CA1149746A - Cosmetic sticks - Google Patents
Cosmetic sticksInfo
- Publication number
- CA1149746A CA1149746A CA000358161A CA358161A CA1149746A CA 1149746 A CA1149746 A CA 1149746A CA 000358161 A CA000358161 A CA 000358161A CA 358161 A CA358161 A CA 358161A CA 1149746 A CA1149746 A CA 1149746A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- composition according
- stick composition
- soap
- condensation product
- alcohol
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Abstract
COSMETIC STICKS
Ronald L. Sampson David L. Shelton ABSTRACT OF THE INVENTION
Stable, single phase soap gel cosmetic stick com-positions comprising a polyhydric aliphatic alcohol, an ethylene oxide and/or propylene oxide condensation product and soap. Such cosmetic sticks are easily pro-cessed as well as being stable.
Ronald L. Sampson David L. Shelton ABSTRACT OF THE INVENTION
Stable, single phase soap gel cosmetic stick com-positions comprising a polyhydric aliphatic alcohol, an ethylene oxide and/or propylene oxide condensation product and soap. Such cosmetic sticks are easily pro-cessed as well as being stable.
Description
7~
COSMETIC STICKS
Ronald L. Sampson Da~id L. Shelton Technical Field ~he present invention relates to cosmetic composi-tions in the form of solid sticks. The compositions herein comprise a polyhydric alcohol, an ethylene oxide and/or propylene oxide condensation product and soap.
Background Art Attempts have been made to realize cosmetic sticks which deliver active ingredients to the skin such as deodorant materials via a vehicle which glides easily over the skin surface and which imparts a cooling sensation to the skin both during and after application. Soap/alcohol gels can provide such cosmetic bene~its. Examples of soap gels are disclosed in U.S. Patent 2,732,327, January 24, 1956 to Teller;
U.S. Patent 2,857,315, October 21, 1958 to Teller;
U.S. Patent 2,900,306, August 18, 1959 to Slater; and U.S. Patent 2,970,083, January 31, 1961 to Bell.
While soap gels are old as evidenced by the above patents, such gels are not completely satisfactory.
Generally, soap gels reauire considerable time to set up and often exhibit syneresis at elevated temperatures.
~ , 7~
It is, therefore, an object of the present lnvention to provide cosmetic soap gel sticks which have reduced set-up times and syneresis while being aesthetically pleasing.
It has been surprisingly discovered that the above objective can be realized by formulating a stick comprising the ingredients described below.
All percentages used herein are by weight of the total composition unless otherwise designated.
Disclosure of Invention The present invention relates to a cosmetic gel stick composition comprising: A. from about 6% to about 70~ of an aliphatic, polyhydric alcohol having from 2 to 3 carbon atoms and from 2 to 3 hydroxyl groups; B. from about 3% to about 10% of a soap; and C. from about 20~ to about 80% of a condensation product having the formula HO(c2H4O)a(c3H6o)bR
wherein R i5 selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and hydrocarbon chains having from about 2 to about 20 carbon atoms, a and b are each from about 0 to about 35 and a+b is from about 5 to about 35.
Detailed Description of the Invention The essential elements of the cosmetic gel sticks of the present invention as well as optional components, composition preparation, and composition use are dis-cussed in detail below:
~ .q9~7~6 - 3 - : .;
Polyhydric Aliphatic ~lcohol An essential component of the present cosmetic gel stick compositions is a polyhydric aliphatic alcohol containing 2 or 3 carbon atoms and from 2 5 to 3 hydroxyl groups. The polyhydric aliphatic alcohol component of the stick comprises from about 6~ to about 70~, preferably from about 15% to 70%, by weight of the composition.
Suitable polyhydric alcohols for use in the gel - 10 compositions herein include ethylene glycol, propylene - glycol, trimethylene glycol, and glycerine. The most preferred polyol is propylene glycol.
Soap Another essential compon~nt of the compositions 15 herein is a gel forming agent. The gel forming agents used herein can be the sodium and potassium salts (i.e. soaps) of fatty acids containing from about 14 to 18 carbon atoms.
Soaps generally comprise from about 3% to about 20 10% by weight, preferably from about 4% to about 8% by weight of the composition. If soap concentrations lower than those specified are employed, the gels formed tend to be dimensionally unstable and tend to deform at summertime temperatures. If concentrations 25 of soap above those specified are utilized, the gels formed tend to be too hard and do not exhibit desirable ~glide and application characteristics.
The fatty acid portion of the soap gel forming agents should be essentially pure saturated or 30 unsaturated higher fatty acids having a C14 to C18 backbone. Suitable mixtures of such acids can be employed provided that such mixtures are free from significant proportions of other fatty acids of higher '7~6 or lower chain length which substantially adversely affect or neutralize the desired gel forming effects.
Examples of fatty acids useful in synthesizing the gel forminy agents herein include myristic, palmitic, stearic, oleic, linoleic, linolenic, margaric and the mixtures of such acids. Naturally occurring sources of such fatty acids include coconut oil, beef tallow, lanolin, fish oil, beeswax, palm oil, peanut oil, olive oil, cottonseed oil, soybean oil, corn oil, rapeseed oil, rosin acids, and greases. Conventional fractionation and/or hydrolysis techniques can be employed if necessary to obtain the requisite types of fatty acids from such materials.
Preferred fatty acid soap type gel forming agents include sodium stearate, sodium palmitate, potassium stearate, potassium palmitate and sodium myristate.
The most preferred gel forming agent is sodium stearate.
Ethylene Oxide and/or Propylene Oxide Condensation Product Still another essential component of the present composition is an ethylene oxide and/or propylene oxide condensation product having the following formula:
HO(C~H40)a(c3H6o)bR
wherein R is either hydrogen or a hydrocarbon chain having from about 2 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably from about 4 to 18, a and b are each from O to 35 and a+b is from 5 to 35.
. ~ .. .
A _ '7 Examples o such products are a condensate of about 14 moles of propylene oxide with about one mole of butyl alcohol sold by Union Carbide under the name Fluid A ~;
a polypropylene glycol having a molecular weigh~ of 120~;
a polyethylene glycol having a molecular weighL of 420;
a condensate of 20 moles of ethylene oxide and 5 moles of propylene oxid~ with one mole of cetyl alcohol; and a condensate of 15 moles of propylene oxide with one mole of stearyl alcohol. The preferred condensate is Fluid AP~
The condensation product is present in the compo-sitions of the present invention at a level of from about 20% to about 80%, preferably from about 30% to about 70~ by weight of the composition.
Optional Components The instant stick compositions can contain a variety of optional ingredients suitable for improving co~posi-tion efficacy, stability, cosmetics and~or aesthetics.
Such optional components include deodorant material, per-fumes, dyes, pigments, coloring agents and the like.
A highly preferred optional component of the instant compositions is a material which helps retard alcohol evaporation and which acts as an antisyneresis agent.
Especially preferred materials of this type are cellulose derivatives such as hydro~cyalkylcelluloses. Especially preferred materials of this type are hydroxypropylcellulose compounds having the chemical formula:
.
9~6 _ ~ C82~C~3 _~ I
s ~
COSMETIC STICKS
Ronald L. Sampson Da~id L. Shelton Technical Field ~he present invention relates to cosmetic composi-tions in the form of solid sticks. The compositions herein comprise a polyhydric alcohol, an ethylene oxide and/or propylene oxide condensation product and soap.
Background Art Attempts have been made to realize cosmetic sticks which deliver active ingredients to the skin such as deodorant materials via a vehicle which glides easily over the skin surface and which imparts a cooling sensation to the skin both during and after application. Soap/alcohol gels can provide such cosmetic bene~its. Examples of soap gels are disclosed in U.S. Patent 2,732,327, January 24, 1956 to Teller;
U.S. Patent 2,857,315, October 21, 1958 to Teller;
U.S. Patent 2,900,306, August 18, 1959 to Slater; and U.S. Patent 2,970,083, January 31, 1961 to Bell.
While soap gels are old as evidenced by the above patents, such gels are not completely satisfactory.
Generally, soap gels reauire considerable time to set up and often exhibit syneresis at elevated temperatures.
~ , 7~
It is, therefore, an object of the present lnvention to provide cosmetic soap gel sticks which have reduced set-up times and syneresis while being aesthetically pleasing.
It has been surprisingly discovered that the above objective can be realized by formulating a stick comprising the ingredients described below.
All percentages used herein are by weight of the total composition unless otherwise designated.
Disclosure of Invention The present invention relates to a cosmetic gel stick composition comprising: A. from about 6% to about 70~ of an aliphatic, polyhydric alcohol having from 2 to 3 carbon atoms and from 2 to 3 hydroxyl groups; B. from about 3% to about 10% of a soap; and C. from about 20~ to about 80% of a condensation product having the formula HO(c2H4O)a(c3H6o)bR
wherein R i5 selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and hydrocarbon chains having from about 2 to about 20 carbon atoms, a and b are each from about 0 to about 35 and a+b is from about 5 to about 35.
Detailed Description of the Invention The essential elements of the cosmetic gel sticks of the present invention as well as optional components, composition preparation, and composition use are dis-cussed in detail below:
~ .q9~7~6 - 3 - : .;
Polyhydric Aliphatic ~lcohol An essential component of the present cosmetic gel stick compositions is a polyhydric aliphatic alcohol containing 2 or 3 carbon atoms and from 2 5 to 3 hydroxyl groups. The polyhydric aliphatic alcohol component of the stick comprises from about 6~ to about 70~, preferably from about 15% to 70%, by weight of the composition.
Suitable polyhydric alcohols for use in the gel - 10 compositions herein include ethylene glycol, propylene - glycol, trimethylene glycol, and glycerine. The most preferred polyol is propylene glycol.
Soap Another essential compon~nt of the compositions 15 herein is a gel forming agent. The gel forming agents used herein can be the sodium and potassium salts (i.e. soaps) of fatty acids containing from about 14 to 18 carbon atoms.
Soaps generally comprise from about 3% to about 20 10% by weight, preferably from about 4% to about 8% by weight of the composition. If soap concentrations lower than those specified are employed, the gels formed tend to be dimensionally unstable and tend to deform at summertime temperatures. If concentrations 25 of soap above those specified are utilized, the gels formed tend to be too hard and do not exhibit desirable ~glide and application characteristics.
The fatty acid portion of the soap gel forming agents should be essentially pure saturated or 30 unsaturated higher fatty acids having a C14 to C18 backbone. Suitable mixtures of such acids can be employed provided that such mixtures are free from significant proportions of other fatty acids of higher '7~6 or lower chain length which substantially adversely affect or neutralize the desired gel forming effects.
Examples of fatty acids useful in synthesizing the gel forminy agents herein include myristic, palmitic, stearic, oleic, linoleic, linolenic, margaric and the mixtures of such acids. Naturally occurring sources of such fatty acids include coconut oil, beef tallow, lanolin, fish oil, beeswax, palm oil, peanut oil, olive oil, cottonseed oil, soybean oil, corn oil, rapeseed oil, rosin acids, and greases. Conventional fractionation and/or hydrolysis techniques can be employed if necessary to obtain the requisite types of fatty acids from such materials.
Preferred fatty acid soap type gel forming agents include sodium stearate, sodium palmitate, potassium stearate, potassium palmitate and sodium myristate.
The most preferred gel forming agent is sodium stearate.
Ethylene Oxide and/or Propylene Oxide Condensation Product Still another essential component of the present composition is an ethylene oxide and/or propylene oxide condensation product having the following formula:
HO(C~H40)a(c3H6o)bR
wherein R is either hydrogen or a hydrocarbon chain having from about 2 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably from about 4 to 18, a and b are each from O to 35 and a+b is from 5 to 35.
. ~ .. .
A _ '7 Examples o such products are a condensate of about 14 moles of propylene oxide with about one mole of butyl alcohol sold by Union Carbide under the name Fluid A ~;
a polypropylene glycol having a molecular weigh~ of 120~;
a polyethylene glycol having a molecular weighL of 420;
a condensate of 20 moles of ethylene oxide and 5 moles of propylene oxid~ with one mole of cetyl alcohol; and a condensate of 15 moles of propylene oxide with one mole of stearyl alcohol. The preferred condensate is Fluid AP~
The condensation product is present in the compo-sitions of the present invention at a level of from about 20% to about 80%, preferably from about 30% to about 70~ by weight of the composition.
Optional Components The instant stick compositions can contain a variety of optional ingredients suitable for improving co~posi-tion efficacy, stability, cosmetics and~or aesthetics.
Such optional components include deodorant material, per-fumes, dyes, pigments, coloring agents and the like.
A highly preferred optional component of the instant compositions is a material which helps retard alcohol evaporation and which acts as an antisyneresis agent.
Especially preferred materials of this type are cellulose derivatives such as hydro~cyalkylcelluloses. Especially preferred materials of this type are hydroxypropylcellulose compounds having the chemical formula:
.
9~6 _ ~ C82~C~3 _~ I
s ~
2~C~3 1 2 OC~2l c~3 C~27~C~3 _ _ N
and wherein N is sufficiently large such that the total molecular weight of the material ranges from about ~0,000 to 1,000,000. Such materials are sold under the 15 tradename of Klucel~ by Hercules Incorporated. If present, such alcohol evaporation retarding agents and anti-syneresis agents comprise from about 0.1% to 5.0%
by weight of the composition.
Another optional ingredient of the instant composi-20 tions is a conventional deodorant material. Suitable deodorants include bacteriostatic quaternary ammonium compounds such as cetyl-trimethylammonium bromide, cetyl pyridinium chloride, benzethonium chloride, diisobutyl phenoxy ethoxy ethyl dimethyl benzyl 2sammonium chloride, N-alkylpyridinium chloride, N-cetyl pyridinium bromide, sodium N-lauroyl sarcosine, sodium N-palmetoyl sarcosine, lauroyl sarcosine, N-hyristoyl glycine, potassium N-lauroyl sarcosine and stearyl ?~ ~ ~16 tri methyl ammonium chloride. If present, deodorants generally comprise from about 0.1~ to 1.0% by weight of the composition.
Another optional component is a short chain monohydric alcohol in an amount from about 0.1% to about 50.0%/
preferably from about 1.0% to about 40.0%. Suitable alcohols include methanol, ethanol, N-propanol and isopropanol. The preferred alcohol is ethanol.
Other optional ingredients such as perfumes, dyes, pigments, coloring agents and the like, if present, com~rise from about 0.1~ to 1.5% by weight of the compositions.
Method of Manufacture The gel sticks of the present invention are made by combining the ingredients in liquid form and pouring the mixture into a form having the desired shape. The present gel may be used as the gel portion of the antiperspirant sticks described and claimed in U.S. Patent 4,202,879, May 13! 1980 to Shelton. A preferred antiperspirant stick is where the present gel forms a shell around the antiper-spirant core.
Compos;tion Use The gel sticks herein are used by the consumer by rubbing the stick on the area of the body where application is desired. In the case of a deodorant stick the stick is rubbin the axilla area to apply the deodorant agent.
.3.~ 7~6 EXAMPLE S I -- VI I I
Given below are examples of compositions within the scope of the present invention. In addition, composi-tions containing similar materials as well as one which 5 does not contain an appropriate condensation product are shown.
- Formulae: I I II IV V VI VII Vlll Ethanol 20.0 7.5 - 20.0 - 20.0 20.0 ~ropylene 15.5 27.924.0 25.5 24.0 25.5 70.0 24.0 10 Glycol Fl~id AP~ 1 ~7.555.6 ~ -- 67.25 H~ tconol ~ . 25 47 . 5 - - - -~p~ 2 Carbitol~ 3 - - - -- 67.25 47.5 Sod~um 7,0 6.56.25 7.0 6.25 7.0 7.0 6.25 Stearate N~C. - 2.5 2.5 - 2.5 - 3.0 2.5 8et-up-time 2 g 35 45 38 17 30 8 ~n. ) l Condensation product of one mole of butyl alcohol with 14 moles of propylene oxide supplied by Union Carbide Corporation.
2 Condensation product of one mole of myristyl alcohol ~ith three moles of propylene oxide supplied by Witco Chemical Company.
and wherein N is sufficiently large such that the total molecular weight of the material ranges from about ~0,000 to 1,000,000. Such materials are sold under the 15 tradename of Klucel~ by Hercules Incorporated. If present, such alcohol evaporation retarding agents and anti-syneresis agents comprise from about 0.1% to 5.0%
by weight of the composition.
Another optional ingredient of the instant composi-20 tions is a conventional deodorant material. Suitable deodorants include bacteriostatic quaternary ammonium compounds such as cetyl-trimethylammonium bromide, cetyl pyridinium chloride, benzethonium chloride, diisobutyl phenoxy ethoxy ethyl dimethyl benzyl 2sammonium chloride, N-alkylpyridinium chloride, N-cetyl pyridinium bromide, sodium N-lauroyl sarcosine, sodium N-palmetoyl sarcosine, lauroyl sarcosine, N-hyristoyl glycine, potassium N-lauroyl sarcosine and stearyl ?~ ~ ~16 tri methyl ammonium chloride. If present, deodorants generally comprise from about 0.1~ to 1.0% by weight of the composition.
Another optional component is a short chain monohydric alcohol in an amount from about 0.1% to about 50.0%/
preferably from about 1.0% to about 40.0%. Suitable alcohols include methanol, ethanol, N-propanol and isopropanol. The preferred alcohol is ethanol.
Other optional ingredients such as perfumes, dyes, pigments, coloring agents and the like, if present, com~rise from about 0.1~ to 1.5% by weight of the compositions.
Method of Manufacture The gel sticks of the present invention are made by combining the ingredients in liquid form and pouring the mixture into a form having the desired shape. The present gel may be used as the gel portion of the antiperspirant sticks described and claimed in U.S. Patent 4,202,879, May 13! 1980 to Shelton. A preferred antiperspirant stick is where the present gel forms a shell around the antiper-spirant core.
Compos;tion Use The gel sticks herein are used by the consumer by rubbing the stick on the area of the body where application is desired. In the case of a deodorant stick the stick is rubbin the axilla area to apply the deodorant agent.
.3.~ 7~6 EXAMPLE S I -- VI I I
Given below are examples of compositions within the scope of the present invention. In addition, composi-tions containing similar materials as well as one which 5 does not contain an appropriate condensation product are shown.
- Formulae: I I II IV V VI VII Vlll Ethanol 20.0 7.5 - 20.0 - 20.0 20.0 ~ropylene 15.5 27.924.0 25.5 24.0 25.5 70.0 24.0 10 Glycol Fl~id AP~ 1 ~7.555.6 ~ -- 67.25 H~ tconol ~ . 25 47 . 5 - - - -~p~ 2 Carbitol~ 3 - - - -- 67.25 47.5 Sod~um 7,0 6.56.25 7.0 6.25 7.0 7.0 6.25 Stearate N~C. - 2.5 2.5 - 2.5 - 3.0 2.5 8et-up-time 2 g 35 45 38 17 30 8 ~n. ) l Condensation product of one mole of butyl alcohol with 14 moles of propylene oxide supplied by Union Carbide Corporation.
2 Condensation product of one mole of myristyl alcohol ~ith three moles of propylene oxide supplied by Witco Chemical Company.
3 Condensation product of one mole of butyl alcohol with two moles of ethylene oxide supplied by Union Carbide Corporation.
9'7 ~
_ g _ The above-mentioned compositions were made and poured into packages. The pour temperature of the compositions was 190F. in each case. After pouring, the units were allowed to set at room temperature until gel set up was observed.
Gel Set_up Time (Definition)_~
The time necessary for the gel to set up to the point where there are no visible signs of exudation -during trimming.
It is seen that the compositions containing Fluid have significantly shorter set-up times than do the other compositions. The shorter times result in easier gel processing.
WHAT IS CLAIMED IS:
. .
9'7 ~
_ g _ The above-mentioned compositions were made and poured into packages. The pour temperature of the compositions was 190F. in each case. After pouring, the units were allowed to set at room temperature until gel set up was observed.
Gel Set_up Time (Definition)_~
The time necessary for the gel to set up to the point where there are no visible signs of exudation -during trimming.
It is seen that the compositions containing Fluid have significantly shorter set-up times than do the other compositions. The shorter times result in easier gel processing.
WHAT IS CLAIMED IS:
. .
Claims (10)
1. A cosmetic gel stick composition comprising:
A. from about 6% to about 70% of an aliphatic, poly-hydric alcohol having from 2 to 3 carbon atoms and from 2 to 3 hydroxyl groups;
B. from about 3% to about 10% of a soap; and C. from about 20% to about 80% of a condensation product having the formula HO(C2H4O)a(C3H6O)bR
wherein R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and hydrocarbon chains having from about 2 to about 20 carbon atoms, a and b are each from about 0 to about 35 and a+b is from about 5 to about 35.
A. from about 6% to about 70% of an aliphatic, poly-hydric alcohol having from 2 to 3 carbon atoms and from 2 to 3 hydroxyl groups;
B. from about 3% to about 10% of a soap; and C. from about 20% to about 80% of a condensation product having the formula HO(C2H4O)a(C3H6O)bR
wherein R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and hydrocarbon chains having from about 2 to about 20 carbon atoms, a and b are each from about 0 to about 35 and a+b is from about 5 to about 35.
2. A stick composition according to Claim 1 which in addition contains from about 0.1% to about 1.0% of a deodorant material.
3. A stick composition according to Claim 2 wherein the level of polyhydric alcohol is from about 15% to about 70%, the level of soap is from about 4% to about 8%
and the level of the condensation product is from about 30% to about 70%.
and the level of the condensation product is from about 30% to about 70%.
4. A stick composition according to Claim 3 wherein the soap is selected from the group consisting of a sodium salt and a potassium salt of a fatty acid containing from about 14 to about 18 carbon atoms and R in the condensation product is hydrocarbon chain having from about 4 to about 18 carbon atoms.
5. A stick composition according to Claim 4 which in addition contains a monohydric alcohol selected from the group consisting of methanol, ethanol, isopropanol and n-propanol.
6. A stick composition according to Claim 4 wherein the polyhydric alcohol is selected from the group con-sisting of ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, tri-methylene glycol and glycerine.
7. A stick composition according to Claim 6 wherein the soap is selected from the group consisting of sodium stearate, sodium palmitate, sodium myristate, potassium stearate and potassium palmitate.
8. A stick composition according to Claim 7 wherein the polyhydric alcohol is propylene glycol.
9. A stick composition according to Claim 8 wherein the soap is sodium stearate.
10. A stick composition according to Claim 9 wherein the condensation product is the reaction product of one mole of butyl alcohol with about 14 moles of propylene oxide.
Applications Claiming Priority (6)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US6671079A | 1979-08-15 | 1979-08-15 | |
| US066,710 | 1979-08-15 | ||
| US12323880A | 1980-02-21 | 1980-02-21 | |
| US123,238 | 1980-02-21 | ||
| US164,613 | 1980-06-30 | ||
| US06/164,613 US4504465A (en) | 1980-02-21 | 1980-06-30 | Cosmetic sticks |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1149746A true CA1149746A (en) | 1983-07-12 |
Family
ID=27371024
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000358161A Expired CA1149746A (en) | 1979-08-15 | 1980-08-13 | Cosmetic sticks |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1149746A (en) |
| GR (1) | GR69842B (en) |
| MX (1) | MX151053A (en) |
| PH (1) | PH15702A (en) |
-
1980
- 1980-08-06 GR GR62622A patent/GR69842B/el unknown
- 1980-08-13 CA CA000358161A patent/CA1149746A/en not_active Expired
- 1980-08-14 MX MX18355180A patent/MX151053A/en unknown
- 1980-08-15 PH PH24448A patent/PH15702A/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| PH15702A (en) | 1983-03-14 |
| MX151053A (en) | 1984-09-18 |
| GR69842B (en) | 1982-07-19 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |