CA1155954A - Recording diskette having flocked-fiber wiping fabric - Google Patents
Recording diskette having flocked-fiber wiping fabricInfo
- Publication number
- CA1155954A CA1155954A CA000365493A CA365493A CA1155954A CA 1155954 A CA1155954 A CA 1155954A CA 000365493 A CA000365493 A CA 000365493A CA 365493 A CA365493 A CA 365493A CA 1155954 A CA1155954 A CA 1155954A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- jacket
- fibers
- diskette
- flocked
- wiping fabric
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 229920000297 Rayon Polymers 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002964 rayon Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002216 antistatic agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007767 bonding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000032798 delamination Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000006748 scratching Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000002393 scratching effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000003490 calendering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920006289 polycarbonate film Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920006267 polyester film Polymers 0.000 description 2
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920002799 BoPET Polymers 0.000 description 1
- JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acrylate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C=C JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004831 Hot glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000353097 Molva molva Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920012485 Plasticized Polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010410 dusting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000144992 flock Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007646 gravure printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100001261 hazardous Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000013101 initial test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- NAHBVNMACPIHAH-HLICZWCASA-N p-ii Chemical compound C([C@H]1C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)N[C@H](C(N[C@H]2CSSC[C@H](NC(=O)[C@H](CC=3C=CC=CC=3)NC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@H](CCCCN)NC(=O)[C@H](CC=3C=CC(O)=CC=3)NC2=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=2C=CC(O)=CC=2)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CSSC[C@@H](C(=O)N1)NC(=O)[C@H](CC=1C2=CC=CC=C2NC=1)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCNC(N)=N)NC(=O)[C@@H](N)CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(N)=O)=O)C(C)C)C1=CC=CC=C1 NAHBVNMACPIHAH-HLICZWCASA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pent‐4‐en‐2‐one Natural products CC(=O)CC=C PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011118 polyvinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
- G11B23/00—Record carriers not specific to the method of recording or reproducing; Accessories, e.g. containers, specially adapted for co-operation with the recording or reproducing apparatus ; Intermediate mediums; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for their manufacture
- G11B23/02—Containers; Storing means both adapted to cooperate with the recording or reproducing means
- G11B23/03—Containers for flat record carriers
- G11B23/033—Containers for flat record carriers for flexible discs
- G11B23/0332—Containers for flat record carriers for flexible discs for single discs, e.g. envelopes
Landscapes
- Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
Abstract
106,753 CAN/REG
Abstract The jacket of a magnetic recording diskette has as the wiping fabric a flocked-fiber layer. While prior diskettes have required individual pieces of wiping fabric to be adhered to individual sheets of jacket material, the flocked fiber layer can be applied to a roll of the jacket material continuously to provide roll stock from which individual jacket blanks can be die-cut. Prior diskettes have also been troublesome due to delamination of the fabric, scratching of the recording disk and torque variations, which problems are mitigated by the present invention.
Abstract The jacket of a magnetic recording diskette has as the wiping fabric a flocked-fiber layer. While prior diskettes have required individual pieces of wiping fabric to be adhered to individual sheets of jacket material, the flocked fiber layer can be applied to a roll of the jacket material continuously to provide roll stock from which individual jacket blanks can be die-cut. Prior diskettes have also been troublesome due to delamination of the fabric, scratching of the recording disk and torque variations, which problems are mitigated by the present invention.
Description
~ ~5~9~
--1- 106,753 CAN/R~:G
RECORDING DISKETTE E~AVING FLOCKED-FIBER WIPING FABRIC
AND METHOD OF MAKING
Technical Field This invention concerns recording media such as a diskette which comprises a flexible magnetic recording disk contained in a jacket to which is attached a wiping fabric in facing relationship to the disk~ A typical diskette is disclosed in U. S~ Patent No~ 3~663,658 Back~round The wiping fabric of No. 3,668,558 comprises a porous, low-friction, anti-static material which may be a :~
self-supporting dusting fabric. In most diskettes now on the market, the wiping fabric is fused to a sheet of the jacket material in point-contact patterns. Ultrasonic welding is sometimes employed instead of heat~ Whether laminated by heat or by ultrasonic welding, there have been problems such as (1) delamination of self-supporting fabrics from the diskette jacketsJ ~2) the fabric scratching the surface of the recording disk, especially by hard nodules created upon fusing the wiping abric to the jacket sheet, and (3) torque variations, especially when the fiber distribution in ~h~ fabric has been nonuniform. A fourth problem stems from the tendency of fibers to protrude from the wiping fabric into the jacket openingst thus creating the hazard that the protruding fibers mlght be picked up by the drive mechanism and become trapped at the gap of the recording headsO
~t is believed that all commercial diskettes are fabricated by cutting the wiping fabric to size and adhering the cut pieces one at a time to individual sheets of the jacket material, leaving edges of each jacket sheet uncovered~ Each sheet i5 then die-cut to provide a jacket blank; two edges which are not covered by the wiping ~abric are folded and heat-sealed or otherwise adhered to tha outer surface o the jacket blank to .
.
9 ~ ~
provide an envelope; the recording disk is inserted; and a third ~mcovered edge is folded and then adhered to the outer surface to enclose the disk.
There have been problems with adhesion of the folded edges to the underlying jacket material.
Disclosure of Invention The aforementioned problems may be eliminated in the present inven-tion, According to one aspect of the invention, there is provided a disk-ette which comprises a thin jacket containing a flexible recording disk and a ~iping fabric bonded to the jacket in facing relationship to the disk, charac-terized in that the wiping fabric comprises a layer of short, closely-spaced fibers, one end of each fiber being bonded directly to the jacket.
; ~ccording to another aspect of the invention there is provided a diskette jacket for a flexib]e recording disk) which jacket has wiping fabric bonded to its inner~facing surfaces, characterized in that the wiping fabric comprises a layer of short, closely~spaced fibers, one end of each fiber being bonded dîrectly to the jacket, According to another aspect of this invention there is provided a method of making diskettes comprising the steps of bonding a wiping -Eabric to jacket material, cutting this into jacket blanks and forming each blank into a jacket to enclose a recording disk permanently, characterized in that the iping fabric is bonded to the jacket material by applying a bonding agent to the jacket material to prGvide an adhesive layer and embedding short, closely spaced fibers into the adhesive layer, one end of each fiber being thus bonded d~rectly to the jacket material.
The flocked-fiber layer of the diskette-may comprise fibers which are predominantly 10 to 25 micrometers in diameter and 0.05 to 0.8 micrometers in length. In order to meet present diskette specifications, the flocked-~ 2 ~
"' ' ~5~
fiber ]ayer, including any adhesive added to bond it to the jacket, may increase the thickness of the jacket material about 0.15~0.3 D~D to provide an overall thickness of the jacket material with its flocked~fiber layer of 0.35-0.~5 mm.
It may be necessary to calender the flocked-fiber layer in order to reduce it to a desired thickness, thereby bending over free ends of the fibers which ; otherwise tend to be upstanding. Preferably the fibers of the flocked~fiber layer are densely packed to about 17-102 g/m2, If the fibers were too fine or too low-in density, ~he recording surface might not be kept sufficiently clean, and the bonding agent might be exposed to scratch the recording surface. If the fibers were too coarse or too high in density, there might be undesirable variability in the torque required to rotate the disk.
Especially useful fibers for the flocked~fiber layer are rayon, nylon, polyester, acrylic, COttOII and mixtures thereof.
The fibers may be attracted to the adhesive layer electrostatically or merely by gravity. It is preferred that there be a beater~bar beneath the jacket material to assist in driving the fibers into the viscous, tacky adhesive layer.
The bondin~ agent preferably i~ a water~based adhesive. A hot~melt adhesive may ~e used. The use of a solvent might ~e hazardous if the fibers are attracted to tlle adhesive layer electrostatically. However, the use of a sol~ent to activate the jacket material to an adhesive state provides certain kn~wn econom~es. I~ the Jacket material comprises paper or otherwise has a f~brous nature, an adhesive coating can serve the dual functions of integrating t~o~e fibers and adhering the flocked~fiber layer.
Preferably the fibers of the flocked-fiber layer are treated with an anti-static agent prior to flocking in order to provide a more uniform flocked~fiber layer, as is well known in the flocking art, That anti-static agent also enhances the ~leeding off of charges from the Dlagnetic recording ~ 3 '`
' : :
~ ~5~9~
disk of the diske-tte. Even so, it may be desirable to apply an additional anti-static coating to the fiber--flocked layer, preferably as an in-line process. Also as an in-line process and, if desired, simultaneously with application of an anti-static coating, a lubricant may be applied to the flocked-fiber layer as in British Patent specification No. 1,508,227.
The flocked~fiber layer may be applied to a roll of the jacket material continuously to provide roll stock from which individual jacket blanks can later be die~cu~. This should permit an economical advantage compared to the individual~jacket~sheet assembly procedures of the prior art.
lQ For economy of manufacture, the flocked~fiber layer may be applied to cover one face of the jacke~ material, the width of which may be a multiple of the width of an individual jacket. The fiber-flocked jacket material may then be wound up for convenient storage and shipment. The flocked jacket material may later be unwound and die~cut to provide individual jacket blanks, each of which is folded and adhesively bonded to itself to enclose a magnetic recording disk. If desired, adhesive material may be applied only to selected areas of the jacket material, as by a gravure printing process, thus effecting a small raw material savings in both the adhesive material and the fibers.
The need to maintain registration in the die~cukting step would offset at least partially that cost saying.
A diskette prepared according to these principles makes it more practical to use certain jacket materials that previously were believed to require uneconomical procedures, e.g., paper, polycarbonate film, and biaxially~
oriented polyester film. ~hen using paper, the adhesive base for the flocked-fiber layer can serve the additional function of stabilizing the paper~ a function wh~ch previously would have required a separate operation. Polycar-honate and polyester films have not been adaptable to prior techniques for applying wiping fabric.
-.` ?
9 ~ ~
Blief Description of Drawings Figure 1 schematically illustrates the application of a flocked~
fiber layer to jacket material;
Figure 2 schematically shows a diskette; and :'~
'. ~
:' .
.
,. ~;, . , . -:, .: . . :
'' ' , ' . ,~ . ' Fi~. 3 is an enlarged cross-section along lines 3--3 of Fig. 2.
Referring to Fig~ 1, jacket material 10 is unwound from a rol~ and coated with an adhesive composition at a hopper-fed-knife-coater 12. Fibers 14 fallin~ from a brush hopper 16 are electrostatically attracted to the adhesive layer 18 with the aid of electrodes 19. A beater-bar mechanism 20 beneath the jacket material 10 assists in driving the fibers into the adhesive layer 18 to provide a flocked-fiber layer 22.
An oven 24 drives of the water from the adhesive to bond the fibers to the jacket material. A cleaning station 26 removes loose fibers from both surfaces of the finished material which is then wound up into a roll 28.
The finished material of the roll 28 i5 later unwound and die cut to provide individual jacket blanks which are folded around a flexible magnetic recording disk 30 to provide a diskette 32 as seen in Fig. 2. A series of adhesive dots 34 bond the folded edges to the surface of the jacket.
Referring to Fig. 3, the jacket of the diskette 32 consists of the jacket material 10 and the flocked-fiber layer 22 (which includes the adhesive layer 18). The jacket material 10 at one side 35 of the diskette extends beyond and is folded around the other side 36 of the diskette and it~ overlapped fiber-flocked layer 22 is bonded by the adhesive 34 to the uncoated surface of the underlying jacket material 10. A better bond has been obtained than has been experienced in bonding olded edges in the prior art.
Example 1 Opa~ue plastici2ed polyvinyl chloride film of 0.275 mm thickness ~f the type used for flexible diskette jackets was knife-coated on one face with a water-borne acrylic-vinyl latex adhesive to a wet thickness of about 0.125 mm which by itsel would dry to a thickness of about 9 ~ ~
~6 0.075 mm. Random-cut cotton flock (14-24 micrometers in diameter and 0.05 0~4 mm in length) was electrostatically attracted to the adhesive coating which was tacky and viscous, and the fibers were embedded into the adhesive with the aid of beater bars~ After the flocked-fiber layer coat was dried in an air-circulating oven for 2 minutes at 50C., both surfaces were aggressively brushed and vacuumed to remove loose fibers, and the finished material was wound up into a stock roll.
The stock roll was later slit to a useful width, further cleaned, and then calendered to reduce the overall thickness of the jacket material with its flocked~fiber layer to 0.45 mm. Sheets cut from the roll were stacked and placed in an oven at about 52C. for two hours to 15 remove the roll-induced curl.
The sheets were die-cut to provide blanks which were folded and the two side flaps were sealed with a hot-melt adhesive. A magnetic recording disk was inserted, and the third flap was folded and sealed to 20 provide finished diskettes. The openings in the jackets appeared to be free from any fibers protruding from the flocked-fiber layer which could not be delaminated. In these respects the diskettes of Example 1 appeared to be superior to any diskette now on the market.
A number of diskettes of Example 1 were tested by rotating the jacket in the horizontal position while the disk was pinched between the two sides of the ~acket as in ANSI Specification No. X3B8/78-145. Diskette users generally specify ten million rotations without any 30 visible effect upon the magnetic recording disk. Not a single di.skette of Example 1 has failed this test even though many specimens have been tested for ten million rotations and some have been tested for 20 million rotations~
Initial tests suggest that the diskettes of this invention are at least equal in performance to all presently commercially available diskettes as to the ~ ~ 5 5 ~
--7~
torque required and the variability in the torque required to rotate the disk.
_amples 2-11 Various diskettes of the invention were made as in Example 1 except for changes indicated in the following table.
_ Jacket _ Pdhesive Thickness Thickness Example Material (mm) Material Wet (mm) Fibers
--1- 106,753 CAN/R~:G
RECORDING DISKETTE E~AVING FLOCKED-FIBER WIPING FABRIC
AND METHOD OF MAKING
Technical Field This invention concerns recording media such as a diskette which comprises a flexible magnetic recording disk contained in a jacket to which is attached a wiping fabric in facing relationship to the disk~ A typical diskette is disclosed in U. S~ Patent No~ 3~663,658 Back~round The wiping fabric of No. 3,668,558 comprises a porous, low-friction, anti-static material which may be a :~
self-supporting dusting fabric. In most diskettes now on the market, the wiping fabric is fused to a sheet of the jacket material in point-contact patterns. Ultrasonic welding is sometimes employed instead of heat~ Whether laminated by heat or by ultrasonic welding, there have been problems such as (1) delamination of self-supporting fabrics from the diskette jacketsJ ~2) the fabric scratching the surface of the recording disk, especially by hard nodules created upon fusing the wiping abric to the jacket sheet, and (3) torque variations, especially when the fiber distribution in ~h~ fabric has been nonuniform. A fourth problem stems from the tendency of fibers to protrude from the wiping fabric into the jacket openingst thus creating the hazard that the protruding fibers mlght be picked up by the drive mechanism and become trapped at the gap of the recording headsO
~t is believed that all commercial diskettes are fabricated by cutting the wiping fabric to size and adhering the cut pieces one at a time to individual sheets of the jacket material, leaving edges of each jacket sheet uncovered~ Each sheet i5 then die-cut to provide a jacket blank; two edges which are not covered by the wiping ~abric are folded and heat-sealed or otherwise adhered to tha outer surface o the jacket blank to .
.
9 ~ ~
provide an envelope; the recording disk is inserted; and a third ~mcovered edge is folded and then adhered to the outer surface to enclose the disk.
There have been problems with adhesion of the folded edges to the underlying jacket material.
Disclosure of Invention The aforementioned problems may be eliminated in the present inven-tion, According to one aspect of the invention, there is provided a disk-ette which comprises a thin jacket containing a flexible recording disk and a ~iping fabric bonded to the jacket in facing relationship to the disk, charac-terized in that the wiping fabric comprises a layer of short, closely-spaced fibers, one end of each fiber being bonded directly to the jacket.
; ~ccording to another aspect of the invention there is provided a diskette jacket for a flexib]e recording disk) which jacket has wiping fabric bonded to its inner~facing surfaces, characterized in that the wiping fabric comprises a layer of short, closely~spaced fibers, one end of each fiber being bonded dîrectly to the jacket, According to another aspect of this invention there is provided a method of making diskettes comprising the steps of bonding a wiping -Eabric to jacket material, cutting this into jacket blanks and forming each blank into a jacket to enclose a recording disk permanently, characterized in that the iping fabric is bonded to the jacket material by applying a bonding agent to the jacket material to prGvide an adhesive layer and embedding short, closely spaced fibers into the adhesive layer, one end of each fiber being thus bonded d~rectly to the jacket material.
The flocked-fiber layer of the diskette-may comprise fibers which are predominantly 10 to 25 micrometers in diameter and 0.05 to 0.8 micrometers in length. In order to meet present diskette specifications, the flocked-~ 2 ~
"' ' ~5~
fiber ]ayer, including any adhesive added to bond it to the jacket, may increase the thickness of the jacket material about 0.15~0.3 D~D to provide an overall thickness of the jacket material with its flocked~fiber layer of 0.35-0.~5 mm.
It may be necessary to calender the flocked-fiber layer in order to reduce it to a desired thickness, thereby bending over free ends of the fibers which ; otherwise tend to be upstanding. Preferably the fibers of the flocked~fiber layer are densely packed to about 17-102 g/m2, If the fibers were too fine or too low-in density, ~he recording surface might not be kept sufficiently clean, and the bonding agent might be exposed to scratch the recording surface. If the fibers were too coarse or too high in density, there might be undesirable variability in the torque required to rotate the disk.
Especially useful fibers for the flocked~fiber layer are rayon, nylon, polyester, acrylic, COttOII and mixtures thereof.
The fibers may be attracted to the adhesive layer electrostatically or merely by gravity. It is preferred that there be a beater~bar beneath the jacket material to assist in driving the fibers into the viscous, tacky adhesive layer.
The bondin~ agent preferably i~ a water~based adhesive. A hot~melt adhesive may ~e used. The use of a solvent might ~e hazardous if the fibers are attracted to tlle adhesive layer electrostatically. However, the use of a sol~ent to activate the jacket material to an adhesive state provides certain kn~wn econom~es. I~ the Jacket material comprises paper or otherwise has a f~brous nature, an adhesive coating can serve the dual functions of integrating t~o~e fibers and adhering the flocked~fiber layer.
Preferably the fibers of the flocked-fiber layer are treated with an anti-static agent prior to flocking in order to provide a more uniform flocked~fiber layer, as is well known in the flocking art, That anti-static agent also enhances the ~leeding off of charges from the Dlagnetic recording ~ 3 '`
' : :
~ ~5~9~
disk of the diske-tte. Even so, it may be desirable to apply an additional anti-static coating to the fiber--flocked layer, preferably as an in-line process. Also as an in-line process and, if desired, simultaneously with application of an anti-static coating, a lubricant may be applied to the flocked-fiber layer as in British Patent specification No. 1,508,227.
The flocked~fiber layer may be applied to a roll of the jacket material continuously to provide roll stock from which individual jacket blanks can later be die~cu~. This should permit an economical advantage compared to the individual~jacket~sheet assembly procedures of the prior art.
lQ For economy of manufacture, the flocked~fiber layer may be applied to cover one face of the jacke~ material, the width of which may be a multiple of the width of an individual jacket. The fiber-flocked jacket material may then be wound up for convenient storage and shipment. The flocked jacket material may later be unwound and die~cut to provide individual jacket blanks, each of which is folded and adhesively bonded to itself to enclose a magnetic recording disk. If desired, adhesive material may be applied only to selected areas of the jacket material, as by a gravure printing process, thus effecting a small raw material savings in both the adhesive material and the fibers.
The need to maintain registration in the die~cukting step would offset at least partially that cost saying.
A diskette prepared according to these principles makes it more practical to use certain jacket materials that previously were believed to require uneconomical procedures, e.g., paper, polycarbonate film, and biaxially~
oriented polyester film. ~hen using paper, the adhesive base for the flocked-fiber layer can serve the additional function of stabilizing the paper~ a function wh~ch previously would have required a separate operation. Polycar-honate and polyester films have not been adaptable to prior techniques for applying wiping fabric.
-.` ?
9 ~ ~
Blief Description of Drawings Figure 1 schematically illustrates the application of a flocked~
fiber layer to jacket material;
Figure 2 schematically shows a diskette; and :'~
'. ~
:' .
.
,. ~;, . , . -:, .: . . :
'' ' , ' . ,~ . ' Fi~. 3 is an enlarged cross-section along lines 3--3 of Fig. 2.
Referring to Fig~ 1, jacket material 10 is unwound from a rol~ and coated with an adhesive composition at a hopper-fed-knife-coater 12. Fibers 14 fallin~ from a brush hopper 16 are electrostatically attracted to the adhesive layer 18 with the aid of electrodes 19. A beater-bar mechanism 20 beneath the jacket material 10 assists in driving the fibers into the adhesive layer 18 to provide a flocked-fiber layer 22.
An oven 24 drives of the water from the adhesive to bond the fibers to the jacket material. A cleaning station 26 removes loose fibers from both surfaces of the finished material which is then wound up into a roll 28.
The finished material of the roll 28 i5 later unwound and die cut to provide individual jacket blanks which are folded around a flexible magnetic recording disk 30 to provide a diskette 32 as seen in Fig. 2. A series of adhesive dots 34 bond the folded edges to the surface of the jacket.
Referring to Fig. 3, the jacket of the diskette 32 consists of the jacket material 10 and the flocked-fiber layer 22 (which includes the adhesive layer 18). The jacket material 10 at one side 35 of the diskette extends beyond and is folded around the other side 36 of the diskette and it~ overlapped fiber-flocked layer 22 is bonded by the adhesive 34 to the uncoated surface of the underlying jacket material 10. A better bond has been obtained than has been experienced in bonding olded edges in the prior art.
Example 1 Opa~ue plastici2ed polyvinyl chloride film of 0.275 mm thickness ~f the type used for flexible diskette jackets was knife-coated on one face with a water-borne acrylic-vinyl latex adhesive to a wet thickness of about 0.125 mm which by itsel would dry to a thickness of about 9 ~ ~
~6 0.075 mm. Random-cut cotton flock (14-24 micrometers in diameter and 0.05 0~4 mm in length) was electrostatically attracted to the adhesive coating which was tacky and viscous, and the fibers were embedded into the adhesive with the aid of beater bars~ After the flocked-fiber layer coat was dried in an air-circulating oven for 2 minutes at 50C., both surfaces were aggressively brushed and vacuumed to remove loose fibers, and the finished material was wound up into a stock roll.
The stock roll was later slit to a useful width, further cleaned, and then calendered to reduce the overall thickness of the jacket material with its flocked~fiber layer to 0.45 mm. Sheets cut from the roll were stacked and placed in an oven at about 52C. for two hours to 15 remove the roll-induced curl.
The sheets were die-cut to provide blanks which were folded and the two side flaps were sealed with a hot-melt adhesive. A magnetic recording disk was inserted, and the third flap was folded and sealed to 20 provide finished diskettes. The openings in the jackets appeared to be free from any fibers protruding from the flocked-fiber layer which could not be delaminated. In these respects the diskettes of Example 1 appeared to be superior to any diskette now on the market.
A number of diskettes of Example 1 were tested by rotating the jacket in the horizontal position while the disk was pinched between the two sides of the ~acket as in ANSI Specification No. X3B8/78-145. Diskette users generally specify ten million rotations without any 30 visible effect upon the magnetic recording disk. Not a single di.skette of Example 1 has failed this test even though many specimens have been tested for ten million rotations and some have been tested for 20 million rotations~
Initial tests suggest that the diskettes of this invention are at least equal in performance to all presently commercially available diskettes as to the ~ ~ 5 5 ~
--7~
torque required and the variability in the torque required to rotate the disk.
_amples 2-11 Various diskettes of the invention were made as in Example 1 except for changes indicated in the following table.
_ Jacket _ Pdhesive Thickness Thickness Example Material (mm) Material Wet (mm) Fibers
2 PEr 0.15 A 0.15 nylon 10 3 PET 0.15 E 0.1 rayon I
4 PP 0,25 E 0.1 cotton PP 0.25 E 0~1 rayon II
6 PC O.25 B 0.125 rayon III
7 PVC 0.275 D 0.1 rayon I
15 8 PVC 0.175 C 0.1 cotton 9 PC 0.25 B 0.125 polyester ~I 0.175 C 0.125 cotton 11 P'II 0.25 C 0.1 cotton PET = opaque biaxially-oriented polyethylene terephthalate film PP = opaque biaxially-oriented low-density polypropylene film PC = opaque polycarbonate film PVC = opaque plasticized polyvinyl chloride film P-I = calendered manila paper made for tabulating card us~
P-II = latex-coa ed paper A = water borne acrylic latex~ A9% solids B = water-borne acrylic latex, 45~ solids C = water-borne acrylic latex, 43~ solids D = water-borne vinyl-acrylic la~ex of Example 1 E = water-borne ethyl acrylate/polyvinyl acetate latex, 5~% solids 9 ~ ~
nylon = randon~cut nylon, 11-19 micrometers in thickness and 0.25-0~625 mm in leng~h rayon I = random-cut rayon, 9-17 micrometers in thickness and 0.25-0.625 mm in length rayon II - precision-cut rayon, 1~ micrometers in thick-ness and 0.25 mm in length rayon III = precision-cut rayonJ 12 micrometers in thick-ness and 0.375 mm in length cotton - random-cut cotton of Example 1 0 polyester = precision-cut, cold-drawn polyethylene terephthalate, 17 micrometers in thickness and 0.5 mm in length Of the fibers used in the diskettes of Examples 1-11, cotton provided the softest fabric and hence caused the least amount of wear o~ the facing magnetic recording layer. Rayon provided nearly equal softness. Of the fibers, the free ends of the cotton had the greatest tendency to lie in the plane of the surace of ~he fabric As a consequence, frictional drag was desirably low. Of the fabrics of Examples 1-11, those made with cotton had the least directionality and hence provided the least variability in the torque required to drive the disko The random-cut rayon was nearly as good as cotton in this respect. Of the fabrics, those made with rayon best dissipated static charges, with cotton a close second.
Of the jacket materials, polyvinyl chloride was the easiest to handle in folding and showed the least tendency for th~ fold to open upon exposure to elevated temperatures. However, polyvinyl chloride was the most susceptible to damage if exposed to unusually high temperatures which might carelessly be encountered.
4 PP 0,25 E 0.1 cotton PP 0.25 E 0~1 rayon II
6 PC O.25 B 0.125 rayon III
7 PVC 0.275 D 0.1 rayon I
15 8 PVC 0.175 C 0.1 cotton 9 PC 0.25 B 0.125 polyester ~I 0.175 C 0.125 cotton 11 P'II 0.25 C 0.1 cotton PET = opaque biaxially-oriented polyethylene terephthalate film PP = opaque biaxially-oriented low-density polypropylene film PC = opaque polycarbonate film PVC = opaque plasticized polyvinyl chloride film P-I = calendered manila paper made for tabulating card us~
P-II = latex-coa ed paper A = water borne acrylic latex~ A9% solids B = water-borne acrylic latex, 45~ solids C = water-borne acrylic latex, 43~ solids D = water-borne vinyl-acrylic la~ex of Example 1 E = water-borne ethyl acrylate/polyvinyl acetate latex, 5~% solids 9 ~ ~
nylon = randon~cut nylon, 11-19 micrometers in thickness and 0.25-0~625 mm in leng~h rayon I = random-cut rayon, 9-17 micrometers in thickness and 0.25-0.625 mm in length rayon II - precision-cut rayon, 1~ micrometers in thick-ness and 0.25 mm in length rayon III = precision-cut rayonJ 12 micrometers in thick-ness and 0.375 mm in length cotton - random-cut cotton of Example 1 0 polyester = precision-cut, cold-drawn polyethylene terephthalate, 17 micrometers in thickness and 0.5 mm in length Of the fibers used in the diskettes of Examples 1-11, cotton provided the softest fabric and hence caused the least amount of wear o~ the facing magnetic recording layer. Rayon provided nearly equal softness. Of the fibers, the free ends of the cotton had the greatest tendency to lie in the plane of the surace of ~he fabric As a consequence, frictional drag was desirably low. Of the fabrics of Examples 1-11, those made with cotton had the least directionality and hence provided the least variability in the torque required to drive the disko The random-cut rayon was nearly as good as cotton in this respect. Of the fabrics, those made with rayon best dissipated static charges, with cotton a close second.
Of the jacket materials, polyvinyl chloride was the easiest to handle in folding and showed the least tendency for th~ fold to open upon exposure to elevated temperatures. However, polyvinyl chloride was the most susceptible to damage if exposed to unusually high temperatures which might carelessly be encountered.
Claims (8)
The embodiments of the invention in which an exclusive property or privilege is claimed are defined as follows:
1. A diskette which comprises a thin jacket containing a flexible recording disk and a wiping fabric bonded to the jacket in facing relationship to the disk, characterized in that the wiping fabric comprises a layer of short, closely-spaced fibers, one end of each fiber being bonded directly to the jacket.
2. A diskette as defined in claim 1, further characterized in that said fibers predominantly are 10 to 25 micrometers in diameter and 0.05 to 0.8 mm in length.
3. A diskette as defined in claims 1 or 2, further characterized in that the fibers of said layer are present in the amount of 17 to 102 g/m2.
4. A diskette as defined in claims 1, 2 or 3, further characterized in that said fibers are selected from at least one of rayon, nylon, polyester, acrylic and cotton.
5. A diskette jacket for a flexible recording disk, which jacket has wiping fabric bonded to its inner-facing surfaces, characterized in that the wiping fabric comprises a layer of short, closely-spaced fibers, one end of each fiber being bonded directly to the jacket.
6. A method of making diskettes comprising the steps of bonding a wiping fabric to jacket material, cutting this into jacket blanks and forming each blank into a jacket to enclose a recording disk permanently, characterized in that the wiping fabric is bonded to the jacket material by applying a bonding agent to the jacket material to provide an adhesive layer and embedding short, closely spaced fibers into the adhesive layer, one end of each fiber being thus bonded directly to the jacket material.
7. A method as defined in claim 6, further characterized in that the bonding agent is a water-borne adhesive and the fibers are embedded into the adhesive coating while it is tacky and viscous.
8. A method as defined in claim 6, further characterized in that the fibers are treated with an anti-static agent prior to being embedded into the adhesive coating.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US10675379A | 1979-12-26 | 1979-12-26 | |
| US106,753 | 1979-12-26 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1155954A true CA1155954A (en) | 1983-10-25 |
Family
ID=22313070
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000365493A Expired CA1155954A (en) | 1979-12-26 | 1980-11-26 | Recording diskette having flocked-fiber wiping fabric |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0042407A4 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPS56501817A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU6704381A (en) |
| BR (1) | BR8008993A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1155954A (en) |
| IT (1) | IT8050458A0 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1981001905A1 (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA808050B (en) |
Families Citing this family (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4413298A (en) * | 1981-05-05 | 1983-11-01 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Diskette jacket |
| JPS593756A (en) * | 1982-06-29 | 1984-01-10 | Shin Etsu Polymer Co Ltd | Magnetic disk cartridge |
| US4568994A (en) * | 1983-10-07 | 1986-02-04 | Memron, Inc. | Warp resistant-dimensionally stable jacket for magnetic recording disk |
| US4661874A (en) * | 1984-06-01 | 1987-04-28 | International Jensen Incorporated | Low friction cleaner for magnetic transducer head |
| US4845583A (en) * | 1987-05-07 | 1989-07-04 | Bonar Fabrics Corporation | Record diskette or disk jackets lined with powder bonded nonwoven fabrics |
| JPH0233784A (en) * | 1988-07-25 | 1990-02-02 | Hitachi Maxell Ltd | Disk cartridge |
| EP0386291B1 (en) * | 1989-03-08 | 1995-01-25 | Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd. | Liner for floppy disk and process for producing the same |
| US5060105B1 (en) * | 1990-04-16 | 1996-12-03 | Int Paper Co | Hybrid nonwoven diskette liner |
| US5311389A (en) * | 1990-04-16 | 1994-05-10 | International Paper Company | Hydroentangled fabric diskette liner |
| DE9110661U1 (en) * | 1991-08-29 | 1991-10-17 | BASF Magnetics GmbH, 6800 Mannheim | Protective cover for a disc-shaped recording medium, in particular for a flexible data recording medium |
| GB2268447B (en) * | 1992-07-02 | 1996-07-10 | Secr Defence | Packaging materials |
| ES2182253T3 (en) * | 1997-06-11 | 2003-03-01 | Ind Ilpea Espana S A | PROCEDURE FOR FLOCKING PROFILES AND PROFILE FLOCKED BY SUCH PROCEDURE. |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3224573A (en) * | 1965-03-31 | 1965-12-21 | David G Way | Envelopes for phonograph records |
| US3422952A (en) * | 1967-09-20 | 1969-01-21 | Stephen George | Protective record jacket |
| US3765922A (en) * | 1971-06-29 | 1973-10-16 | Dow Chemical Co | Method of forming flocked articles |
| GB1410020A (en) * | 1971-12-30 | 1975-10-15 | Ici Ltd | Record covers |
| GB1428138A (en) * | 1972-10-03 | 1976-03-17 | ||
| US3922410A (en) * | 1973-08-01 | 1975-11-25 | United Merchants & Mfg | Process for obtaining flocked fabrics and fabrics obtained therefrom |
| US3864755A (en) * | 1973-08-20 | 1975-02-04 | Memorex Corp | Thermoformed cartridge for a magnetic record disc |
| GB1500165A (en) * | 1974-05-10 | 1978-02-08 | Energy Sciences Inc | Process for curing of adhesives for flocking and texturing on heat-sensitive substrates by electron-beam radiation |
| GB1503669A (en) * | 1974-09-13 | 1978-03-15 | Ici Ltd | Pile surfaced products |
| US4034134A (en) * | 1975-10-07 | 1977-07-05 | United Merchants And Manufacturers, Inc. | Laminates and coated substrates |
-
1980
- 1980-11-24 JP JP81500447A patent/JPS56501817A/ja active Pending
- 1980-11-24 WO PCT/US1980/001586 patent/WO1981001905A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1980-11-24 AU AU67043/81A patent/AU6704381A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1980-11-24 BR BR8008993A patent/BR8008993A/en unknown
- 1980-11-24 EP EP19810900237 patent/EP0042407A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1980-11-26 CA CA000365493A patent/CA1155954A/en not_active Expired
- 1980-12-23 ZA ZA00808050A patent/ZA808050B/en unknown
- 1980-12-24 IT IT8050458A patent/IT8050458A0/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0042407A4 (en) | 1982-11-08 |
| JPS56501817A (en) | 1981-12-10 |
| WO1981001905A1 (en) | 1981-07-09 |
| ZA808050B (en) | 1982-01-27 |
| EP0042407A1 (en) | 1981-12-30 |
| AU6704381A (en) | 1981-07-22 |
| IT8050458A0 (en) | 1980-12-24 |
| BR8008993A (en) | 1981-10-20 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |