1a 31 36 4.0 4 29 16.5 31 35 39 EXAMPLE Z
This example denonstrates the suitability of RESPIN
resin as a part replacement for furfuryl alcohol in a high furfurJl alcohol low urea-~ormaldehyde UF furane syst~n.
:.
,:
;' ,. .
7 ~
The following binder compositions were prepared by blending the constituents together at ambient temperature. All proportions are parts by weight.
Furfuryl alcohol 78 75 73 70 Urea-formaldehyde 5 5 5 5 resin (as Example 1) Respin Resin 12 15 17 20 Silane ~as Example 1) 0.15 0.15 0.15 û.15 ` 10 Water 5 5 5 5 - The compositions were tested using the procedure of Example 1 under the following conditions:-binder : 1.2% by wsight of sand PT~h ~atalyst : ~OCO by weight of bin~er sand temperature : 29~C
ambient temperature : 29C
Relative Humidity : 30%
.
The following results were obtained:-~inder Composition Set Time Transverse Stren th ~k /cm ) ~ L ~ ~ ,, g g ~MlnulesJ ~ r ~D~ r~
~ 1h 2h 3h 4h 24h 6 4n 11 22.5 2B 29 32.5 -, : ' g~7 Binder Co~position Sek Time . Transverss Strength (kg!cm2) IFE~ r i~ ~o~r~
1h2h 3h 4h 24h ~ 39 1221.5 24 27 31 - 9 35 11.5 20 23 24 2a This exampls demonstrates the use of RESPIN resin in a low furfuryl alcohol high urea-fonmaldehyde UF furane system.
The following binder compositions were preparsd by blending the constituents together at ambien~ t-emperature.
All proportions.are pa~ts by weight.
: Furfur~;l alcahol 45 40 35 Urea-formaldehv~e~ 4~ 45 a~
1~ resin (as Example 1) RBspin resin a 5. 10.
Silane (as Example 1) 0~15 0.15 0.15 Water 10 10 10 The co~positions were tested using the procedurs of .; 20 Example 1 under the following conditions:-binder : 1.2% by weight of sand PTSA cataly6t: 33.3~ by WBight oF bind~r :
~ ~6~77 , ., - 11 ~ FS 1212 Sand t~mperature : 30 C
ambient temperature : 30 C
Relative Humidity : 70~
.
The following results were obtained:-9inder _ mposition Set Time Transverse Strength (kg/om2) (Minutes) a er tims ours 1h 2h 3h 4h 24h 2a 7 Z2 24 25 27 . 12 23 8 17 20 17.5 22 .
The ~ollowing binder compasitions were prepared by .
b]endilg the ccllstituent~: to~ether al 3mbient tempe~aturq.
All proportions are parts by weight.
- 13: 14 15 FurFuryl alcohol 90 80 70 Respin resin 10 20 30 Silane tas Example 1) 0.15 0.15 0.15 The compusitions were tested using the procedure of Example 1 under the following conditions:-..
- 1161t9 77 ~ 12 - FS 1Z1Z
, binder : 1.2% by wsight of sand PTSA catalyst : 40% by weight of binder sand temperature : 19.5C
ambient temperature : 19 C
Relative Humidity : 52%
The following results wsre obtained:-,, Binder Oomposition Set Time Transverse Strength ~kg/cm2) (Minutes) after time hours .
1h 2h 3h 24h 14 30 16.5 24 5~27 35 9.5 . 17 19 24 .
The following binder compositions were prepared~by blending the constituents together. All proportions are parts by weight.
Fur~uryl alcohol B5 75 65 Respin resin 10 20 30 Glyoxal ~40% solution) 5 5 5 Silane ~as Example 1) 0.15 0.15 0.15 197~
The compositions were ;tested using the procedure of Example 1 under the followlng conditions:-binder : 1.2% by weight of sand PTSA catalyst : 40% by wsight of binder sand temperature : 19.5 C
ambient temperature : 19.5C
Relative Humidity : 54%
- The following.r~sults were obtained:-Binder Composition Set Time Transverse;.Strength (kg/cm ) ~Min_tes~) 1h 2h 3h 4h 24h 17 30 16 26 31 28 35.5 18 3C 11 19 2C Z1 2.. 5 A Hot-Box resin binder composition t19) was prepared having the following oomposition by weight:
%
Furfuryl alcohol15 Respin resin 5 UF resin (as Example 1) 64 Urea 3 ,, .
Water 8 Glucose 5 The binder was mixed with Chélford 50 silica sand at an addition rate of 2.0% by weight on the weight of sand and a catalyst consisting of 44% urea, 14% ammonium chloride and 42% water. The proportion of catalyst was Z0% by weight based on the weight of the resin.
The resuIting mixture was tested by producing tensile strength test cores in a heated core-box. S~nd was allowed to remain in the core-box for various times 5d~ell time)O Tensîle strength measuremenis were made on some cores 30 seconds aftsr ejection from the core box and on some cores 30 minutes after ejection from th~e c~rs box.
The conditions were as follows:-ambient temperaturs 20 C
sand temperat;ure 20C
box temperature 230C
Relative Humidity 50%
Ths following results were obtained:-~ ~ I lB1977 ~ 15 - FS 1212 Dwell Time Tensile Strength (kg/cm2) b~ A-SF~ APter 30 rnins.
2.7 21 5.1 20 6.2 32
8 35 E,~AMPLE 7 The following binder compositions were prepared.
. ~ .,~ ,~ .
All proportions are parts by weight:-Furfuryl aleohol 55 49.5 46.75 44.0 Phenol-forrnaldehyde 45 40.5 33.25 3~.0 resol resin ~formaldehyde:
phen~l 3.1) Respin resin - 10 15 20 Silane (as Example 1) 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 The compositions were tested using the procedure of Example 1 under the following conditions:-binder : 1.2% by weight oP sand PTSA catalyst : 40% by weight of binder sand ternperature : 20.2C
e~77 ambient temperature : 20C
Relativs Humidit~ : 5~%
The ~ollowing results were obtained:-Binder Co~position Set Time Transverse Stren th ~kg/cm2) 5(M_nutes~ r ~ r ~
1h 2h 3h 4h 24h Z0 Z8 12 19 1-9 24 26.5 21 28 12.5 16 20 22 26 22 27 12.5 19 22 20 25 ~ 23 26 11 19.5 19.5 21,5 27 ' .`~. t-'
. ~ .,~ ,~ .
All proportions are parts by weight:-Furfuryl aleohol 55 49.5 46.75 44.0 Phenol-forrnaldehyde 45 40.5 33.25 3~.0 resol resin ~formaldehyde:
phen~l 3.1) Respin resin - 10 15 20 Silane (as Example 1) 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 The compositions were tested using the procedure of Example 1 under the following conditions:-binder : 1.2% by weight oP sand PTSA catalyst : 40% by weight of binder sand ternperature : 20.2C
e~77 ambient temperature : 20C
Relativs Humidit~ : 5~%
The ~ollowing results were obtained:-Binder Co~position Set Time Transverse Stren th ~kg/cm2) 5(M_nutes~ r ~ r ~
1h 2h 3h 4h 24h Z0 Z8 12 19 1-9 24 26.5 21 28 12.5 16 20 22 26 22 27 12.5 19 22 20 25 ~ 23 26 11 19.5 19.5 21,5 27 ' .`~. t-'
Claims (14)
1. A binder composition comprising furfuryl alcohol and a furfuryl alcohol-soluble coniferous wood resin produced from the wood of Araucaria Angustifolia.
2. A binder composition according to claim 1 which also includes glyoxal or formaldehyde.
3. A binder composition according to claim 1 which also includes urea-formaldehyde resin or precondensate and/or phenol-formaldehyde resole resin.
4. A binder composition according to any of claims 1 to 3 which also contains a diluent liquid.
5. A binder-composition according to claim 1 which contains by weight:
Furfuryl alcohol 15-95%
Coniferous wood resin 5-30%
produced from the wood of Araucaria Angustifolia Phenol-formaldehyde resole resin 0-60%
Urea-formaldehyde resin or precondensate 0-70%
Glyoxal or formaldehyde 0-20%
Diluent liquid 0-35%
Furfuryl alcohol 15-95%
Coniferous wood resin 5-30%
produced from the wood of Araucaria Angustifolia Phenol-formaldehyde resole resin 0-60%
Urea-formaldehyde resin or precondensate 0-70%
Glyoxal or formaldehyde 0-20%
Diluent liquid 0-35%
6. A binder composition according to claim 5 which contains by weight:
Furfuryl alcohol 70-95%
Coniferous wood resin produced from the wood of Araucaria Angustifolia 5-30%
Diluent liquid 0-10%
Furfuryl alcohol 70-95%
Coniferous wood resin produced from the wood of Araucaria Angustifolia 5-30%
Diluent liquid 0-10%
7. A binder composition according to claim 5 which contains by weight:
Furfuryl alcohol 50-90%
Coniferous wood resin produced from the wood of Araucaria Angustifolia 5-30%
Glyoxal or formaldehyde 5-20%
Diluent liquid 0-10%
Furfuryl alcohol 50-90%
Coniferous wood resin produced from the wood of Araucaria Angustifolia 5-30%
Glyoxal or formaldehyde 5-20%
Diluent liquid 0-10%
8. A binder composition according to claim 5 which contains by weight:
Furfuryl alcohol 15-90%
Coniferous wood resin produced from the wood of Araucaria Angustifolia 5-30%
Phenol-formaldehyde resole resin 0-60%
Urea-formaldehyde resin or precondensate 0-70%
Diluent liquid 0-30%
Furfuryl alcohol 15-90%
Coniferous wood resin produced from the wood of Araucaria Angustifolia 5-30%
Phenol-formaldehyde resole resin 0-60%
Urea-formaldehyde resin or precondensate 0-70%
Diluent liquid 0-30%
9. A binder composition according to any of claims 1 to 3 which includes a silane.
10. A binder composition according to any one of claims 1-3 in admixture with a sulphonic acid catalyst or an ammonium salt catalyst and a particulate refractory material.
11. A method of making a foundry mould or core which method comprises mixing together a particulate refractory material, a binder composition according to claim 1 and a catalyst, forming the resulting mixture to a desired shape, and causing or allowing the shape to harden.
12. A method according to claim 11 wherein the catalyst is a sulphonic acid and the mixture is allowed to harden at room temperature.
13. A method according to claim 11 wherein the catalyst is an ammonium salt and the mixture is hardened in a heated core-box.
14. A foundry mould or core when made by a method according to any of claims 11-13.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8033602 | 1980-10-17 | ||
| GB8033602 | 1980-10-17 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1161977A true CA1161977A (en) | 1984-02-07 |
Family
ID=10516748
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000387154A Expired CA1161977A (en) | 1980-10-17 | 1981-10-02 | Binder compositions |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| BR (1) | BR8106693A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1161977A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3140416A1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES506303A0 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2492289B1 (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1144845B (en) |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3057026A (en) * | 1959-04-02 | 1962-10-09 | Gen Motors Corp | Foundry process and molding mixture |
| US3278316A (en) * | 1960-03-21 | 1966-10-11 | Minerals & Chem Philipp Corp | Foundry sand composition |
| US4033925A (en) * | 1976-07-12 | 1977-07-05 | The Quaker Oats Company | Monomeric furfuryl alcohol-resorcinol foundry binders |
| CA1106530A (en) * | 1976-07-28 | 1981-08-04 | James Flood | Resin compositions |
| GB1568519A (en) * | 1976-12-21 | 1980-05-29 | Foseco Technik Ag | Resin-forming furfuryl alcohol compositions and their use in the production of foundry moulds and cores |
| US4175067A (en) * | 1977-08-17 | 1979-11-20 | The Quaker Oats Company | Curable binder for large foundry sand shapes |
| CH641699A5 (en) * | 1978-12-15 | 1984-03-15 | Gremolith Ag | Process for preparing an acid-hardening binder solution for foundry moulding materials |
-
1981
- 1981-10-02 CA CA000387154A patent/CA1161977A/en not_active Expired
- 1981-10-08 FR FR8118927A patent/FR2492289B1/en not_active Expired
- 1981-10-12 DE DE19813140416 patent/DE3140416A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1981-10-16 IT IT68346/81A patent/IT1144845B/en active
- 1981-10-16 ES ES506303A patent/ES506303A0/en active Granted
- 1981-10-16 BR BR8106693A patent/BR8106693A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2492289A1 (en) | 1982-04-23 |
| ES8303141A1 (en) | 1983-02-01 |
| DE3140416A1 (en) | 1982-07-22 |
| BR8106693A (en) | 1982-06-29 |
| IT8168346A0 (en) | 1981-10-16 |
| FR2492289B1 (en) | 1986-02-21 |
| IT1144845B (en) | 1986-10-29 |
| ES506303A0 (en) | 1983-02-01 |
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