CA1137387A - Papermachine dryer fabric - Google Patents
Papermachine dryer fabricInfo
- Publication number
- CA1137387A CA1137387A CA000362554A CA362554A CA1137387A CA 1137387 A CA1137387 A CA 1137387A CA 000362554 A CA000362554 A CA 000362554A CA 362554 A CA362554 A CA 362554A CA 1137387 A CA1137387 A CA 1137387A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- yarns
- fabric
- fibers
- dryer
- woven
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Landscapes
- Woven Fabrics (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
Abstract
PAPERMACHINE DRYER FABRIC
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
The disclosure is of papermachine dryer fabrics which comprise woven textile yarns, improved by structurally integrating tnerein a proportion of hollow fibers. The fabrics of the invention are characterized in part by their improved insulative qualities in regard to slowing down the rate of heat and moisture degradation (hydrolysis) of the base fabric yarns. Therefore the dryer fabric will last longer.
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
The disclosure is of papermachine dryer fabrics which comprise woven textile yarns, improved by structurally integrating tnerein a proportion of hollow fibers. The fabrics of the invention are characterized in part by their improved insulative qualities in regard to slowing down the rate of heat and moisture degradation (hydrolysis) of the base fabric yarns. Therefore the dryer fabric will last longer.
Description
~137387 . , .
'14 PAPERMACHINE DRYER FABRIC
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
` 1. Field of the Invention '~, The invention relates to papermachine clothing and more particularly relates to fabrics use,'ul as dryer fabrics for papermaking machines.
'14 PAPERMACHINE DRYER FABRIC
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
` 1. Field of the Invention '~, The invention relates to papermachine clothing and more particularly relates to fabrics use,'ul as dryer fabrics for papermaking machines.
2. Brief Description of the Prior Art , 'The prior art is replete with descriptions of fabrics useful as endless belts in the dryer sections of papermaking machines. In general, such fabrics include a woven structure of weft and warp yarns. The yarns may be monofilaments or multifilaments spun from staple fibers.
The fabrics may be made in simple, monolayer weaves or they may be complex, multilayer weaves depending on the particular propertie~ required.
The prior art papermachine dryer fabrics also include composite structures of woven yarns to which there is needled.particular textile staple fibers.
Papermachine dryer fabrics of the prior art have not been entirely satisfactory for all purposes as evidenced by the continued search for newer an~ better fabrics to meet :
Ii ` 1137387 1i .
!l I
Il the needs of advances in the machine art. For example, one !I common shortcoming of dr~er fabrics is a lack of high insulative capacity (thermal). This has become more of a problem as higher temperatures have been employed in the dryer sections of papermaking machines in an effort to increase machine speeds.
Tne dryer clothing of the present invention !, I
Jl solves some of the problems of the prior art in that the fabrics of the invention exhibit improved insulative 1 (thermal) properties and resultant longer life.
¦' SUM~RY OF THE INVENTION
The invention comprises in a papermachine dryer fabric, which comprises woven textile yarns, the improvement, I which comprises; hollow fibers structurally integrated in said fabric.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
,1, Figure 1 is an enlarged, cross-sectional side elevation of a portion of an embodiment dryer fabric of the invention;
Figure 2 is a further enlarged, partially cut-away Il view of a fiber component of the fabric shown in Figure l ¦¦ Figure 3 is an enlarged, cross-sectional side elevationl I of a portion of an alternate embodiment fabric of the i ¦ invention; and ¦ Figure 4 is an enlarged, cross-sectional side elevation of a portion of still portion of still another embodiment fabric of the invention.
, ' -2-:
~ ~l 113738`7 I ~TAILED DESCRIPTIO~ O~ THE PREFERRED EMBODIMElITS OF THE INVENTION
I I The preferred embodiments of the invention will be des-~ ¦¦ cribed hereinafter in conjunction with the accompanying drawings ; ¦ of Figures 1 - 4, inclusive.
The term "hollow fiber" as used throughout the specifica-" I tion and claims means synthetic textile fibers which are hollow and which may have open or closed ends. Hollow fibers and methods of their manufacture are well known; see for example ¦¦ U.S. Patent Nos. 2,399,259; 3,389,548i 3,723,238; 3,772,137; and , 4,109,038. The fibers may be fabricated fro~ a wide variety of - I synthetic polymeric resins such as polyamides, polyesters, poly- -¦~ acrylics, polyolefins like polyethylene and polypropylene, polyaramids and the like. The hollow fibers may be used alone ¦i or in blends with other staple textile fibers.
I Referring now to ~igure 1, an enlarged, cross-sectional i side elevation is seen of a portion of a length of embodiment dryer fabric 10 of the invention. The fabric is a multilayer fabric, free of binder yarns. The upper, surface layer of the l¦ fabric on the sheet side consists of a sinsle layer of inter-2~ ,¦ woven spun yarns formed by the weaving of lengthwise or warp¦ spun yarns 12 and crosswise or filler spun yarns 14. The spun ,I yarns 12, 14 may be conventionally spun from hollow fibers or blends of hollow fibers with heat resistant, natural or synthetic staple fibers such as fibers of polyester, polyamide, poly-1 acrylic, wool and like fibers an~ blends thereof. The yarns 12,14 may also be multifilament yarns containing a proportion of Il blended hollow fibers. Those skilled in the art will appreciate ~.
.
.
;
13738q that the desree of softness desired in the fabric surface may be controlled by selection o' particular fibers in the yarns and ,. by the amount of twist put into the yarns during their prepara-tion. The yarns may have a size ransing from 100 grains to ~;5 3,000 grains per 100 yards.
The soft, spun yarn surface of hollow fibers provides a heat barrier (insulation) ~or the fabric of the invention and protect the monofilament base (described hereinafter) which is . otherwise susceptible to degradation by e~posure to the high temperature generated by the papermachine drying cylinders.`
The improved insulative barrier provided by the hollow fibers is due to their unique structure as shown in Figure ~, an en-larged, partially cut-away view of a fiber 20 component of the , yarns 12, 14 as shown in Pigure 1. The hollow fiber 20 shown istubular in configuration and may have open or closed ends (open end shown in Figure 2).
. As also shown in Figure 1, the base of the fabric 10 ,I consists of a duplex type weave of lengthwise (warp) monofila-ment yarns 1~ and crosswise (we't) monofilament yarns 16.
The base of interwoven monofila~ent yarns provides a high degree of stability and structural integrity to the d~yer fabric 10 of the invention. Any commercially available monofilament yarns having a diameter within the range of from about 0.008 to 0.040 ~ inches may be advantageously employed as the yarns 16, 18.
Representative of such yarns 16, 18 are monofilaments of poly-amide, polyester, polyropylene, polyimide and the like. A
: nu~Der of lensthwise yarns 18 may be provided havina loops at l~, - j~ 1137387 the fabric ends. The loops are formed by conventional techniques well known to those skilled in the art and provide a means of forming a joinder and pin seam between ends of the fabric 10 I to provide an endless belt of fabric 10.
As stated above, the preferred fabric 10 of the inven-tion is a unitary, multi-layer structure free of binder yarns.
The yarns 12, 14 are integrated with the base yarns 16, 18 by ¦ a lengthwise yarn 12 which occasionaliy dips to interweave with a crosswise monofilament yarn 16 in the fabric base as shown , in the ~igure 1, thereby providing what is commonly referred to in the art as a "stitching point". The entire fabric structure 10 may be characterized as a smooth faced, multi-layer weave.
The fabric iO may be woven on a conventional papermakers felt loom in a single operatlon. The base yarns 16, 18 are woven , while the spun yarns 12, 14 are woven directly above the base yarns 16,18. The combining of the two yarn syste~s is per-formed during the weaving operation by sin}~ing one of the spun yarns 12 to interlace with one of the monofilament base yarns 16 ~I to provide the stitching points. Tlle combining of the two 1l systems is preferably in a set sequence, for example on every other crosswise yarn 16 so as not .o distort either the upper spun yarn surface or the monofilament yarn base.
The density of the warp yarns in the woven fabric of the invention wGuld depend on the size of the yarn selected and may advantageously ran~e from between 10 to 180 warp ends to the ' ~ .
,, . ' - 1~37387 ~ ; :
.~'"' ` .
inch. Similarly, the number OL crosswise or filling yarns may be between 10 to 60 yarns per inch. Within these density ranges, the upper surface (including hollow fibers) acts as a heat barrier as the dryer fabric 10 passes over steam heated cylinders or under hot air ducts to dry sheets of paper being conveyed thereon. The density ranges described above also assure that the sheet surface will be non-marking towards paper being conveyed thereon.
Figure 3 is an enlarged, cross-sectional side elevation of a portion of a dryer fabric 22 of the invention -supporting a sheet of formed paper 24. The fabric 22 has two yarn systems and is woven or ~oineà at its ends to form an endless belt. The yarns 26, 27, 28 extend in the machine direction of the belt comprise the weft of the fabric while the yarns 30, interwoven with yarns 26, 27, 28 comprise the warp yarns. The fabric 22 comprises 2 layers, that is a layer of interwoven yarns 26, 30 facing the paper sheet 29 to be dried and a lower weft layer of interwoven yarns 28, 30 facing away from the paper sheet 24. The yarns 26, 27, 28 may be spun yarns or multifilament yarns of hollow fibers or blends of staple fibers with hollow fibers. Advantageously, the yarns 26, 30 will be made to include hollow fibers having deniers of 3 to 15 and a length o' circa 1" to 6" while the yarns 27, 28 will contain hollow fibers with a denier of 5 to 30. The weave of fabric 22 should be suificiently dense t~
provide a smootl~, non-marking surface.
i137387 Figure 4 is an enlarged crcss-sectional side elevation of a portion of another embodiment fabric 32 of the invention which comprises a modification of the fabric 22 described above. As shown in ~igure ~, the i modification comprises needling a batt 34 of non-woven, textile fibers to the sheet side of the fabric 22.
The batt 34 may comprise a blend of wool fibers and synthetic fibers or it may be composed completely of synthetic fibers or completely of hollow fibers or a blend of hollow and not hollow fibers. In a way known per se the batt may also comprise melt fibers, i.e. synthetic ; fibers which have a lower melt point than the rest of the !
fibers in the batt. After the needling of the batt into ! the outer layer of fabric 22, the batt 34 is heated, e.g.
i , by means of hot air jets or contact ~ith a hot cylinGer to a temperature above the plastification point of these .
fibers whereby fibers at points melt together with the rest of the fibers in the batt at the contact points of the fibers. At the same time, the machine cloth should be exposed to an evenly distributed pressure from above which gives a certain remaining compression of the batt layer. Due to the melting together of the fibers only at points of the fibers in the batt layer, the machine cloth 1 retains its openness. ~he metho~ to attach, by means of i needling, a batt with or without a subse~uent heating and a . .
.
~ 7_ .;
1137;~87 , :
certain compression is well known and gives a smooth super surface to the finished fabric 32.
The following e~ample describes the manner and process of making and using the invention and sets forth the best mode contemplated by the inventor of carrying out the invention but is not to be construed as limiting.
Example 1 There is provided a quantity o' 0.020 inch diameter polyester monofilament and a ~uantity of 0.021 inch diameter polyamide (nylon) monofilament yarn. There is also provided a ~uantity of 500 grain per 100 yard size spun yarns composed of a blend of 75% hollow polyester fibers and 25%
acrylic fibers.
The monofilament yarns are woven together in a '!; , duplex pattern, i.e.; a double system of filling with a single system of warp yarns to form a base. Tne base is composed of two "ends" of the polyester mcnofilament and two "ends" of nylon m~nofilament alternating across the width of the fabric. Each "end" (warp) runs the length of the fabric. The spun yarn is simultaneously woven on top of the monofilament so as to cover each pair of monofilaments, altern2te spun yarns dropping down to interlace with alternate crosswise monofilament.
~3738`7 , The density of the monofilament warp yarns in the product is 48 ends to the inch in conjunction with 24 ends of spun yarn. The total end density is then 72 yarns to the inch. The number of "fillings" in the product is 25 monofilaments and 12-1/2 spun yarns per inch for a total of 37-1/2 fillings per inch.
The ends of the product are frayed to break the ends and monofilament loops handwoven back to provide a seamed structure. The ends are joined with a pin through the loops to obtain an endless belt. When installed on a paper machine . .
as a dryer felt, the fabric performs well in the ~anufacture of relatively fragile papers. The belt tracks well, is easily guided and exhibits a long life even after exposure to temperatures of circa 250~F.
, The felts of the invention may be finished in any ' conventional manner, i.e.; by heat setting and by chemical treatments to offer specific properties of runability and resistance to chemical and abrasive desradation.
Those s~illed in the art will appreciate that many modifications to the above-described preferred embodiments may be made without departing from the spirit and the scope of the invention.
. , , .
_ ~ _ . . .
' .
The fabrics may be made in simple, monolayer weaves or they may be complex, multilayer weaves depending on the particular propertie~ required.
The prior art papermachine dryer fabrics also include composite structures of woven yarns to which there is needled.particular textile staple fibers.
Papermachine dryer fabrics of the prior art have not been entirely satisfactory for all purposes as evidenced by the continued search for newer an~ better fabrics to meet :
Ii ` 1137387 1i .
!l I
Il the needs of advances in the machine art. For example, one !I common shortcoming of dr~er fabrics is a lack of high insulative capacity (thermal). This has become more of a problem as higher temperatures have been employed in the dryer sections of papermaking machines in an effort to increase machine speeds.
Tne dryer clothing of the present invention !, I
Jl solves some of the problems of the prior art in that the fabrics of the invention exhibit improved insulative 1 (thermal) properties and resultant longer life.
¦' SUM~RY OF THE INVENTION
The invention comprises in a papermachine dryer fabric, which comprises woven textile yarns, the improvement, I which comprises; hollow fibers structurally integrated in said fabric.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
,1, Figure 1 is an enlarged, cross-sectional side elevation of a portion of an embodiment dryer fabric of the invention;
Figure 2 is a further enlarged, partially cut-away Il view of a fiber component of the fabric shown in Figure l ¦¦ Figure 3 is an enlarged, cross-sectional side elevationl I of a portion of an alternate embodiment fabric of the i ¦ invention; and ¦ Figure 4 is an enlarged, cross-sectional side elevation of a portion of still portion of still another embodiment fabric of the invention.
, ' -2-:
~ ~l 113738`7 I ~TAILED DESCRIPTIO~ O~ THE PREFERRED EMBODIMElITS OF THE INVENTION
I I The preferred embodiments of the invention will be des-~ ¦¦ cribed hereinafter in conjunction with the accompanying drawings ; ¦ of Figures 1 - 4, inclusive.
The term "hollow fiber" as used throughout the specifica-" I tion and claims means synthetic textile fibers which are hollow and which may have open or closed ends. Hollow fibers and methods of their manufacture are well known; see for example ¦¦ U.S. Patent Nos. 2,399,259; 3,389,548i 3,723,238; 3,772,137; and , 4,109,038. The fibers may be fabricated fro~ a wide variety of - I synthetic polymeric resins such as polyamides, polyesters, poly- -¦~ acrylics, polyolefins like polyethylene and polypropylene, polyaramids and the like. The hollow fibers may be used alone ¦i or in blends with other staple textile fibers.
I Referring now to ~igure 1, an enlarged, cross-sectional i side elevation is seen of a portion of a length of embodiment dryer fabric 10 of the invention. The fabric is a multilayer fabric, free of binder yarns. The upper, surface layer of the l¦ fabric on the sheet side consists of a sinsle layer of inter-2~ ,¦ woven spun yarns formed by the weaving of lengthwise or warp¦ spun yarns 12 and crosswise or filler spun yarns 14. The spun ,I yarns 12, 14 may be conventionally spun from hollow fibers or blends of hollow fibers with heat resistant, natural or synthetic staple fibers such as fibers of polyester, polyamide, poly-1 acrylic, wool and like fibers an~ blends thereof. The yarns 12,14 may also be multifilament yarns containing a proportion of Il blended hollow fibers. Those skilled in the art will appreciate ~.
.
.
;
13738q that the desree of softness desired in the fabric surface may be controlled by selection o' particular fibers in the yarns and ,. by the amount of twist put into the yarns during their prepara-tion. The yarns may have a size ransing from 100 grains to ~;5 3,000 grains per 100 yards.
The soft, spun yarn surface of hollow fibers provides a heat barrier (insulation) ~or the fabric of the invention and protect the monofilament base (described hereinafter) which is . otherwise susceptible to degradation by e~posure to the high temperature generated by the papermachine drying cylinders.`
The improved insulative barrier provided by the hollow fibers is due to their unique structure as shown in Figure ~, an en-larged, partially cut-away view of a fiber 20 component of the , yarns 12, 14 as shown in Pigure 1. The hollow fiber 20 shown istubular in configuration and may have open or closed ends (open end shown in Figure 2).
. As also shown in Figure 1, the base of the fabric 10 ,I consists of a duplex type weave of lengthwise (warp) monofila-ment yarns 1~ and crosswise (we't) monofilament yarns 16.
The base of interwoven monofila~ent yarns provides a high degree of stability and structural integrity to the d~yer fabric 10 of the invention. Any commercially available monofilament yarns having a diameter within the range of from about 0.008 to 0.040 ~ inches may be advantageously employed as the yarns 16, 18.
Representative of such yarns 16, 18 are monofilaments of poly-amide, polyester, polyropylene, polyimide and the like. A
: nu~Der of lensthwise yarns 18 may be provided havina loops at l~, - j~ 1137387 the fabric ends. The loops are formed by conventional techniques well known to those skilled in the art and provide a means of forming a joinder and pin seam between ends of the fabric 10 I to provide an endless belt of fabric 10.
As stated above, the preferred fabric 10 of the inven-tion is a unitary, multi-layer structure free of binder yarns.
The yarns 12, 14 are integrated with the base yarns 16, 18 by ¦ a lengthwise yarn 12 which occasionaliy dips to interweave with a crosswise monofilament yarn 16 in the fabric base as shown , in the ~igure 1, thereby providing what is commonly referred to in the art as a "stitching point". The entire fabric structure 10 may be characterized as a smooth faced, multi-layer weave.
The fabric iO may be woven on a conventional papermakers felt loom in a single operatlon. The base yarns 16, 18 are woven , while the spun yarns 12, 14 are woven directly above the base yarns 16,18. The combining of the two yarn syste~s is per-formed during the weaving operation by sin}~ing one of the spun yarns 12 to interlace with one of the monofilament base yarns 16 ~I to provide the stitching points. Tlle combining of the two 1l systems is preferably in a set sequence, for example on every other crosswise yarn 16 so as not .o distort either the upper spun yarn surface or the monofilament yarn base.
The density of the warp yarns in the woven fabric of the invention wGuld depend on the size of the yarn selected and may advantageously ran~e from between 10 to 180 warp ends to the ' ~ .
,, . ' - 1~37387 ~ ; :
.~'"' ` .
inch. Similarly, the number OL crosswise or filling yarns may be between 10 to 60 yarns per inch. Within these density ranges, the upper surface (including hollow fibers) acts as a heat barrier as the dryer fabric 10 passes over steam heated cylinders or under hot air ducts to dry sheets of paper being conveyed thereon. The density ranges described above also assure that the sheet surface will be non-marking towards paper being conveyed thereon.
Figure 3 is an enlarged, cross-sectional side elevation of a portion of a dryer fabric 22 of the invention -supporting a sheet of formed paper 24. The fabric 22 has two yarn systems and is woven or ~oineà at its ends to form an endless belt. The yarns 26, 27, 28 extend in the machine direction of the belt comprise the weft of the fabric while the yarns 30, interwoven with yarns 26, 27, 28 comprise the warp yarns. The fabric 22 comprises 2 layers, that is a layer of interwoven yarns 26, 30 facing the paper sheet 29 to be dried and a lower weft layer of interwoven yarns 28, 30 facing away from the paper sheet 24. The yarns 26, 27, 28 may be spun yarns or multifilament yarns of hollow fibers or blends of staple fibers with hollow fibers. Advantageously, the yarns 26, 30 will be made to include hollow fibers having deniers of 3 to 15 and a length o' circa 1" to 6" while the yarns 27, 28 will contain hollow fibers with a denier of 5 to 30. The weave of fabric 22 should be suificiently dense t~
provide a smootl~, non-marking surface.
i137387 Figure 4 is an enlarged crcss-sectional side elevation of a portion of another embodiment fabric 32 of the invention which comprises a modification of the fabric 22 described above. As shown in ~igure ~, the i modification comprises needling a batt 34 of non-woven, textile fibers to the sheet side of the fabric 22.
The batt 34 may comprise a blend of wool fibers and synthetic fibers or it may be composed completely of synthetic fibers or completely of hollow fibers or a blend of hollow and not hollow fibers. In a way known per se the batt may also comprise melt fibers, i.e. synthetic ; fibers which have a lower melt point than the rest of the !
fibers in the batt. After the needling of the batt into ! the outer layer of fabric 22, the batt 34 is heated, e.g.
i , by means of hot air jets or contact ~ith a hot cylinGer to a temperature above the plastification point of these .
fibers whereby fibers at points melt together with the rest of the fibers in the batt at the contact points of the fibers. At the same time, the machine cloth should be exposed to an evenly distributed pressure from above which gives a certain remaining compression of the batt layer. Due to the melting together of the fibers only at points of the fibers in the batt layer, the machine cloth 1 retains its openness. ~he metho~ to attach, by means of i needling, a batt with or without a subse~uent heating and a . .
.
~ 7_ .;
1137;~87 , :
certain compression is well known and gives a smooth super surface to the finished fabric 32.
The following e~ample describes the manner and process of making and using the invention and sets forth the best mode contemplated by the inventor of carrying out the invention but is not to be construed as limiting.
Example 1 There is provided a quantity o' 0.020 inch diameter polyester monofilament and a ~uantity of 0.021 inch diameter polyamide (nylon) monofilament yarn. There is also provided a ~uantity of 500 grain per 100 yard size spun yarns composed of a blend of 75% hollow polyester fibers and 25%
acrylic fibers.
The monofilament yarns are woven together in a '!; , duplex pattern, i.e.; a double system of filling with a single system of warp yarns to form a base. Tne base is composed of two "ends" of the polyester mcnofilament and two "ends" of nylon m~nofilament alternating across the width of the fabric. Each "end" (warp) runs the length of the fabric. The spun yarn is simultaneously woven on top of the monofilament so as to cover each pair of monofilaments, altern2te spun yarns dropping down to interlace with alternate crosswise monofilament.
~3738`7 , The density of the monofilament warp yarns in the product is 48 ends to the inch in conjunction with 24 ends of spun yarn. The total end density is then 72 yarns to the inch. The number of "fillings" in the product is 25 monofilaments and 12-1/2 spun yarns per inch for a total of 37-1/2 fillings per inch.
The ends of the product are frayed to break the ends and monofilament loops handwoven back to provide a seamed structure. The ends are joined with a pin through the loops to obtain an endless belt. When installed on a paper machine . .
as a dryer felt, the fabric performs well in the ~anufacture of relatively fragile papers. The belt tracks well, is easily guided and exhibits a long life even after exposure to temperatures of circa 250~F.
, The felts of the invention may be finished in any ' conventional manner, i.e.; by heat setting and by chemical treatments to offer specific properties of runability and resistance to chemical and abrasive desradation.
Those s~illed in the art will appreciate that many modifications to the above-described preferred embodiments may be made without departing from the spirit and the scope of the invention.
. , , .
_ ~ _ . . .
' .
Claims (7)
1. In a papermachine dryer fabric, which comprises woven textile yarns, the improvement, which comprises; hollow fibers structurally integrated in said fabric.
2. The improved fabric of claim 1, wherein said fibers are integrated by inclusion in the yarns.
3. The improved fabric of claim 1, wherein said fibers are integrated by needling to the woven textile yarns.
4. A dryer felt, which comprises a multi-layer, flat woven, composite fabric having a woven base of synthetic polymeric resin monofilament and a soft surface of yarns which include hollow fibers.
5. The fabric of claim 4, wherein said yarn is selected from the group consisting of yarns spun from staple fibers of polyester, polyamide, polyacrylic, wool and mixtures thereof with hollow fibers.
6. The fabric of claim 5, wherein said monofilaments are selected from the group consisting of polyester, polyamide, polypropylene and polyimide.
7. The fabric of claim 6, having a density of warp yarns in the range of from 10 to 180 warp ends to the inch and a density of filling yarns in the range of from 10 to 60 picks to the inch.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US8588179A | 1979-10-17 | 1979-10-17 | |
| US85,881 | 1979-10-17 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1137387A true CA1137387A (en) | 1982-12-14 |
Family
ID=22194578
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000362554A Expired CA1137387A (en) | 1979-10-17 | 1980-10-16 | Papermachine dryer fabric |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5663093A (en) |
| AR (1) | AR226562A1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU531910B2 (en) |
| BR (1) | BR8004409A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1137387A (en) |
| MX (1) | MX156099A (en) |
| NZ (1) | NZ195276A (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA805078B (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4569883A (en) * | 1985-01-22 | 1986-02-11 | Albany International Corp. | Paper machine clothing |
| EP0633962B1 (en) * | 1992-02-28 | 1996-07-17 | Jwi Ltd | Paper machine dryer fabrics containing hollow monofilaments |
| CN113073416A (en) * | 2021-05-11 | 2021-07-06 | 李昌荣 | Fabric produced based on degradable fibers and production process thereof |
-
1980
- 1980-07-16 BR BR8004409A patent/BR8004409A/en unknown
- 1980-07-25 AR AR28191380A patent/AR226562A1/en active
- 1980-08-19 ZA ZA00805078A patent/ZA805078B/en unknown
- 1980-10-15 MX MX18435080A patent/MX156099A/en unknown
- 1980-10-16 JP JP14377280A patent/JPS5663093A/en active Pending
- 1980-10-16 CA CA000362554A patent/CA1137387A/en not_active Expired
- 1980-10-16 NZ NZ19527680A patent/NZ195276A/en unknown
- 1980-10-16 AU AU63416/80A patent/AU531910B2/en not_active Ceased
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS5663093A (en) | 1981-05-29 |
| MX156099A (en) | 1988-07-08 |
| NZ195276A (en) | 1983-05-10 |
| BR8004409A (en) | 1981-04-28 |
| ZA805078B (en) | 1981-09-30 |
| AU531910B2 (en) | 1983-09-08 |
| AR226562A1 (en) | 1982-07-30 |
| AU6341680A (en) | 1981-04-30 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US4141388A (en) | Paper machine dryer fabric | |
| US4569883A (en) | Paper machine clothing | |
| US4403632A (en) | Corrugator belt with high air permeability | |
| US4186780A (en) | Seam construction for multi-layer felts | |
| CA1158086A (en) | Papermakers wet felt with ribbed and smooth surface textures | |
| US4187618A (en) | Papermakers' felt | |
| US4259394A (en) | Papermaking fabrics with enhanced dimensional stability | |
| US4995429A (en) | Paper machine fabric | |
| US4632716A (en) | Woven low permeability fabric and method | |
| JPS5825798B2 (en) | Fabric for paper making machines made into flat sheets | |
| JPS63145497A (en) | Molded fabric | |
| JP2000514884A (en) | Seam structure for dryer cloth | |
| KR20000022017A (en) | Previously formed seam fabric | |
| US4829681A (en) | Paper machine clothing | |
| KR100327847B1 (en) | Press fabric | |
| US3316599A (en) | End fastening construction for drier belts | |
| KR101051330B1 (en) | Layered Press Fabric | |
| CA2072337A1 (en) | Papermaking fabric containing polypropylene terephthalate monofilaments and fibers | |
| US4639291A (en) | Method of controlling moisture profile in paper web in paper drying process and apparatus practicing same | |
| CA1137387A (en) | Papermachine dryer fabric | |
| US3279504A (en) | Fabric | |
| CA1240141A (en) | Method of controlling moisture profile in paper web in paper drying process and apparatus practicing same | |
| US3123892A (en) | Method of constructing a dimension- | |
| WO1980001086A1 (en) | Papermakers felts | |
| GB2289648A (en) | Corrugator fabric |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |