CA1136690A - Xenon arc lamp with compressive ceramic to metal seals - Google Patents
Xenon arc lamp with compressive ceramic to metal sealsInfo
- Publication number
- CA1136690A CA1136690A CA000296702A CA296702A CA1136690A CA 1136690 A CA1136690 A CA 1136690A CA 000296702 A CA000296702 A CA 000296702A CA 296702 A CA296702 A CA 296702A CA 1136690 A CA1136690 A CA 1136690A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- metallic
- envelope
- ceramic
- annular
- metallic member
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
- H01J61/98—Lamps with closely spaced electrodes heated to incandescence by light-emitting discharge, e.g. tungsten arc lamp
Landscapes
- Vessels And Coating Films For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
- Securing Globes, Refractors, Reflectors Or The Like (AREA)
- Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
PATENT APPLICATION
of EDWIN T. CHAN and STANLEY R. JEPSON
for XENON ARC LAMP WITH COMPRESSIVE CERAMIC TO METAL SEALS
Abstract A high pressure arc lamp envelope having an anode portion and cathode portion, separated by a ceramic insulator, is configured to prevent the high pressure from causing tensile stresses in the ceramic and its associated hermetic seals. The window seal is configured to reduce tensile stresses in the window and to place the metal-to-window bond of the seal in compression.
of EDWIN T. CHAN and STANLEY R. JEPSON
for XENON ARC LAMP WITH COMPRESSIVE CERAMIC TO METAL SEALS
Abstract A high pressure arc lamp envelope having an anode portion and cathode portion, separated by a ceramic insulator, is configured to prevent the high pressure from causing tensile stresses in the ceramic and its associated hermetic seals. The window seal is configured to reduce tensile stresses in the window and to place the metal-to-window bond of the seal in compression.
Description
11366~0 - Background of the Invention This invention relates to high pressure gaseous discharge devices and in particular to improvements in the envelope structure and window seal for high pressure arc lamps.
In any arc lamp, various portions of the lamp structure will be at different potentials corresponding to one or another electrode. It is necessary, therefore, to provide insulation between these portions in order to maintain their mutual electrical isolation. Prior art high pressure arc lamps, for example, as described in our U.S. patents 3,876,908 ~pril 8, 19~51; 3,852,629 (Decembe~ 3~ 19741, and 3~808~496 CApril 30r 1~741, employ ceramic cylinders separating the lamp envelope into anode and cathode portions with a circumferential surface of the insulator as part of the lamp envelope exterior. It will be apparent that as a consequence of th s constru~-tion, the lamp design, operation and usage are subject to a number of critical specifications.
One such critical specification is related to the internal pressure and temperature to which the ceramic and the ceramic to metal bonds are subject. Ceramic cylinders or rings so employed are primarily under tensile stresses due to the high pressure gas filling of the lamp which tends to push apart the anode and cathode portions of the lamp envelope. The brazed metal to ceramic bonds of these prior art lamps are likewise under tensile or shear stress. Due to the properties of the brazing alloys and the metallic members, the stresses within the joint must be maintained within safe tolerances. These stresses are thermally dependent and thus place 11mits on the 1amD
operation and associated cooling system.
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1 1136690 . I
1 ¦ Another critical consideration is the ambient
In any arc lamp, various portions of the lamp structure will be at different potentials corresponding to one or another electrode. It is necessary, therefore, to provide insulation between these portions in order to maintain their mutual electrical isolation. Prior art high pressure arc lamps, for example, as described in our U.S. patents 3,876,908 ~pril 8, 19~51; 3,852,629 (Decembe~ 3~ 19741, and 3~808~496 CApril 30r 1~741, employ ceramic cylinders separating the lamp envelope into anode and cathode portions with a circumferential surface of the insulator as part of the lamp envelope exterior. It will be apparent that as a consequence of th s constru~-tion, the lamp design, operation and usage are subject to a number of critical specifications.
One such critical specification is related to the internal pressure and temperature to which the ceramic and the ceramic to metal bonds are subject. Ceramic cylinders or rings so employed are primarily under tensile stresses due to the high pressure gas filling of the lamp which tends to push apart the anode and cathode portions of the lamp envelope. The brazed metal to ceramic bonds of these prior art lamps are likewise under tensile or shear stress. Due to the properties of the brazing alloys and the metallic members, the stresses within the joint must be maintained within safe tolerances. These stresses are thermally dependent and thus place 11mits on the 1amD
operation and associated cooling system.
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1 1136690 . I
1 ¦ Another critical consideration is the ambient
2 ¦ environme~t wherein the lamp will be operated. Moisture
3 ¦ dirt, grease, fingerprints and the like can seriously
4 ¦ degrade the insulation characteristics of the ceramic,
5 ¦ especially for high voltage starting conditions. Moeeover,
6 ¦ the exposed ceramic is subject to impact which can initiate
7 ¦ a fracture thereof.
8 ¦ It will be clear also that failure of the ceramic
9 ¦ or the metal-ceramic seals of a high pressure lamp can lO ¦ be hazardolls to personnel or equipment nearby.
ll ¦ Another prior art arc lamp, described in our U.S. patent 12 ¦ 3,715,613 ~eb~uar~ 6, 1973~ employed a ceramic cylinder 13 ¦ ~ith a recessed plane sur~ace ~ox accepting a metal disk which 14 ¦ in turn supported the anode structure. The outside surface o~
15 ¦ the ceramic was brazed to the inner surface of the envelope 16 ¦ neck. Thus, the metal ring exerted compressive and shear 17 ¦ stresses at one end of the ceramic due to the internal gas pressure while a brazement of the outer circumferential 19 ¦ wall of the ceramic to the inner cylindrical surface 20 ¦ of the envelope neck resulted in shear stresses due to 21 ¦ the internal aas pressure.
22 ¦ An arc lamp is also characterized by an optical 23 ¦ window which must withstand a very great pressure differential 24 ¦ between the interior and exterior of the lamp. Prior 25 ¦ art window seals in such lamps have normally employed 26¦ a window disc of sapphire, metallized around iis circumference 271 and then ~razed to one leg of a U-shaped metal flange, 28¦ which was subsequently brazed into the window-cathode 29 ¦ portion assembly, as shown for example in said U.S. patent 30l 3,852,629. This window sealing techniaue resulted in an 31 ¦ im~roved seal but one which is not as good as the seal 32 ¦ to be hereinafter describe~ wlth~respect to this in~ention.
1 2ehbO20971 3 - 77-06 " 1~3~690 It is an object of this invention to produce a safer and more rugged lamp capable of both higher perform-ance and production at reduced manufacturing cost.
Accordingly, the present invention provides an envelope for an arc lamp, said envelope being capable of containing a gas therewithin at a pressure higher than atmospheric pressure, said envelope comprising:a first metallic member having an inwardly projecting flange por-tion; a second metallic member having an outwardly pro-jecting flange portion; the outwardly projecting flange portion of said second metallic member being received with-in said first metallic member, the inwardly projecting flange portion of said first metallic member being dispos-ed to overlap the outwardly projecting flange portion of said second metallic member, said overlapping flange por-tions of said first and second metallic members being spaced apart to define a generally annular region between said first and second metallic members; a ceramic member disposed in said annular region,and means for hermetically 20 sealing said ceramic member to said inwardly and outwardly projecting flange portions so that said ceramic member is under compression when said envelope contains a gas at a pressure higher than atmospheric pressure.
q~
.
Brief Descriptioh of th'e Drawings FIG. 1 is a section of an embodiment of the high pressure arc lamp.
FIG. 2 is a detail of an alternate embodiment of the main body seal.
FIG. 3 is a detail of an alternate embodiment of the window seal.
Detailed Description of the Embodiments FIG. 1 is illustrative of a high pressure sealed beam short arc lamp of the present embodiment. One elec-trode shown as cathode 10 is mounted in the forward part of the làmp adjacent to window 11. Cathode 10 is supported by metal struts 12 which are centrally attached to cathode
ll ¦ Another prior art arc lamp, described in our U.S. patent 12 ¦ 3,715,613 ~eb~uar~ 6, 1973~ employed a ceramic cylinder 13 ¦ ~ith a recessed plane sur~ace ~ox accepting a metal disk which 14 ¦ in turn supported the anode structure. The outside surface o~
15 ¦ the ceramic was brazed to the inner surface of the envelope 16 ¦ neck. Thus, the metal ring exerted compressive and shear 17 ¦ stresses at one end of the ceramic due to the internal gas pressure while a brazement of the outer circumferential 19 ¦ wall of the ceramic to the inner cylindrical surface 20 ¦ of the envelope neck resulted in shear stresses due to 21 ¦ the internal aas pressure.
22 ¦ An arc lamp is also characterized by an optical 23 ¦ window which must withstand a very great pressure differential 24 ¦ between the interior and exterior of the lamp. Prior 25 ¦ art window seals in such lamps have normally employed 26¦ a window disc of sapphire, metallized around iis circumference 271 and then ~razed to one leg of a U-shaped metal flange, 28¦ which was subsequently brazed into the window-cathode 29 ¦ portion assembly, as shown for example in said U.S. patent 30l 3,852,629. This window sealing techniaue resulted in an 31 ¦ im~roved seal but one which is not as good as the seal 32 ¦ to be hereinafter describe~ wlth~respect to this in~ention.
1 2ehbO20971 3 - 77-06 " 1~3~690 It is an object of this invention to produce a safer and more rugged lamp capable of both higher perform-ance and production at reduced manufacturing cost.
Accordingly, the present invention provides an envelope for an arc lamp, said envelope being capable of containing a gas therewithin at a pressure higher than atmospheric pressure, said envelope comprising:a first metallic member having an inwardly projecting flange por-tion; a second metallic member having an outwardly pro-jecting flange portion; the outwardly projecting flange portion of said second metallic member being received with-in said first metallic member, the inwardly projecting flange portion of said first metallic member being dispos-ed to overlap the outwardly projecting flange portion of said second metallic member, said overlapping flange por-tions of said first and second metallic members being spaced apart to define a generally annular region between said first and second metallic members; a ceramic member disposed in said annular region,and means for hermetically 20 sealing said ceramic member to said inwardly and outwardly projecting flange portions so that said ceramic member is under compression when said envelope contains a gas at a pressure higher than atmospheric pressure.
q~
.
Brief Descriptioh of th'e Drawings FIG. 1 is a section of an embodiment of the high pressure arc lamp.
FIG. 2 is a detail of an alternate embodiment of the main body seal.
FIG. 3 is a detail of an alternate embodiment of the window seal.
Detailed Description of the Embodiments FIG. 1 is illustrative of a high pressure sealed beam short arc lamp of the present embodiment. One elec-trode shown as cathode 10 is mounted in the forward part of the làmp adjacent to window 11. Cathode 10 is supported by metal struts 12 which are centrally attached to cathode
10. A getter 13 is provided to remove contaminants from the gas filling of the lamp. The struts 12 are attached to metal ring 14 adjacent the outer ends of the struts.
-' Reflector 16 is suspended from ring ~4. The exterior of the forward portion of the lamp is a cylindrical shell 18 made of a high strength metallic alloy, such as stain-less steel.
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2 Window 11, pre~erably of sapphire, is face brazed with a knife edge braze process to annular sealing ring 3 21, the latter preferably of Kovar*.
Although the window 11 remains subject to the same 6 bending moment across its plane surface (face) as in prior art lamps, the outer peripheral region or rim of the window, 7 together with the window to metal bond, is compressively 9 loaded, with consequent reduction of tensile stresses.
Since the ultimate yield strength for sapphire in compression far exceeds that in tension!this seal has been found to 2 withstand much higher internal pressures than the prior art peripheral seals for equal thickness sapphire windows.
Whereas the prior art peripheral seals have been tested to seal failure at 1200 psi,the compressive window seal of the present invention has not been observed to fail 6 at 1900 psi. It is conjectured that exposure of the 18 circumferential surface 19 of the window to internal gas 19 pressure of the lamp results in a compressive stress across the diameters of the window, resulting in the higher observed 21 resistance to fracture. It is also noted that the braze 22 bond between the window 11 and the sealing ring 21 is ¦
in compression due to the high internal gas pressure.
23 Thus higher pressures may be achieved, or alternatively, 24 a thinner sapphire window may be employed to maintain the same structural integrity as characterized by the 26 prior art.
27 A second electrode, here anode 22, is supported 28 in the rear of the lamp. Surrounding and attached to anode 22 is a high strength metal alloy shell 28. Rear 31 ~ and front shells comprising the lamp envelope are connected ¦ by attaching metal shells 18 and 28 to ~1 insulating ring 2~ oE h~gh *Trademark ¦-2ehhn20977 - ~ 77-06 _ 1136690 l¦ strength ceram1c. Sealing rings 29 of, for example, 21 Kovar,* are used to seal the ceramic ~in~ 25 to anode shell 3 ¦ 28 and cathode shell 18, thereby forming a hermetic envelope.
4 ¦ The cathode shell 18 and the anode shell 28 axe ~utuall~ conigured 5¦ to place ceramic ring 25 in compression and to shield cera~ic 6 ¦ ring 25 from contamination and impact. This is acco~plished 7 ¦ by forming on cathode shell 18 an inward projecting flange 8 ¦ 30, and by forming on anode shell 28 an outward pro~ecting flange 9 ¦ 32. These flanges overlap each other to intercept a common lO ¦ radial region defined from center line 34;and it is this ll ¦ common radial region,which is occupied by ceramic ring i 12 1 25. The internal pressure thus tends to hold the envelope 13 ¦~ together. The exterior overlap of cathode shell 18 over 14 ¦ the ceramic ring 25 tends to thus protect the cer~mic ring 25 from l5 ¦ contamination,which could promote short circuits,and from 16 ¦ impacts,which could damage it. Should the ceramic ring 25 ~ail, 17 l fragments are likewise prevented from causing damage to 18 ¦ nearby personnel or apparatus. Moreover should the ceramic 19¦ insulator ring 25 or its seals fail, the cathode and anode shells 201 18 and 28 are prevented from separating by the flanges 21¦ 30 and 32.
22 The ratio of compressive strength to tensile strength 231 for a typical ceramic as employed here is in excess of 241 10:1; therefore the ceramic insulator can withstand much 251 higher compressive stresses arising from the high pressure 26¦ gas filling of the lamp than would be the case were the 271 ceramic to be tensile loaded.
28¦ It will be observea that preparation of ceramic ring 291 25 for brazing reauires only grinding of the end ~lane 301 surfaces rather than the more elaoorate reauilements 3il¦ fcr ?reparation of radial surfaces ^or brazing. Similarly, 32ll only plane surfaces (of flanges 30 and 32) need be prepared ¦ 2ehbO20977 - 7 - 77-06 *Trad~mark 113~i690 ~__ ~
l ¦ for brazing rather than circumferential surfaces of 2 ¦ shells 18 ar.d 28. The seals are knife-edge brazements 3 ¦ which are subject to substantially purely compressive 4 ¦ stresses.
5 ¦ FIG. 2 is an alternate seal wherein two coaxial 6 ¦ rings 29' and 29" are employed in place of the ¦ single ring 29. .Similarly, dual sealing rings are 8 ¦ illustrated in FIG. 3 for an alternate arrangement to, 9 ¦ seal the window 11 to the assembly ring 14.
lO ¦ Assembly of the lamp of FIG. 1 is accompIished ll ¦ by first performing the brazing operations required .
12 ¦ to seal cathode shell 18 to anode shell 28. The assembly 13 ¦ ring 14 supporting the window ll and the cathode 10 is brazed to the 14 ¦ cathode shell 18 as the last braze. The lamp is then .
15 ¦ filled to high pressure through port 36, preferably 16 ¦ with xenon, and the po~t 36 is then sealed o~.
17 ¦ Sïnce changes could be made in particular details 18 ¦ of the embodiment of the invention disclosed herein 1~ ¦ without departing from the scope of the invention, it is 20 ¦ intended that the above description and accompanying drawings ~¦ be interpr ted as illustrative onl- and not as lir iting.
281~ ' 3~
qPb 32 l l I
l 2ehbO20~77 - a - 71-06
-' Reflector 16 is suspended from ring ~4. The exterior of the forward portion of the lamp is a cylindrical shell 18 made of a high strength metallic alloy, such as stain-less steel.
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~ - 5 -__ 113669C~ ~
2 Window 11, pre~erably of sapphire, is face brazed with a knife edge braze process to annular sealing ring 3 21, the latter preferably of Kovar*.
Although the window 11 remains subject to the same 6 bending moment across its plane surface (face) as in prior art lamps, the outer peripheral region or rim of the window, 7 together with the window to metal bond, is compressively 9 loaded, with consequent reduction of tensile stresses.
Since the ultimate yield strength for sapphire in compression far exceeds that in tension!this seal has been found to 2 withstand much higher internal pressures than the prior art peripheral seals for equal thickness sapphire windows.
Whereas the prior art peripheral seals have been tested to seal failure at 1200 psi,the compressive window seal of the present invention has not been observed to fail 6 at 1900 psi. It is conjectured that exposure of the 18 circumferential surface 19 of the window to internal gas 19 pressure of the lamp results in a compressive stress across the diameters of the window, resulting in the higher observed 21 resistance to fracture. It is also noted that the braze 22 bond between the window 11 and the sealing ring 21 is ¦
in compression due to the high internal gas pressure.
23 Thus higher pressures may be achieved, or alternatively, 24 a thinner sapphire window may be employed to maintain the same structural integrity as characterized by the 26 prior art.
27 A second electrode, here anode 22, is supported 28 in the rear of the lamp. Surrounding and attached to anode 22 is a high strength metal alloy shell 28. Rear 31 ~ and front shells comprising the lamp envelope are connected ¦ by attaching metal shells 18 and 28 to ~1 insulating ring 2~ oE h~gh *Trademark ¦-2ehhn20977 - ~ 77-06 _ 1136690 l¦ strength ceram1c. Sealing rings 29 of, for example, 21 Kovar,* are used to seal the ceramic ~in~ 25 to anode shell 3 ¦ 28 and cathode shell 18, thereby forming a hermetic envelope.
4 ¦ The cathode shell 18 and the anode shell 28 axe ~utuall~ conigured 5¦ to place ceramic ring 25 in compression and to shield cera~ic 6 ¦ ring 25 from contamination and impact. This is acco~plished 7 ¦ by forming on cathode shell 18 an inward projecting flange 8 ¦ 30, and by forming on anode shell 28 an outward pro~ecting flange 9 ¦ 32. These flanges overlap each other to intercept a common lO ¦ radial region defined from center line 34;and it is this ll ¦ common radial region,which is occupied by ceramic ring i 12 1 25. The internal pressure thus tends to hold the envelope 13 ¦~ together. The exterior overlap of cathode shell 18 over 14 ¦ the ceramic ring 25 tends to thus protect the cer~mic ring 25 from l5 ¦ contamination,which could promote short circuits,and from 16 ¦ impacts,which could damage it. Should the ceramic ring 25 ~ail, 17 l fragments are likewise prevented from causing damage to 18 ¦ nearby personnel or apparatus. Moreover should the ceramic 19¦ insulator ring 25 or its seals fail, the cathode and anode shells 201 18 and 28 are prevented from separating by the flanges 21¦ 30 and 32.
22 The ratio of compressive strength to tensile strength 231 for a typical ceramic as employed here is in excess of 241 10:1; therefore the ceramic insulator can withstand much 251 higher compressive stresses arising from the high pressure 26¦ gas filling of the lamp than would be the case were the 271 ceramic to be tensile loaded.
28¦ It will be observea that preparation of ceramic ring 291 25 for brazing reauires only grinding of the end ~lane 301 surfaces rather than the more elaoorate reauilements 3il¦ fcr ?reparation of radial surfaces ^or brazing. Similarly, 32ll only plane surfaces (of flanges 30 and 32) need be prepared ¦ 2ehbO20977 - 7 - 77-06 *Trad~mark 113~i690 ~__ ~
l ¦ for brazing rather than circumferential surfaces of 2 ¦ shells 18 ar.d 28. The seals are knife-edge brazements 3 ¦ which are subject to substantially purely compressive 4 ¦ stresses.
5 ¦ FIG. 2 is an alternate seal wherein two coaxial 6 ¦ rings 29' and 29" are employed in place of the ¦ single ring 29. .Similarly, dual sealing rings are 8 ¦ illustrated in FIG. 3 for an alternate arrangement to, 9 ¦ seal the window 11 to the assembly ring 14.
lO ¦ Assembly of the lamp of FIG. 1 is accompIished ll ¦ by first performing the brazing operations required .
12 ¦ to seal cathode shell 18 to anode shell 28. The assembly 13 ¦ ring 14 supporting the window ll and the cathode 10 is brazed to the 14 ¦ cathode shell 18 as the last braze. The lamp is then .
15 ¦ filled to high pressure through port 36, preferably 16 ¦ with xenon, and the po~t 36 is then sealed o~.
17 ¦ Sïnce changes could be made in particular details 18 ¦ of the embodiment of the invention disclosed herein 1~ ¦ without departing from the scope of the invention, it is 20 ¦ intended that the above description and accompanying drawings ~¦ be interpr ted as illustrative onl- and not as lir iting.
281~ ' 3~
qPb 32 l l I
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Claims (11)
1. An envelope for an arc lamp, said envelope being capable of containing a gas therewithin at a pressure high-er than atmospheric pressure, said envelope comprising:
a first metallic member having an inwardly project-ing flange portion;
a second metallic member having an outwardly pro-jecting flange portion;
the outwardly projecting flange portion of said second metallic member being received within said first metallic member, the inwardly projecting flange portion of said first metallic member being disposed to overlap the outwardly projecting flange portion of said second metallic member, said over-lapping flange portions of said first and second metallic members being spaced apart to define a generally annular region between said first and second metallic members;
a ceramic member disposed in said annular region, and means for hermetically sealing said ceramic member to said inwardly and outwardly projecting flange portions so that said ceramic member is under compression when said envelope contains a gas at a pressure higher than atmospheric pressure.
a first metallic member having an inwardly project-ing flange portion;
a second metallic member having an outwardly pro-jecting flange portion;
the outwardly projecting flange portion of said second metallic member being received within said first metallic member, the inwardly projecting flange portion of said first metallic member being disposed to overlap the outwardly projecting flange portion of said second metallic member, said over-lapping flange portions of said first and second metallic members being spaced apart to define a generally annular region between said first and second metallic members;
a ceramic member disposed in said annular region, and means for hermetically sealing said ceramic member to said inwardly and outwardly projecting flange portions so that said ceramic member is under compression when said envelope contains a gas at a pressure higher than atmospheric pressure.
2. An envelope as claimed in claim 1 wherein said sealing means comprises a first seal interposed between a first surface portion of said ceramic member and the out-wardly projecting flange portion of said second metallic member, and a second seal interposed between a second surface portion of said ceramic member and the inwardly projecting flange portion of said first metallic member.
3. An envelope as claimed in claim 2, wherein said ceramic member is of annular configuration surrounding a nonflanged portion of said second metallic member and is contained within said first metallic member.
4. An envelope as claimed in claim 3 wherein said annular ceramic member is spaced apart from said first and second metallic members.
5. An envelope as claimed in claim 2 or claim 4 wherein said first and second surface portions of said ceramic member are planar, and wherein each of said first and second seals comprises an annular metallic sealing member.
6. An envelope as claimed in claim 3 wherein said first and second surface portions of said ceramic member are planar, and wherein each of said first and second seals comprises an annular metallic sealing member.
7. An envelope as claimed in claim 6, wherein said planar surface portions of said ceramic member are metalli-zed, and wherein said first and second annular sealing members are brazed, respectively, to said first and second metallized surface portions of said ceramic member.
8. An envelope as claimed in claim 7, wherein said first and second annular sealing members are brazed, res-pectively, to the flanged portions of said second and first metallic members.
9. An envelope as claimed in claim 8 wherein the wall thickness of each of said annular sealing members is substantially less than the wall thickness of said annular ceramic member.
10. An envelope as claimed in claim 9 wherein there are two of said annular sealing members brazed to each of said first and second planar surface portions of said annular ceramic member and brazed to each of said flanged portions of said first and second metallic members, said two sealing members being radially spaced from each other.
11. An arc lamp comprising an envelope as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3 wherein said first metallic member is a cylindrical member, the lamp comprising a window supported from said first metallic member adjacent one end thereof, an arc electrode supported from said first metallic member adjacent said window and projecting toward the other end of said first metallic member, said second metallic member being positioned adjacent the other end of said first metallic member, and another arc electrode supported from said second metallic member and projecting toward the first said arc electrode.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000398188A CA1139350A (en) | 1977-02-11 | 1982-03-11 | Xenon arc lamp with compressive ceramic to metal seals |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US76785477A | 1977-02-11 | 1977-02-11 | |
| US767,854 | 1977-02-11 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1136690A true CA1136690A (en) | 1982-11-30 |
Family
ID=25080786
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000296702A Expired CA1136690A (en) | 1977-02-11 | 1978-02-10 | Xenon arc lamp with compressive ceramic to metal seals |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (2) | JPS53103670A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1136690A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2804716A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2380634A1 (en) |
| GB (2) | GB1596732A (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1093280B (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0221882A (en) * | 1988-07-08 | 1990-01-24 | Mizuno Corp | Golf club |
| JPH04281173A (en) * | 1991-03-08 | 1992-10-06 | Sharp Corp | Refrigerator |
| GB2464954B (en) | 2008-10-30 | 2012-06-20 | Univ Open | Valve |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3715613A (en) * | 1971-05-13 | 1973-02-06 | Varian Associates | Sealed high-pressure arc lamp and socket therefor |
-
1978
- 1978-02-03 DE DE19782804716 patent/DE2804716A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1978-02-07 FR FR7803392A patent/FR2380634A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1978-02-09 GB GB5313/78A patent/GB1596732A/en not_active Expired
- 1978-02-09 GB GB13603/80A patent/GB1596733A/en not_active Expired
- 1978-02-10 CA CA000296702A patent/CA1136690A/en not_active Expired
- 1978-02-10 JP JP1368078A patent/JPS53103670A/en active Granted
- 1978-02-10 IT IT20153/78A patent/IT1093280B/en active
-
1984
- 1984-12-20 JP JP59267569A patent/JPS6116460A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS53103670A (en) | 1978-09-09 |
| JPS6116460A (en) | 1986-01-24 |
| GB1596732A (en) | 1981-08-26 |
| GB1596733A (en) | 1981-08-26 |
| JPS6149788B2 (en) | 1986-10-31 |
| FR2380634A1 (en) | 1978-09-08 |
| JPS6226144B2 (en) | 1987-06-06 |
| IT7820153A0 (en) | 1978-02-10 |
| IT1093280B (en) | 1985-07-19 |
| DE2804716A1 (en) | 1978-08-17 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |