CA1146300A - Fire and heat protection material - Google Patents
Fire and heat protection materialInfo
- Publication number
- CA1146300A CA1146300A CA000355433A CA355433A CA1146300A CA 1146300 A CA1146300 A CA 1146300A CA 000355433 A CA000355433 A CA 000355433A CA 355433 A CA355433 A CA 355433A CA 1146300 A CA1146300 A CA 1146300A
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- heat
- protection
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- filler
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Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
The present invention relates to a fire- and heat-protection material. According to the invention an organic binder is mixed with a filler consisting of hydrated aluminium sulfate of the general formula Al2(SO4)3. n H2O (wherein n is 14 to 18), the filler being present in amounts of more than 50% by wt of the mixture.
The fire- and heat-protection material can be produced in the form of hard sheets, tapes, films, putties or paints, the time of heat protection being more than 90 minutes.
The material can be used for coating fuel tanks and particularly for protection of stationary stores of explosives and ammunition.
The present invention relates to a fire- and heat-protection material. According to the invention an organic binder is mixed with a filler consisting of hydrated aluminium sulfate of the general formula Al2(SO4)3. n H2O (wherein n is 14 to 18), the filler being present in amounts of more than 50% by wt of the mixture.
The fire- and heat-protection material can be produced in the form of hard sheets, tapes, films, putties or paints, the time of heat protection being more than 90 minutes.
The material can be used for coating fuel tanks and particularly for protection of stationary stores of explosives and ammunition.
Description
The present invention is concerned with a new fire and heat protection material for one time use.
The new product is intended for protection of combustible and explosive materials, as well as for protection of buildings and structures from the effect of high temperatures and open flame (for example, in case of a fire).
The basic task of materials of the abovementioned type is to bar penetration of intense heat for a maximum period of time.
Combustible, explosive and other materials, buildings and structures, requiring protection from the effect of high temperatures and open flames may be either coated with a layer of fire and heat protection material or disposed within rooms, receptacles, cases and boxes made from the abovementioned material or coated by it. This protects the materials in question from catching fire or from exploding in case of a fire.
The abovementioned fire and heat protection material can be used for coating stationary receptacles containing fuel and combustible substances (crude oil, petrol, paraffin, gasoil, etc.), as well as for coating fuel tanks of means of transportation: planes, helicopters, cars, tanks, launches and ships, etc. It can also be used for protection of stationary stores of explosives and i 30 ammunition, as well as for protection of ammunition carried by planes, helicopters, ships, launches, tanks, etc., for manufacturing safes, lockers, warehouses, storerooms for museum exhibits, collections, etc.
The material can be used for fire-resisting bulkheads, partitions, walls, doors, etc., of various buildings as well as of ships and planes.
'~
~L46300 ,~
Tlle fire and heat protection material can al~ ~used to protect the load carrying structural members of various buildings, which are likely to be destroyed througll loss of strength in case of fire, for example, the steel structures of high-rise buildingsS aluminium structures, etc.
The examples quoted above do not, of course, exhaust all possible applications of the abovementioned fire and heat protection matcrial.
The basic shortcomings of existing l~eat protection materials are as follows:
a) Short time of protection*. The best materials existing today have a time of protection of no more than 30 - 45 min for a layer of 10 mm. The time of protection is a basic property of the material.
b) Each material has a limited variety of possible applications. It can be made either intb a cover, or only into a coat of paint, or used as a putty only, etc. A very limited number of materials lend themselves to several of the uses indicated.
c) Very few materials are of any structural use, i.e. have enough strength ~o allow structural elements and parts to be manufactured from them. Few of them are easily machined.
0 * The heat protection time is measured as follows: ~ne side of the specimen is heated to 700 - 800C. Time meeded for the other side to reach 150 - 200C is measured, the heat insulation on this side being provided.
;3()0 d~ ~lc r,ia~ority of existing heat protection matcrials emit toxic, smo~cs, gases and vapours when ~urning.
Tne material developed by us has an exceptionally lon~ time of heat pTOtection, twice as long as that afforded by the best samples of contemporary materials. Its time of heat protection is 90 - 100 min (instead of 30-45 min for the best contemporary materials).
The material can be produced as a quality plastic, suitable for structural use. Various articles, structures, partitions, receptacles, cases, etc., can be easily manufactured fron, it.
The material allows a broad spectrum of uses. It can be ma~e into a hard or into a soft covering, an insulation, a paint, a putty or into a high- strength structural material. It can be easily reinforced by any materials.
The distinctive characteristic of the mateTial developed by us as opposed to other materials made for the same purpose is that it is manufactured of some types of polymer binders with the hydrated aluminium sulphate incorporated as a filler.
The abovementioned salt absorbs a great amount of heat when decomposing and forms a haTd, light residue in the form of a foam. This residuc provi~es a protection of the zone of decomposition against the penetration of heat inside the zone.
This salt combines practically with all types of plastics and rubbers.
TheTefore, depending on the type of the plastic and its yrocessing, variotls products, such as - hard sheets, tapes, films, putties, paints, etc., can be manufactured.
~46300 In all cases quoted the heat protection salt acts as a fillex for the polymer binder and is mixed with lt before hardening.
In accordance with the present invention, there is provided a fire- and heat-protection material comprising an organic binder and a filler consisting of hydrated aluminium sulphate of the general formula A12(SO4)3. n H2O, wherein n is 14 to 18 in amounts of more than 5~ by weight of the mixture.
In princlple, the use of aluminium sulphate in the manufacture of fire protection materials is known with strongly basic compounds e.g. NaHCO3 and salts of strong acids. It should be stressed the fact that, it is just proposed A12(SO4)3, i.e. common aluminium sulphate, while we suggest the use of hydrated aluminium sulphate A12(SO4)3 (14 - 18) H2O. We tested the mixtures of A12(SO4)3 + NaHCO3 and found that a heat protection time of only 17 minutes was obtained. Hydrated aluminium sulphate and aluminium sulphate are absolutely different (see Table 1) and hence the use of the common A12(SO4)3 does not give the same results as hydrated aluminium sulphate. The exact mechanism which could explain the reason cn the poor result was not yet elucidated.
~:r3 ~.
11~6~~
Table 1 Aluminium sulphate and hydrated aluminium sulphate comparative characteristics 5 Characteristics Aluminium sulphate Hydrated aluminium sulphate Chemical formula A12(SO4)3 A12(SO4)3.18H2o Molecular weight 342.15 666.42 Colour, White Colourless 10 crystal form, non-transparent monocrystal refractive index powder 1.48 density, (g/cm3) 2.71 1.69 Decomposition t(C) 770 86.5 Solubility in hot water (g per 100 g 15 of water) 89 unlimited The preferred amount of hydrated aluminium sulphate found according to the present invention to impart a fire- and heat-protection effect, is from 50% to 75~, and even more.
The inventors have found that no fire- and heat-protection effect is attained at all if the amount of hydrated aluminium sulphate introduced is below 30%. This appears clearly from Example 9. The inventors could not find a theoretical explanation why the increase of hydrated aluminium sulphate content beyond 30% and preferably beyond 50% brings about principle changes in the characteristics of the material, namely, in the new property of - an exceptionally effective fire- and ( 30 heat-protection The gist of our invention is as follows:
1) Fire and heat protection material comprising an organic binder in the form of natural and synthetic compounds (polymers, caoutchoucs and rubbers, oligomers, and resins) and a filler in the form of hydrated aluminium sulphate. In order to provide for fire and heat protection --6a~
properties, hydrated aluminium sulphate is introduced in amounts of more than 50% by weight of the mixture.
5 2) Hydrated aluminium sulphate has the general formula A12(SO4)3.n H20 (see any publication related to said material), wherein n = 14 - 18.
This formula is true for the chemically pure form of hydrated aluminium sulphate (see, for example, the publication THE MERCK INDEX, 1976 edition), whereas the industrial product has n =
14 - 16 (i.e., 17 - 18~ of A1203, see for example, the Rhone Progil Co. publication).
Obviously the ~.
.~.~
~4630~
use of ch~micall)~ pure products in our case is economically not justified because of iligh prices of said products (especially as the heat protection time in case of chemically pure and industrial products is ~.le same). For this ~eason ~12(S04)3.16 ~12 is given in our invention as preferred.
Thus, the present invention involves fire and heat protection materials based on organic and inorganic binders comprising hydrated aluminium sulphate, having the distinctive feature, which lies in the fact that in order to cut costsdrastically, said materials comprise industrial aluminium sulphate.
The present application is for fire and heat protection materials comprising hydrated aluminium sulphate, having a distinctive feature which lies in the fact that for the purpose of widening the range of said materials, unsaturated polyesters, epoxide resins natural and synthetic caoutchoucs and gutta - percha, etc. are used as binders.
In the U.S. Patent No. 2,132.969, a method is described for the manufacture of a surface with athermanous insulating layer of a cellular substance based on asphalts, bitumens, phenol - formaldehyde resin (bakelite) and natural resins ~rosin3 as binders in a vaporizable solvent. Reagents suggested as possessing leavening action are various hyd~ated materials, urea and ammonium carbonate. Hydrated aluminium sulfate is also mentioned in Table II of said patent as foaming agent in the amounts of from 5% to 20~. As appears from Example 9, in the present specification the method failed when applied to obtain a fire-and heat protection effect, in according with the present invention.
1~46300 The present invention also pTovides a method foT the manufacture of fire-and heat protection mat~rials. According to one em~odiment, all the ingredients including the polymer, resin or any otheT binder, hardener and the hydrated aluminium sulfate are mixed together until a homogeneous mass is obtained. Thc mass is obtained with the aluminiun;
sulfate embedded into the matrix of the binder.
According to another embodiment it is possible to prepare first the resin in its polymerized form and after that to add the hydrated aluminium sulfate at the required proportion.
The fire-and heat protection material may be further strengthened by incorporating glass fibers, asbestos fibers or any textile fabric or even metal wire. Of course it can also be envisaged to produce composites of two or more layers in th~ form of sandwiches.
According to still another embodiment it is possible to utilize a solution of aluminium sulfate so that the hydrated salt will be formed in its required form by a controlled heating step, embedded into the matrix of the binder. Another approach is to prepare the aluminium sulfate in-situ by reacting two or more reagents which will produce the required hydrated form. A person s~illed in the are after reading the present specification will select the particular embodiment without departing from the scope of the invention.
The Examples presented hereafter are only illustrative for a better understanding of the invention without being limiting thereto. The quantities given are expressed in parts by weight unless otherwise stated, ~xamples 2 ~showing a double salt), 3 (different cation), 4 ~dirferent anion) and 9 (amount of aluminium sulfate lower than claimed in the present invention) do not represent the present invention and are given only for comparative purposes.
~6300 Exa~le 1 __ _ Al2(S04)3.16 H20 salt - 100 parts. Unsaturated polyester resin- 30 parts. Hardener foT polyester resin - methylethyl-ketone peroxide - 1 part and hardening accelerator - cobalt naphthenate - 0.1 part.
The salt is pounded into fine powder, car~fully mixed with the polyester resin and the hardener and accelerator are added to the mixture while stirring. The mixture is cast in the shape of a 10 mm thick board and after hardening (30 min) is tested for its heat protection properties.
For testing, the board is installed as the roof of a muffle furnace heated up to 750C. A thermocouple and an asbestos layer are installed on the opposite side of the board.
The time Tequired for temperature rise from room temperature to 170 C, as shown by the thermocouple, is noted. This time is the heat protection time. The time required to heat the opposite side of mateTial during this test was 97 min.
.
Example 2.
AlNH4(S04)2.24 H20 was used as salt. All other components ~polyester resin, hardener, accelerator) and test conditions [thic~ness of board - 10 m~, furnace temperature - 750C) as set forth in Example 1.
Heat protection time - 30 min.
Example 3 Salt - (MH4)2S04.12 H20 all other conditions - as set forth in Example 1.
Heat proteaction time - 20 min.
~6300 ,(i ExamF__ Salt - Al Cl3.6 }i20 all other conditions - ~s set forth in Example 1 Heat protection time - 16 min.
rnus the best results are obtained through combining an aluminium cation with an anion SO4 ~Example 1) - heat protection time being 97 min.
When a chlorine anion is substituted for the S04 anion, the heat protection time is lowered from 97 to 16 min. ~Example 4).
~hen an ammonia cation is substituted for the aluminium cation, the heat protection time is lowered from 97 to 20 min. ~Example 3).
Even a partial substitution of ammonia for the aluminium cation lowers the heat protection time from 97 to ~0 min. ~Example 2).
Example 5 A12~S04)3.16 H20 salt - 100 parts. Unsaturated polyester resin - 30 parts. Acetone - 10 parts. Methyl-ethyl ketone peroxide (hardener) - 0.2 parts. Hardening accelerator - cobalt naphthenate 0.03 parts.
The semi-liquid mixture indicated above can be used as heat protection paint or coating. Hardens after application. A 10 mm layer of such coating has a heat protection time - min 90.
Exam~le 6 Same composition as in Example 1. Before shaping the mixture is reinforced on both sides with glass cloth 0.25 mm thick. A strong structural material is obtained.
Heat protection time of a 10 mm layer - 92 min.
1~L463~)0 Example 7 A12(S04~3.16 H20 salt (pulverized~ - 100 parts. Rubber - 25 parts.
The mixture is for~ed on a sheet mill and is produced in the shaye of flexible sheeting, tapes, thicX films, etc. Heat protection time of a S 10 mm layer - 105 min.
Example 8 A12(S04)3.16 H20 salt (pulverized) - 100 parts.Furfural - acetone resin - 28 parts. Benzoyl peroxide (hardener) - 0.05 parts. Acetone - 5 parts.
The mixture forms a putty, hardening into a strong, acid - and alkali resisting plastic of high mechanical strength.
Heat protection time of a 10 mm layer - 95 min.
Analoguous results have also been obtained by using aqueous solutions of sodium silica~e, urea - and phenol - formaldehyde resins, and other poly - and oligomers.
Example 9 The experiment as described in Example 1 was repeated under the same conditions using the same unsaturated polyester resin but the amount of A12(S04)3.16 H20 was in this case only 12 parts.
The mlxture obtained was cast in the shape of a 10 mm thick board as in said Example 1. The heat protection time was only 20 minutes.
The new product is intended for protection of combustible and explosive materials, as well as for protection of buildings and structures from the effect of high temperatures and open flame (for example, in case of a fire).
The basic task of materials of the abovementioned type is to bar penetration of intense heat for a maximum period of time.
Combustible, explosive and other materials, buildings and structures, requiring protection from the effect of high temperatures and open flames may be either coated with a layer of fire and heat protection material or disposed within rooms, receptacles, cases and boxes made from the abovementioned material or coated by it. This protects the materials in question from catching fire or from exploding in case of a fire.
The abovementioned fire and heat protection material can be used for coating stationary receptacles containing fuel and combustible substances (crude oil, petrol, paraffin, gasoil, etc.), as well as for coating fuel tanks of means of transportation: planes, helicopters, cars, tanks, launches and ships, etc. It can also be used for protection of stationary stores of explosives and i 30 ammunition, as well as for protection of ammunition carried by planes, helicopters, ships, launches, tanks, etc., for manufacturing safes, lockers, warehouses, storerooms for museum exhibits, collections, etc.
The material can be used for fire-resisting bulkheads, partitions, walls, doors, etc., of various buildings as well as of ships and planes.
'~
~L46300 ,~
Tlle fire and heat protection material can al~ ~used to protect the load carrying structural members of various buildings, which are likely to be destroyed througll loss of strength in case of fire, for example, the steel structures of high-rise buildingsS aluminium structures, etc.
The examples quoted above do not, of course, exhaust all possible applications of the abovementioned fire and heat protection matcrial.
The basic shortcomings of existing l~eat protection materials are as follows:
a) Short time of protection*. The best materials existing today have a time of protection of no more than 30 - 45 min for a layer of 10 mm. The time of protection is a basic property of the material.
b) Each material has a limited variety of possible applications. It can be made either intb a cover, or only into a coat of paint, or used as a putty only, etc. A very limited number of materials lend themselves to several of the uses indicated.
c) Very few materials are of any structural use, i.e. have enough strength ~o allow structural elements and parts to be manufactured from them. Few of them are easily machined.
0 * The heat protection time is measured as follows: ~ne side of the specimen is heated to 700 - 800C. Time meeded for the other side to reach 150 - 200C is measured, the heat insulation on this side being provided.
;3()0 d~ ~lc r,ia~ority of existing heat protection matcrials emit toxic, smo~cs, gases and vapours when ~urning.
Tne material developed by us has an exceptionally lon~ time of heat pTOtection, twice as long as that afforded by the best samples of contemporary materials. Its time of heat protection is 90 - 100 min (instead of 30-45 min for the best contemporary materials).
The material can be produced as a quality plastic, suitable for structural use. Various articles, structures, partitions, receptacles, cases, etc., can be easily manufactured fron, it.
The material allows a broad spectrum of uses. It can be ma~e into a hard or into a soft covering, an insulation, a paint, a putty or into a high- strength structural material. It can be easily reinforced by any materials.
The distinctive characteristic of the mateTial developed by us as opposed to other materials made for the same purpose is that it is manufactured of some types of polymer binders with the hydrated aluminium sulphate incorporated as a filler.
The abovementioned salt absorbs a great amount of heat when decomposing and forms a haTd, light residue in the form of a foam. This residuc provi~es a protection of the zone of decomposition against the penetration of heat inside the zone.
This salt combines practically with all types of plastics and rubbers.
TheTefore, depending on the type of the plastic and its yrocessing, variotls products, such as - hard sheets, tapes, films, putties, paints, etc., can be manufactured.
~46300 In all cases quoted the heat protection salt acts as a fillex for the polymer binder and is mixed with lt before hardening.
In accordance with the present invention, there is provided a fire- and heat-protection material comprising an organic binder and a filler consisting of hydrated aluminium sulphate of the general formula A12(SO4)3. n H2O, wherein n is 14 to 18 in amounts of more than 5~ by weight of the mixture.
In princlple, the use of aluminium sulphate in the manufacture of fire protection materials is known with strongly basic compounds e.g. NaHCO3 and salts of strong acids. It should be stressed the fact that, it is just proposed A12(SO4)3, i.e. common aluminium sulphate, while we suggest the use of hydrated aluminium sulphate A12(SO4)3 (14 - 18) H2O. We tested the mixtures of A12(SO4)3 + NaHCO3 and found that a heat protection time of only 17 minutes was obtained. Hydrated aluminium sulphate and aluminium sulphate are absolutely different (see Table 1) and hence the use of the common A12(SO4)3 does not give the same results as hydrated aluminium sulphate. The exact mechanism which could explain the reason cn the poor result was not yet elucidated.
~:r3 ~.
11~6~~
Table 1 Aluminium sulphate and hydrated aluminium sulphate comparative characteristics 5 Characteristics Aluminium sulphate Hydrated aluminium sulphate Chemical formula A12(SO4)3 A12(SO4)3.18H2o Molecular weight 342.15 666.42 Colour, White Colourless 10 crystal form, non-transparent monocrystal refractive index powder 1.48 density, (g/cm3) 2.71 1.69 Decomposition t(C) 770 86.5 Solubility in hot water (g per 100 g 15 of water) 89 unlimited The preferred amount of hydrated aluminium sulphate found according to the present invention to impart a fire- and heat-protection effect, is from 50% to 75~, and even more.
The inventors have found that no fire- and heat-protection effect is attained at all if the amount of hydrated aluminium sulphate introduced is below 30%. This appears clearly from Example 9. The inventors could not find a theoretical explanation why the increase of hydrated aluminium sulphate content beyond 30% and preferably beyond 50% brings about principle changes in the characteristics of the material, namely, in the new property of - an exceptionally effective fire- and ( 30 heat-protection The gist of our invention is as follows:
1) Fire and heat protection material comprising an organic binder in the form of natural and synthetic compounds (polymers, caoutchoucs and rubbers, oligomers, and resins) and a filler in the form of hydrated aluminium sulphate. In order to provide for fire and heat protection --6a~
properties, hydrated aluminium sulphate is introduced in amounts of more than 50% by weight of the mixture.
5 2) Hydrated aluminium sulphate has the general formula A12(SO4)3.n H20 (see any publication related to said material), wherein n = 14 - 18.
This formula is true for the chemically pure form of hydrated aluminium sulphate (see, for example, the publication THE MERCK INDEX, 1976 edition), whereas the industrial product has n =
14 - 16 (i.e., 17 - 18~ of A1203, see for example, the Rhone Progil Co. publication).
Obviously the ~.
.~.~
~4630~
use of ch~micall)~ pure products in our case is economically not justified because of iligh prices of said products (especially as the heat protection time in case of chemically pure and industrial products is ~.le same). For this ~eason ~12(S04)3.16 ~12 is given in our invention as preferred.
Thus, the present invention involves fire and heat protection materials based on organic and inorganic binders comprising hydrated aluminium sulphate, having the distinctive feature, which lies in the fact that in order to cut costsdrastically, said materials comprise industrial aluminium sulphate.
The present application is for fire and heat protection materials comprising hydrated aluminium sulphate, having a distinctive feature which lies in the fact that for the purpose of widening the range of said materials, unsaturated polyesters, epoxide resins natural and synthetic caoutchoucs and gutta - percha, etc. are used as binders.
In the U.S. Patent No. 2,132.969, a method is described for the manufacture of a surface with athermanous insulating layer of a cellular substance based on asphalts, bitumens, phenol - formaldehyde resin (bakelite) and natural resins ~rosin3 as binders in a vaporizable solvent. Reagents suggested as possessing leavening action are various hyd~ated materials, urea and ammonium carbonate. Hydrated aluminium sulfate is also mentioned in Table II of said patent as foaming agent in the amounts of from 5% to 20~. As appears from Example 9, in the present specification the method failed when applied to obtain a fire-and heat protection effect, in according with the present invention.
1~46300 The present invention also pTovides a method foT the manufacture of fire-and heat protection mat~rials. According to one em~odiment, all the ingredients including the polymer, resin or any otheT binder, hardener and the hydrated aluminium sulfate are mixed together until a homogeneous mass is obtained. Thc mass is obtained with the aluminiun;
sulfate embedded into the matrix of the binder.
According to another embodiment it is possible to prepare first the resin in its polymerized form and after that to add the hydrated aluminium sulfate at the required proportion.
The fire-and heat protection material may be further strengthened by incorporating glass fibers, asbestos fibers or any textile fabric or even metal wire. Of course it can also be envisaged to produce composites of two or more layers in th~ form of sandwiches.
According to still another embodiment it is possible to utilize a solution of aluminium sulfate so that the hydrated salt will be formed in its required form by a controlled heating step, embedded into the matrix of the binder. Another approach is to prepare the aluminium sulfate in-situ by reacting two or more reagents which will produce the required hydrated form. A person s~illed in the are after reading the present specification will select the particular embodiment without departing from the scope of the invention.
The Examples presented hereafter are only illustrative for a better understanding of the invention without being limiting thereto. The quantities given are expressed in parts by weight unless otherwise stated, ~xamples 2 ~showing a double salt), 3 (different cation), 4 ~dirferent anion) and 9 (amount of aluminium sulfate lower than claimed in the present invention) do not represent the present invention and are given only for comparative purposes.
~6300 Exa~le 1 __ _ Al2(S04)3.16 H20 salt - 100 parts. Unsaturated polyester resin- 30 parts. Hardener foT polyester resin - methylethyl-ketone peroxide - 1 part and hardening accelerator - cobalt naphthenate - 0.1 part.
The salt is pounded into fine powder, car~fully mixed with the polyester resin and the hardener and accelerator are added to the mixture while stirring. The mixture is cast in the shape of a 10 mm thick board and after hardening (30 min) is tested for its heat protection properties.
For testing, the board is installed as the roof of a muffle furnace heated up to 750C. A thermocouple and an asbestos layer are installed on the opposite side of the board.
The time Tequired for temperature rise from room temperature to 170 C, as shown by the thermocouple, is noted. This time is the heat protection time. The time required to heat the opposite side of mateTial during this test was 97 min.
.
Example 2.
AlNH4(S04)2.24 H20 was used as salt. All other components ~polyester resin, hardener, accelerator) and test conditions [thic~ness of board - 10 m~, furnace temperature - 750C) as set forth in Example 1.
Heat protection time - 30 min.
Example 3 Salt - (MH4)2S04.12 H20 all other conditions - as set forth in Example 1.
Heat proteaction time - 20 min.
~6300 ,(i ExamF__ Salt - Al Cl3.6 }i20 all other conditions - ~s set forth in Example 1 Heat protection time - 16 min.
rnus the best results are obtained through combining an aluminium cation with an anion SO4 ~Example 1) - heat protection time being 97 min.
When a chlorine anion is substituted for the S04 anion, the heat protection time is lowered from 97 to 16 min. ~Example 4).
~hen an ammonia cation is substituted for the aluminium cation, the heat protection time is lowered from 97 to 20 min. ~Example 3).
Even a partial substitution of ammonia for the aluminium cation lowers the heat protection time from 97 to ~0 min. ~Example 2).
Example 5 A12~S04)3.16 H20 salt - 100 parts. Unsaturated polyester resin - 30 parts. Acetone - 10 parts. Methyl-ethyl ketone peroxide (hardener) - 0.2 parts. Hardening accelerator - cobalt naphthenate 0.03 parts.
The semi-liquid mixture indicated above can be used as heat protection paint or coating. Hardens after application. A 10 mm layer of such coating has a heat protection time - min 90.
Exam~le 6 Same composition as in Example 1. Before shaping the mixture is reinforced on both sides with glass cloth 0.25 mm thick. A strong structural material is obtained.
Heat protection time of a 10 mm layer - 92 min.
1~L463~)0 Example 7 A12(S04~3.16 H20 salt (pulverized~ - 100 parts. Rubber - 25 parts.
The mixture is for~ed on a sheet mill and is produced in the shaye of flexible sheeting, tapes, thicX films, etc. Heat protection time of a S 10 mm layer - 105 min.
Example 8 A12(S04)3.16 H20 salt (pulverized) - 100 parts.Furfural - acetone resin - 28 parts. Benzoyl peroxide (hardener) - 0.05 parts. Acetone - 5 parts.
The mixture forms a putty, hardening into a strong, acid - and alkali resisting plastic of high mechanical strength.
Heat protection time of a 10 mm layer - 95 min.
Analoguous results have also been obtained by using aqueous solutions of sodium silica~e, urea - and phenol - formaldehyde resins, and other poly - and oligomers.
Example 9 The experiment as described in Example 1 was repeated under the same conditions using the same unsaturated polyester resin but the amount of A12(S04)3.16 H20 was in this case only 12 parts.
The mlxture obtained was cast in the shape of a 10 mm thick board as in said Example 1. The heat protection time was only 20 minutes.
Claims (10)
1. A fire- and heat-protection material comprising an organic binder and a filler consisting of hydrated aluminium sulphate of the general formula A12(S04)3. n H20, wherein n is 14 to 18 in amounts of more than 50% by weight of the mixture.
2. The material of Claim 1, wherein said organic binder is selected from natural and synthetic polymers, natural and synthetic asphalts and bitumens, and latexes and solutions of the above substances.
3. The material of Claim 1, produced as hard sheets, tapes, films, putties or paints.
4. The material of Claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein technical grade of A12(S04)3.16H20 is utilized as a filler component.
5. The material of Claim 1, reinforced with glass cloth, asbestos cloth, textile fabric or metal wire.
6. The material of Claim 5, in the form of composite of two or more layers.
7. A method for the manufacture of a fire- and heat-protection material which comprises the homogeneous mixing of an organic binder selected from the group consisting of natural and synthetic polymers, natural and synthetic asphalts and bitumens, and latexes and solutions of the above substances and a filler comprising hydrated aluminium sulphate of the general formula A12(S04)3. n H20 wherein n = 14 - 18 said filler being in amounts of more than 50% by weight of the mixture.
8. The method of Claim 7, wherein the binder is first processed to its final form and subsequently the A12(S04)3. n H20 is incorporated.
9. The method of Claim 7, wherein said aluminium sulfate binder is added in the form of an aqueous solution, the hydrated salt being formed in the mixture by heating when used as the protection material.
10. The method of claim 7, 8 or 9, wherein said hydrated aluminium sulfate binder is produced in situ in the mixture from two or more reagents when used as the protection material.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000355433A CA1146300A (en) | 1980-07-04 | 1980-07-04 | Fire and heat protection material |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000355433A CA1146300A (en) | 1980-07-04 | 1980-07-04 | Fire and heat protection material |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1146300A true CA1146300A (en) | 1983-05-10 |
Family
ID=4117344
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000355433A Expired CA1146300A (en) | 1980-07-04 | 1980-07-04 | Fire and heat protection material |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1146300A (en) |
-
1980
- 1980-07-04 CA CA000355433A patent/CA1146300A/en not_active Expired
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