CA1149174A - Adhesive liner for case bonded solid propellant - Google Patents
Adhesive liner for case bonded solid propellantInfo
- Publication number
- CA1149174A CA1149174A CA000294277A CA294277A CA1149174A CA 1149174 A CA1149174 A CA 1149174A CA 000294277 A CA000294277 A CA 000294277A CA 294277 A CA294277 A CA 294277A CA 1149174 A CA1149174 A CA 1149174A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- liner
- hydroxy terminated
- aziridine
- terminated polybutadiene
- tlle
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B45/00—Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product
- C06B45/04—Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product comprising solid particles dispersed in solid solution or matrix not used for explosives where the matrix consists essentially of nitrated carbohydrates or a low molecular organic explosive
- C06B45/06—Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product comprising solid particles dispersed in solid solution or matrix not used for explosives where the matrix consists essentially of nitrated carbohydrates or a low molecular organic explosive the solid solution or matrix containing an organic component
- C06B45/10—Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product comprising solid particles dispersed in solid solution or matrix not used for explosives where the matrix consists essentially of nitrated carbohydrates or a low molecular organic explosive the solid solution or matrix containing an organic component the organic component containing a resin
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/67—Unsaturated compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/69—Polymers of conjugated dienes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L19/00—Compositions of rubbers not provided for in groups C08L7/00 - C08L17/00
- C08L19/006—Rubber characterised by functional groups, e.g. telechelic diene polymers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02K—JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02K9/00—Rocket-engine plants, i.e. plants carrying both fuel and oxidant therefor; Control thereof
- F02K9/08—Rocket-engine plants, i.e. plants carrying both fuel and oxidant therefor; Control thereof using solid propellants
- F02K9/32—Constructional parts; Details not otherwise provided for
- F02K9/34—Casings; Combustion chambers; Liners thereof
- F02K9/346—Liners, e.g. inhibitors
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Polyurethanes Or Polyureas (AREA)
- Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE: Bonding of hydroxy terminated polyvutadiene based propellant grains to rocket motor liners and of the liner to the motor case is greatly improved by incorporating an aziridine in a urethane cured hydroxy terminated polybutadiene based liner.
Description
BACI~GI~OUND OF THI~ INVENTION
In general, ease bonded solicl propellQnt grains possess g1eaier strenE,-th beeause of the additional support given by tlleir adherenee to the rocket motor CaSillg i21 WhiCIl tlley are eontainecl. To insure the lMa~imum strength ancl to prevcnt separation of the propellant grain Lrom tlle motor walls wl-ieh woulcl create voids alld therefore a potential for uneven burning, it is clesir,ll~le that - the propellant graill be bonded to the motor casing uniformly and firmly.
This is usually aecomplished by very careful cleaning ~uld clescaling Or the inside surrace of the metal motor casing, îollowecl by eoating tlle insicle surl`ace with a liner, normally the binder used for tlie propellant graill, then casting tlle propellant grain in plaee and euring. Tlle liner serves as a bonclil-g ag,CIlt l)CtWCCII Ll~c C.'lSillg alld tlle propellallli: graill, as all inhibito3 prcvclltillg burllillg dowll tlle outer surfaee Or the grain and as an ins-llator, proteetillg tlle casing from the hcat alld gases of combusLion when burning has progresse(l to tlle point at ~vhicll thc c~sin~ ~voulcl other~visc be ~xpo~;etl.
Tlle prest nt inventioll relates to case lincrs contailling ~ziricline compounds metllods for their formulatioll and use. The liners are formulatecl from hydroxy terminated polybutadiene based polyurethalle binders.
U. S. Patent 3, ~7~L,131 issued August 10 197(;, is rt?late(l to thc usc of vnrious acrylated aziridinyl mol~omers ancl polyniers and their use as n(lllesivt?
promoters in vinyl rormulations. The compounds contemplated for use in lhis invention are intended for use in enhancing the adhesivelless of polyurethnnes.
SUl\ll\lAI~ OF TIII~ INVENTION
The invention provides a composition of matter ~vhich comprises a liquid llydroxy terminated polybutadiene and an a%iridine.
The tangil~le embodunents of this composition aspect o~ the invt ntioll posscss the inhorellt.appliecl use characteristic of bcing curable with diisoc~an.l~c curing agents to produce solids which are suitable for use as casing liners in case bonded solid fuel rocket motors. t ' ' ` ' Particularly preferred embodiments of this composition aspect of tlle invention are those wherein the aziridine is selected from:
- Trimesoyl-1- (2 - ethyl -aziridine) Bis-,isophtllaloyl-1-(2-1nethyl)-aziridine, Bis-isosebacoyl-1-(2-etllyl)-aziridine, Bis-isosebacoyl-l-azlri(line, Tri- [-1- (2-methyl)-aziridillyl] -Phosphine oxide Bis-L1-(2-methyl)-aziridinyl]-ethyl sulfone, or polyfunctiollal aziridines PFAZ300 or PFAZ301-suppliecl by Iollac Chemical .
Comp:llly I3irmingllam New Jersey.
The invention also provides a process for case bonding a hyclro~;y tormillntctl polybutnclielle basecl polyuretllant bound solicl propellnllt grain to a rocl;cl l~otor casin~ wllicl~ comprises:
n) linillg a rochel motor casing to wl~icll it is desired to cnsc bolld saicl propellallt grnill witll a cured lincr comprising all a%iriclin(? ancl a f~
,. !. .
llyclro~iy tcr~ laLetl polyb~ltnclicno cul~ccl ~vitl- a polyisocynllnte CUl'illg ~ Ilt and;
b) CaStilig said hyclrox5~ terminatetl polybutacliene based propellant grnin in nn ullcured form in tlle clesiled configulation into said linecl rocl~ct motor; ancl c) curing said propellant grain.
The in~clltion also provides all improved ease bonded solid propellnnt rocket n~otor containing a hydro~-y termillated polybutadiene b~sed polyuretllane bo~uld propellallt g1ain wllerein tlle improvement comprises the incolporntioll Or an aziricline into tlle casing liller of saicl rocket motor. :
D~SCI~lPTION OF ~rlll~ PRI~F1~,~RI~:D EMBODII\IE::~TS
.
'1`1le practice Or tlle invention vill llOW be illustratQd ~vitll ref~lc-~llccl to a speciric embodin~ellt tllereof, namely a rocket motor casing liner comprisillg the hydro~y terminated polybutadiene based polyuretllane l)inder having thc trade designatioll R-45M and the aziridinc, trimesoyl-1-(2-etllyl)-aziriclillc.
Tlle llydro~y terminatcd polybutadiellc polymer 1~ 5~I is sold by Arco Cllemicnl Colllpnlly alld its structure may be representecl as:
/ C~I=CII\
I-IO--~CI12 C112) o 2 ~CIl2-fM) (cH2-cH=cll-cll2) 0 ~ --OI[
In general, ease bonded solicl propellQnt grains possess g1eaier strenE,-th beeause of the additional support given by tlleir adherenee to the rocket motor CaSillg i21 WhiCIl tlley are eontainecl. To insure the lMa~imum strength ancl to prevcnt separation of the propellant grain Lrom tlle motor walls wl-ieh woulcl create voids alld therefore a potential for uneven burning, it is clesir,ll~le that - the propellant graill be bonded to the motor casing uniformly and firmly.
This is usually aecomplished by very careful cleaning ~uld clescaling Or the inside surrace of the metal motor casing, îollowecl by eoating tlle insicle surl`ace with a liner, normally the binder used for tlie propellant graill, then casting tlle propellant grain in plaee and euring. Tlle liner serves as a bonclil-g ag,CIlt l)CtWCCII Ll~c C.'lSillg alld tlle propellallli: graill, as all inhibito3 prcvclltillg burllillg dowll tlle outer surfaee Or the grain and as an ins-llator, proteetillg tlle casing from the hcat alld gases of combusLion when burning has progresse(l to tlle point at ~vhicll thc c~sin~ ~voulcl other~visc be ~xpo~;etl.
Tlle prest nt inventioll relates to case lincrs contailling ~ziricline compounds metllods for their formulatioll and use. The liners are formulatecl from hydroxy terminated polybutadiene based polyurethalle binders.
U. S. Patent 3, ~7~L,131 issued August 10 197(;, is rt?late(l to thc usc of vnrious acrylated aziridinyl mol~omers ancl polyniers and their use as n(lllesivt?
promoters in vinyl rormulations. The compounds contemplated for use in lhis invention are intended for use in enhancing the adhesivelless of polyurethnnes.
SUl\ll\lAI~ OF TIII~ INVENTION
The invention provides a composition of matter ~vhich comprises a liquid llydroxy terminated polybutadiene and an a%iridine.
The tangil~le embodunents of this composition aspect o~ the invt ntioll posscss the inhorellt.appliecl use characteristic of bcing curable with diisoc~an.l~c curing agents to produce solids which are suitable for use as casing liners in case bonded solid fuel rocket motors. t ' ' ` ' Particularly preferred embodiments of this composition aspect of tlle invention are those wherein the aziridine is selected from:
- Trimesoyl-1- (2 - ethyl -aziridine) Bis-,isophtllaloyl-1-(2-1nethyl)-aziridine, Bis-isosebacoyl-1-(2-etllyl)-aziridine, Bis-isosebacoyl-l-azlri(line, Tri- [-1- (2-methyl)-aziridillyl] -Phosphine oxide Bis-L1-(2-methyl)-aziridinyl]-ethyl sulfone, or polyfunctiollal aziridines PFAZ300 or PFAZ301-suppliecl by Iollac Chemical .
Comp:llly I3irmingllam New Jersey.
The invention also provides a process for case bonding a hyclro~;y tormillntctl polybutnclielle basecl polyuretllant bound solicl propellnllt grain to a rocl;cl l~otor casin~ wllicl~ comprises:
n) linillg a rochel motor casing to wl~icll it is desired to cnsc bolld saicl propellallt grnill witll a cured lincr comprising all a%iriclin(? ancl a f~
,. !. .
llyclro~iy tcr~ laLetl polyb~ltnclicno cul~ccl ~vitl- a polyisocynllnte CUl'illg ~ Ilt and;
b) CaStilig said hyclrox5~ terminatetl polybutacliene based propellant grnin in nn ullcured form in tlle clesiled configulation into said linecl rocl~ct motor; ancl c) curing said propellant grain.
The in~clltion also provides all improved ease bonded solid propellnnt rocket n~otor containing a hydro~-y termillated polybutadiene b~sed polyuretllane bo~uld propellallt g1ain wllerein tlle improvement comprises the incolporntioll Or an aziricline into tlle casing liller of saicl rocket motor. :
D~SCI~lPTION OF ~rlll~ PRI~F1~,~RI~:D EMBODII\IE::~TS
.
'1`1le practice Or tlle invention vill llOW be illustratQd ~vitll ref~lc-~llccl to a speciric embodin~ellt tllereof, namely a rocket motor casing liner comprisillg the hydro~y terminated polybutadiene based polyuretllane l)inder having thc trade designatioll R-45M and the aziridinc, trimesoyl-1-(2-etllyl)-aziriclillc.
Tlle llydro~y terminatcd polybutadiellc polymer 1~ 5~I is sold by Arco Cllemicnl Colllpnlly alld its structure may be representecl as:
/ C~I=CII\
I-IO--~CI12 C112) o 2 ~CIl2-fM) (cH2-cH=cll-cll2) 0 ~ --OI[
2 0 C H=C II2 The R-~5M is blcnded ~Vitll tlle trimesoyl-1-(2-ethyl)-aziridille, a eonventional diisoeynnate euring agent, convenielltly DDI, a C3G licluid alipll;llic diisocymlatc sold by General Mills, and, if desired, ol1e or more fillers SUCII
as carboll black. Tlle l)lended compositioll is vàci~um degassecl and cast ns n lincr into a previously desealecl and degreased steel rocl;et motor CaSin ancl curccl ~t c~]cvntc(l lcml)c~ o :Erom (il~ollt 1~l5F t.o al~out 200F. After CU~C or p.lltinl Cll1C
i.s colnplclc a llyclro~y tcr~ lntcd polybutndiellc basccl propellIlnt g,rnill~ S-IC~ s, IOr c~;amplc, a propcllant consisling of ~ 5~ ns a binclcl rnnging from 81/2 lo al)o~lt 2-1-% l~y wciollt nnd incluclillg SUCII COnVelltiOIlnl COnlpOUlldillg ingredielltS .lS diocly :~o adipatc as a plasticizer, a polyisocyanate curing agent sucll as isopllorolle 93~7';~
~iisocy.lllate or the al)o~c mentiollcd DI:~I up to abollt 2(ii, l)y wci~,rht, al) o~idi~Ac sllcll as, ammolli~lm pcrclllolate u~ to 75 to 90'~,. b~ ciL~I~l, if dcsilc(l, ~ oriio of metallic fuel such as aluuninum metal, and othel conventiollal coml~ustion stabili; ers, ilanle coolants alld tl~e like may be cast nncl c~recl in l~lacc ill tllc lined motor in conventional fashion.
In addition to the R-45M l~inder specifically illustrated herein, it ~\!ill bc obvious to one skilled in the art that any liquid hydroxy terminated polybutadicl1e polymer lulown to be uscful for propellant grain bindin~ will bc applic.lblc in lhe invention. Illustrati~re of these polymers are, for example, those sold under thc -:
trade desienations R-45HT, R-15M, CS-15, by Arco Chemical Company, and Butarez HTS by Phillips Petroleum Company. It will similarly be eYklellt to one skilled in the art that in addition to the DDI illustrated herein any poly-isocyanate may bc used to effect cure of the binder. Illustrati-~e of other suitnblc polyisocyanates are, Eor example, isophorone diisocyanate, hexamethylenc diisocyanate, PAPI polymeric diisocyanates sold by the l~pjolm Company and Desmodule N-100 a polyisocyanate sold by I. G. Farben Industries, and also such isocyanates as: 1-methoxyphenyl-2, 4-diisocyanate, 1 methyl-4-metllo.~y-phenyl-2,5-diisocyanate, 1-ethoxyphenyl-2,1-diisocyanate, 1,3-dimethoxypllenyl-4,~-diisocy~late, 1,4-dimethoxyphenyl-2,5-diisocyallate, 1-propoxyphenyl-2,4-20 diisocyanate, 1-isobutoxy-2, 4-diisocyanate, 1, 4-diethoxyphenyl-2, 5-diisocyallntc, toluene-2,4-diisocyanate, toluene-2,G-diisocy~ulate, diphenyletller-2?4-diisocy ~ atc, naphthalellc-1,4-diisocyanate, 1,1'-dinaplltllalcne-2,2'-diisocyanate, bipllcnyl-2,4-diisocyanate, 3,3'-dimethylbipllenyl-~,4'-diisocyanate, 3,3'-dimethoAybipllellyl-~,4'-diisocy~nate, cliphenylmetllalle-4,4'-diisocyanate, diphenylmethane-2,d~'-diisocyanate, dipllellylmetllane-2, 2 ' -diisocyanate, 3, 3 ' -dimetho~y diphenylmethane-4, ~ ' -diisocyanate, ben~ophenolle-3,3'-diisocyanate, ethylene diisocyanate, propylene diisocyanate, b~ rlcne diisocy~nate, pelltylellc diisocyannte, metllyll~-ltylcnc di-isocyanntc, tctr,llllctllylelle diisocyallate, pentametllylcne ùiisocyan;ltc, dil~ropyl diisocymlntc ethcr, hel)t~llletllylene diisocyallate, 2,2-dimctllylpelltylene di-.
isocyanatc9 3-methoxy-llcxametllylene diisocyanate, octamethylcnè diisocyanatc, . ,. *.,".
L~'19~74 2"2, l~ imctlly1pentylenc cliisocy.~ lc, 3~ loxylle~ mctllylelle ~li;socynll.lte, 1,3-din ctllylbc~ .cne diisocynllnlc, l,~,!-dimet,!lyl ben%elle cliisocyanatcl, 1"'-dim etllyleyelohexnlle diisoeynnate, l,4-dim etllyleyclolle~.me dlisoey.lllnte, 1,~L-dim etl~ylbellzene cliisoeyanate, 1,4-dim ctllylnaphtllnlelle diisocyannte, 1,5-dim et]lylnaplltllalene diisocyanate, eyelohexane-1,3-diisoeyanate, eyelo-he~Ynne-l, ~-i-cliisooyanate, I.-methylcycloh(3xane-2, 4-diisocyallnte, l-methyl- .':
eyelo1lexane,-2,2-tliisoeyal^~ate, 1-etllyleyelollexane-2,4-diisoeyanate, dieyelo-hexylm ethane-~-L,~ diisoeyanate, dieyelohexylm ethylm et,hnne-4,~,!-cliisocyallate, dicyclollexyldimetllylllletllalle-4, 41-diisocyanate, 2, 2-climethyldicyolollexyl-m ethane-4,4'-~iisoeyanate, 3,3',5,5'-tetramethyldieyelollexylm elhalle-4~4~-diisoeyanate, 4,4'-m ethylenebis (eyelohexylisoeyanate), ethyli(lelle cliisoeynnnte, 4,~,!'-dipllollyl diisoeyannte, clianisidine diisoeyanate, 1,5-nalphtllalene diisoeynna~c, m -pllenylelle cliisoeyanate, isopropylidene bis (pllenyl or eyelohexyl isoeyallnte), 1,3-eyelopentylelle diisoeyanate, 1,2-eyelohexylene diisoeyanate 1,4-eyclo-hexylelle diisocyanate, 4,4',4" triphenylm ethane triisoeyanate, 1-,3,5-tri-isocynnate benzene, phenyletllylene diisocyanate, and the lilce.
It will also be apparentto one slcilled in tlle art thatin addiLiollto trim esoyl-1-(2-etllyl) aziridine illustrated herein otller aæiridines will be full ecluivalents for tile purposes of this invention. Illustrative ofthese are, lor exmnple, tris-2,4,~-(1-nziridillyl)-1,3,5-triazine, bis-isopllthnloyl-1-(2-etllyl)-nziridille, bis isosc-.~bncoyl-1-a%iridille, tl~i-[1-(2-m ethyl)-nzilidillo~
pllosplline oxide, bis-[1-(2-m etllyl)-aziridinyl] etllyl s-llfone, polyIunctiollal a%iridines sold under the trade desigllations P F~%300, PFA Z301 by lonnc Chemical Com pany, and the like. It will also be apparentthatill addition to the earb,on ~laclcillust1ated herein as being optionally em ploye(l as a filler otller m aterials will be suitable ,for ~Ise as fillers alld m ay also optionally be em ployecl sin~rly or in eombination witll enell other Ol witll cnrbon blaclc.
Illustr.ltive oftllese nre: titanium dioxide, silicon dioxide, silicn, alumin-un oxicle, milled ~rlass, and al~mlino silicate clays.
The azilidilles ofthe inventioll m ay be incorporatecl at frolll a~o~lt 1 tt`~
10r,o by weigllt ofthe total wei~lt oEthe liner mix. Rreferahly they m ay he f illC()l ~ tc(~ 10111 ;ll~ollt ~ to 8 J~" collvo;licl-tly .~ t (; ~1 I)y ~ci,~ll( Or total.
rrhe following cx.unple ~urtller illustrates the best mo(le conte]nplntctl by the inventors Ior the pr~ctic~ of their inveDtion. ..
, ': ' ' , ;, "
EXAMPL~
T]le ro]lowing l~ mple ill-lstrates the pre,~ ration Or a typic~l ~iner eomposition Usillg tlle aclhesion enll.alleers Or the invention.
To R-45M' (~L1. 85 weigllt %) is adclecl VDI (12.15 wei~,rllt %) trimesoyl-l-(2-el;llyl)-aziridine (G. 0 weigllt %) ancl earbon blael; (40. 0 weigllt qO)~ tlle a~iritlille, I)ein~ moltocl prior to adcliLion and tlle el~tire mi~cture l~londecl C~r ai~out 45 millulcs ,:
and then degassed by eonvenlional teehniques sucll as vaeuum mi~;ing Ol` slit deaeration. The mix is then east by standard proeedures and curecl at 170F for 9G to lG8 hours~ Tlle normal tlliekuess obtained in one applieation to a motor 10 easing is from L/32 to 1/lCi ineh.
Typie.al pllysieal properties obtainetl from e~lrecl samples of tlle mi~; are as follo~vs:
Tensile Strengtll (~STM D 412) Test Temp. (F) 0 77 150 ~ 200 Stress,, Ultimate ~psi) 1,0~13 543 331 258 Strain, Ultimate ~0) 4G4 431 324 282 Stress-100~'0 Strail1 (psi) --- 118 --- ___ Stross-300~/0 Strairl (psi~ --- 379 --- ---20 Stress-500~/o Straill (psi) ' --- 509 --- ---Tear Stren~,tll, pli --- 111 --- ---I-lardness (Sllore A at Aml)ient Temperature) 52 ,, Agein~ Properties (Test at 77F) A~,eing Tempelatllre 130F Ag,eill~ Temperaturo 1~0F
~gcin~r Time (~Vcehs) Ult. Stress Ult. Stlàin IJlt. Stress Ult. Strai 2 ,513 325 7~l -l~l (;
~l 548 33D 847 l21 8 (i30 2G7 878 13(;
3012 589 :L~;I 8(;1 l~
9~74 rl'yl~icQl 130~ Prol)cl lics S~mplt s of tl~e above mix ~vcre curod o~l stet~l SUl f lct s ~ it l)l lsk cl ~ncl vapor dc~re~scd or were cured nncl typical propellQnt nncl insul ~lion m~tt3ri.ll formulaliolls curctl on tlle liner surfacc. Ternsile ndllesioll nlld r~eel strtmgtlls ~vere tllell determilled Witll tl~e results sho~ vl~icl~ mny be colnpart3cl to (i~') pli pcel slrellgth, witll tllin co~t of propcllmll; fnilurc ror tlle bond ~t nmbient temperaturc (77F) betwee- n similar propellant and liner formulntions ~itllout aziridine where tlle liner is not fully cured prior to cure of propt31lnnts nll(l . -
as carboll black. Tlle l)lended compositioll is vàci~um degassecl and cast ns n lincr into a previously desealecl and degreased steel rocl;et motor CaSin ancl curccl ~t c~]cvntc(l lcml)c~ o :Erom (il~ollt 1~l5F t.o al~out 200F. After CU~C or p.lltinl Cll1C
i.s colnplclc a llyclro~y tcr~ lntcd polybutndiellc basccl propellIlnt g,rnill~ S-IC~ s, IOr c~;amplc, a propcllant consisling of ~ 5~ ns a binclcl rnnging from 81/2 lo al)o~lt 2-1-% l~y wciollt nnd incluclillg SUCII COnVelltiOIlnl COnlpOUlldillg ingredielltS .lS diocly :~o adipatc as a plasticizer, a polyisocyanate curing agent sucll as isopllorolle 93~7';~
~iisocy.lllate or the al)o~c mentiollcd DI:~I up to abollt 2(ii, l)y wci~,rht, al) o~idi~Ac sllcll as, ammolli~lm pcrclllolate u~ to 75 to 90'~,. b~ ciL~I~l, if dcsilc(l, ~ oriio of metallic fuel such as aluuninum metal, and othel conventiollal coml~ustion stabili; ers, ilanle coolants alld tl~e like may be cast nncl c~recl in l~lacc ill tllc lined motor in conventional fashion.
In addition to the R-45M l~inder specifically illustrated herein, it ~\!ill bc obvious to one skilled in the art that any liquid hydroxy terminated polybutadicl1e polymer lulown to be uscful for propellant grain bindin~ will bc applic.lblc in lhe invention. Illustrati~re of these polymers are, for example, those sold under thc -:
trade desienations R-45HT, R-15M, CS-15, by Arco Chemical Company, and Butarez HTS by Phillips Petroleum Company. It will similarly be eYklellt to one skilled in the art that in addition to the DDI illustrated herein any poly-isocyanate may bc used to effect cure of the binder. Illustrati-~e of other suitnblc polyisocyanates are, Eor example, isophorone diisocyanate, hexamethylenc diisocyanate, PAPI polymeric diisocyanates sold by the l~pjolm Company and Desmodule N-100 a polyisocyanate sold by I. G. Farben Industries, and also such isocyanates as: 1-methoxyphenyl-2, 4-diisocyanate, 1 methyl-4-metllo.~y-phenyl-2,5-diisocyanate, 1-ethoxyphenyl-2,1-diisocyanate, 1,3-dimethoxypllenyl-4,~-diisocy~late, 1,4-dimethoxyphenyl-2,5-diisocyallate, 1-propoxyphenyl-2,4-20 diisocyanate, 1-isobutoxy-2, 4-diisocyanate, 1, 4-diethoxyphenyl-2, 5-diisocyallntc, toluene-2,4-diisocyanate, toluene-2,G-diisocy~ulate, diphenyletller-2?4-diisocy ~ atc, naphthalellc-1,4-diisocyanate, 1,1'-dinaplltllalcne-2,2'-diisocyanate, bipllcnyl-2,4-diisocyanate, 3,3'-dimethylbipllenyl-~,4'-diisocyanate, 3,3'-dimethoAybipllellyl-~,4'-diisocy~nate, cliphenylmetllalle-4,4'-diisocyanate, diphenylmethane-2,d~'-diisocyanate, dipllellylmetllane-2, 2 ' -diisocyanate, 3, 3 ' -dimetho~y diphenylmethane-4, ~ ' -diisocyanate, ben~ophenolle-3,3'-diisocyanate, ethylene diisocyanate, propylene diisocyanate, b~ rlcne diisocy~nate, pelltylellc diisocyannte, metllyll~-ltylcnc di-isocyanntc, tctr,llllctllylelle diisocyallate, pentametllylcne ùiisocyan;ltc, dil~ropyl diisocymlntc ethcr, hel)t~llletllylene diisocyallate, 2,2-dimctllylpelltylene di-.
isocyanatc9 3-methoxy-llcxametllylene diisocyanate, octamethylcnè diisocyanatc, . ,. *.,".
L~'19~74 2"2, l~ imctlly1pentylenc cliisocy.~ lc, 3~ loxylle~ mctllylelle ~li;socynll.lte, 1,3-din ctllylbc~ .cne diisocynllnlc, l,~,!-dimet,!lyl ben%elle cliisocyanatcl, 1"'-dim etllyleyelohexnlle diisoeynnate, l,4-dim etllyleyclolle~.me dlisoey.lllnte, 1,~L-dim etl~ylbellzene cliisoeyanate, 1,4-dim ctllylnaphtllnlelle diisocyannte, 1,5-dim et]lylnaplltllalene diisocyanate, eyelohexane-1,3-diisoeyanate, eyelo-he~Ynne-l, ~-i-cliisooyanate, I.-methylcycloh(3xane-2, 4-diisocyallnte, l-methyl- .':
eyelo1lexane,-2,2-tliisoeyal^~ate, 1-etllyleyelollexane-2,4-diisoeyanate, dieyelo-hexylm ethane-~-L,~ diisoeyanate, dieyelohexylm ethylm et,hnne-4,~,!-cliisocyallate, dicyclollexyldimetllylllletllalle-4, 41-diisocyanate, 2, 2-climethyldicyolollexyl-m ethane-4,4'-~iisoeyanate, 3,3',5,5'-tetramethyldieyelollexylm elhalle-4~4~-diisoeyanate, 4,4'-m ethylenebis (eyelohexylisoeyanate), ethyli(lelle cliisoeynnnte, 4,~,!'-dipllollyl diisoeyannte, clianisidine diisoeyanate, 1,5-nalphtllalene diisoeynna~c, m -pllenylelle cliisoeyanate, isopropylidene bis (pllenyl or eyelohexyl isoeyallnte), 1,3-eyelopentylelle diisoeyanate, 1,2-eyelohexylene diisoeyanate 1,4-eyclo-hexylelle diisocyanate, 4,4',4" triphenylm ethane triisoeyanate, 1-,3,5-tri-isocynnate benzene, phenyletllylene diisocyanate, and the lilce.
It will also be apparentto one slcilled in tlle art thatin addiLiollto trim esoyl-1-(2-etllyl) aziridine illustrated herein otller aæiridines will be full ecluivalents for tile purposes of this invention. Illustrative ofthese are, lor exmnple, tris-2,4,~-(1-nziridillyl)-1,3,5-triazine, bis-isopllthnloyl-1-(2-etllyl)-nziridille, bis isosc-.~bncoyl-1-a%iridille, tl~i-[1-(2-m ethyl)-nzilidillo~
pllosplline oxide, bis-[1-(2-m etllyl)-aziridinyl] etllyl s-llfone, polyIunctiollal a%iridines sold under the trade desigllations P F~%300, PFA Z301 by lonnc Chemical Com pany, and the like. It will also be apparentthatill addition to the earb,on ~laclcillust1ated herein as being optionally em ploye(l as a filler otller m aterials will be suitable ,for ~Ise as fillers alld m ay also optionally be em ployecl sin~rly or in eombination witll enell other Ol witll cnrbon blaclc.
Illustr.ltive oftllese nre: titanium dioxide, silicon dioxide, silicn, alumin-un oxicle, milled ~rlass, and al~mlino silicate clays.
The azilidilles ofthe inventioll m ay be incorporatecl at frolll a~o~lt 1 tt`~
10r,o by weigllt ofthe total wei~lt oEthe liner mix. Rreferahly they m ay he f illC()l ~ tc(~ 10111 ;ll~ollt ~ to 8 J~" collvo;licl-tly .~ t (; ~1 I)y ~ci,~ll( Or total.
rrhe following cx.unple ~urtller illustrates the best mo(le conte]nplntctl by the inventors Ior the pr~ctic~ of their inveDtion. ..
, ': ' ' , ;, "
EXAMPL~
T]le ro]lowing l~ mple ill-lstrates the pre,~ ration Or a typic~l ~iner eomposition Usillg tlle aclhesion enll.alleers Or the invention.
To R-45M' (~L1. 85 weigllt %) is adclecl VDI (12.15 wei~,rllt %) trimesoyl-l-(2-el;llyl)-aziridine (G. 0 weigllt %) ancl earbon blael; (40. 0 weigllt qO)~ tlle a~iritlille, I)ein~ moltocl prior to adcliLion and tlle el~tire mi~cture l~londecl C~r ai~out 45 millulcs ,:
and then degassed by eonvenlional teehniques sucll as vaeuum mi~;ing Ol` slit deaeration. The mix is then east by standard proeedures and curecl at 170F for 9G to lG8 hours~ Tlle normal tlliekuess obtained in one applieation to a motor 10 easing is from L/32 to 1/lCi ineh.
Typie.al pllysieal properties obtainetl from e~lrecl samples of tlle mi~; are as follo~vs:
Tensile Strengtll (~STM D 412) Test Temp. (F) 0 77 150 ~ 200 Stress,, Ultimate ~psi) 1,0~13 543 331 258 Strain, Ultimate ~0) 4G4 431 324 282 Stress-100~'0 Strail1 (psi) --- 118 --- ___ Stross-300~/0 Strairl (psi~ --- 379 --- ---20 Stress-500~/o Straill (psi) ' --- 509 --- ---Tear Stren~,tll, pli --- 111 --- ---I-lardness (Sllore A at Aml)ient Temperature) 52 ,, Agein~ Properties (Test at 77F) A~,eing Tempelatllre 130F Ag,eill~ Temperaturo 1~0F
~gcin~r Time (~Vcehs) Ult. Stress Ult. Stlàin IJlt. Stress Ult. Strai 2 ,513 325 7~l -l~l (;
~l 548 33D 847 l21 8 (i30 2G7 878 13(;
3012 589 :L~;I 8(;1 l~
9~74 rl'yl~icQl 130~ Prol)cl lics S~mplt s of tl~e above mix ~vcre curod o~l stet~l SUl f lct s ~ it l)l lsk cl ~ncl vapor dc~re~scd or were cured nncl typical propellQnt nncl insul ~lion m~tt3ri.ll formulaliolls curctl on tlle liner surfacc. Ternsile ndllesioll nlld r~eel strtmgtlls ~vere tllell determilled Witll tl~e results sho~ vl~icl~ mny be colnpart3cl to (i~') pli pcel slrellgth, witll tllin co~t of propcllmll; fnilurc ror tlle bond ~t nmbient temperaturc (77F) betwee- n similar propellant and liner formulntions ~itllout aziridine where tlle liner is not fully cured prior to cure of propt31lnnts nll(l . -
3-G pli ~vllcre t]le liner is fully curcd prior to propellant additioll. -Adjace-ntIcst Te~llp. Tensile~ Peel (pli) ' Tyl:~o Or I\Interi~l (I~) Loadlype of I~nil~roInitial ~crngo I nil~
Stecl -(;5 1 333 2-Liner 7197.3 --- 3-rl`~b 1-Plnte 13ent Brol;e 77 2~i9. 3 3-Liner 43.0 35.7 3-T]lin Conl Liner lG5 18L.7 3-Thin Coat13.8 lG.0 3-11lill Coat Liner Liner 200 170.7 3-T]lill Coat2 7. 3 15.7 3-T]liil Cont Liner Liner 250 lG0.0 3-Liner 25.5 14.5 2-Linc r Pulled ,~ from Shim 1-Tllin Coat Liner 300 117. 7 3-Liner 17. G 10. (; 3-Lincl I'ullcd rrolll Slli Asbestos filled -G5 1 58G 2-Thin Coat of 75.5 105. 0 2-insul.-1tit)ll 1'olyisoplenc Liner l-Tllill Cont l~ul)l)t l- l3nscd l-insulntioll of Lillc Illsul~tioll 77 lG3. 0 3-Tllin Coat ` 1~l.0 lG.1 5-Boncl of Liner ` ~ ~
lG5 103.0 3-Thill Coat 4. 0 9.1 3-Tllill Cont of Liner of Lincr 20() l07.5 2-TIlin Conl iL.;I 7.~ .3-rll~in Cont of Lincr of lincr 250 12G.3 3-T]lin Coat 12.4 l2.~i 2- Illin Conts of of Line1 Lincr-1 -rl l~in Co l t Or l,inc!r, nlltl l,incr ~ullcd frolll Sllim r ~ ~
ljaccllt 'l'cst 'lclllp. 'l'cllsilc Adlls~sioll (pli) :Peol (pli~ __ I yl!c of ~sbcstos filled 300 :L29. 0 2-'1'hill Coat of 12. 7 11,1 2-'rllin Co;tt Or Pt)lyisoprcllc ' Liner-l-Liner I.inc ] ~ )cl ~3~ Sctl I - L;
Ills-tl ttion rl`O~ Sllilll . .
1~5M 13;1sccl -(;5 808 2-'l'llin Coat 75. 0 ~9. 7 :3-'~'llin Co,ll ~llllllOlli~llll Propcll.allt . . Propell~llt Pcrchloratc l-Thill Coat Oxidizer Propellant &
Isopllorone Liner diisocy;lnate c~lred pro-pellallt ** . . .
77 17G 3-Propellant 2~}. 5 ~}G. 1 :3~Lincr 1.~)5 ll~ 3-Propell.ant 25. ~ 27. 7 2-Lillcr 1~1 ol)(~ll,t l-Lincr ** Linc~r precurccl 2~ ours ;It 1~5F.
--lO-~ f~ L?~
~3 a a ~h a Oc a ~
h ~ h ~ Q) ~ Q
h ~ ~ ,~ C ~~ ,~ ~C ~S h ~
~J ~ h 1~ ~ ~ h I _, ~ C ~ ) h h h aJ
~ h ~ ~ C a ~ ~ a ~ h ~ ,C ~; ~ C ,C ,~ h P, ~ P. I--1 .. , O Pl ~~1 .~ O P1~ ~1 .~ P. ~ ._. ~1 ~1 Pi I ~ C ~ I ~ I rC h ~ O I C I I .C
t~ ~ ~ P~ ~ P
a~
b~ "~ ~-( I cs~ I C~) C~l I I
~ C~ O I L~
ll~c ,_ c~ o ~ o c~ Lt) .~ ~ ~ O 00 5 C~
C ~: C ~ ~ C C ~ ~:
C h o o o oC~ On. C~ L C
O ::; h ~ h h h h h h h .,. ~ Pl P1 P1 P1 F4 P1 P1 P1 P
~ l l l l l l l l l ¢^
o ~ ~`
t- L~ ~ ~ L- ~ L~
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h ' ~" D ~ o o o o o o o o Q~ lClo ~ L~ C~ L~ c/~ L_ S~ L~
~r.
h Ul -~ ~ O c`l C`l ~ d~
S~ ' C~ ' ~; b~
.
.-- ~ h ~U C~
C ~ ~
o U o h ~ ~ P1 -Q C) h h ,C, O r~ C) O '' ~
'C r-, ~ h ~ h o P~
~_ C
I ~ ~ o ~ ¢ ~
Stecl -(;5 1 333 2-Liner 7197.3 --- 3-rl`~b 1-Plnte 13ent Brol;e 77 2~i9. 3 3-Liner 43.0 35.7 3-T]lin Conl Liner lG5 18L.7 3-Thin Coat13.8 lG.0 3-11lill Coat Liner Liner 200 170.7 3-T]lill Coat2 7. 3 15.7 3-T]liil Cont Liner Liner 250 lG0.0 3-Liner 25.5 14.5 2-Linc r Pulled ,~ from Shim 1-Tllin Coat Liner 300 117. 7 3-Liner 17. G 10. (; 3-Lincl I'ullcd rrolll Slli Asbestos filled -G5 1 58G 2-Thin Coat of 75.5 105. 0 2-insul.-1tit)ll 1'olyisoplenc Liner l-Tllill Cont l~ul)l)t l- l3nscd l-insulntioll of Lillc Illsul~tioll 77 lG3. 0 3-Tllin Coat ` 1~l.0 lG.1 5-Boncl of Liner ` ~ ~
lG5 103.0 3-Thill Coat 4. 0 9.1 3-Tllill Cont of Liner of Lincr 20() l07.5 2-TIlin Conl iL.;I 7.~ .3-rll~in Cont of Lincr of lincr 250 12G.3 3-T]lin Coat 12.4 l2.~i 2- Illin Conts of of Line1 Lincr-1 -rl l~in Co l t Or l,inc!r, nlltl l,incr ~ullcd frolll Sllim r ~ ~
ljaccllt 'l'cst 'lclllp. 'l'cllsilc Adlls~sioll (pli) :Peol (pli~ __ I yl!c of ~sbcstos filled 300 :L29. 0 2-'1'hill Coat of 12. 7 11,1 2-'rllin Co;tt Or Pt)lyisoprcllc ' Liner-l-Liner I.inc ] ~ )cl ~3~ Sctl I - L;
Ills-tl ttion rl`O~ Sllilll . .
1~5M 13;1sccl -(;5 808 2-'l'llin Coat 75. 0 ~9. 7 :3-'~'llin Co,ll ~llllllOlli~llll Propcll.allt . . Propell~llt Pcrchloratc l-Thill Coat Oxidizer Propellant &
Isopllorone Liner diisocy;lnate c~lred pro-pellallt ** . . .
77 17G 3-Propellant 2~}. 5 ~}G. 1 :3~Lincr 1.~)5 ll~ 3-Propell.ant 25. ~ 27. 7 2-Lillcr 1~1 ol)(~ll,t l-Lincr ** Linc~r precurccl 2~ ours ;It 1~5F.
--lO-~ f~ L?~
~3 a a ~h a Oc a ~
h ~ h ~ Q) ~ Q
h ~ ~ ,~ C ~~ ,~ ~C ~S h ~
~J ~ h 1~ ~ ~ h I _, ~ C ~ ) h h h aJ
~ h ~ ~ C a ~ ~ a ~ h ~ ,C ~; ~ C ,C ,~ h P, ~ P. I--1 .. , O Pl ~~1 .~ O P1~ ~1 .~ P. ~ ._. ~1 ~1 Pi I ~ C ~ I ~ I rC h ~ O I C I I .C
t~ ~ ~ P~ ~ P
a~
b~ "~ ~-( I cs~ I C~) C~l I I
~ C~ O I L~
ll~c ,_ c~ o ~ o c~ Lt) .~ ~ ~ O 00 5 C~
C ~: C ~ ~ C C ~ ~:
C h o o o oC~ On. C~ L C
O ::; h ~ h h h h h h h .,. ~ Pl P1 P1 P1 F4 P1 P1 P1 P
~ l l l l l l l l l ¢^
o ~ ~`
t- L~ ~ ~ L- ~ L~
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~r.
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.
.-- ~ h ~U C~
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Claims (4)
1. A process for case bonding a hydroxy terminated polybutadiene based polyurethane bound solid propellant grain to a rocket motor casing which comprises:
a) lining a rocket casing to which it is desired to case bond said solid propellant grain with a cured liner comprising an aziridine and a hydroxy terminated polybutadiene cured with a polyisocyanate curing agent;
b) casting said hydroxy terminated polybutadiene based propellant grain, in an uncured form, into the desired configuration in said rocket motor; and c) curing said propellant grain.
a) lining a rocket casing to which it is desired to case bond said solid propellant grain with a cured liner comprising an aziridine and a hydroxy terminated polybutadiene cured with a polyisocyanate curing agent;
b) casting said hydroxy terminated polybutadiene based propellant grain, in an uncured form, into the desired configuration in said rocket motor; and c) curing said propellant grain.
2. The process of claim 1 wherein: said cured liner contains from about 1% to 10% of said aziridine.
3. An improved case bonded solid propellant rocket motor having a casing liner and containing a hydroxy terminated polybutadiene based poly-urethane bound propellant grain wherein said casing liner for said propellant is based on a hydroxy terminated polybutadiene and wherein the improvement comprises the incorporation of an aziridine into said casing liner of said rocket motor.
4, A case bonded solid propellant rocket motor wherein said motor contains a bonded casing liner consisting essentially of hydroxy terminated polybutadiene and from about 1% to 10% aziridine.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US75726077A | 1977-01-06 | 1977-01-06 | |
| US757,260 | 1977-01-06 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1149174A true CA1149174A (en) | 1983-07-05 |
Family
ID=25047092
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000294277A Expired CA1149174A (en) | 1977-01-06 | 1978-01-03 | Adhesive liner for case bonded solid propellant |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5388846A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1149174A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2758814A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2376833A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1585713A (en) |
| IL (1) | IL53672A (en) |
| SE (1) | SE439629B (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3105932C2 (en) * | 1981-02-18 | 1982-12-02 | Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm GmbH, 8000 München | Insulating layer for propellants |
| DE3644239A1 (en) * | 1986-12-23 | 1988-07-07 | Bayern Chemie Gmbh Flugchemie | INTERMEDIATE LAYER BETWEEN THE DRIVELINE AND THE INSULATION LAYER OF A ROCKET SOLID DRIVE KIT |
| GB2466512B (en) * | 2008-12-23 | 2010-12-08 | Adbruf Ltd | A polymer and method of forming a polymer |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA1056984A (en) * | 1976-01-16 | 1979-06-19 | Her Majesty The Queen In Right Of Canada As Represented By The Minister Of National Defence Of Her Majesty's Canadian Government | Curable binding systems |
-
1977
- 1977-12-21 IL IL53672A patent/IL53672A/en unknown
- 1977-12-21 SE SE7714556A patent/SE439629B/en unknown
- 1977-12-30 DE DE19772758814 patent/DE2758814A1/en not_active Ceased
-
1978
- 1978-01-03 CA CA000294277A patent/CA1149174A/en not_active Expired
- 1978-01-04 GB GB238/78A patent/GB1585713A/en not_active Expired
- 1978-01-05 JP JP35278A patent/JPS5388846A/en active Granted
- 1978-01-05 FR FR7800213A patent/FR2376833A1/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2376833A1 (en) | 1978-08-04 |
| JPS5388846A (en) | 1978-08-04 |
| SE439629B (en) | 1985-06-24 |
| FR2376833B3 (en) | 1980-09-26 |
| JPS6230296B2 (en) | 1987-07-01 |
| IL53672A0 (en) | 1978-03-10 |
| GB1585713A (en) | 1981-03-11 |
| SE7714556L (en) | 1978-07-07 |
| IL53672A (en) | 1982-03-31 |
| DE2758814A1 (en) | 1978-07-13 |
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