CA1161332A - Controllable partial rebreathing anesthesia circuit and respiratory assist device - Google Patents
Controllable partial rebreathing anesthesia circuit and respiratory assist deviceInfo
- Publication number
- CA1161332A CA1161332A CA000365638A CA365638A CA1161332A CA 1161332 A CA1161332 A CA 1161332A CA 000365638 A CA000365638 A CA 000365638A CA 365638 A CA365638 A CA 365638A CA 1161332 A CA1161332 A CA 1161332A
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- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- tube
- fresh gas
- patient
- gases
- exhalation
- Prior art date
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- Respiratory Apparatuses And Protective Means (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
A method and apparatus for resuscitating, administering anesthesia to, or administering respiratory care to a patient is shown which allows greater rebreathing of mixed expired gases thus improving humidification and heat retention in the inspired gases. The inhalation breathing circuit may include two concentric, non-kinking, corrugated tubes, one visually apparent within the other, for handling both fresh gases and mixed expired gases of the patient or the inhalation breathing circuit may consist of a spiralled inflow tube contained within the wall of the larger exhalation corregated tube. An adjustable exhaust pressure valve maintains a predetermined pressure range for the gas being delivered to-and-fro between a breathing bag and the patient. Expired gases vent through an anesthesia bacterial filter or may be scavenged to prevent environmental pollution. Suctioning of the patient may be performed without interrupting the fresh gas flow or ventilation to the patient.
A method and apparatus for resuscitating, administering anesthesia to, or administering respiratory care to a patient is shown which allows greater rebreathing of mixed expired gases thus improving humidification and heat retention in the inspired gases. The inhalation breathing circuit may include two concentric, non-kinking, corrugated tubes, one visually apparent within the other, for handling both fresh gases and mixed expired gases of the patient or the inhalation breathing circuit may consist of a spiralled inflow tube contained within the wall of the larger exhalation corregated tube. An adjustable exhaust pressure valve maintains a predetermined pressure range for the gas being delivered to-and-fro between a breathing bag and the patient. Expired gases vent through an anesthesia bacterial filter or may be scavenged to prevent environmental pollution. Suctioning of the patient may be performed without interrupting the fresh gas flow or ventilation to the patient.
Description
7 The present invention is directed towards a controllable 8 partial rebreathing anesthesia system and respiratory assist 9 aevice. The rebreathing improves heating and humidificat~on of the inspired gases which is not obtained by prior systems.
11 The inhalation breathing circuit can be used in the field 12 during emergencies` or in the transportation of patients 13 requiring supplemental oxygen, ventilation, end-expired 14 pres5ure breathing, and tracheal suctioning, Por greater safety and eficiency, the invented device may be connected 16 to a control module as describea in ~.S. Patent No. 4,188,946.
18 A non-kinking corrugated tube is used as the fresh gas 19 flow line and is connected to the fresh air supply externally where the integrity of the connection can be visually seen 21 to avoid undetected disconnection. In aadition, the fresh 22 gas is delivered at the patient end by a substantially 23 perpendicular dischargé into the oscillatory flow of the 24 patient's exhalation gases and inhalation gases. Such a delivery conserves the exhaled humidity by giving a cool 26 circumferential screen of gas into which the patient exhales 27 thereby causing a condensing of humidity at the patient end, 28 prevents venturi gas flows which cou~d create a vacuum in 29 the exhalation tube that would be dangerous to certain patients, and efficiently mixes t~e gases.
- 31 The present invention pre~ents bacterial contamination 32 of the hospital and ventilator with exhaled gases by attachment ~ f an anesthesia bacterial filter, a dispos;able aerosal trap 1 or hospital suction tube upon the exhaust valve.
11 The inhalation breathing circuit can be used in the field 12 during emergencies` or in the transportation of patients 13 requiring supplemental oxygen, ventilation, end-expired 14 pres5ure breathing, and tracheal suctioning, Por greater safety and eficiency, the invented device may be connected 16 to a control module as describea in ~.S. Patent No. 4,188,946.
18 A non-kinking corrugated tube is used as the fresh gas 19 flow line and is connected to the fresh air supply externally where the integrity of the connection can be visually seen 21 to avoid undetected disconnection. In aadition, the fresh 22 gas is delivered at the patient end by a substantially 23 perpendicular dischargé into the oscillatory flow of the 24 patient's exhalation gases and inhalation gases. Such a delivery conserves the exhaled humidity by giving a cool 26 circumferential screen of gas into which the patient exhales 27 thereby causing a condensing of humidity at the patient end, 28 prevents venturi gas flows which cou~d create a vacuum in 29 the exhalation tube that would be dangerous to certain patients, and efficiently mixes t~e gases.
- 31 The present invention pre~ents bacterial contamination 32 of the hospital and ventilator with exhaled gases by attachment ~ f an anesthesia bacterial filter, a dispos;able aerosal trap 1 or hospital suction tube upon the exhaust valve.
2 The circuit may be used with an oxygen tank for trans-
3 portation of the patient from one location to another.
4 During transportation, positive end expiratory pressure can be maintained (via adaptability to a Carden valve).
6 An endotracheal tube elbow adapter is provided with a 7 stoppered and sealed evacuation portal, the top of which may be removed to allow tight fitting suction tubes and/or 9 flexible bronchoscopes to pass into the endotracheal tube and trachea for diagnosis and/or removal of secretions while 11 maintaining volumetric pressure and oxygenation of the 12 system. The lack of spring loaded type valves alleviates 1~ any difficulty concerning those types of springs malfunctioning.
Fig. 1 iB a perspective view of the invention showing 1~ concentric placement of the intake tube and expiration tube.
17 Fig. l(a) i8 a cross-sectional view of Fig. 1 taken 18 along lines l(a)-l(a).
19 Fig. 2 i6 a cross-sectional view of Fig. 1 along lines 2-2.
21 Fig. 3 shows a modification wherein an exhaust outlet 22 ¦ is attached to exhaust control valve.
23 ¦ Fig. 4 shows a modified version of the intake and 24 ¦ expiration portions of the invention.
25 ¦ Figs. 4(a) and 4(b) show cross-sectional views of 26 ¦ Fig. 4 along lines 4(a)-4(a) and 4~b)-4(b), respectively.
27 ¦ Fig. 5 shows an additional modified view of the intake 28 ¦ and expiration portions of the invention.
29 ¦ Figs. 5(a) and 5(b) show cross-sectional views of 30 ¦ Fig. 5 taken along lines 5(a)-5(a) and 5(b)-5(b), respectively.
31 ¦ Fig. 6 shows an additional modification of the intake 32 and expiration portions of the invention.
~ I 6 1 3 3 2 ~
l Fig. 6(a) is a cross-sectional view of Fig. 6 taken 2 along lines 6~a)-6(a).
DESCRIPTION OF THE P~EFERRED EMBODIMENT
4 The main components of the rebreathing device 10 are the elbow adapter 12, mixing connector 14, exhalation tube 6 16, intake tube 18, circuit connector 20, fresh gas adapter 7 22, exhaust control 24, ana reservoir bag 26 as shown in 8 Figs. 1 and 2.
9 ' Passage 28 of the elbow adapter 12 is adapted to fit upon or about a patient oral-input, such as a mask or an ,-11 endotracheal tube. Plug 30 fits securely within sealable 12, 5~ opening 32 and fits within retaining ring 34 to ensure a ~3 continued seal by plug 30. Sealable opening 32 i8 located 1~ generally upon the elongated ax~ 5 of passage 28 for allowing entry to the patient' B lungs wi'thout interrupting the supply lB of fresh gas to the patient.
17 ~he posterior end of the elbow adapter 36 fits securely 18 within mixing connector 14, which in turn fits securely l9 within the patient end of exhalation tube 16. Radial flanges 38 fit upon inner shoulder 40 of the mixing connector 21 14 to hold intake delivery 42 in place. The posterior end 22 ~of intake -delivery 42 fits within intake tube 18 which 23 delivers fresh gas through intake delivery 42 and out through 24 end p,ort'~3'and side ports 44.
Intake tube 18 is located concentrically through 26 exhalation tube 16, as shown in Eig. l(a), with sufficient 27 annular space between the tubes 16 and 18 to provide an air 28 passage from the patient having a predetermined reservoir 29 'capacity of air. Circuit connector 20 fits within exhalation tube 16 and upon exhaust control 24 as shown. Intake tube 31 18 is positioned through intake tube holder 46 and extends 32 I out o circuit connector 20 to a junction with fresh gas ~ 1613~2 1 adapter 22.
2 Exhaust control 24 consists of a pair of closely fitting ;-3 cylinders, inner cylinder 48 and outer cylinder 50. Cylinder 4 48 has a wedge-shaped opening 52 about which hole 54 of the 6 outer cylinder 50 may be rotated as a valve to give varying 6 outlet diameters from within to without exhaust control 24.
7 The outer portion of hole 54 is threaded to allow threadable B attachment of either a bacterial filter 56, as shown in 9 Figs. 1 and 2, or an exhaust outlet 58, as shown in Fig. 3, lG and which may be connected to an aerosal trap or a hospital 11 suction tube. Bacterial filter 56 comprises a radial stem 12 60 fitting within hole 54, filter 62, and filter housing 64.
~3 Openings 66 upon exhaust outlet 58 allow suction tubes to be 14 used upon it without creating a vacuum within the exhalation 1~ tube 16, 1~ Reservoir bag 26 fits upon the posterior end of exhaust 17 control 24 and is in communication therethrough with exhalation 18 passage 68.
19 In operation, predetermined volumés and pressures of oxygen or other selected gases are introduced through fresh 21 gas adapter 22, intake tube 18, and intake delivery 42, and 22 are radially discharged through end port 43 and side ports 44 to within exhalation passage 68. Intake delivery 42 is 24 located within exhalation passage 68 to be within the tidal exhalation/ inhalation distance from the patient and thus 26 the oxygen is inhaled by the patient. As oxygen enters the 27 exhalation/inhalation area of exhalation passage 68, like 28 quantities of expired gases are forced from exhalation 29 passage 68 through exhalation tube 68, wedge-shaped opening 52, hole 54, and bacterial filter 56. Reservoir bag 26 is 31 responsive to exhalation passage 68 pressure changes due to 32 1l patient respiration and patient respiration rate and volume ¦¦ can be observed and modified thereby.
l 1613~2 1 Attachment of fresh gas adaptor 22 upon compressed 2 corrugations of intake tube 18 upon the outside of the 3 device 10 allows the operator to maintain a visual check of 4 the attachment at all times. Intake tube 18 is colored (for instance, blue) so that the intake tube 18/intake e delivery 42 connection can be easily visualized. The 7 orientation of intake tube 18 away from the patient's oral 8 area is helpful in reducing clutter and confusion in the 9 oral area. Both tubes 16 and 18 are corrugated to reduce the probability of crimping, and exhalation *ube 16 is--- ---11 transparent to allow visual checking of the intake tube 12 18/intake delivery 42 connection.
~5 Prior art respiratory circuits normally direct incoming 14 gas directly at the patient. In the invented device 10, the radial discharge of incoming fresh gas through radially 1~ positioned ~ide ports 44, in addition to an end port 43, 17 cau~es the fresh gas to flow to within the oscillatory flo~
18 of the exhalation gases and inhalation gasex within the 19 patient end of exhalation tube 16. This prevents a venturi gas flow within exhalation tube 16 which could lead to a 21 pressure buildup at the patient end of e~halation tube 16.
22 This is esp~cially critical in treating small children who 23 cannot tolerate pressures appreciably above atmospheric 24 pressure without damage to their lungs. Because of the localized nature of such a venturi caused pressure buildup 26 at the patient end of the exhalation tube 16, the pressure 27 buildup is often undetected by prior art respirators. The 28 substantially perpendicular injection of the incoming fresh 29 gas also mi~es the fresh gas with the exhalation and inhalation gases much more efficiently than prior art respiratory circuits.
31 The 90 angle within elbow adapter 12 allows a linear ~2 l route entry to the patient' L lungY through sea1able '' ~5 1 opening 20, and passage 28 of elbow adapter 12 without 2 interruption o~ respiratory assistance~ Suctioning, obser-3 vation with a fiberoptic bronchoscope, or other treatments 4 through or upon the patient's oral area may thus occur during ventilation if the tools used seal sealable opening B 32.
7 Due to patient exhalation/inhalation, gas flow through 8 exhaust passage 68 will be partially oscillatory with the 9 patient rebreathing a portion of exhaled gases left within exhalation passage 68 and breathing an amount of fresh gases 11 delivered to exhalation passage 68 by intake tube 18 with-12 each breath. The radial discharge arrangement causes the ~3 warm humid exhalation gases to pass through a cool circumferentia 14 screen of fresh gas resulting in condensation and thus retention of the exhaled humidity. Humidification and heat 1~ retention problems attendant to fresh gas inhalation are 17 thereby reduced and inhaled gas humidity content is determined 18 by regulating the flow and composition of fresh gas, and 19 by the minute ventilation of the patient.
Reservoir bag 26 provides the system elasticity necessary 21 to accomodate patient inhalation/exhalation. A pressure 22 relief governor and/or alarm valve may be attached to the 23 device to insure the exhaust control is set to maintain 24 proper exhaust passage 68 pressure parameters and an oxygen sensor may be attached to monitor oxygen content of the 26 inspired gases.
27 It is additionally contemplated that a hand-held 28 resuscitator to ventilate the patient with or without a 29 separate oxygen supply may be created by attachment of a self-inflating bag in place of reservoir bag 26 and addition 31 of a Laeral type valve to the device 10 at the patient end 32 of exhalation tube 16. Further, a one-way check valve may be added to gas adapter 22 to prevent expired gases from _ ~ -6-1 l 1613~2 1 1 being expired back through gas adapter 22 to contaminate the 2 fresh gas source. After use the device may either be 3 disassembled for sterilization and reused in whole or in 4 part:, or it may be thrown away.
Figures 4-6(a) show alternative versions of the intake 6 and expiration portions of rebreathing device 10. Figs. 4, 7 4(a), and 4~b) show modified device 10(a) having a modified 8 intake delivery 42(a), modified intake tube 18(a), and a 9 modified circuit connector 20(a). Figs. 5, 5(a), and 5(b) show modified device 10(b) having modified intake 18(b) 11 molded within the external wall of modified exhalation tube 12 16(b). A mixing connector may be used or not used (as ~3 shown in Fig. 5), and modified intake delivery 42(b) is 14 formed by creating modified side ports 44~b) through modified exhau~t tube 16~b) and modified intake tube 18~b). Figs. 6 1~ and 6~a) show modified device 10~c) having-modified intake 17 tube 18~c) spiraled integrally with the wall of modified 18 exhalation tube 16~c). Other variations among device 10 and 19 modified devices 10~a), 10~b), and 10(c) are apparent from the drawings.
21 Preserved in all modifications are radial entry of 22 fresh gas into exhaust passage 68, visual means of checking 23 to assure the input circuit is complete, and means for 24 providing controlled rebreathing of portions of expired gas.
It is apparent from the above description that improvements 26 in the art of resuscitating, administering anesthesia to, or 27 administering respiratory care to a patient are achieved by 28 the instant invention. While the invention has been described 29 in connection with the preferred embodiment, it is not intended to limit the invention to the particular forms set 31 forth, but, on the contrary, it is intended to cover such 3~ alternatives, modifications, and equivalents as may be 11 1161332 ' I ~
1 included within the spirit and scope of the invention as I define by ~h appe~ded claims.
IDI ;
: 23
6 An endotracheal tube elbow adapter is provided with a 7 stoppered and sealed evacuation portal, the top of which may be removed to allow tight fitting suction tubes and/or 9 flexible bronchoscopes to pass into the endotracheal tube and trachea for diagnosis and/or removal of secretions while 11 maintaining volumetric pressure and oxygenation of the 12 system. The lack of spring loaded type valves alleviates 1~ any difficulty concerning those types of springs malfunctioning.
Fig. 1 iB a perspective view of the invention showing 1~ concentric placement of the intake tube and expiration tube.
17 Fig. l(a) i8 a cross-sectional view of Fig. 1 taken 18 along lines l(a)-l(a).
19 Fig. 2 i6 a cross-sectional view of Fig. 1 along lines 2-2.
21 Fig. 3 shows a modification wherein an exhaust outlet 22 ¦ is attached to exhaust control valve.
23 ¦ Fig. 4 shows a modified version of the intake and 24 ¦ expiration portions of the invention.
25 ¦ Figs. 4(a) and 4(b) show cross-sectional views of 26 ¦ Fig. 4 along lines 4(a)-4(a) and 4~b)-4(b), respectively.
27 ¦ Fig. 5 shows an additional modified view of the intake 28 ¦ and expiration portions of the invention.
29 ¦ Figs. 5(a) and 5(b) show cross-sectional views of 30 ¦ Fig. 5 taken along lines 5(a)-5(a) and 5(b)-5(b), respectively.
31 ¦ Fig. 6 shows an additional modification of the intake 32 and expiration portions of the invention.
~ I 6 1 3 3 2 ~
l Fig. 6(a) is a cross-sectional view of Fig. 6 taken 2 along lines 6~a)-6(a).
DESCRIPTION OF THE P~EFERRED EMBODIMENT
4 The main components of the rebreathing device 10 are the elbow adapter 12, mixing connector 14, exhalation tube 6 16, intake tube 18, circuit connector 20, fresh gas adapter 7 22, exhaust control 24, ana reservoir bag 26 as shown in 8 Figs. 1 and 2.
9 ' Passage 28 of the elbow adapter 12 is adapted to fit upon or about a patient oral-input, such as a mask or an ,-11 endotracheal tube. Plug 30 fits securely within sealable 12, 5~ opening 32 and fits within retaining ring 34 to ensure a ~3 continued seal by plug 30. Sealable opening 32 i8 located 1~ generally upon the elongated ax~ 5 of passage 28 for allowing entry to the patient' B lungs wi'thout interrupting the supply lB of fresh gas to the patient.
17 ~he posterior end of the elbow adapter 36 fits securely 18 within mixing connector 14, which in turn fits securely l9 within the patient end of exhalation tube 16. Radial flanges 38 fit upon inner shoulder 40 of the mixing connector 21 14 to hold intake delivery 42 in place. The posterior end 22 ~of intake -delivery 42 fits within intake tube 18 which 23 delivers fresh gas through intake delivery 42 and out through 24 end p,ort'~3'and side ports 44.
Intake tube 18 is located concentrically through 26 exhalation tube 16, as shown in Eig. l(a), with sufficient 27 annular space between the tubes 16 and 18 to provide an air 28 passage from the patient having a predetermined reservoir 29 'capacity of air. Circuit connector 20 fits within exhalation tube 16 and upon exhaust control 24 as shown. Intake tube 31 18 is positioned through intake tube holder 46 and extends 32 I out o circuit connector 20 to a junction with fresh gas ~ 1613~2 1 adapter 22.
2 Exhaust control 24 consists of a pair of closely fitting ;-3 cylinders, inner cylinder 48 and outer cylinder 50. Cylinder 4 48 has a wedge-shaped opening 52 about which hole 54 of the 6 outer cylinder 50 may be rotated as a valve to give varying 6 outlet diameters from within to without exhaust control 24.
7 The outer portion of hole 54 is threaded to allow threadable B attachment of either a bacterial filter 56, as shown in 9 Figs. 1 and 2, or an exhaust outlet 58, as shown in Fig. 3, lG and which may be connected to an aerosal trap or a hospital 11 suction tube. Bacterial filter 56 comprises a radial stem 12 60 fitting within hole 54, filter 62, and filter housing 64.
~3 Openings 66 upon exhaust outlet 58 allow suction tubes to be 14 used upon it without creating a vacuum within the exhalation 1~ tube 16, 1~ Reservoir bag 26 fits upon the posterior end of exhaust 17 control 24 and is in communication therethrough with exhalation 18 passage 68.
19 In operation, predetermined volumés and pressures of oxygen or other selected gases are introduced through fresh 21 gas adapter 22, intake tube 18, and intake delivery 42, and 22 are radially discharged through end port 43 and side ports 44 to within exhalation passage 68. Intake delivery 42 is 24 located within exhalation passage 68 to be within the tidal exhalation/ inhalation distance from the patient and thus 26 the oxygen is inhaled by the patient. As oxygen enters the 27 exhalation/inhalation area of exhalation passage 68, like 28 quantities of expired gases are forced from exhalation 29 passage 68 through exhalation tube 68, wedge-shaped opening 52, hole 54, and bacterial filter 56. Reservoir bag 26 is 31 responsive to exhalation passage 68 pressure changes due to 32 1l patient respiration and patient respiration rate and volume ¦¦ can be observed and modified thereby.
l 1613~2 1 Attachment of fresh gas adaptor 22 upon compressed 2 corrugations of intake tube 18 upon the outside of the 3 device 10 allows the operator to maintain a visual check of 4 the attachment at all times. Intake tube 18 is colored (for instance, blue) so that the intake tube 18/intake e delivery 42 connection can be easily visualized. The 7 orientation of intake tube 18 away from the patient's oral 8 area is helpful in reducing clutter and confusion in the 9 oral area. Both tubes 16 and 18 are corrugated to reduce the probability of crimping, and exhalation *ube 16 is--- ---11 transparent to allow visual checking of the intake tube 12 18/intake delivery 42 connection.
~5 Prior art respiratory circuits normally direct incoming 14 gas directly at the patient. In the invented device 10, the radial discharge of incoming fresh gas through radially 1~ positioned ~ide ports 44, in addition to an end port 43, 17 cau~es the fresh gas to flow to within the oscillatory flo~
18 of the exhalation gases and inhalation gasex within the 19 patient end of exhalation tube 16. This prevents a venturi gas flow within exhalation tube 16 which could lead to a 21 pressure buildup at the patient end of e~halation tube 16.
22 This is esp~cially critical in treating small children who 23 cannot tolerate pressures appreciably above atmospheric 24 pressure without damage to their lungs. Because of the localized nature of such a venturi caused pressure buildup 26 at the patient end of the exhalation tube 16, the pressure 27 buildup is often undetected by prior art respirators. The 28 substantially perpendicular injection of the incoming fresh 29 gas also mi~es the fresh gas with the exhalation and inhalation gases much more efficiently than prior art respiratory circuits.
31 The 90 angle within elbow adapter 12 allows a linear ~2 l route entry to the patient' L lungY through sea1able '' ~5 1 opening 20, and passage 28 of elbow adapter 12 without 2 interruption o~ respiratory assistance~ Suctioning, obser-3 vation with a fiberoptic bronchoscope, or other treatments 4 through or upon the patient's oral area may thus occur during ventilation if the tools used seal sealable opening B 32.
7 Due to patient exhalation/inhalation, gas flow through 8 exhaust passage 68 will be partially oscillatory with the 9 patient rebreathing a portion of exhaled gases left within exhalation passage 68 and breathing an amount of fresh gases 11 delivered to exhalation passage 68 by intake tube 18 with-12 each breath. The radial discharge arrangement causes the ~3 warm humid exhalation gases to pass through a cool circumferentia 14 screen of fresh gas resulting in condensation and thus retention of the exhaled humidity. Humidification and heat 1~ retention problems attendant to fresh gas inhalation are 17 thereby reduced and inhaled gas humidity content is determined 18 by regulating the flow and composition of fresh gas, and 19 by the minute ventilation of the patient.
Reservoir bag 26 provides the system elasticity necessary 21 to accomodate patient inhalation/exhalation. A pressure 22 relief governor and/or alarm valve may be attached to the 23 device to insure the exhaust control is set to maintain 24 proper exhaust passage 68 pressure parameters and an oxygen sensor may be attached to monitor oxygen content of the 26 inspired gases.
27 It is additionally contemplated that a hand-held 28 resuscitator to ventilate the patient with or without a 29 separate oxygen supply may be created by attachment of a self-inflating bag in place of reservoir bag 26 and addition 31 of a Laeral type valve to the device 10 at the patient end 32 of exhalation tube 16. Further, a one-way check valve may be added to gas adapter 22 to prevent expired gases from _ ~ -6-1 l 1613~2 1 1 being expired back through gas adapter 22 to contaminate the 2 fresh gas source. After use the device may either be 3 disassembled for sterilization and reused in whole or in 4 part:, or it may be thrown away.
Figures 4-6(a) show alternative versions of the intake 6 and expiration portions of rebreathing device 10. Figs. 4, 7 4(a), and 4~b) show modified device 10(a) having a modified 8 intake delivery 42(a), modified intake tube 18(a), and a 9 modified circuit connector 20(a). Figs. 5, 5(a), and 5(b) show modified device 10(b) having modified intake 18(b) 11 molded within the external wall of modified exhalation tube 12 16(b). A mixing connector may be used or not used (as ~3 shown in Fig. 5), and modified intake delivery 42(b) is 14 formed by creating modified side ports 44~b) through modified exhau~t tube 16~b) and modified intake tube 18~b). Figs. 6 1~ and 6~a) show modified device 10~c) having-modified intake 17 tube 18~c) spiraled integrally with the wall of modified 18 exhalation tube 16~c). Other variations among device 10 and 19 modified devices 10~a), 10~b), and 10(c) are apparent from the drawings.
21 Preserved in all modifications are radial entry of 22 fresh gas into exhaust passage 68, visual means of checking 23 to assure the input circuit is complete, and means for 24 providing controlled rebreathing of portions of expired gas.
It is apparent from the above description that improvements 26 in the art of resuscitating, administering anesthesia to, or 27 administering respiratory care to a patient are achieved by 28 the instant invention. While the invention has been described 29 in connection with the preferred embodiment, it is not intended to limit the invention to the particular forms set 31 forth, but, on the contrary, it is intended to cover such 3~ alternatives, modifications, and equivalents as may be 11 1161332 ' I ~
1 included within the spirit and scope of the invention as I define by ~h appe~ded claims.
IDI ;
: 23
Claims (6)
1. An inhalation breathing circuit for supplying fresh gases to a patient from a fresh gas supply line comprising:
a fresh gas tube;
an exhalation tube receiving said fresh gas tube therein;
first adapter means for connecting a first end of said fresh gas tube and said exhalation tube to said patient;
second adapter means for connecting said exhalation tube to a collapsible bag, said second adapter means having a main passage extending longitudinally therethrough and com-municating with said exhalation tube and with said bag and having a second passage extending outward from the main passage and forming an obtuse angle with an end portion of the passage connected to the exhalation tube, said second passage being smaller than said main passage, said second passage accommodating an end portion of the fresh gas tube remote from said first end thereof;
a further adapter inserted into said end portion of said fresh gas tube within said second passage and adapted for connection to said fresh gas supply line, the arrangement being such that the connection between said further adapter and the fresh gas tube is visible to attendants;
means for discharging fresh gas from said first end of said fresh gas tube into expired gases from the patient, said exhalation tube mixing said expired gases therein and simult-aneously during each breath removing some mixed-expired gases to said second adapter means; and exhaust control means in gaseous communication with said main passage and being adapted to control passage of gases from said inhalation breathing circuit.
a fresh gas tube;
an exhalation tube receiving said fresh gas tube therein;
first adapter means for connecting a first end of said fresh gas tube and said exhalation tube to said patient;
second adapter means for connecting said exhalation tube to a collapsible bag, said second adapter means having a main passage extending longitudinally therethrough and com-municating with said exhalation tube and with said bag and having a second passage extending outward from the main passage and forming an obtuse angle with an end portion of the passage connected to the exhalation tube, said second passage being smaller than said main passage, said second passage accommodating an end portion of the fresh gas tube remote from said first end thereof;
a further adapter inserted into said end portion of said fresh gas tube within said second passage and adapted for connection to said fresh gas supply line, the arrangement being such that the connection between said further adapter and the fresh gas tube is visible to attendants;
means for discharging fresh gas from said first end of said fresh gas tube into expired gases from the patient, said exhalation tube mixing said expired gases therein and simult-aneously during each breath removing some mixed-expired gases to said second adapter means; and exhaust control means in gaseous communication with said main passage and being adapted to control passage of gases from said inhalation breathing circuit.
2. The inhalation breathing circuit as given in claim 1 wherein said fresh gas tube and said exhalation tube are con-centrically arranged and are of a corrugated, non-kinking type;
compressed corrugations of said second end of said fresh gas tube providing said visible connection to said fresh gas supply line.
compressed corrugations of said second end of said fresh gas tube providing said visible connection to said fresh gas supply line.
3. The inhalation breathing circuit as given in claim 2 comprising bacteria filter means connected to said exhaust control means and being adapted to filter gases passing through said exhaust control means.
4. The inhalation breathing circuit as given in claim 3 wherein said exhaust control means include swivel valve means inserted between hand operable bag means and said second adapter means, pivotal motion of said swivel valve means regulating exhaust of gases from within said inhalation breathing circuit.
5. The inhalation breathing circuit as given in claim 4 wherein said first adapter is constructed and arranged to form an elbow connection and comprises a first end of said elbow connection connected to said first ends of said fresh gas tube and said exhalation tube, a second end of said elbow being adapted to connect to an endotracheal tube, and a seal-able opening located generally along an axis with said second end of said elbow connector for allowing entry to said patient's lungs without interrupting said supplying of said fresh gases to said patient.
6. The inhalation breathing circuit of claim 5 wherein said fresh gas discharged from said first end of said fresh gas tube is discharged substantially perpendicularly into the flow of said patient's inspired gases.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US06/106,286 US4320754A (en) | 1977-10-07 | 1979-12-21 | Controllable partial rebreathing anesthesia circuit and respiratory assist device |
| US106,286 | 1979-12-21 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1161332A true CA1161332A (en) | 1984-01-31 |
Family
ID=22310598
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000365638A Expired CA1161332A (en) | 1979-12-21 | 1980-11-27 | Controllable partial rebreathing anesthesia circuit and respiratory assist device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1161332A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101716390B (en) * | 2009-11-11 | 2012-05-30 | 广州医学院荔湾医院 | Self-service respiration caccule and self-service power-driven respiration system |
-
1980
- 1980-11-27 CA CA000365638A patent/CA1161332A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101716390B (en) * | 2009-11-11 | 2012-05-30 | 广州医学院荔湾医院 | Self-service respiration caccule and self-service power-driven respiration system |
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Effective date: 20010131 |