CA1136944A - Surgical catheters - Google Patents
Surgical cathetersInfo
- Publication number
- CA1136944A CA1136944A CA000327596A CA327596A CA1136944A CA 1136944 A CA1136944 A CA 1136944A CA 000327596 A CA000327596 A CA 000327596A CA 327596 A CA327596 A CA 327596A CA 1136944 A CA1136944 A CA 1136944A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- inflation
- sheets
- pilot balloon
- balloon
- line
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M25/00—Catheters; Hollow probes
- A61M25/10—Balloon catheters
- A61M25/1018—Balloon inflating or inflation-control devices
- A61M25/10181—Means for forcing inflation fluid into the balloon
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/04—Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/0434—Cuffs
- A61M16/044—External cuff pressure control or supply, e.g. synchronisation with respiration
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M25/00—Catheters; Hollow probes
- A61M25/10—Balloon catheters
- A61M25/1018—Balloon inflating or inflation-control devices
- A61M25/10184—Means for controlling or monitoring inflation or deflation
- A61M25/10187—Indicators for the level of inflation or deflation
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Pulmonology (AREA)
- Anesthesiology (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Hematology (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Child & Adolescent Psychology (AREA)
- Biophysics (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Media Introduction/Drainage Providing Device (AREA)
Abstract
A B S T R A C T
A surgical device, for example, a catheter, has an inflation element, for example an inflation cuff, which can be inflated by fluid pressure supplied through an inflation line. The inflation line contains a pilot balloon. The pilot balloon comprises two sheets arranged in face contact with each other and secured at the periphery together in an air-tight manner as by a weld. At least one of the sheets is deformable under the action of inflation pressure inside the pilot balloon which is connected with the inflation line so as to be responsive to pressure in the said line.
A surgical device, for example, a catheter, has an inflation element, for example an inflation cuff, which can be inflated by fluid pressure supplied through an inflation line. The inflation line contains a pilot balloon. The pilot balloon comprises two sheets arranged in face contact with each other and secured at the periphery together in an air-tight manner as by a weld. At least one of the sheets is deformable under the action of inflation pressure inside the pilot balloon which is connected with the inflation line so as to be responsive to pressure in the said line.
Description
B~GI~OU~D OF Tl~ INV~NTION
Balloon catheters are well known and comprise a main tube, usually called a "shaft" through which runs a main passacJc or "lumen". Inlet/outlct openings lead through the shaft and communicate witll the lumen near one end of the sllat, usually called thc distal end, which is intended to bc inserted into thc patient. An inflation cuff or balloon surrounds the shaft near the distal end.
This cuff can be inflated by air pressure supplied to the cuff through an inflation passagc or "line"running through the wall of the shaft and running into an inflation tube branching off from the shaft near the proximal end. This branch irflation tube often contains a balloon called a pilot balloon, which will be inflated when the inflation cuff is inflated so as to give an indication of the amount of inflation of the inflation cuff which is not visible, being inserted into the patient.
In a ~nown such cathetcr, the pilot balloon is fabricated from sheet polyvinylchloridc welded into a flat pilot balloon outline, and an cxtrudcd tube extends through the weld into and out oE thc pilot balloon. It is very difficult to fabricate pilot balloons of this character. Furthermorc, they are not cntircly reliable . . ; ~e, .,, ~
.- ,.
because inflation pressure is inclined to leak from them and this results in an unacceptably high number of rejects during manufacture. It is exceedir.gly important that there is no leaka~e from the pilot balloon.
In some cases such leakage may even have fatal consequences for a patient.
~ n object of tne invention is to providc an improved catheter ~ this character which is mcre reliable than those previously available and in which the pilot balloon will give a bettcr indication of the inflation cuff than is the case with known catheters.
BRIEF SUMMAR~ OF TE~E INVENTION
l'he present invention provides a surgical device comprising an inflation element which can be inflated by pressure supplied through an inflation line cont~in ing a pilot balloon, wherein the pilol- b~lloon comprises two sheets of material arranged in face contact with each other and secured together at the periphery in an airti~ht manner, at least one of the sheets being deformable under the action of inflation pressure inside the pilot balloon, the pilot balloon beinq connected with the inflation line so as to be responsive to pressure in~
the said line. The surgical device may be a surgical catheter and the inflation element may be an inflation cuff surrounding a shaft of the catheter, wherein the 113~4 pilot balloon comprises two sheets of flexible material arranyed in face contact with each otller and secured together at t11e perimeter in an air-tight manner, the inflation lin~ bei11g in two parts each onc of which is secured to one of tlle sheets of the pilot balloon and opens inside the pilot balloon. Tl~e surgical device need not, howevcr, be a cathetcr, but may be a device, for example, a nasal plug, having an inflating component associated with a pilot balloon.
13~ F DBSC'RIP'l`ION OF ~ 'CO~1P~NYING
DR~WIN~S
_ Figure l is a diagram illustrating a balloon catheter.
Figure 2 is a fra~mentary perspective view illustrating part of a pilot balloon Gf th~ catheter, Figure 3 is a cross-section throug11 a pilot balloon in a deflated condition, Figllre 4 i5 a perspective view of a branch inflation line of the catheter showing the pilot balloon in a deflated condition, and Figure 5 is a similar view showinq the pilot balloon in an id~alised inflated conditior1.
Dl:.SCRIPTION OF PRL'F1.RR['D 1:MBODI~1r`NTS
In the illustratecl embodin1ent Or the invention, a surgical catheter for endotrac11eal use comprises a hollow shaft l of thermoplastic m~terial such as 113~44 polyvinylchloride. The shaft 1 has a main passage or lumen 2 running through the shaft and opening at one end 3 intended to be inserted into the patient, this end beiny called the distal end. ~n inflation cuff or balloon 4 surrounds the shaft 1 ncar the distal end. This inflation cuff or balloon can be inflated by air pressure applied through a subsidiary passage or inflation line 5 running through the wall of tlle~ shaft and terminating at openings 6 beneath the cuff 4. The inflation line branches into a tube 7 near the proximal end of the shaft.
This branch portion 7 of the inflation line terminates in a connector 8 arranged to receive an end of a syrir.ge, not shown, used to inflate the cuff or balloon 4. The branch inflation line 7 includes a pilot balloon 9 which is inflatable when the cuff 4 is inflated and gives a visual and tactile indication of the amount of inflation of the cuff. The pilot balloon 9 comprises two circular sheets or discs of thermoplastic material such as poly-vinylchloride. These sheets 10 have central apertures surrounded and reinforced by sholt integral tube portions defining bosses 11. The sheets are arranged in face contact with each other as shown clcarly in Fiyures 3 and 4.
They are sealed together at their perimeters in an air-tight manner. The sealing may be provided by a weld 12 which is preferably effected by radio frequency heating.
113~944 The contacting faces of the shcets may have protuberances to ensure that the contacting faces will separate easily when the pilot balloon is inflated. Such protuberances may be convenicntly provided by extcnding the bosses 11 to the other sidc of the sheet as shown to an exaggerated scalc at lla in Figure 2. The extensions lla have groovcs llb through which air may flow. Sucll protuberances are not csselltial, b~ they are dcsira~lc to cnsure rcliability of inflation if the contacting faces arc of some materials sùch as shiny polyvinylchloride which have a tendency to stick togethc-r. The branch inflation line 7 is in two parts and thc ends of each of thcse two parts are welded by solvent welding to the collars 11 as clearly shown in Figurc 5. When air pressure i~ applied through the inflation line 5, 7 to inflate the cuff 4, the pilot balloon 9 comprising the two shcets 10 is also inflated and the balloon will have the approximately spherical configuration illustrated in Figure 5. This configuration gives a better indication of the extent of inflation of the cuff 4, because the inflation line 7 is in two parts which can move apart with the sheets 10 when the pilot balloon is inflatcd. In addition, the weld 12 is sufficiently narrow that it can readily distort on inflation oE the pilot balloon so that it will not impose forces which will adversely affcct the indicating qualities ~136~44 of the pilot balloon. If desircd thc two sheets 10 have differing shades or colours to make it easier to see the degree of inflation.
The inflation pressure in the cuff or balloon 4 is dependent on the nature and dimensions of the material of the sheets 10 and the dimc:nsions of the peripheral weld 12. It follows, therefore, that if these parameters are suitably selectcd and controlled so as to be known the visible dcyree of inflation of the pilot balloon 9 will give an in~ication of thc inflation pressure in the cuff or balloon 4.
Balloon catheters are well known and comprise a main tube, usually called a "shaft" through which runs a main passacJc or "lumen". Inlet/outlct openings lead through the shaft and communicate witll the lumen near one end of the sllat, usually called thc distal end, which is intended to bc inserted into thc patient. An inflation cuff or balloon surrounds the shaft near the distal end.
This cuff can be inflated by air pressure supplied to the cuff through an inflation passagc or "line"running through the wall of the shaft and running into an inflation tube branching off from the shaft near the proximal end. This branch irflation tube often contains a balloon called a pilot balloon, which will be inflated when the inflation cuff is inflated so as to give an indication of the amount of inflation of the inflation cuff which is not visible, being inserted into the patient.
In a ~nown such cathetcr, the pilot balloon is fabricated from sheet polyvinylchloridc welded into a flat pilot balloon outline, and an cxtrudcd tube extends through the weld into and out oE thc pilot balloon. It is very difficult to fabricate pilot balloons of this character. Furthermorc, they are not cntircly reliable . . ; ~e, .,, ~
.- ,.
because inflation pressure is inclined to leak from them and this results in an unacceptably high number of rejects during manufacture. It is exceedir.gly important that there is no leaka~e from the pilot balloon.
In some cases such leakage may even have fatal consequences for a patient.
~ n object of tne invention is to providc an improved catheter ~ this character which is mcre reliable than those previously available and in which the pilot balloon will give a bettcr indication of the inflation cuff than is the case with known catheters.
BRIEF SUMMAR~ OF TE~E INVENTION
l'he present invention provides a surgical device comprising an inflation element which can be inflated by pressure supplied through an inflation line cont~in ing a pilot balloon, wherein the pilol- b~lloon comprises two sheets of material arranged in face contact with each other and secured together at the periphery in an airti~ht manner, at least one of the sheets being deformable under the action of inflation pressure inside the pilot balloon, the pilot balloon beinq connected with the inflation line so as to be responsive to pressure in~
the said line. The surgical device may be a surgical catheter and the inflation element may be an inflation cuff surrounding a shaft of the catheter, wherein the 113~4 pilot balloon comprises two sheets of flexible material arranyed in face contact with each otller and secured together at t11e perimeter in an air-tight manner, the inflation lin~ bei11g in two parts each onc of which is secured to one of tlle sheets of the pilot balloon and opens inside the pilot balloon. Tl~e surgical device need not, howevcr, be a cathetcr, but may be a device, for example, a nasal plug, having an inflating component associated with a pilot balloon.
13~ F DBSC'RIP'l`ION OF ~ 'CO~1P~NYING
DR~WIN~S
_ Figure l is a diagram illustrating a balloon catheter.
Figure 2 is a fra~mentary perspective view illustrating part of a pilot balloon Gf th~ catheter, Figure 3 is a cross-section throug11 a pilot balloon in a deflated condition, Figllre 4 i5 a perspective view of a branch inflation line of the catheter showing the pilot balloon in a deflated condition, and Figure 5 is a similar view showinq the pilot balloon in an id~alised inflated conditior1.
Dl:.SCRIPTION OF PRL'F1.RR['D 1:MBODI~1r`NTS
In the illustratecl embodin1ent Or the invention, a surgical catheter for endotrac11eal use comprises a hollow shaft l of thermoplastic m~terial such as 113~44 polyvinylchloride. The shaft 1 has a main passage or lumen 2 running through the shaft and opening at one end 3 intended to be inserted into the patient, this end beiny called the distal end. ~n inflation cuff or balloon 4 surrounds the shaft 1 ncar the distal end. This inflation cuff or balloon can be inflated by air pressure applied through a subsidiary passage or inflation line 5 running through the wall of tlle~ shaft and terminating at openings 6 beneath the cuff 4. The inflation line branches into a tube 7 near the proximal end of the shaft.
This branch portion 7 of the inflation line terminates in a connector 8 arranged to receive an end of a syrir.ge, not shown, used to inflate the cuff or balloon 4. The branch inflation line 7 includes a pilot balloon 9 which is inflatable when the cuff 4 is inflated and gives a visual and tactile indication of the amount of inflation of the cuff. The pilot balloon 9 comprises two circular sheets or discs of thermoplastic material such as poly-vinylchloride. These sheets 10 have central apertures surrounded and reinforced by sholt integral tube portions defining bosses 11. The sheets are arranged in face contact with each other as shown clcarly in Fiyures 3 and 4.
They are sealed together at their perimeters in an air-tight manner. The sealing may be provided by a weld 12 which is preferably effected by radio frequency heating.
113~944 The contacting faces of the shcets may have protuberances to ensure that the contacting faces will separate easily when the pilot balloon is inflated. Such protuberances may be convenicntly provided by extcnding the bosses 11 to the other sidc of the sheet as shown to an exaggerated scalc at lla in Figure 2. The extensions lla have groovcs llb through which air may flow. Sucll protuberances are not csselltial, b~ they are dcsira~lc to cnsure rcliability of inflation if the contacting faces arc of some materials sùch as shiny polyvinylchloride which have a tendency to stick togethc-r. The branch inflation line 7 is in two parts and thc ends of each of thcse two parts are welded by solvent welding to the collars 11 as clearly shown in Figurc 5. When air pressure i~ applied through the inflation line 5, 7 to inflate the cuff 4, the pilot balloon 9 comprising the two shcets 10 is also inflated and the balloon will have the approximately spherical configuration illustrated in Figure 5. This configuration gives a better indication of the extent of inflation of the cuff 4, because the inflation line 7 is in two parts which can move apart with the sheets 10 when the pilot balloon is inflatcd. In addition, the weld 12 is sufficiently narrow that it can readily distort on inflation oE the pilot balloon so that it will not impose forces which will adversely affcct the indicating qualities ~136~44 of the pilot balloon. If desircd thc two sheets 10 have differing shades or colours to make it easier to see the degree of inflation.
The inflation pressure in the cuff or balloon 4 is dependent on the nature and dimensions of the material of the sheets 10 and the dimc:nsions of the peripheral weld 12. It follows, therefore, that if these parameters are suitably selectcd and controlled so as to be known the visible dcyree of inflation of the pilot balloon 9 will give an in~ication of thc inflation pressure in the cuff or balloon 4.
Claims (5)
1. A surgical device comprising an inflation element which can be inflated by fluid pressure supplied through an inflation line containing a pilot balloon, wherein the pilot balloon comprises two sheets of material arranged face to face and secured together at the periphery in an air tight manner, at least one of the sheets being capable of being deformed under the action of inflation pressure inside the pilot balloon, the inflation line being in two parts each one of which is secured to one of the sheets and opens inside the pilot balloon.
2. A device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the two sheets are of flexible material and are sealed together at their perimeters in an air-tight manner, each of the sheets having an opening surrounded by a collar and a portion of the inflation line being received in each collar and being secured thereto in an air-tight manner.
3. A device as claimed in claim 2, wherein the two sheets of material of the pilot balloon are of differing shades or colour.
4. A device as claimed in claim 2, wherein the opposite faces of the sheets have protuberances.
5. A surgical device as claimed in claim 1 wherein the device is a catheter and the inflation element is a cuff surrounding the shaft of the catheter.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB7827246 | 1978-06-19 | ||
| GB27246/78 | 1978-06-19 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1136944A true CA1136944A (en) | 1982-12-07 |
Family
ID=10498029
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000327596A Expired CA1136944A (en) | 1978-06-19 | 1979-05-15 | Surgical catheters |
Country Status (10)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS552482A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU525574B2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1136944A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2922244A1 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK254379A (en) |
| ES (1) | ES481688A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2429022A1 (en) |
| IT (1) | IT7949412A0 (en) |
| SE (1) | SE7905356L (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA792450B (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4495948A (en) * | 1981-08-10 | 1985-01-29 | Bivona Surgical Instruments, Inc. | Tracheal tubes |
| FR2546757A1 (en) * | 1983-06-03 | 1984-12-07 | Carlier Yves | Probe or catheter with inflatable balloon and mode of utilisation thereof |
| GB8800447D0 (en) * | 1988-01-09 | 1988-02-10 | Smiths Industries Plc | Inflation indicators for cuffed tubes |
| JPH0738341Y2 (en) * | 1992-09-09 | 1995-08-30 | 北海道開発局建設機械工作所長 | Road structure cleaning machine |
| CA2194759C (en) * | 1994-07-12 | 1999-09-14 | Donald O. Smith | X-ray apparatus for applying a predetermined flux to an interior surface of a body cavity |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2667875A (en) * | 1951-03-30 | 1954-02-02 | American Cystoscope Makers Inc | Inflatable retention catheter |
| GB1402255A (en) * | 1971-09-24 | 1975-08-06 | Smiths Industries Ltd | Medical or surgical devices of the kind having an inflatable balloon |
-
1979
- 1979-05-15 CA CA000327596A patent/CA1136944A/en not_active Expired
- 1979-05-16 AU AU47134/79A patent/AU525574B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1979-05-21 ZA ZA792450A patent/ZA792450B/en unknown
- 1979-05-31 FR FR7913962A patent/FR2429022A1/en active Pending
- 1979-05-31 DE DE19792922244 patent/DE2922244A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1979-06-05 JP JP7050879A patent/JPS552482A/en active Pending
- 1979-06-14 IT IT7949412A patent/IT7949412A0/en unknown
- 1979-06-18 SE SE7905356A patent/SE7905356L/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1979-06-18 DK DK254379A patent/DK254379A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1979-06-19 ES ES481688A patent/ES481688A1/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU525574B2 (en) | 1982-11-11 |
| JPS552482A (en) | 1980-01-09 |
| ES481688A1 (en) | 1980-08-16 |
| DK254379A (en) | 1979-12-20 |
| SE7905356L (en) | 1979-12-20 |
| IT7949412A0 (en) | 1979-06-14 |
| AU4713479A (en) | 1980-01-03 |
| ZA792450B (en) | 1980-05-28 |
| FR2429022A1 (en) | 1980-01-18 |
| DE2922244A1 (en) | 1979-12-20 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |