CA1136794A - Process for incorporating waste rubber crumb into asphalt emulsions - Google Patents
Process for incorporating waste rubber crumb into asphalt emulsionsInfo
- Publication number
- CA1136794A CA1136794A CA000344656A CA344656A CA1136794A CA 1136794 A CA1136794 A CA 1136794A CA 000344656 A CA000344656 A CA 000344656A CA 344656 A CA344656 A CA 344656A CA 1136794 A CA1136794 A CA 1136794A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- rubber
- process according
- emulsifier
- crumb
- asphalt
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Landscapes
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
In a preferred embodiment, a rubber asphalt com-position for road construction or maintenance is formed by pretreating ground rubber crumb (from vulcanized, unvulcan-ized or partially devulcanized rubber) with an anionic emul-sifier such as tall oil or vinsol resin and then stirring the treated crumb into an anionic asphalt emulsion. The emulsifier used to coat the rubber crumb is preferably the same as the emulsifier used in the asphalt emulsion.
In a preferred embodiment, a rubber asphalt com-position for road construction or maintenance is formed by pretreating ground rubber crumb (from vulcanized, unvulcan-ized or partially devulcanized rubber) with an anionic emul-sifier such as tall oil or vinsol resin and then stirring the treated crumb into an anionic asphalt emulsion. The emulsifier used to coat the rubber crumb is preferably the same as the emulsifier used in the asphalt emulsion.
Description
~3~
PROCESS FOR INCORPORATING WASTE RUBBER CRUMB INTO ASPHALT
EMULS I ONS
BACKGROUND OE THE INVENTION
Rubber asphalt composition for road construction or maintenance usin~ small amounts (0.1 to 10%) o~ unvul-canized natural or synthetic rubber have been known for over half a eentury. Compositions of an asphalt emulsion com-bined with a small amount of rubber latex (under 10%) are also known. However, developments combining asphalt with vulcanized rubber crumb, a waste product from scrap tires, tire buffings and the like, have lagged somewhat.
A patent describing the introduction of up to 15 vulcanized waste rubber particles in~o hot asphalt for a road surfacing eomposition was issued in the late 1930's (Fr. 811750, U.S. 2138734) but, for several reasons was ignored by the road constructîon industry. It was not until the 1960's that work along similar lines was resumed through the efforts of C.H. McDonald, reports of which first appear-ed in the Highway Research Reeord, No: 146, published Decem-ber 1966 by the Highway Research Board in Washington, D.C.
The proeedures developed are described in Canadian patent 1015882.
Essentially, that process involved stirring in one , 3~3~
part vulcanized rubber crumb into between 2 and 3 parts of asphalt heated between 350 - 500F (149-260C). After the reaction between the rubber and the asphalt was com-plete, kerosene (about 6% by volume) was added to tempora-rily reduce the viscosity of the mixture. The binder so produced then had to be applied to the road surface within a relatively short period of time (0.5 to 1.5 hours) after which the viscosity of the binder was too high for it to be sprayed even using the special equipment designed to handle the material.
There are a number of disadvantages of the pro-cess just described. Firstly, temperatures of 350 - 500F
require higher energy inputs than those normally encounter-ed in asphalt plants involved in construction Secondly, the addition of kerosene at these temperatures, ~ell above its flash point, presented not only a serious fire hazard, but also an extra energy expense in the road surfacing com-position. ~astly, the relatively short period of time during which the rubber asphalt binder remained workable required ~0 that the manufacturing plant be situated in very close pro-ximity of the construction site and sophisticated units de-signed to manufacture, transport and spray this rubber as-phalt were costly to purchase.
Recognizing some of these difficulties, the same ::
; :' 1~36~
inventor, C.H. McDonald, devised a method for emulsifying the rubber asphalt paving material in water. (Canadian Patent 1042145). This emulsion could be stirred, poured and sprayed under ambient temperatures. Thixotropic emul-sions thus prepared on a small scale (less than 525 grams) were stabilized by the addition of boiled cornstarch used as a thickener. In this process, the hazards and higher energy inputs associated with the preparation of the rubber asphalt prior to emulsification were not entirely elimina-ted - temperatures of 350 - 500~F were still required and the addition of kerosene was optional.
The object of the present invention is to provide a new method for introducing vulcanized, unvulcanized or reclaimed rubber crumb into asphalt in a stable emulsion form which would avoid the hazards and energy costs of the existing method.
~ suggestion for how this might be accomplished ap-peared in Canadian patent 435837, where an asphalt emulsion (prepared with bentonite) was combined with a dispersion of ~round vulcanized rubber, bentonite, oxalic acid/ wetting a~ent and amphibole in water to produce a sealing composi-tion for joints, seams or crevices in automobile bodies.
SUM~RY OF THE INVENTION
It has been discovered that a rubber asphalt com-- - ..: :
,, ,:
.
:1~367~4 position suitable for use as a road surfacing binder in the form of a stable emulsion can be readily prepared by simply combining an anionic asphalt emulsion with ground rubber crumb whose surface has been pretreated with an anionic emulsifier solution. This emulsion or dispersion is stable for up to four months under ambient conditions, during which time a small degree of reversible settling takes place. Gentle agitation readily redisperses what rubber had begun to settle.
In accordance with the invention there is provid-ed a process for incorporating rubber crumb into asphalt emulsion comprising pretreating the rubber crumb with an anionic emulsifier solution sufficient to wet substantially all of the surfaces of the rubber crumb, and then mixing the pretreated rubber crumb into an anionic asphalt emulsion in the ratio of between 1:1 and 1:19 by weight or rubber to asphalt to form a rubber asphalt emulsion.
A further aspect of the invention consists of a process for incorporating rubber crumb into asphalt emulsion ~0 comprising pretreating the rubber crumb with an anionic ernul-sifier solution sufficient to wet substantially all the sur-faces of the rubber crumb, and then mixing the pretreated rub-ber crumb into an anionic asphalt emulsion to form a rubber asphalt emulsion wherein the emulsifier solution includes an . .
, ' ., emulsifier which effects wetting of the rubber crumb and in which the proportion of the emulsifier in the pretreatment solution is between 0.1% and 25% by weight depending upon the stability of the rubber asphalt emulsion required, and in which the proportion of emulsifier solution to rubber crumb is between 0.3 and 1.2 to 1 by weight.
With the foregoing in view, and other advantages as will become apparent to those skilled in the art to which this invention relates as this specification proceeds, a descrip-tion of the preferred typical embodiment of the principles of the present invention, is herein described.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
In a preferred embodiment of this invention, an as-phalt emulsion is prepared in a manner known to anyone skilled in the art using whatever hardness of asphalt is desired for the application and an anionic emulsifier such as tall oil, vinsol resin or the like. The resulting emulsion contains pre-ferably between 55% to 70~ asphalt by weight.
Suitable rubbers are those which undergo swelling upon exposure to aromatic, naphthenic or aliphatic oils or sol-vents and include natural rubber, isoprene rubber, butadiene rubber, butadiene-styrene rubber, butyl rubber and ethylene propylene rubbers which may be vulcanized, unvulcanized or re-claimed rubbers.
Depending upon the properties desired in the rubber asphalt emulsion or its residue, the proportions of rubber , ~
~36~7~
to asphalt in the composition may range from 1:1 to 1:19 or even lower.
The particle size of the ground rubber crumb is preferably from about 16 mesh to about 200 mesh USS.
The crumb is treated with a sufficient amount of anionic emulsifier solution to wet its surface. It is then added to the asphalt emulsion and simply stirred in, yield-ing a stable emulsion or dispersion whose pH should exceed 10 and would preferably be in the range of 11-12.5 for im-proved storage stability.
The emulsifier used in the solution to precoatthe rubber crumb is preferably the same emulsifier as was used in preparation of the anionic asphalt emulsion. While it is possible to use a nonionic emulsifier, an anionic emulsifier other than that used in the asphalt emulsion, or no pretreatment of the rubber crumb at all, experience has shown that in those cases pumping the resultant rubber as-phalt emulsion leads to the formation of irreversible agglo-merations (lumps), indicating the instability of the emul-~0 sion which has begun to b,reak. An exception to this is the addition of rubber crumb directly (without pretreatment) in-to a very stable slow setting asphalt emulsion prepared with vinsol resin.
The emulsifier solution used in rubber crumb pre-~3~79~
treatment is prepared by heating a mixture of emulsifier,sufficient sodium or potassium hydroxide to saponify the fatty and resin acids in the emulsifier and water of such quantity to bring the emulsifier content to the desired content.
In all of the following examples, a slight amount of reversible settling of rubber was detected after several days. The settling solids were readily redispersed upon ~entle agitation. A thin, nearly clear layer of water form-ed at the top of the rubber asphalt emulsion after several days of standing undisturbed, demonstrates a process simi-lar to syneresis observed in gels. Water in excess of the emulsion's re~uirement for a stable structure is expelled.
This same phenomenon was observed when an asphalt emulsion was diluted with an aqueous emulsifier solution and allowed to stand for several days.
The following represents the preferred rubber as-` phalt emulsion formulation used as a seal coat binder applied to a road surface:
Anionic asphalt emulsion (65% asphalt).... 3100 gallons 30 mesh rubber crumb....................... 4945 pounds 5% anionic emulsifier solution............. 280 ~allons EXAMPLE I
30 mesh vulcanized rubber crumb (162.5 grams) was .
. ' -: , ~9 3~94 precoate~ with a 5~ solution of basic tall oil solution (150 grams) then stirred into an anionic asphalt emulsion (250 grams, 65% asphalt) prepared with tall oil as the emulsifier.
The resulting dispersion had a viscosity which would enable the product to be pumped and sprayed through a nozzle. After storage overnight, the dispersion was still smooth (not lumpy) but its viscosity had risen to a point where it would not have sprayed evenly through a nozzle.
In preparation of a 5% basic tall oil solution, first a 25~ solution was made by heating crude tall oil (500 grams, 25%) with sodium or potassium hydroxide (55 - 200 grams,
PROCESS FOR INCORPORATING WASTE RUBBER CRUMB INTO ASPHALT
EMULS I ONS
BACKGROUND OE THE INVENTION
Rubber asphalt composition for road construction or maintenance usin~ small amounts (0.1 to 10%) o~ unvul-canized natural or synthetic rubber have been known for over half a eentury. Compositions of an asphalt emulsion com-bined with a small amount of rubber latex (under 10%) are also known. However, developments combining asphalt with vulcanized rubber crumb, a waste product from scrap tires, tire buffings and the like, have lagged somewhat.
A patent describing the introduction of up to 15 vulcanized waste rubber particles in~o hot asphalt for a road surfacing eomposition was issued in the late 1930's (Fr. 811750, U.S. 2138734) but, for several reasons was ignored by the road constructîon industry. It was not until the 1960's that work along similar lines was resumed through the efforts of C.H. McDonald, reports of which first appear-ed in the Highway Research Reeord, No: 146, published Decem-ber 1966 by the Highway Research Board in Washington, D.C.
The proeedures developed are described in Canadian patent 1015882.
Essentially, that process involved stirring in one , 3~3~
part vulcanized rubber crumb into between 2 and 3 parts of asphalt heated between 350 - 500F (149-260C). After the reaction between the rubber and the asphalt was com-plete, kerosene (about 6% by volume) was added to tempora-rily reduce the viscosity of the mixture. The binder so produced then had to be applied to the road surface within a relatively short period of time (0.5 to 1.5 hours) after which the viscosity of the binder was too high for it to be sprayed even using the special equipment designed to handle the material.
There are a number of disadvantages of the pro-cess just described. Firstly, temperatures of 350 - 500F
require higher energy inputs than those normally encounter-ed in asphalt plants involved in construction Secondly, the addition of kerosene at these temperatures, ~ell above its flash point, presented not only a serious fire hazard, but also an extra energy expense in the road surfacing com-position. ~astly, the relatively short period of time during which the rubber asphalt binder remained workable required ~0 that the manufacturing plant be situated in very close pro-ximity of the construction site and sophisticated units de-signed to manufacture, transport and spray this rubber as-phalt were costly to purchase.
Recognizing some of these difficulties, the same ::
; :' 1~36~
inventor, C.H. McDonald, devised a method for emulsifying the rubber asphalt paving material in water. (Canadian Patent 1042145). This emulsion could be stirred, poured and sprayed under ambient temperatures. Thixotropic emul-sions thus prepared on a small scale (less than 525 grams) were stabilized by the addition of boiled cornstarch used as a thickener. In this process, the hazards and higher energy inputs associated with the preparation of the rubber asphalt prior to emulsification were not entirely elimina-ted - temperatures of 350 - 500~F were still required and the addition of kerosene was optional.
The object of the present invention is to provide a new method for introducing vulcanized, unvulcanized or reclaimed rubber crumb into asphalt in a stable emulsion form which would avoid the hazards and energy costs of the existing method.
~ suggestion for how this might be accomplished ap-peared in Canadian patent 435837, where an asphalt emulsion (prepared with bentonite) was combined with a dispersion of ~round vulcanized rubber, bentonite, oxalic acid/ wetting a~ent and amphibole in water to produce a sealing composi-tion for joints, seams or crevices in automobile bodies.
SUM~RY OF THE INVENTION
It has been discovered that a rubber asphalt com-- - ..: :
,, ,:
.
:1~367~4 position suitable for use as a road surfacing binder in the form of a stable emulsion can be readily prepared by simply combining an anionic asphalt emulsion with ground rubber crumb whose surface has been pretreated with an anionic emulsifier solution. This emulsion or dispersion is stable for up to four months under ambient conditions, during which time a small degree of reversible settling takes place. Gentle agitation readily redisperses what rubber had begun to settle.
In accordance with the invention there is provid-ed a process for incorporating rubber crumb into asphalt emulsion comprising pretreating the rubber crumb with an anionic emulsifier solution sufficient to wet substantially all of the surfaces of the rubber crumb, and then mixing the pretreated rubber crumb into an anionic asphalt emulsion in the ratio of between 1:1 and 1:19 by weight or rubber to asphalt to form a rubber asphalt emulsion.
A further aspect of the invention consists of a process for incorporating rubber crumb into asphalt emulsion ~0 comprising pretreating the rubber crumb with an anionic ernul-sifier solution sufficient to wet substantially all the sur-faces of the rubber crumb, and then mixing the pretreated rub-ber crumb into an anionic asphalt emulsion to form a rubber asphalt emulsion wherein the emulsifier solution includes an . .
, ' ., emulsifier which effects wetting of the rubber crumb and in which the proportion of the emulsifier in the pretreatment solution is between 0.1% and 25% by weight depending upon the stability of the rubber asphalt emulsion required, and in which the proportion of emulsifier solution to rubber crumb is between 0.3 and 1.2 to 1 by weight.
With the foregoing in view, and other advantages as will become apparent to those skilled in the art to which this invention relates as this specification proceeds, a descrip-tion of the preferred typical embodiment of the principles of the present invention, is herein described.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
In a preferred embodiment of this invention, an as-phalt emulsion is prepared in a manner known to anyone skilled in the art using whatever hardness of asphalt is desired for the application and an anionic emulsifier such as tall oil, vinsol resin or the like. The resulting emulsion contains pre-ferably between 55% to 70~ asphalt by weight.
Suitable rubbers are those which undergo swelling upon exposure to aromatic, naphthenic or aliphatic oils or sol-vents and include natural rubber, isoprene rubber, butadiene rubber, butadiene-styrene rubber, butyl rubber and ethylene propylene rubbers which may be vulcanized, unvulcanized or re-claimed rubbers.
Depending upon the properties desired in the rubber asphalt emulsion or its residue, the proportions of rubber , ~
~36~7~
to asphalt in the composition may range from 1:1 to 1:19 or even lower.
The particle size of the ground rubber crumb is preferably from about 16 mesh to about 200 mesh USS.
The crumb is treated with a sufficient amount of anionic emulsifier solution to wet its surface. It is then added to the asphalt emulsion and simply stirred in, yield-ing a stable emulsion or dispersion whose pH should exceed 10 and would preferably be in the range of 11-12.5 for im-proved storage stability.
The emulsifier used in the solution to precoatthe rubber crumb is preferably the same emulsifier as was used in preparation of the anionic asphalt emulsion. While it is possible to use a nonionic emulsifier, an anionic emulsifier other than that used in the asphalt emulsion, or no pretreatment of the rubber crumb at all, experience has shown that in those cases pumping the resultant rubber as-phalt emulsion leads to the formation of irreversible agglo-merations (lumps), indicating the instability of the emul-~0 sion which has begun to b,reak. An exception to this is the addition of rubber crumb directly (without pretreatment) in-to a very stable slow setting asphalt emulsion prepared with vinsol resin.
The emulsifier solution used in rubber crumb pre-~3~79~
treatment is prepared by heating a mixture of emulsifier,sufficient sodium or potassium hydroxide to saponify the fatty and resin acids in the emulsifier and water of such quantity to bring the emulsifier content to the desired content.
In all of the following examples, a slight amount of reversible settling of rubber was detected after several days. The settling solids were readily redispersed upon ~entle agitation. A thin, nearly clear layer of water form-ed at the top of the rubber asphalt emulsion after several days of standing undisturbed, demonstrates a process simi-lar to syneresis observed in gels. Water in excess of the emulsion's re~uirement for a stable structure is expelled.
This same phenomenon was observed when an asphalt emulsion was diluted with an aqueous emulsifier solution and allowed to stand for several days.
The following represents the preferred rubber as-` phalt emulsion formulation used as a seal coat binder applied to a road surface:
Anionic asphalt emulsion (65% asphalt).... 3100 gallons 30 mesh rubber crumb....................... 4945 pounds 5% anionic emulsifier solution............. 280 ~allons EXAMPLE I
30 mesh vulcanized rubber crumb (162.5 grams) was .
. ' -: , ~9 3~94 precoate~ with a 5~ solution of basic tall oil solution (150 grams) then stirred into an anionic asphalt emulsion (250 grams, 65% asphalt) prepared with tall oil as the emulsifier.
The resulting dispersion had a viscosity which would enable the product to be pumped and sprayed through a nozzle. After storage overnight, the dispersion was still smooth (not lumpy) but its viscosity had risen to a point where it would not have sprayed evenly through a nozzle.
In preparation of a 5% basic tall oil solution, first a 25~ solution was made by heating crude tall oil (500 grams, 25%) with sodium or potassium hydroxide (55 - 200 grams,
2.75 - 10~ and soft water (1445 - 1200 grams, 72.25~ - 60%) to 165F (74C) while stirring, then diluting 1 part of this solution with four parts soft water.
EXA~IPLE 2 30 mesh ground vulcanized rubber crumb (97.5 grams) was precoated with a 5% basic tall oil solution (95 grams) and then stirred into an anionic asphalt emulsion (300 grams, 65% asphalt) prepared with tall oil emulsifier. The viscosity ~0 of the emulsion, taken at 77F (25C) using the #2 spindle o~ a Brookfield RVT viscometer, was as follows:
RP~i VISCOSITY RPM VISCOSITY
(Centipoise) (Centipoise) 0.5 12,000 10 1320 1 7,400 20 810 .
~:~367~L
2.5 3,760 50 44~
2,400 100 294 30 mesh rubber crumb (65 grams) was precoated with a 5~ basic tall oil solution ~63.2 grams) then stirred into an anionic asphalt emulsion (300 grams, 65% asphalt) prepared with tall oil emulsifier. The rheological charac-teristics of this dispersion were studied over a period of 65 days, as was that of the asphalt emulsion used, using a Brookfield RVT viscometer, Spindle #2, at 77F.
R~MVISCOSITY-DAY 1VISCOSITY-DAY 4 VISCOSITY-DAY 65 (centipoise) (centipoise) (centipoise) Rubber Asphalt Rubber ~er Asphalt dispersion ~m~sion Dispersion Dispersion Emulsion 0.58,800 16,400 11,200 34,80027,600 15,600 12,800 6,400 19,4001~,000 2.52,800 7,520 3,040 10,400 9,760 51,640 4r600 1,760 6,480 5~640 960 2,860 1,040 E~LE 4 16 mesh rubber crumb (216.7 grams) was precoated with a 5~
basic tall oil solution (150 grams) then added to an anionic asphalt ', ' :;
.
-. , :
~3~94 emulsion (1000 grams, 65% asphalt). The viscosity of thedispersion and of the asphalt emulsion used was determined at 77F and at 140F using Spindle #2 of the Brookfield RVT viscometer.
RPM DISPERSION VISCOSITY ASPHALT EMULSION VISCOSITY
(centipoise) (centip~ise) @ 77F @140F @ 77F @ 140F
0.5 6~00 4400 15,600 6,800 3800 2600 9, 800 4,000 2.5 1920 1360 4,800 2,000 1120 880 2,720 1,280 660 560 1,560 820 30 mesh rubber crumb (48.75) grams) was precoated with a 5% basic tall oil solution (47~5 grams) then added to an anionic asphalt emulsion prepared with tall oil as the emulsifier (300 grams, 65~ asphalt). The viscosity of the dispersion was determined, as was that of the asphalt emul-sion, using the #2 spindle of a Brookfield RVT viscometer, at 77F.
-1~3~79~
RPM DISPERSION VISCOSITY ASPHALT EMULSION
VISCOSITY
(centipoise) (centipoise) 0.59200 14,800 1 5800 11,200 2.52800 6,240 1600 3,720 940 2,260 570 1,420 30 mesh rubber crumb (20.6 grams) was precoated with a 5% basic tall oil solution (20 grams) then stirred into an anionic asphalt emulsion (300 grams, 65% asphalt).
The viscosity of a sample of the asphalt emulsion and of the rubber asphalt dispersion was determined using the #2 spin-dle of the Brookfield RVT viscometer at 77F.
RPMDISPERSION VISCOSITYASPHALT EMULSION
VISCOSITY
(centipoise) (centipoise) 0.512,800 14~800 1 8,000 11,200 2.53,920 6,240 5 2,200 3,720 10 1,240 2,260 '.. ~ ' . : :
~ .
' .
r 3L~L3~i79 720 1,420
EXA~IPLE 2 30 mesh ground vulcanized rubber crumb (97.5 grams) was precoated with a 5% basic tall oil solution (95 grams) and then stirred into an anionic asphalt emulsion (300 grams, 65% asphalt) prepared with tall oil emulsifier. The viscosity ~0 of the emulsion, taken at 77F (25C) using the #2 spindle o~ a Brookfield RVT viscometer, was as follows:
RP~i VISCOSITY RPM VISCOSITY
(Centipoise) (Centipoise) 0.5 12,000 10 1320 1 7,400 20 810 .
~:~367~L
2.5 3,760 50 44~
2,400 100 294 30 mesh rubber crumb (65 grams) was precoated with a 5~ basic tall oil solution ~63.2 grams) then stirred into an anionic asphalt emulsion (300 grams, 65% asphalt) prepared with tall oil emulsifier. The rheological charac-teristics of this dispersion were studied over a period of 65 days, as was that of the asphalt emulsion used, using a Brookfield RVT viscometer, Spindle #2, at 77F.
R~MVISCOSITY-DAY 1VISCOSITY-DAY 4 VISCOSITY-DAY 65 (centipoise) (centipoise) (centipoise) Rubber Asphalt Rubber ~er Asphalt dispersion ~m~sion Dispersion Dispersion Emulsion 0.58,800 16,400 11,200 34,80027,600 15,600 12,800 6,400 19,4001~,000 2.52,800 7,520 3,040 10,400 9,760 51,640 4r600 1,760 6,480 5~640 960 2,860 1,040 E~LE 4 16 mesh rubber crumb (216.7 grams) was precoated with a 5~
basic tall oil solution (150 grams) then added to an anionic asphalt ', ' :;
.
-. , :
~3~94 emulsion (1000 grams, 65% asphalt). The viscosity of thedispersion and of the asphalt emulsion used was determined at 77F and at 140F using Spindle #2 of the Brookfield RVT viscometer.
RPM DISPERSION VISCOSITY ASPHALT EMULSION VISCOSITY
(centipoise) (centip~ise) @ 77F @140F @ 77F @ 140F
0.5 6~00 4400 15,600 6,800 3800 2600 9, 800 4,000 2.5 1920 1360 4,800 2,000 1120 880 2,720 1,280 660 560 1,560 820 30 mesh rubber crumb (48.75) grams) was precoated with a 5% basic tall oil solution (47~5 grams) then added to an anionic asphalt emulsion prepared with tall oil as the emulsifier (300 grams, 65~ asphalt). The viscosity of the dispersion was determined, as was that of the asphalt emul-sion, using the #2 spindle of a Brookfield RVT viscometer, at 77F.
-1~3~79~
RPM DISPERSION VISCOSITY ASPHALT EMULSION
VISCOSITY
(centipoise) (centipoise) 0.59200 14,800 1 5800 11,200 2.52800 6,240 1600 3,720 940 2,260 570 1,420 30 mesh rubber crumb (20.6 grams) was precoated with a 5% basic tall oil solution (20 grams) then stirred into an anionic asphalt emulsion (300 grams, 65% asphalt).
The viscosity of a sample of the asphalt emulsion and of the rubber asphalt dispersion was determined using the #2 spin-dle of the Brookfield RVT viscometer at 77F.
RPMDISPERSION VISCOSITYASPHALT EMULSION
VISCOSITY
(centipoise) (centipoise) 0.512,800 14~800 1 8,000 11,200 2.53,920 6,240 5 2,200 3,720 10 1,240 2,260 '.. ~ ' . : :
~ .
' .
r 3L~L3~i79 720 1,420
3~0 EXA~IPLE 7 30 mesh rubber crumb (10.3 grams) was precoated with a 5% basic tall oil solution (10 ~rams) then stirred into an anionic asphalt emulsion (300 grams, 65% asphalt) prepared with tall oil as the emulsifier. The viscosity of the dispersion was determined over a period of 15 days and compared with the original viscosity of the asphalt emul-sion at 77F using Spindle #2 of the Brookfi~ld RVT visco-meter.
RPM ASPHALT EMULSION RUBBER ASPHALT DISPERSION
VISCOSITY VISCOSITY (cps) (cps) DAY 1 DAY 4 DAY 15 0.514,800 15,20016,400 17,~00 1 11,200 9,60010,600 11,600 2.5 6,240 4,960 5,520 6,320 3,720 2,840 3,160 3,760 2,260 1,620 1,820 2,220 1,420 950 1,090 1,340 30 mesh rubber crumb (16.24 Kg) was precoated . . .
..i ,.. ,. . , : ,. , ~, .: - ~ ;
:: : ,.. ~ :
3L~367~
with 5% basic tall oil solution (10.83 Kg) then stirxed into an anionic asphalt emulsion (68.1 Kg., 67.2% asphalt) prepared with tall oil as the emulsifier and the viscosity determined at 77F using the #2 spindle of a Brookfield RVT
viscometer.
RPMVISCOSITY (cps) 0.5 8,000 1 4,400 2.5 2,080 1,240 EXA~LE 9 30 mesh rubber crumb (4945 lb., 2245 Kg) was pre-coated with a 5% basic tall oil solution (260 gallons, 1180.4 Kg) then stirred into an anionic asphalt emulsion (3100 gal-lons, 14,074 Kg, 65% asphalt) prepared with tall oil as the emulsifier. The viscosity of this emulsion, taken at 77F
with a #2 spindle of the Brookfield RVT viscometer at 0.5 rpm was 24,400 cps. This product was readily sprayed onto a road surface as a seal coat binder using a conventional emulsion distributor.
.:
- . ' : ,::
~:~367~4 30 mesh rubber crumb (4945 lb., 2245 Kg) was pre-coated with a 5% basic tall oil sol~tion (280 gallons, 127~.2 Kg) then stirred into an anionic asphalt emulsion prepared with tall oil as the emulsifier (3100 gallons, 14,074 Kg., 65% asphalt). The viscosity of this emulsion, taken at 77F with a #2 spindle of the Brookfield RVT vis-cometer at 0.5 rpm was 11,200 cps. This product was readily sprayed onto a road surface as a seal coat binder using a con-ventional asphalt emulsion distributor.
30 mesh rubber crumb (183 grams) was added direct-ly to a sample of slow setting emulsion prepared with vinsol resin (1000 grams, 55% asphalt). The emulsion was pumped continuously for 6 minutes at zero pressure and then for 4 minutes at 30 pounds pressure. Passing the dispersion through a screen of 18 x 12 mesh showed it to be free of irreversible agglomerations or lumps.
~0 EXAMPLE 12 30 mesh rubber crumb (184 grams) was precoated with a 10% solution of nonionic emulsifier Igepal C0-990 (200 grams) then stirred into an anionic asphalt emulsion pre-pared with tall oil as the emulsifier (1000 grams, 60% as-phalt). The dispersion was pumped continuously for 6 minutes * Trade Mark .. . .
:, .. .
~ ,, ', ~ '' ~ ' " " , ~L~3679~
at 30 pounds pressure then passed through a 12 x 18 mesh screen to collect agglomerated solids. The weight of the precipitate after it had been washed and dried was 105.6 grams.
30 mesh rubber crumb (184 grams) was precoated with a 20~ basic solution of vinsol resin (lOa grams) then added to an anionic asphalt emulsion prepared with tall oil as the emulsifier (1000 grams, 60% asphalt). The disper-sion was pumped continuously for 6 minutes at 30 pounds pressure then passed through 18 x 12 mesh screen to collect agglomerated solids. After washing and drying, the weight of the precipitate collected was 201.8 grams.
30 m~sh rubber crumb (65 grams) was precoated with a 25% basic solution of tall oil (63.05 grams) then mixed into an asphalt emulsion prepared with tall oil as the emulsifier (300 grams, 65~ asphalt). A Brook~ield RVT
~2 spindle was used to det:ermine the viscosity of the as-phalt emulsion used and that of the resulting rubber dis-persion at 77F.
, : ` ::
~3~i7~9~
RPMRUBBER DISPERSION ASPHALT EMULSION
VISCOSITY VISCOSITY
(centipoise)(centipoise) 0.520,400 15,200 114,400 9,760 2.58,800 5,040 5 5,960 2,880 10 3,700 1,660 - g80 _ 520 100 ~ 34 Further examples are as follows:
In cases wherethe rubber crumb requires pretreat-ment with an emulsifier solution to form a stable disper-sion, the proportions of solution for 30-200 mesh rubber crumb may range between 0.5:1 and 1.2:1, and preferably bet-ween 0.6:1 and 1:1. For 16 mesh rubber crumb, the propor-tions may be lowered to 0.3:1.
The percentage oE emulsifier in the pretreatment solution may range between 0.1% and 25%, depending upon the ~0 stability required.
EX~MPLE 15 30 mesh rubber crumb (65 grams~ was precoated with a 25% basic tall oil solution (63.05 grams, pH 9.8) then stirr~d into an asphalt emulsion prepared with tall oil as ~3~
the emulsifier (300 grams, 65% asphalt, pH 10.8) to yield a dispersion of pH 10.3. The dispersion was allowed to stand at room temperature for a day, aged in a 140F oven for 22 hours, then allowed to stand at room temperature for another 3 days. Evaporation was prevented by a polyethylene film stretched tightly across the top of the beaker. Vis-cosity measurements were made on the dispersion as well as on the asphalt emulsion used in its manufacture (and treated in the same manner) using a Brookfield RVT viscometer, Spin-dle ~2, at 77F.
DISPERSION VISCOSITY, CPS ASPHALT E~SION VISCOSITY, CPS
RPM INITIAL A~R A F~L INITIAL AEqER A FIN~L
~y ~y 0.5 20,400 21,60046,000 15,200 14,800 20,80~
1 14,400 15,20029,800 9,800 9,600 14,000 2~.5 8,800 9,400 - 5,0~0 5,040 7,840 5 5,960 6,000 - 2,~80 2,920 4,760 10 3,700 3,640 - 1,660 1,680 2,840 .
30 mesh rubber crum~ (65 grams) was precoated with a 25% basic tall oil solution (39 grams, pH 13.2) then stirred into an asphalt emulsion prepared with tall oil (300 grams, 65~ asphalt, pH 10.8) to give a dispersion of pH 12.4. The dispersion was aged overnight in a 140F oven then allowed to stand at room temperature for three days, at which point .
. .
F -- -~36 the viscosity was determined using a Brookfield RVT visco-meter, spindle #2 at 77F.
RPMVISCOSITY, CPS
INITIAL FINAL
0.5 7,600 26,400 1 4,200 23,400 2.5 2,960 15,840 2,880 off scale 30 mesh rubber crumb (65 grams) was precoated with a 0.1% basic (alkaline) tall oil solution (63.05 grams, pH 9.8) then stirred into an asphalt emulsion prepared with tall oil as the emulsifier (300 grams, 65~ asphalt, pH 10.8) to give a dispersion of pH 10.5. The initial viscosity of the dispersion was determined. After aging the dispersion in a 140F oven for 22 hours, allowing it to cool to room temperature and stirring it, the dispersion was shown to have been broken - irreversible agglomerations of rubber and asphalt had begun to formp producing a lumpy consistency in the dispersion.
RPM DISPERSION VISCOSITY, CPS
AT 77F, RVT #2 2.5 1120 ,: , , .
:
.
~3~7~
30 mesh rubber crumb (65 grams) was precoated with 0.5% alkaline tall oil solution (39 grams, pH 11.4) then stirred into an asphalt emulsion prepared with tall oil (300 grams, 65% asphalt, p~ 10.8~ to give a dispersion of pH 10.75. The dispersion was heated overnight in a 140F
oven then allowed to cool. Upon being stirred, the disper-sion was broken.
RPM VISCOSITY PRIOR TO AGING (CPS) Brookfield RVT #2, 77~F
0.5 6000 2.5 18~0 Since various modifications can be made in our in-vention as hereinabove described, and many apparently widely different embodiments of same made within the spirit and scope of the claims without departing from such spirit and scope, it is intended that all matter contained in the accom-panying specification shall be interpreted as illustrative only and not in a limiting sense.
- , ~;
- . .. . .
RPM ASPHALT EMULSION RUBBER ASPHALT DISPERSION
VISCOSITY VISCOSITY (cps) (cps) DAY 1 DAY 4 DAY 15 0.514,800 15,20016,400 17,~00 1 11,200 9,60010,600 11,600 2.5 6,240 4,960 5,520 6,320 3,720 2,840 3,160 3,760 2,260 1,620 1,820 2,220 1,420 950 1,090 1,340 30 mesh rubber crumb (16.24 Kg) was precoated . . .
..i ,.. ,. . , : ,. , ~, .: - ~ ;
:: : ,.. ~ :
3L~367~
with 5% basic tall oil solution (10.83 Kg) then stirxed into an anionic asphalt emulsion (68.1 Kg., 67.2% asphalt) prepared with tall oil as the emulsifier and the viscosity determined at 77F using the #2 spindle of a Brookfield RVT
viscometer.
RPMVISCOSITY (cps) 0.5 8,000 1 4,400 2.5 2,080 1,240 EXA~LE 9 30 mesh rubber crumb (4945 lb., 2245 Kg) was pre-coated with a 5% basic tall oil solution (260 gallons, 1180.4 Kg) then stirred into an anionic asphalt emulsion (3100 gal-lons, 14,074 Kg, 65% asphalt) prepared with tall oil as the emulsifier. The viscosity of this emulsion, taken at 77F
with a #2 spindle of the Brookfield RVT viscometer at 0.5 rpm was 24,400 cps. This product was readily sprayed onto a road surface as a seal coat binder using a conventional emulsion distributor.
.:
- . ' : ,::
~:~367~4 30 mesh rubber crumb (4945 lb., 2245 Kg) was pre-coated with a 5% basic tall oil sol~tion (280 gallons, 127~.2 Kg) then stirred into an anionic asphalt emulsion prepared with tall oil as the emulsifier (3100 gallons, 14,074 Kg., 65% asphalt). The viscosity of this emulsion, taken at 77F with a #2 spindle of the Brookfield RVT vis-cometer at 0.5 rpm was 11,200 cps. This product was readily sprayed onto a road surface as a seal coat binder using a con-ventional asphalt emulsion distributor.
30 mesh rubber crumb (183 grams) was added direct-ly to a sample of slow setting emulsion prepared with vinsol resin (1000 grams, 55% asphalt). The emulsion was pumped continuously for 6 minutes at zero pressure and then for 4 minutes at 30 pounds pressure. Passing the dispersion through a screen of 18 x 12 mesh showed it to be free of irreversible agglomerations or lumps.
~0 EXAMPLE 12 30 mesh rubber crumb (184 grams) was precoated with a 10% solution of nonionic emulsifier Igepal C0-990 (200 grams) then stirred into an anionic asphalt emulsion pre-pared with tall oil as the emulsifier (1000 grams, 60% as-phalt). The dispersion was pumped continuously for 6 minutes * Trade Mark .. . .
:, .. .
~ ,, ', ~ '' ~ ' " " , ~L~3679~
at 30 pounds pressure then passed through a 12 x 18 mesh screen to collect agglomerated solids. The weight of the precipitate after it had been washed and dried was 105.6 grams.
30 mesh rubber crumb (184 grams) was precoated with a 20~ basic solution of vinsol resin (lOa grams) then added to an anionic asphalt emulsion prepared with tall oil as the emulsifier (1000 grams, 60% asphalt). The disper-sion was pumped continuously for 6 minutes at 30 pounds pressure then passed through 18 x 12 mesh screen to collect agglomerated solids. After washing and drying, the weight of the precipitate collected was 201.8 grams.
30 m~sh rubber crumb (65 grams) was precoated with a 25% basic solution of tall oil (63.05 grams) then mixed into an asphalt emulsion prepared with tall oil as the emulsifier (300 grams, 65~ asphalt). A Brook~ield RVT
~2 spindle was used to det:ermine the viscosity of the as-phalt emulsion used and that of the resulting rubber dis-persion at 77F.
, : ` ::
~3~i7~9~
RPMRUBBER DISPERSION ASPHALT EMULSION
VISCOSITY VISCOSITY
(centipoise)(centipoise) 0.520,400 15,200 114,400 9,760 2.58,800 5,040 5 5,960 2,880 10 3,700 1,660 - g80 _ 520 100 ~ 34 Further examples are as follows:
In cases wherethe rubber crumb requires pretreat-ment with an emulsifier solution to form a stable disper-sion, the proportions of solution for 30-200 mesh rubber crumb may range between 0.5:1 and 1.2:1, and preferably bet-ween 0.6:1 and 1:1. For 16 mesh rubber crumb, the propor-tions may be lowered to 0.3:1.
The percentage oE emulsifier in the pretreatment solution may range between 0.1% and 25%, depending upon the ~0 stability required.
EX~MPLE 15 30 mesh rubber crumb (65 grams~ was precoated with a 25% basic tall oil solution (63.05 grams, pH 9.8) then stirr~d into an asphalt emulsion prepared with tall oil as ~3~
the emulsifier (300 grams, 65% asphalt, pH 10.8) to yield a dispersion of pH 10.3. The dispersion was allowed to stand at room temperature for a day, aged in a 140F oven for 22 hours, then allowed to stand at room temperature for another 3 days. Evaporation was prevented by a polyethylene film stretched tightly across the top of the beaker. Vis-cosity measurements were made on the dispersion as well as on the asphalt emulsion used in its manufacture (and treated in the same manner) using a Brookfield RVT viscometer, Spin-dle ~2, at 77F.
DISPERSION VISCOSITY, CPS ASPHALT E~SION VISCOSITY, CPS
RPM INITIAL A~R A F~L INITIAL AEqER A FIN~L
~y ~y 0.5 20,400 21,60046,000 15,200 14,800 20,80~
1 14,400 15,20029,800 9,800 9,600 14,000 2~.5 8,800 9,400 - 5,0~0 5,040 7,840 5 5,960 6,000 - 2,~80 2,920 4,760 10 3,700 3,640 - 1,660 1,680 2,840 .
30 mesh rubber crum~ (65 grams) was precoated with a 25% basic tall oil solution (39 grams, pH 13.2) then stirred into an asphalt emulsion prepared with tall oil (300 grams, 65~ asphalt, pH 10.8) to give a dispersion of pH 12.4. The dispersion was aged overnight in a 140F oven then allowed to stand at room temperature for three days, at which point .
. .
F -- -~36 the viscosity was determined using a Brookfield RVT visco-meter, spindle #2 at 77F.
RPMVISCOSITY, CPS
INITIAL FINAL
0.5 7,600 26,400 1 4,200 23,400 2.5 2,960 15,840 2,880 off scale 30 mesh rubber crumb (65 grams) was precoated with a 0.1% basic (alkaline) tall oil solution (63.05 grams, pH 9.8) then stirred into an asphalt emulsion prepared with tall oil as the emulsifier (300 grams, 65~ asphalt, pH 10.8) to give a dispersion of pH 10.5. The initial viscosity of the dispersion was determined. After aging the dispersion in a 140F oven for 22 hours, allowing it to cool to room temperature and stirring it, the dispersion was shown to have been broken - irreversible agglomerations of rubber and asphalt had begun to formp producing a lumpy consistency in the dispersion.
RPM DISPERSION VISCOSITY, CPS
AT 77F, RVT #2 2.5 1120 ,: , , .
:
.
~3~7~
30 mesh rubber crumb (65 grams) was precoated with 0.5% alkaline tall oil solution (39 grams, pH 11.4) then stirred into an asphalt emulsion prepared with tall oil (300 grams, 65% asphalt, p~ 10.8~ to give a dispersion of pH 10.75. The dispersion was heated overnight in a 140F
oven then allowed to cool. Upon being stirred, the disper-sion was broken.
RPM VISCOSITY PRIOR TO AGING (CPS) Brookfield RVT #2, 77~F
0.5 6000 2.5 18~0 Since various modifications can be made in our in-vention as hereinabove described, and many apparently widely different embodiments of same made within the spirit and scope of the claims without departing from such spirit and scope, it is intended that all matter contained in the accom-panying specification shall be interpreted as illustrative only and not in a limiting sense.
- , ~;
- . .. . .
Claims
WHAT WE CLAIM AS OUR INVENTION IS:
(1) A process for incorporating rubber crumb into asphalt emulsion comprising pretreating the rubber crumb with an anionic emulsifier solution sufficient to wet sub-stantially all of the surfaces of the rubber crumb, and then mixing the pretreated rubber crumb into an anionic asphalt emulsion in the ratio of between 1:1 and 1:19 by weight of rubber to asphalt to form a rubber asphalt emulsion.
(2) The process according to Claim 1 in which the emulsifier solution includes an anionic emulsifying agent the same as the emulsifying agent used in the asphalt emulsion.
(3) The process according to Claim 1 in which the pH of the rubber asphalt emulsion is between pH 10 and pH 12.5.
(4) The process according to Claim 2 in which the pH of the rubber asphalt emulsion is between pH 10 and pH 12.5, (5) The process according to Claim 1 in which the rubber crumb particle size is between 16 mesh and 200 mesh USS.
(6) The process according to Claim 2 in which the rubber crumb particle size is between 16 mesh and 200 mesh USS.
(7) The process according to Claim 3 in which the rubber crumb particle size is between 16 mesh and 200 mesh USS.
(8) The process according to Claim 4 in which the rubber crumb particle size is between 16 mesh and 200 mesh USS.
(9) The process according to Claim 1 in which the emulsifier solution comprises an anionic emulsifier, a saponifyingagent and water with the saponifying agent be-ing selected from the group consisting of sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide.
(10) The process according to Claim 2 in which the emulsifier solution comprises an anionic emulsifier, a saponifyingagent and water with the saponifying agent be-ing selected from the group consisting of sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide.
(11) The process according to Claim 3 in which the emulsifier solution comprises an anionic emulsifier, a saponifying agent and water with the saponifying agent be-ing selected from the group consisting of sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide.
(12) The process according to Claim 4 in which the emulsifier solution comprises an anionic emulsifier, a saponifying agent and water with the saponifying agent be-ing selected from the group consisting of sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide.
(13) The process according to Claim 5 in which the emulsifier solution comprises an anionic emulsifier, a saponifying agent and water with the saponifying agent be-ing selected from the group consisting of sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide.
(14) The process according to Claim 6 in which the emulsifier solution comprises an anionic emulsifier, a saponifying agent and water with the saponifying agent be-ing selected from the group consisting of sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide.
(15) The process according to Claim 7 in which the emulsifier solution comprises an anionic emulsifier, a saponifying agent and water with the saponifying agent be-ing selected from the group consisting of sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide.
(16) The process according to Claim 8 in which the emulsifier solution comprises an anionic emulsifier, a saponifying agent and water with the saponifying agent be-ing selected from the group consisting of sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide.
(17) The process according to Claims 1, 2 or 3 in which the rubber crumb comprises vulcanized, unvulcanized or devulcanized rubber selected from the group comprising natural rubber, isoprene, butadiene rubber, butadiene-sty-rene rubber, butyl rubber and ethylene propylene rubbers.
(18) The process according to Claims 4, 5 or 6 in which the rubber crumb comprises vulcanized, unvulcanized or devulcanized rubber selected from the group comprising natural rubber, isoprene, butadiene rubber, butadiene-sty-rene rubber, butyl rubber and ethylene propylene rubbers.
(19) The process according to Claims 7, 8 or 9 in which the rubber crumb comprises vulcanized, unvulcanized or devulcanized rubber selected from the group comprising natural rubber, isoprene, butadiene rubber, butadiene-sty-rene rubber, butyl rubber and ethylene propylene rubbers.
(20) The process according to Claims 10, 11 or 12 in which the rubber crumb comprises vulcanized, unvul-canized or devulcanized rubber selected from the group com-prising natural rubber, isoprene, butadiene rubber, buta-diene-styrene rubber, butyl rubber and ethylene propylene rubbers.
(21) The process according to Claims 13, 14 or 15 in which the rubber crumb comprises vulcanized, unvul-canized or devulcanized rubber selected from the group com-prising natural rubber, isoprene, butadiene rubber, buta-diene-styrene rubber, butyl rubber and ethylene propylene rubber.
(22) The process according to Claim 16 in which the rubber crumb comprises vulcanized, unvulcanized or de-vulcanized rubber selected from the group comprising natural ruber, isoprene, butadiene rubber, butadiene-styrene rubber, butyl rubber and ethylene propylene rubber.
(23) A process for incorporating rubber crumb into asphalt emulsion comprising pretreating the rubber crumb with an anionic emulsifier solution sufficient to wet substantially all the surfaces of the rubber crumb, and then mixing the pretreated rubber crumb into an anionic asphalt emulsion to form a rubber asphalt emulsion wherein the emulsifier solution includes an emulsifier which effects wetting of the rubber crumb and in which the proportion of the emulsifier in the pretreatment solution is between 0.1%
and 25% by weight depending upon the stability of the rubber asphalt emulsion required, and in which the proportion of emulsifier solution to rubber crumb is between 0.3 and 1.2 to 1 by weight.
(24) The process according to Claim 23 in which the emulsifier in the pretreatment solution and in the as-phalt emulsion is tall oil.
(25) The process according to Claim 23 in which the emulsifier in the pretreatment solution and in the as phalt emulsion is vinsol resin.
(1) A process for incorporating rubber crumb into asphalt emulsion comprising pretreating the rubber crumb with an anionic emulsifier solution sufficient to wet sub-stantially all of the surfaces of the rubber crumb, and then mixing the pretreated rubber crumb into an anionic asphalt emulsion in the ratio of between 1:1 and 1:19 by weight of rubber to asphalt to form a rubber asphalt emulsion.
(2) The process according to Claim 1 in which the emulsifier solution includes an anionic emulsifying agent the same as the emulsifying agent used in the asphalt emulsion.
(3) The process according to Claim 1 in which the pH of the rubber asphalt emulsion is between pH 10 and pH 12.5.
(4) The process according to Claim 2 in which the pH of the rubber asphalt emulsion is between pH 10 and pH 12.5, (5) The process according to Claim 1 in which the rubber crumb particle size is between 16 mesh and 200 mesh USS.
(6) The process according to Claim 2 in which the rubber crumb particle size is between 16 mesh and 200 mesh USS.
(7) The process according to Claim 3 in which the rubber crumb particle size is between 16 mesh and 200 mesh USS.
(8) The process according to Claim 4 in which the rubber crumb particle size is between 16 mesh and 200 mesh USS.
(9) The process according to Claim 1 in which the emulsifier solution comprises an anionic emulsifier, a saponifyingagent and water with the saponifying agent be-ing selected from the group consisting of sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide.
(10) The process according to Claim 2 in which the emulsifier solution comprises an anionic emulsifier, a saponifyingagent and water with the saponifying agent be-ing selected from the group consisting of sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide.
(11) The process according to Claim 3 in which the emulsifier solution comprises an anionic emulsifier, a saponifying agent and water with the saponifying agent be-ing selected from the group consisting of sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide.
(12) The process according to Claim 4 in which the emulsifier solution comprises an anionic emulsifier, a saponifying agent and water with the saponifying agent be-ing selected from the group consisting of sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide.
(13) The process according to Claim 5 in which the emulsifier solution comprises an anionic emulsifier, a saponifying agent and water with the saponifying agent be-ing selected from the group consisting of sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide.
(14) The process according to Claim 6 in which the emulsifier solution comprises an anionic emulsifier, a saponifying agent and water with the saponifying agent be-ing selected from the group consisting of sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide.
(15) The process according to Claim 7 in which the emulsifier solution comprises an anionic emulsifier, a saponifying agent and water with the saponifying agent be-ing selected from the group consisting of sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide.
(16) The process according to Claim 8 in which the emulsifier solution comprises an anionic emulsifier, a saponifying agent and water with the saponifying agent be-ing selected from the group consisting of sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide.
(17) The process according to Claims 1, 2 or 3 in which the rubber crumb comprises vulcanized, unvulcanized or devulcanized rubber selected from the group comprising natural rubber, isoprene, butadiene rubber, butadiene-sty-rene rubber, butyl rubber and ethylene propylene rubbers.
(18) The process according to Claims 4, 5 or 6 in which the rubber crumb comprises vulcanized, unvulcanized or devulcanized rubber selected from the group comprising natural rubber, isoprene, butadiene rubber, butadiene-sty-rene rubber, butyl rubber and ethylene propylene rubbers.
(19) The process according to Claims 7, 8 or 9 in which the rubber crumb comprises vulcanized, unvulcanized or devulcanized rubber selected from the group comprising natural rubber, isoprene, butadiene rubber, butadiene-sty-rene rubber, butyl rubber and ethylene propylene rubbers.
(20) The process according to Claims 10, 11 or 12 in which the rubber crumb comprises vulcanized, unvul-canized or devulcanized rubber selected from the group com-prising natural rubber, isoprene, butadiene rubber, buta-diene-styrene rubber, butyl rubber and ethylene propylene rubbers.
(21) The process according to Claims 13, 14 or 15 in which the rubber crumb comprises vulcanized, unvul-canized or devulcanized rubber selected from the group com-prising natural rubber, isoprene, butadiene rubber, buta-diene-styrene rubber, butyl rubber and ethylene propylene rubber.
(22) The process according to Claim 16 in which the rubber crumb comprises vulcanized, unvulcanized or de-vulcanized rubber selected from the group comprising natural ruber, isoprene, butadiene rubber, butadiene-styrene rubber, butyl rubber and ethylene propylene rubber.
(23) A process for incorporating rubber crumb into asphalt emulsion comprising pretreating the rubber crumb with an anionic emulsifier solution sufficient to wet substantially all the surfaces of the rubber crumb, and then mixing the pretreated rubber crumb into an anionic asphalt emulsion to form a rubber asphalt emulsion wherein the emulsifier solution includes an emulsifier which effects wetting of the rubber crumb and in which the proportion of the emulsifier in the pretreatment solution is between 0.1%
and 25% by weight depending upon the stability of the rubber asphalt emulsion required, and in which the proportion of emulsifier solution to rubber crumb is between 0.3 and 1.2 to 1 by weight.
(24) The process according to Claim 23 in which the emulsifier in the pretreatment solution and in the as-phalt emulsion is tall oil.
(25) The process according to Claim 23 in which the emulsifier in the pretreatment solution and in the as phalt emulsion is vinsol resin.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AUPD7589 | 1979-02-06 | ||
| AU758979 | 1979-02-06 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1136794A true CA1136794A (en) | 1982-11-30 |
Family
ID=3698285
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000344656A Expired CA1136794A (en) | 1979-02-06 | 1980-01-30 | Process for incorporating waste rubber crumb into asphalt emulsions |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1136794A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2010078381A2 (en) * | 2008-12-30 | 2010-07-08 | Coe William B | Asphalt - rubber compositions and systems and methods for preparing same |
-
1980
- 1980-01-30 CA CA000344656A patent/CA1136794A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2010078381A2 (en) * | 2008-12-30 | 2010-07-08 | Coe William B | Asphalt - rubber compositions and systems and methods for preparing same |
| WO2010078381A3 (en) * | 2008-12-30 | 2010-11-04 | Coe William B | Asphalt - rubber compositions and systems and methods for preparing same |
| US8808445B2 (en) | 2008-12-30 | 2014-08-19 | William B. Coe | Asphalt-rubber compositions and systems and methods for preparing same |
| US8926742B2 (en) | 2008-12-30 | 2015-01-06 | William B. Coe | Asphalt-rubber compositions and systems and methods for preparing same |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CA2556765C (en) | Method for producing bituminous compositions | |
| US4822425A (en) | Aggregate stabilization | |
| US9260608B2 (en) | Bituminous composition | |
| US6706787B1 (en) | Method for preparing asphalt/polymer emulsion-rubber paving composition | |
| US5811477A (en) | Method for preparing improved asphalt emulsion compositions | |
| US4018730A (en) | Method for emulsifying asphalt-rubber paving material and a stable thixotropic emulsion of said material | |
| US7547356B2 (en) | Synthetic asphalt recycled tire rubber emulsions and processes for making them | |
| WO2012010150A1 (en) | Method for producing agglomerates having rubber and wax, agglomerates produced according to said method, and use of said agglomerates in asphalts or bitumen masses | |
| US3404108A (en) | Pavement coating composition comprising petroleum resin | |
| WO1996033244A9 (en) | Asphalt compositions with improved cross-linking agent | |
| US5164002A (en) | Antistripping asphalt compositions and additives used therein | |
| US4941924A (en) | Chemical soil stabilization | |
| US2411634A (en) | Bituminous paved surface and method of making the same | |
| US5650000A (en) | Polyphenolic vegetable extract/surfactant compositions as universal bitumen/water emulsifiers | |
| CA1136794A (en) | Process for incorporating waste rubber crumb into asphalt emulsions | |
| CA3182926A1 (en) | Cationic latex modified hydrocarbon binder emulsions and their use in the preparation of bituminous products | |
| US5000789A (en) | Chemical soil stabilization | |
| WO1995033798A9 (en) | Polyphenolic vegetable extract/surfactant compositions as universal bitumen/water emulsifiers | |
| US5407476A (en) | Quebracho/surfactant compositions as universal bitumen/water emulsifiers | |
| DE3630132C2 (en) | Process for the production of an elastic bituminous insulating and sealing compound | |
| US2442341A (en) | Stabilized aqueous rubber dispersions | |
| RU2130909C1 (en) | Bitumen emulsion with improved service properties | |
| US5177130A (en) | Rubberized chemical emulsion | |
| US5536307A (en) | Pavement rejuvenator and dressing conditioner emulsions and jellies | |
| MXPA97008264A (en) | Emulsions and gels renovators of pavement and conditioners of afirm |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |