CA1158569A - Apparatus for the concentration of muds and suspensions - Google Patents
Apparatus for the concentration of muds and suspensionsInfo
- Publication number
- CA1158569A CA1158569A CA000373920A CA373920A CA1158569A CA 1158569 A CA1158569 A CA 1158569A CA 000373920 A CA000373920 A CA 000373920A CA 373920 A CA373920 A CA 373920A CA 1158569 A CA1158569 A CA 1158569A
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- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- scraper
- shaft
- drive
- tank
- arm
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Abstract
A b s t r a c t o f t h e D i s c l o s u r e The apparatus is suitably disposed within a circular tank and comprises a stationary bridge, a feed-ing bell, a mud scraper, driving means, and an optional foam scraping means. The apparatus is characterized in that it has a centrally suspended rotating mud scraper, which can be raised or lowered responsive to the load of the mud scraper, and additionally has at least one rotating arm. The mud scraper is disposed between the drive means, which travels-on a bearing path of the rim of the tank, and the feeding bell, which is support-ed by the shaft of the mud scraper. The feeding bell is preferably capable of vertical adjustment. The mud scraper is preferably provided with at least one row of a plurality of vertical stick-like members. The foam scraper is attached to the rotating arm. The apparatus preferably additionally contains means for automatically raising or lowering the mud scraper depending on the viscosity and density of the mud layer in contact with it.
Description
APPARATUS ~OR THE CONCEN~RA~ION O~ MUDS AND
SUSPENSIONS
The present invention provides an apparatus for the concentration of muds and su~pensions. The apparatus ~a~ utility in various field~ of technology /e.g. m~neral preparation, treatment of mud, etc./~
A variety of more or less different types of apparatu~e~ have been employed for the concentration oE
muds a~d ~u~pensions. ~hey differ principally in the mean~ emploged for securing movement of the mud scraper.
~rom this standpoint, prior art apparatuses for concent-ration of mud and suspensions can be arranged into three
SUSPENSIONS
The present invention provides an apparatus for the concentration of muds and su~pensions. The apparatus ~a~ utility in various field~ of technology /e.g. m~neral preparation, treatment of mud, etc./~
A variety of more or less different types of apparatu~e~ have been employed for the concentration oE
muds a~d ~u~pensions. ~hey differ principally in the mean~ emploged for securing movement of the mud scraper.
~rom this standpoint, prior art apparatuses for concent-ration of mud and suspensions can be arranged into three
- 2- llS85~9 groups:
a/ ~pparatuses in which the mud scraper i8 rotated by a centrol drive mechani~m by means of an axis which rotates wlth the apparatus. The electric motor /which provides the energy/ and the drive mechanism ~h~ch i9 usually of unitary constr~ction and is hereinafter referred to as the moving means/ are mounted on a bridge disposed over the concentrating tank and supported on the rim of the tank or on the standing 3haft. The mounting means drive~ the centrally located central shaft.
b/ Apparatuse~ having a centrally formed ~tanding shart.
The mud ~craper is rotated by a bridge ~upported by the shaft and by means of rollers on the rim of the tank.
c/ Apparatuse~ wherein exterior, not centrally located, movlng mean~ operates the mud scraper through the inter-po~ition o~ other mechanical components.
Opened Hungarian Patent Application Serial No.
T/16044 of Aluminiumipari describes an apparatus falling ~ithin a ~irst group a/. ~he apparatus is characterized b~ a rotatable central shaft, a mechanism for rotating the central sha~t and a raking arm connected to the cent-xal ~haft through a connecting element and provided with ~hovel blades. A coupling system is provided to enable a lifting o~ the raking arm by rotation around a single polnt ~o a~ to avoid overloading caused by the mud la~er.
Other centrally driven apparatuses are exempli-~ied by British Patent No~ 1 168 303 /DORR/, British Patent ~o. 1 453 593 /WARMAN/, and British Patent No.
_ 3_ 1~S85t,9 1 300 72~ /DORR/.
In the apparstus of British Patent No, 1 300 724 the mud scraper i~ rotsted along with a feeding bell by moving means lo¢sted on a stationsry bridge. The mud scrsper and the feeding bell are, however, rigidly connect-ed to a gusrd shaft. Consequently, it i8 not possible to vertically adjust it much le~s do ssme sutomatlcally.
An apparatus of the second group b/ i~ exempli-~ied by the spparatus of Vizgépészeti VallslQt. In ~uch apparatus, the bridge that supports and rotates tho mud scrspper is rotated by a drive ~hich runs alo~g the rim oi the tank. The apparatus of British Patent No.
1 177 770 /A~ES/ operstes on a similar prin¢iple.
British Patent No. 1 327 884 jMcNALLY/ illust-rates an appsrstus of group c/. In such appsratu~ an o~dless rope dri~e, completely independent from the ¢oncentrati~g tsnk, sssures rotsry movement of the mud s¢raper. The sppsratus is very complicated and has many sources of error.
British Patent No. 1 260 278 /PASSAVANT/ des-oribe~ sn apparatus ~hich employs a drive means ~hich though esterior to the mud scraping appsratus is origi-~ally connected to the concentrsting tsnk. In such appa-ratu~ the mud s¢raper is carried on and rotated by a revol~able ~upport mechanism which is centered on a bridgo o~er the tsnk by a centering means. The spparatus is charscterized in that ~t hss no other central means for support~ng the revolvable support mechanism. 80th ends .
~1158Sb9 of the revolvable support mechanism have to be supported. Under such circumstances, the revolvable support mechanism and its centering means must carry the entire weight of the mud scraper.
French Patent No. 2 255 932 /DORR/ can also be viewed as belonging to this group. In the apparatus of this patent the mud scraper is rotated by a centrally supported drag means driven on the rim of the tank. The mud scraper is connected to the drag means by ropes which enable the eventual rotation around one point and also enable it to be detoured when the mud accumulates. Lifting of the mud scraper is not insured in such apparatus.
The present invention seeks to remedy the drawbacks of heretofore known apparatuses. It provides a simple mechanical means for driving the mud scraper. The mechanical connection of the functional parts permits raising and lowering of the mud 8craper in a self-regulating manner. Alternatively the feeding bell can be automatically adjusted in response to varying operating and loading conditions on the mud scraper. The apparatus of the present invention is simpler and more easily regulatable than special central unitary rotating apparatuses of the prior art.
Additionally, the apparatus of the present invention is capable of broad use since it employs the building block principle.
More particularly according to a broad aspect of the present invention there is provided an apparatus for concentrating 81udge8 and suspensions comprising: a tank having a circular cross-8ection and a rim; a central rotatable vertical shaft in the tank;
means for supporting the shaft; a scraper in the tank and mounted from the shaft; a feeding bell mounted from the shaft; and means 11~8569 for rotating the scraper about the shaft; wherein the means for rotating the scraper is a drive mounted on and movable along the rim and a drive arm communicating at one end with the drive and at the other end with the shaft, the scraper and the arm being rotated about the shaft by the drive and the apparatus further contains means for moving the scraper along its vertical axis and means for determining leverage force acting on the drive arm bet-ween the central axis and the drive and activating the means for moving the scraper along its vertical axis when the leverage force reaches a predetermined value, said means for determining leverage force and activating the means for moving being a spring loaded arm connected at one end to the drive arm and at another end to the shaft, and a switch for activating the means for moving the scraper along its vertical axis, the spring loaded arm being con-nected to the switch, whereby when movement of the scraper is impeded, the central shaft is subjected to braking action which increases leverage force on the drive arm and when the leverage force reaches a predetermined ratio between the ends of the drive arm the spring loaded arm activates the switch which in turn activates the means for moving the scraper along its vertical axis.
In one embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention, the feeding bell can be adjusted vertically. In an-other embodiment, the mud scraper has a row or plurality of rows of vertical stick-like members. The drive means is comprised of one or more components including an electrical motor, a transmis-sion mechanism, a drive mechanism having replacable gears and, in a given case, running rollers having a resistant rubber surface, and other structural elements which provide for uniform peripheral B
`.
-. , .
~lS~S~g speed. The foam scraping means is preferably a fixed or tiltable scraping plow connected to the rotating arm and is either flat or has a convex curvature when viewed from the direction of rotation.
Preferably, it has a parabolical curvature.
Preferably, the apparatus additionally has a waterproof source of energy and means, regulated by the mud scraper, for auto-matically disconnecting the drive.
An embodiment of the mud and suspension concentrating apparatus of the present invention is hereinafter described with reference to the drawings in which:
Fig. 1 is a vertical cross-section of concentrating con-tainer or tank provided with a mud scraper.
Fig. 2 is a plan view of the container or tank of Fig.
1 with the rotating arm shown in a rotated position.
Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of a drive from the rotating arm.
Fig. 4 is a partial plan view of the concentrating tank showing the scraping plow.
Fig. 5 is a partial plan view of the rotating arm.
Fig. 6 is an enlarged view of the scraping shaft and the waterproof energy source.
As shown in Figs 1 and 2, mud scraper 20 is centrally suspended from the stationary bridge 11 which is supported on the tank 10. Rotating arm 18 is connected to a feeding bell 16 on one side and on the other side to a drive 12 which travels along a bear-ing path on the rim or edge of tank 10. Mud scraper 20 has a row of vertically extending stick-like members 22 ~nich serve to improve .
, ~i5~s~,g the efficiency of the concentration. By appropriate selection of the length of members 22 the constancy of the vertical dimension of the tank can be improved.
- 6a -~585~9 -- 7 -- i ~ he bottom of the container or tank 10 can be flat or can be of conical shape. With large tank~ 10, for example, tan~ of over 18 meter~ in diameter, two drives disposed oppo~ite one another can be provided.
The vertical adjustment of feeding bell 16 can be secured by means of , for e~ample, a rotating-free connection /not shown in the drawing/.
Fig. 3 shows the individual parts of drive 12.
~B The energy ~ provided by electric motor 38 through a clutch to drive mechanism 28. The rotary force o~ the drive mechanism 28 is transmitted through a drive sha~t . 30 and gears 26 to running rollers 36. An ad~usting rod.
34 enables adjustment of the drive 12 to adapt it to - tanks of various diameters. The aDgular deviat~on stemm-ing ~rom the change in tank diameter is equalized by a .
dri~e ~ha~t 30 bet~een the drive mechanism 28 and the runoing roller 36. E~ualizing means 32 built into-the running roller 36 are adapted to receive and equalize the variation~ ln angular velocity of~the drive shaft 30.
~ ig. 4 illustrates the apparatus o~ the prese~t entlon i~cluding a foam scraper 24. As shown in the drawing ioam scraper 24 is a tiltable convex parabolic ~¢raping plow when vie~ed ~rom the direction oi rotat.ion.
Foam ~craper 2~ i8 mounted on rotating arm 18 and con-~eque~tl~ does not require sepsrate drive mean~.
Fig. 5 illustrates the mean~ for automatic rais-ing and lowering of the mud scraper 20 in re~ponse to the instantaneou~ mud density In the depicted embodiment - ~ .
11~85b9 the rotary momentum i8 tran~ferred to the mud scraper 20 through a spring balance 40 connected to a switch which operates the motor which raises or lowers mud scraper 20, Thu3, automatic rai~ing or lowering of mud ~craper 20 is atta~ined utilizing the mechanical possibility created by the tran~mission relationships of rotating arm 18.
Fig. 6 shows the waterproof energy ~upply Or the apparatus of the present invention. Accordi~gly, the energy providing system of electric motor 38, which drives mud scrsper 20, is built on main shaft 31eeve 42.
The main shaIt sleeve 42 is supported on roller bearings disposed in a main shaft clo~et 44. The main shaft slee~es are provided with sliding retainer groove~ and are of hollow con~truction. Jlai~ shaft sleeve 42 carries an appropriate number of sliding rings 46 whi¢h are mounted in ani~lsulating fashion. ~in shaft sleeve 42 has a bore 48 through ~hich the cable *or the sliding ri~gs 46 is co~ducted to the protective pipe of the feeding bell 16 and irom there to the electric motor 38 and respecti~ely, to the spring balance 40 which controls the automatic llfting o~ the mud scraper. ~eeder cable 50 is conducted throùgh a waterproof bushing 52 to the connecting strip 54 in ~hicll carbon brushes are located bia~ed with a ~pri~g ~gainst sliding rings 46.
The concentrating apparatus of the present ~n~e~tion operates in the following manner:
~ he suspension i8 introduced through rotating feedinB bell 16 ~hich i~ di9po~ed on stationary bridge 11.
, ~. -~lS85~,9 Thi~ ensures dampi~g. It al90 ensures favourabie spreadingof the particles that are to be settled and accomplished this by preventing the creation of streams opposite to the direction o~ rotation of the mud scraper.
~ he solid phase settles 910wly in tank 10. Sepa- -ration of the solid phase can in a given case be promoted by addition of flocculant~. The continuous 910w rotation of mud scraper 20 also promotes ~eparation o~ the solid phase and ~imulteneously provide~ for movement of the al-ready separated solid phase toward~ the mud removal point.' ~ he mud scraper 20 has a row of vertical members 22 ~hich serve to prevent the already 3ettled solid phase fr,om being stirred up during'~low rotation of the mud scraper. Moreover, in the flake zone above the mechanism , the row of vertical'members 22 causes collision~ between the flake~. Coslescence of the flakes into a barrier lsyer~
~ith consequent rormstion of a zone which serves to hinder sedimentation, is thereby obviated. The row of vertical members 22 therefore serves to promote sedimentation.
With the increased use of ~locculating agents there i~ a corresponding increase in the danger of foaming.
The foam and the contaminents in the foam must be removed si~ce theg spoil the quality of the water spilling over the rim Or the tank. Poam removal is performed by a foam ~crapi~g mea~ or foam rakin~ plow 24 mounted on the rotating arm 18. ~am raking ploy 24 is suitably provided with a parabolic curvature and because of its convex shape /whe~ viewed from the d~rection of rotation/ it serve~ to' drive the foam toward the wall o~ the tank 10 and out of ".
;. ~
' - 10 - ~1585b9 the tank 10 through a conventional $oam removing channel /not shown/.
Mud scraper 20, when equipped with the drive snd structure called for by the present inventlon, can automatically ad~ust its height in tank 10 in accordance with the thickne~s /viscosity/ and density of the settled mud in the tank. If mud scraper 20 encounters increased res1stance it ~ill automatically raise itself and relieve the load oe~ it. After a corresponding amount Or mud i8 re-mo~ed Srom tank 10 mud scrsper 20 will then lower itself 1n the tank. This automatic positioning and, if desired ~ignali~g thereof, is csrried out by a momentum transrer mechsni~m di~posed between the rotating arm 18 aed the s¢raper a~is 14, and a suitably constructed el-ctrical suppleme~ting me¢hae~sm. The required adJustment is provi-ded by eleotri¢sl motor 56 and a me¢hanioal moving mecha-nism which i~ operatedthereby.
Suitable adjustment o~ feeding bell 16 must be csrried out in each case. ~his is particubrly the case when flocculating agents are employed. ~he ~ertical dimen-sion of sedimenters and concentrators i9 generally deter-mined by carrying out ~edimenting experiments. DimensioniDg i~ then carried out accordingly. In most osses, however, the ~uspe~ion which is actually employed in sedimentation plsnts dirfers ~rom that which is employed e~perimentally, becau~e oi variat~ons in industrial conditions. ~his diife-ren¢e would account for certain undesirable ef~ects which .
¢an be eliminated b~ ~ertical adjustment of the feeding bell 16.
. ..
, ., " , " .
, -, ,, . - , ~ ~ - ~,
a/ ~pparatuses in which the mud scraper i8 rotated by a centrol drive mechani~m by means of an axis which rotates wlth the apparatus. The electric motor /which provides the energy/ and the drive mechanism ~h~ch i9 usually of unitary constr~ction and is hereinafter referred to as the moving means/ are mounted on a bridge disposed over the concentrating tank and supported on the rim of the tank or on the standing 3haft. The mounting means drive~ the centrally located central shaft.
b/ Apparatuse~ having a centrally formed ~tanding shart.
The mud ~craper is rotated by a bridge ~upported by the shaft and by means of rollers on the rim of the tank.
c/ Apparatuse~ wherein exterior, not centrally located, movlng mean~ operates the mud scraper through the inter-po~ition o~ other mechanical components.
Opened Hungarian Patent Application Serial No.
T/16044 of Aluminiumipari describes an apparatus falling ~ithin a ~irst group a/. ~he apparatus is characterized b~ a rotatable central shaft, a mechanism for rotating the central sha~t and a raking arm connected to the cent-xal ~haft through a connecting element and provided with ~hovel blades. A coupling system is provided to enable a lifting o~ the raking arm by rotation around a single polnt ~o a~ to avoid overloading caused by the mud la~er.
Other centrally driven apparatuses are exempli-~ied by British Patent No~ 1 168 303 /DORR/, British Patent ~o. 1 453 593 /WARMAN/, and British Patent No.
_ 3_ 1~S85t,9 1 300 72~ /DORR/.
In the apparstus of British Patent No, 1 300 724 the mud scraper i~ rotsted along with a feeding bell by moving means lo¢sted on a stationsry bridge. The mud scrsper and the feeding bell are, however, rigidly connect-ed to a gusrd shaft. Consequently, it i8 not possible to vertically adjust it much le~s do ssme sutomatlcally.
An apparatus of the second group b/ i~ exempli-~ied by the spparatus of Vizgépészeti VallslQt. In ~uch apparatus, the bridge that supports and rotates tho mud scrspper is rotated by a drive ~hich runs alo~g the rim oi the tank. The apparatus of British Patent No.
1 177 770 /A~ES/ operstes on a similar prin¢iple.
British Patent No. 1 327 884 jMcNALLY/ illust-rates an appsrstus of group c/. In such appsratu~ an o~dless rope dri~e, completely independent from the ¢oncentrati~g tsnk, sssures rotsry movement of the mud s¢raper. The sppsratus is very complicated and has many sources of error.
British Patent No. 1 260 278 /PASSAVANT/ des-oribe~ sn apparatus ~hich employs a drive means ~hich though esterior to the mud scraping appsratus is origi-~ally connected to the concentrsting tsnk. In such appa-ratu~ the mud s¢raper is carried on and rotated by a revol~able ~upport mechanism which is centered on a bridgo o~er the tsnk by a centering means. The spparatus is charscterized in that ~t hss no other central means for support~ng the revolvable support mechanism. 80th ends .
~1158Sb9 of the revolvable support mechanism have to be supported. Under such circumstances, the revolvable support mechanism and its centering means must carry the entire weight of the mud scraper.
French Patent No. 2 255 932 /DORR/ can also be viewed as belonging to this group. In the apparatus of this patent the mud scraper is rotated by a centrally supported drag means driven on the rim of the tank. The mud scraper is connected to the drag means by ropes which enable the eventual rotation around one point and also enable it to be detoured when the mud accumulates. Lifting of the mud scraper is not insured in such apparatus.
The present invention seeks to remedy the drawbacks of heretofore known apparatuses. It provides a simple mechanical means for driving the mud scraper. The mechanical connection of the functional parts permits raising and lowering of the mud 8craper in a self-regulating manner. Alternatively the feeding bell can be automatically adjusted in response to varying operating and loading conditions on the mud scraper. The apparatus of the present invention is simpler and more easily regulatable than special central unitary rotating apparatuses of the prior art.
Additionally, the apparatus of the present invention is capable of broad use since it employs the building block principle.
More particularly according to a broad aspect of the present invention there is provided an apparatus for concentrating 81udge8 and suspensions comprising: a tank having a circular cross-8ection and a rim; a central rotatable vertical shaft in the tank;
means for supporting the shaft; a scraper in the tank and mounted from the shaft; a feeding bell mounted from the shaft; and means 11~8569 for rotating the scraper about the shaft; wherein the means for rotating the scraper is a drive mounted on and movable along the rim and a drive arm communicating at one end with the drive and at the other end with the shaft, the scraper and the arm being rotated about the shaft by the drive and the apparatus further contains means for moving the scraper along its vertical axis and means for determining leverage force acting on the drive arm bet-ween the central axis and the drive and activating the means for moving the scraper along its vertical axis when the leverage force reaches a predetermined value, said means for determining leverage force and activating the means for moving being a spring loaded arm connected at one end to the drive arm and at another end to the shaft, and a switch for activating the means for moving the scraper along its vertical axis, the spring loaded arm being con-nected to the switch, whereby when movement of the scraper is impeded, the central shaft is subjected to braking action which increases leverage force on the drive arm and when the leverage force reaches a predetermined ratio between the ends of the drive arm the spring loaded arm activates the switch which in turn activates the means for moving the scraper along its vertical axis.
In one embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention, the feeding bell can be adjusted vertically. In an-other embodiment, the mud scraper has a row or plurality of rows of vertical stick-like members. The drive means is comprised of one or more components including an electrical motor, a transmis-sion mechanism, a drive mechanism having replacable gears and, in a given case, running rollers having a resistant rubber surface, and other structural elements which provide for uniform peripheral B
`.
-. , .
~lS~S~g speed. The foam scraping means is preferably a fixed or tiltable scraping plow connected to the rotating arm and is either flat or has a convex curvature when viewed from the direction of rotation.
Preferably, it has a parabolical curvature.
Preferably, the apparatus additionally has a waterproof source of energy and means, regulated by the mud scraper, for auto-matically disconnecting the drive.
An embodiment of the mud and suspension concentrating apparatus of the present invention is hereinafter described with reference to the drawings in which:
Fig. 1 is a vertical cross-section of concentrating con-tainer or tank provided with a mud scraper.
Fig. 2 is a plan view of the container or tank of Fig.
1 with the rotating arm shown in a rotated position.
Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of a drive from the rotating arm.
Fig. 4 is a partial plan view of the concentrating tank showing the scraping plow.
Fig. 5 is a partial plan view of the rotating arm.
Fig. 6 is an enlarged view of the scraping shaft and the waterproof energy source.
As shown in Figs 1 and 2, mud scraper 20 is centrally suspended from the stationary bridge 11 which is supported on the tank 10. Rotating arm 18 is connected to a feeding bell 16 on one side and on the other side to a drive 12 which travels along a bear-ing path on the rim or edge of tank 10. Mud scraper 20 has a row of vertically extending stick-like members 22 ~nich serve to improve .
, ~i5~s~,g the efficiency of the concentration. By appropriate selection of the length of members 22 the constancy of the vertical dimension of the tank can be improved.
- 6a -~585~9 -- 7 -- i ~ he bottom of the container or tank 10 can be flat or can be of conical shape. With large tank~ 10, for example, tan~ of over 18 meter~ in diameter, two drives disposed oppo~ite one another can be provided.
The vertical adjustment of feeding bell 16 can be secured by means of , for e~ample, a rotating-free connection /not shown in the drawing/.
Fig. 3 shows the individual parts of drive 12.
~B The energy ~ provided by electric motor 38 through a clutch to drive mechanism 28. The rotary force o~ the drive mechanism 28 is transmitted through a drive sha~t . 30 and gears 26 to running rollers 36. An ad~usting rod.
34 enables adjustment of the drive 12 to adapt it to - tanks of various diameters. The aDgular deviat~on stemm-ing ~rom the change in tank diameter is equalized by a .
dri~e ~ha~t 30 bet~een the drive mechanism 28 and the runoing roller 36. E~ualizing means 32 built into-the running roller 36 are adapted to receive and equalize the variation~ ln angular velocity of~the drive shaft 30.
~ ig. 4 illustrates the apparatus o~ the prese~t entlon i~cluding a foam scraper 24. As shown in the drawing ioam scraper 24 is a tiltable convex parabolic ~¢raping plow when vie~ed ~rom the direction oi rotat.ion.
Foam ~craper 2~ i8 mounted on rotating arm 18 and con-~eque~tl~ does not require sepsrate drive mean~.
Fig. 5 illustrates the mean~ for automatic rais-ing and lowering of the mud scraper 20 in re~ponse to the instantaneou~ mud density In the depicted embodiment - ~ .
11~85b9 the rotary momentum i8 tran~ferred to the mud scraper 20 through a spring balance 40 connected to a switch which operates the motor which raises or lowers mud scraper 20, Thu3, automatic rai~ing or lowering of mud ~craper 20 is atta~ined utilizing the mechanical possibility created by the tran~mission relationships of rotating arm 18.
Fig. 6 shows the waterproof energy ~upply Or the apparatus of the present invention. Accordi~gly, the energy providing system of electric motor 38, which drives mud scrsper 20, is built on main shaft 31eeve 42.
The main shaIt sleeve 42 is supported on roller bearings disposed in a main shaft clo~et 44. The main shaft slee~es are provided with sliding retainer groove~ and are of hollow con~truction. Jlai~ shaft sleeve 42 carries an appropriate number of sliding rings 46 whi¢h are mounted in ani~lsulating fashion. ~in shaft sleeve 42 has a bore 48 through ~hich the cable *or the sliding ri~gs 46 is co~ducted to the protective pipe of the feeding bell 16 and irom there to the electric motor 38 and respecti~ely, to the spring balance 40 which controls the automatic llfting o~ the mud scraper. ~eeder cable 50 is conducted throùgh a waterproof bushing 52 to the connecting strip 54 in ~hicll carbon brushes are located bia~ed with a ~pri~g ~gainst sliding rings 46.
The concentrating apparatus of the present ~n~e~tion operates in the following manner:
~ he suspension i8 introduced through rotating feedinB bell 16 ~hich i~ di9po~ed on stationary bridge 11.
, ~. -~lS85~,9 Thi~ ensures dampi~g. It al90 ensures favourabie spreadingof the particles that are to be settled and accomplished this by preventing the creation of streams opposite to the direction o~ rotation of the mud scraper.
~ he solid phase settles 910wly in tank 10. Sepa- -ration of the solid phase can in a given case be promoted by addition of flocculant~. The continuous 910w rotation of mud scraper 20 also promotes ~eparation o~ the solid phase and ~imulteneously provide~ for movement of the al-ready separated solid phase toward~ the mud removal point.' ~ he mud scraper 20 has a row of vertical members 22 ~hich serve to prevent the already 3ettled solid phase fr,om being stirred up during'~low rotation of the mud scraper. Moreover, in the flake zone above the mechanism , the row of vertical'members 22 causes collision~ between the flake~. Coslescence of the flakes into a barrier lsyer~
~ith consequent rormstion of a zone which serves to hinder sedimentation, is thereby obviated. The row of vertical members 22 therefore serves to promote sedimentation.
With the increased use of ~locculating agents there i~ a corresponding increase in the danger of foaming.
The foam and the contaminents in the foam must be removed si~ce theg spoil the quality of the water spilling over the rim Or the tank. Poam removal is performed by a foam ~crapi~g mea~ or foam rakin~ plow 24 mounted on the rotating arm 18. ~am raking ploy 24 is suitably provided with a parabolic curvature and because of its convex shape /whe~ viewed from the d~rection of rotation/ it serve~ to' drive the foam toward the wall o~ the tank 10 and out of ".
;. ~
' - 10 - ~1585b9 the tank 10 through a conventional $oam removing channel /not shown/.
Mud scraper 20, when equipped with the drive snd structure called for by the present inventlon, can automatically ad~ust its height in tank 10 in accordance with the thickne~s /viscosity/ and density of the settled mud in the tank. If mud scraper 20 encounters increased res1stance it ~ill automatically raise itself and relieve the load oe~ it. After a corresponding amount Or mud i8 re-mo~ed Srom tank 10 mud scrsper 20 will then lower itself 1n the tank. This automatic positioning and, if desired ~ignali~g thereof, is csrried out by a momentum transrer mechsni~m di~posed between the rotating arm 18 aed the s¢raper a~is 14, and a suitably constructed el-ctrical suppleme~ting me¢hae~sm. The required adJustment is provi-ded by eleotri¢sl motor 56 and a me¢hanioal moving mecha-nism which i~ operatedthereby.
Suitable adjustment o~ feeding bell 16 must be csrried out in each case. ~his is particubrly the case when flocculating agents are employed. ~he ~ertical dimen-sion of sedimenters and concentrators i9 generally deter-mined by carrying out ~edimenting experiments. DimensioniDg i~ then carried out accordingly. In most osses, however, the ~uspe~ion which is actually employed in sedimentation plsnts dirfers ~rom that which is employed e~perimentally, becau~e oi variat~ons in industrial conditions. ~his diife-ren¢e would account for certain undesirable ef~ects which .
¢an be eliminated b~ ~ertical adjustment of the feeding bell 16.
. ..
, ., " , " .
, -, ,, . - , ~ ~ - ~,
Claims
OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. An apparatus for concentrating sludges and suspensions comprising:
a tank having a circular cross-section and a rim; a central rotatable vertical shaft in the tank; means for supporting the shaft; a scraper in the tank and mounted from the shaft; a feeding bell mounted from the shaft; and means for rotating the scraper about the shaft; wherein the means for rotating the scraper is a drive mounted on and movable along the rim and a drive arm com-municating at one end with the drive and at the other end with the shaft, the scraper and the arm being rotated about the shaft by the drive and the appara-tus further contains means for moving the scraper along its vertical axis and means for determining leverage force acting on the drive arm between the cen-tral axis and the drive and activating the means for moving the scraper along its vertical axis when the leverage force reaches a predetermined value, said means for determining leverage force and activating the means for moving being a spring loaded arm connected at one end to the drive arm and at another end to the shaft, and a switch for activating the means for moving the scraper along its vertical axis, the spring loaded arm being connected to the switch, whereby when movement of the scraper is impeded, the central shaft is subjected to braking action which increases leverage force on the drive arm and when the leverage force reaches a predetermined ratio between the ends of the drive arm the spring loaded arm activates the switch which in turn activates the means for moving the scraper along its vertical axis.
a tank having a circular cross-section and a rim; a central rotatable vertical shaft in the tank; means for supporting the shaft; a scraper in the tank and mounted from the shaft; a feeding bell mounted from the shaft; and means for rotating the scraper about the shaft; wherein the means for rotating the scraper is a drive mounted on and movable along the rim and a drive arm com-municating at one end with the drive and at the other end with the shaft, the scraper and the arm being rotated about the shaft by the drive and the appara-tus further contains means for moving the scraper along its vertical axis and means for determining leverage force acting on the drive arm between the cen-tral axis and the drive and activating the means for moving the scraper along its vertical axis when the leverage force reaches a predetermined value, said means for determining leverage force and activating the means for moving being a spring loaded arm connected at one end to the drive arm and at another end to the shaft, and a switch for activating the means for moving the scraper along its vertical axis, the spring loaded arm being connected to the switch, whereby when movement of the scraper is impeded, the central shaft is subjected to braking action which increases leverage force on the drive arm and when the leverage force reaches a predetermined ratio between the ends of the drive arm the spring loaded arm activates the switch which in turn activates the means for moving the scraper along its vertical axis.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000373920A CA1158569A (en) | 1981-03-26 | 1981-03-26 | Apparatus for the concentration of muds and suspensions |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000373920A CA1158569A (en) | 1981-03-26 | 1981-03-26 | Apparatus for the concentration of muds and suspensions |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1158569A true CA1158569A (en) | 1983-12-13 |
Family
ID=4119558
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000373920A Expired CA1158569A (en) | 1981-03-26 | 1981-03-26 | Apparatus for the concentration of muds and suspensions |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1158569A (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104474748A (en) * | 2014-12-23 | 2015-04-01 | 湖北鑫鹰环保科技股份有限公司 | Efficient thickener |
| CN110980840A (en) * | 2020-01-03 | 2020-04-10 | 成小芳 | Sludge scraping device for sewage treatment |
| CN113797608A (en) * | 2021-09-24 | 2021-12-17 | 南京艾德森水务有限公司 | Automatic mud scraper |
| CN114849291A (en) * | 2022-04-20 | 2022-08-05 | 陆懿范 | Peripheral transmission sludge suction scraper for sewage treatment |
-
1981
- 1981-03-26 CA CA000373920A patent/CA1158569A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104474748A (en) * | 2014-12-23 | 2015-04-01 | 湖北鑫鹰环保科技股份有限公司 | Efficient thickener |
| CN110980840A (en) * | 2020-01-03 | 2020-04-10 | 成小芳 | Sludge scraping device for sewage treatment |
| CN113797608A (en) * | 2021-09-24 | 2021-12-17 | 南京艾德森水务有限公司 | Automatic mud scraper |
| CN113797608B (en) * | 2021-09-24 | 2022-06-07 | 南京艾德森水务有限公司 | Automatic mud scraper |
| CN114849291A (en) * | 2022-04-20 | 2022-08-05 | 陆懿范 | Peripheral transmission sludge suction scraper for sewage treatment |
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