CA1134783A - Process and system for recovering solid particulate addtives from a drilling fluid - Google Patents
Process and system for recovering solid particulate addtives from a drilling fluidInfo
- Publication number
- CA1134783A CA1134783A CA000337592A CA337592A CA1134783A CA 1134783 A CA1134783 A CA 1134783A CA 000337592 A CA000337592 A CA 000337592A CA 337592 A CA337592 A CA 337592A CA 1134783 A CA1134783 A CA 1134783A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- particulate material
- liquid
- well
- fraction
- cuttings
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Landscapes
- Separation Of Solids By Using Liquids Or Pneumatic Power (AREA)
Abstract
PROCESS AND SYSTEM FOR RECOVERING
SOLID PARTICULATE ADDITIVES FROM
A DRILLING FLUID
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A process and system is provided permitting the recovery of solid particulate material, particularly solid copolymer beads, from a drilling fluid which also contains drilled solids of the same and larger size as the particulate material. The drilling fluid returns are passed to a separator, such as a shale shaker, which screens from the fluid a major proportion of the drilled solids along with the particulate material. The latter fraction is then passed into a vessel containing a weighted liquid having a specific gravity less than that of the drilled solids but greater than that of the particulate material. In such vessel, the particulate material is allowed to rise to the surface of the liquid while the drilled solids settle therein. The particulate material can then be skimmed from the upper portion of the vessel and returned to the will for recirculation therein. To conserve the weighted liquid, the particulate material removed from the vessel can be passed through a separator to separate it from any weighted liquid so that the latter can be returned to the vessel. Similarly, the drilled solids removed from the vessel can likewise be separated from any weighted liquid removed with them and the liquid returned to the vessel.
* * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
SOLID PARTICULATE ADDITIVES FROM
A DRILLING FLUID
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A process and system is provided permitting the recovery of solid particulate material, particularly solid copolymer beads, from a drilling fluid which also contains drilled solids of the same and larger size as the particulate material. The drilling fluid returns are passed to a separator, such as a shale shaker, which screens from the fluid a major proportion of the drilled solids along with the particulate material. The latter fraction is then passed into a vessel containing a weighted liquid having a specific gravity less than that of the drilled solids but greater than that of the particulate material. In such vessel, the particulate material is allowed to rise to the surface of the liquid while the drilled solids settle therein. The particulate material can then be skimmed from the upper portion of the vessel and returned to the will for recirculation therein. To conserve the weighted liquid, the particulate material removed from the vessel can be passed through a separator to separate it from any weighted liquid so that the latter can be returned to the vessel. Similarly, the drilled solids removed from the vessel can likewise be separated from any weighted liquid removed with them and the liquid returned to the vessel.
* * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
Description
: 1134783 This invention relate~ to a proce~ and ~ystem for the recovery of relatively low gravity particulate material, ~uch a~ copolymer beads, from a drilling fluid ~o that ~uch materisl can be re-S circulated through the well with the drilling fluid During the drillin~ of a well, it i~ com~on practice to pa~ the drilling aud return~ containing drill-d solid~ through a shale ~haker or the like to remov- a~ many of the solids from the mud ~8 i8 pO~-~lSlo. ~hiJ i~ de~lr~ble bacaus~ reclrculated drilled Jolid~ tend to be ground lnto finer and finer ~i~e~, thereby building up the solids content o~ the mud As the ~olid~ content increa~es, the mud must be thinned by adding ~ddltional water, which nece~itates lS the addition of mor- w ighting material to maintaln the mud at it~ d-~ired weight For the~e ~nd other rea~ons, it i~ de~irable ln many case~ for the returned mud to b- of a low drilled ~olids content In order to provide such a mud, it i~ conventional to screen the mud ln a shalo ~hak~r having screen~ ranging ln ~ize ~rom 10 to 200 me~h with the average me~h ~i~e belng from about 20 to 80 me~h. Hereto~ore, any ~olld additivc, uch a~ lubricating copolym~r bead~ and lost circulation mat-rials, having a particle size larger th~n that of the shale ~haker screan, would be removed fro~ the ~y~tem ~ith the drilled ol~d~
A~ a result and as a practlcal ~atter, such particulate materiRl i8 circulated once through the system and is then discarded If it i~ de~ired to maintain the partieulate mater~al in the sy~te~ for several clreula-tion~, addltional material has to be added to co~pen~ate for that removed by the ~hale shaker. This can be relatively expen~ive.
It i-, therefore, an object of thi~ invention to provlde an apparatu~ and proce~s which ~ill permit recirculation of particulate material, e~pecially co-polymer beads, in a well, wh~le at the same t~me removing drilled solid~, at lea~t a part of which has a partiele 0 8ize approximating that of the particulate material, thereby permitting the maintenance of a low ~olids ~ystem.
Another ob~ect iJ to provide ~uch an apparatus and sy~tem for th- reeovery of an added partieulate material fro~ a drilling ~ud, even though uch mud eontain~ drilled olid~ havlng a partlele 8iZ¢ of the order of that of the particulate materlal.
In aeeordanee wlth this invention, the drilling mud containing an added particulate material having a ~pecific gravity ~ub~tantially le~ than that of the drilled solids i~ separated into a fir~t fraetion consisting essentially of the drilling mud and a second fraction comprising the particulate mater$al and th~
drilled euttings. The latter fraction 1~ then passed into a separating zone or apparatus containing a flota-tion liqu~d having a sp~ciflc gravity le~J than that of th~ euttlngs but greater th-n that of the particulate ~aterial. In thi~ app~atu~, the particulate material i~ permitted to float toward the ~urface of the liquid, while the drilled solids, being heavier than the liquid, settle toward the bottom. The particulate material is then skimmed from the surface of the liquid and thereafter separated from any flotation liquid removed with the particulate mater-ial. The thus recovered flotation liquid is then returned to the separation apparatus for further use. Similarly, the drilled solids can be removed from the lower portion of the separating apparatus along with some of the liquid and then separated from the latter so that the liquid can be returned to the separating apparatus.
Referring now to the drawing wherein there is shown schematically the apparatus of this invention capable of be-ing used in performing the process, there is illustrated a well 10 which is being drilled by a bit 11 connected to the lower end of a drill string 12. As is conventional, drilling mud is pumped from a mud pit 13 through a swivel 14 into the drill string where it passes downwardly and out of the bit to return through the annulus to return line 15.
A particularly useful application of the apparatus and process of this invention is in connection with the use of copolymer beads in drilling muds to reduce friction as disclosed in my U.S. Patent No. 4,063,603, to which reference is made. The copolymer beads can have a specific gravity within the range of 0.5 to 2.0 and preferably from 1.1 to 1.5 ~, and are of a ~ize wlthin the range of 10 to 100 me~h (Tyler ~tandard ~creen ~lze), preferably ~0 to 60 mesh It will be ~een that when such bead~ are used, and when an operator i8 attemptlng to maintain a low olld~ drilling mud by u~inq, for example, an 80 me~h ~h~kor creen, the bo-d~ ~ill be removed fro~ the system along with the drilled ~ollds In order to recover the~e bead~ and permit their u~e again, the drilling mud cont~ining the drilled solids is pa~d via lin- 16 to a conventional sh~le ~haker 17 which c~n be equlpped with a screen having a finer me~h slze than that of the bead~ A~ a re~ult, the drilling mud pa~se~ through the ~creen and i~ re-turned via line 18 to the mud pit 13 The remov~d drilled ~olids and be~ds are pa3sed via ~ line 19 to a separating tank or ve~s~l 20 conta~ning a flotation liquid having a ~pecific gravity les~ than that of the drilled cuttings but greater than the bead~ A~ a result, the bead~ are permitt~d to flo~t to the surface of tho liqu~d in the vessel from whiGh they are removed by a ~uitable sklmmlng apparatu~ 21, alon~ with ~ome o~ the liquid, and paJ~ via a llno 22 to the ~eparator 23. In the latter, the be~d~ are screened from the liquid and can be returned via a line 2~ to the mud pit 13 for reclrculation in th~ well The recovered liquid can pa~ vla a ~in- 2S back ~o the ve~el 20 Similarly, the clay Jolid~ which ~ettle in the bottom of the ve~el 20 can be removed, along with some of ~he liquid in the ves~el, via a line 25 and 113~783 p~ssed to another ~eparator 26~ In the latter, the clay solid~ are separated fro~ the liquid and are dls-charged via a line 27, while the liquid i~ returned via llne 28 to the veJsel 20.
S The flotation liquid can be of any desired type, provided that it ha~ the requi~itc gravity lying between that of the partiçulate material and the drilled ~olids. Exemplary of such liquids are aqueou~ solution~ of ~odium carbonate, ~odium chloride, potas~ium chloride, calcium chloride, zinc chloride with calcium chloride, calcium bromide, 30diu~
nitrate, etc. The amount of the~e ~alts which are dis~olved in water to form the liquid can be varied to control the peciflc gravity of the ~olution with~n certain rangeJ ea8ily recognizable by a skilled chemi~t. It i~ preferred, especially when recovering copolymer bead~, to use ~odium carbonate because of it~ economy and inertne~s. The flotation liquid can be prepared by addlng 110 pounds, for exa~ple, of the 80dlu~ carbonate to 42 gallon~ of water to yield a llquid h~ng a den~ity of a~out 1.15.
In addition to the recovery of copoly~er beads, the apparatu~ and proce~ of thi~ invention can be u~ed to recover other materials ~uch as conventlonal 10~Qt circulation materials. Among these are nut hull~, c~n~ ~iber~ cotton ~eed hull~, cedar fibers, ~awdu~t and wood chip~, rlce hull~, cellophane flakes and ~hredded leather. Alqo, lo~t circulation materials 1 1 3 ~7 ~ ~
comprising natur~l or ~ynthetic resin~ in the form of flake~, fiber~ or particle~, can include pheno~eal, polystyren~, polyethylene, nylon, asphalt, Gilsonite and ground rubber.
A~ indicated, the shale shaker 17 i~ a conventional piec- of equip~ent found on nearly every drilling rig. Shale s~aker 26 ~nd separator 23 wlll usually be provided a~ extra pieces of equipment and these can be conv-ntional vibrating shaker~, hydro-cycloneJ, centrifuge~ or other devices c-pable of making a separation between the low density partlculate material and the relatlvely hlgh den~ity liquid.
From the foregoing it will be seen that thi~
invention is one well adapted to attain all of the ends and ob~ect~ hereinabove ~et forth, together with other advantages which are obvious and which are inherent to the method.
It will be understood ~hat certain features and subcombination~ are of utility and may be employed without reference to other features and subcv~blnations.
This 18 contemplatod by and i8 within the ~cope of the cl~inl8 .
As many po~ible embodiment~ may be ~a~e of the invention without departing fro~ the 8cope thereof, lt is to be underQtood that all matter herein ~et forth or ~hown in the accQmpanying drawing i8 to be interpreted as illustrative and not ~n a limiting sen~e.
A~ a result and as a practlcal ~atter, such particulate materiRl i8 circulated once through the system and is then discarded If it i~ de~ired to maintain the partieulate mater~al in the sy~te~ for several clreula-tion~, addltional material has to be added to co~pen~ate for that removed by the ~hale shaker. This can be relatively expen~ive.
It i-, therefore, an object of thi~ invention to provlde an apparatu~ and proce~s which ~ill permit recirculation of particulate material, e~pecially co-polymer beads, in a well, wh~le at the same t~me removing drilled solid~, at lea~t a part of which has a partiele 0 8ize approximating that of the particulate material, thereby permitting the maintenance of a low ~olids ~ystem.
Another ob~ect iJ to provide ~uch an apparatus and sy~tem for th- reeovery of an added partieulate material fro~ a drilling ~ud, even though uch mud eontain~ drilled olid~ havlng a partlele 8iZ¢ of the order of that of the particulate materlal.
In aeeordanee wlth this invention, the drilling mud containing an added particulate material having a ~pecific gravity ~ub~tantially le~ than that of the drilled solids i~ separated into a fir~t fraetion consisting essentially of the drilling mud and a second fraction comprising the particulate mater$al and th~
drilled euttings. The latter fraction 1~ then passed into a separating zone or apparatus containing a flota-tion liqu~d having a sp~ciflc gravity le~J than that of th~ euttlngs but greater th-n that of the particulate ~aterial. In thi~ app~atu~, the particulate material i~ permitted to float toward the ~urface of the liquid, while the drilled solids, being heavier than the liquid, settle toward the bottom. The particulate material is then skimmed from the surface of the liquid and thereafter separated from any flotation liquid removed with the particulate mater-ial. The thus recovered flotation liquid is then returned to the separation apparatus for further use. Similarly, the drilled solids can be removed from the lower portion of the separating apparatus along with some of the liquid and then separated from the latter so that the liquid can be returned to the separating apparatus.
Referring now to the drawing wherein there is shown schematically the apparatus of this invention capable of be-ing used in performing the process, there is illustrated a well 10 which is being drilled by a bit 11 connected to the lower end of a drill string 12. As is conventional, drilling mud is pumped from a mud pit 13 through a swivel 14 into the drill string where it passes downwardly and out of the bit to return through the annulus to return line 15.
A particularly useful application of the apparatus and process of this invention is in connection with the use of copolymer beads in drilling muds to reduce friction as disclosed in my U.S. Patent No. 4,063,603, to which reference is made. The copolymer beads can have a specific gravity within the range of 0.5 to 2.0 and preferably from 1.1 to 1.5 ~, and are of a ~ize wlthin the range of 10 to 100 me~h (Tyler ~tandard ~creen ~lze), preferably ~0 to 60 mesh It will be ~een that when such bead~ are used, and when an operator i8 attemptlng to maintain a low olld~ drilling mud by u~inq, for example, an 80 me~h ~h~kor creen, the bo-d~ ~ill be removed fro~ the system along with the drilled ~ollds In order to recover the~e bead~ and permit their u~e again, the drilling mud cont~ining the drilled solids is pa~d via lin- 16 to a conventional sh~le ~haker 17 which c~n be equlpped with a screen having a finer me~h slze than that of the bead~ A~ a re~ult, the drilling mud pa~se~ through the ~creen and i~ re-turned via line 18 to the mud pit 13 The remov~d drilled ~olids and be~ds are pa3sed via ~ line 19 to a separating tank or ve~s~l 20 conta~ning a flotation liquid having a ~pecific gravity les~ than that of the drilled cuttings but greater than the bead~ A~ a result, the bead~ are permitt~d to flo~t to the surface of tho liqu~d in the vessel from whiGh they are removed by a ~uitable sklmmlng apparatu~ 21, alon~ with ~ome o~ the liquid, and paJ~ via a llno 22 to the ~eparator 23. In the latter, the be~d~ are screened from the liquid and can be returned via a line 2~ to the mud pit 13 for reclrculation in th~ well The recovered liquid can pa~ vla a ~in- 2S back ~o the ve~el 20 Similarly, the clay Jolid~ which ~ettle in the bottom of the ve~el 20 can be removed, along with some of ~he liquid in the ves~el, via a line 25 and 113~783 p~ssed to another ~eparator 26~ In the latter, the clay solid~ are separated fro~ the liquid and are dls-charged via a line 27, while the liquid i~ returned via llne 28 to the veJsel 20.
S The flotation liquid can be of any desired type, provided that it ha~ the requi~itc gravity lying between that of the partiçulate material and the drilled ~olids. Exemplary of such liquids are aqueou~ solution~ of ~odium carbonate, ~odium chloride, potas~ium chloride, calcium chloride, zinc chloride with calcium chloride, calcium bromide, 30diu~
nitrate, etc. The amount of the~e ~alts which are dis~olved in water to form the liquid can be varied to control the peciflc gravity of the ~olution with~n certain rangeJ ea8ily recognizable by a skilled chemi~t. It i~ preferred, especially when recovering copolymer bead~, to use ~odium carbonate because of it~ economy and inertne~s. The flotation liquid can be prepared by addlng 110 pounds, for exa~ple, of the 80dlu~ carbonate to 42 gallon~ of water to yield a llquid h~ng a den~ity of a~out 1.15.
In addition to the recovery of copoly~er beads, the apparatu~ and proce~ of thi~ invention can be u~ed to recover other materials ~uch as conventlonal 10~Qt circulation materials. Among these are nut hull~, c~n~ ~iber~ cotton ~eed hull~, cedar fibers, ~awdu~t and wood chip~, rlce hull~, cellophane flakes and ~hredded leather. Alqo, lo~t circulation materials 1 1 3 ~7 ~ ~
comprising natur~l or ~ynthetic resin~ in the form of flake~, fiber~ or particle~, can include pheno~eal, polystyren~, polyethylene, nylon, asphalt, Gilsonite and ground rubber.
A~ indicated, the shale shaker 17 i~ a conventional piec- of equip~ent found on nearly every drilling rig. Shale s~aker 26 ~nd separator 23 wlll usually be provided a~ extra pieces of equipment and these can be conv-ntional vibrating shaker~, hydro-cycloneJ, centrifuge~ or other devices c-pable of making a separation between the low density partlculate material and the relatlvely hlgh den~ity liquid.
From the foregoing it will be seen that thi~
invention is one well adapted to attain all of the ends and ob~ect~ hereinabove ~et forth, together with other advantages which are obvious and which are inherent to the method.
It will be understood ~hat certain features and subcombination~ are of utility and may be employed without reference to other features and subcv~blnations.
This 18 contemplatod by and i8 within the ~cope of the cl~inl8 .
As many po~ible embodiment~ may be ~a~e of the invention without departing fro~ the 8cope thereof, lt is to be underQtood that all matter herein ~et forth or ~hown in the accQmpanying drawing i8 to be interpreted as illustrative and not ~n a limiting sen~e.
Claims (14)
1. In a process for drilling a well wherein a drilling fluid containing an added particulate material having a specific gravity substantially less than that of earthen formations is circulated through the well, the steps of: (a) separating the drilling fluid flowing from the well into a first fraction consisting essentially of said drilling fluid and a second fraction comprising said particulate material and cuttings from the well, (b) passing the second fraction into a separating zone containing a liquid having a specific gravity less than the cuttings but greater than the particulate material and allowing the particulate material to rise toward upper portion of the liquid while allowing the cuttings to settle therein, and (c) recovering the particulate material from said separating zone and passing it, along with said first fraction, back to the well to be recirculated therein.
2. The process of claim 1 wherein the step of recovering the particulate material includes the step of removing the liquid containing same from the upper portion of said separating zone and separating the particulate material from the removed liquid and returning the thus separated liquid to the separating zone.
3. The process of claim 2, including the step of removing the cuttings and some of the liquid in said separating zone, separating the cuttings from the removed liquid and returning the latter to the separating zone.
4. The process of claim 1, wherein said particulate material is solid plastic beads having a screen size within the range of 10 to 100 mesh and specific gravity within the range of 0.5 to 2Ø
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the spheres have a screen size within the range of 20 to 80 mesh.
6. The process of claim 2, wherein the particulate material are solid plastic beads having a screen size within the range of 10 to 100 mesh and a specific gravity within the range of 0.5 to 2Ø
7. The process of claim 6, wherein the weighted liquid is a solution of sodium carbonate.
8. In a process for drilling a well wherein a drilling mud weighted with barite and con-taining solid copolymer beads is circulated through the well and wherein the return mud is passed through a screen to separate it into a first fraction consisting essentially of the weighted drilling mud and a second fraction comprising the beads and cuttings, the steps of recovering the b-ads for recirculation in the well without at the same time recirculating cuttings having a size equal to or larger than that of the beads, comprising (a) passing the second fraction into a separating zone containing a weighted liquid having a specific gravity less than the cuttings but greater than the beads, (b) allowing the beads to rise and concentrate toward the upper portion of the liquid while allowing the cuttings to settle therein, and (c) recovering the beads from said separating zone and passing them along with the first fraction back to the well to be recirculated therein.
9. The process of claim 8, wherein the beads and some of the liquid from the separating zone are passed through a screen to separate the beads from the liquid and passing the latter back to separating zone.
10. The process of claim 9, wherein the liquid is weighted with calcium carbonate.
11. In a process for drilling a well wherein a drilling fluid containing an added particulate material having a specific gravity substantially less than that of earthen formations is circulated through the well, the steps of: (a) separating the drilling fluid flowing from the well into a first fraction consisting essentially of said drilling fluid and a second fraction comprising said particu-late material and cuttings from the well, (b) passing the second fraction into a separating zone containing a liquid having a specific gravity less than the cuttings but greater than the particulate material and allowing the particulate material to rise toward upper portion of the liquid while allowing the cuttings to settle therein, and (c) recovering the particulate material from said separating zone.
12. A system for drilling a well with a low solids mud containing added particulate material having a specific gravity substantially less than that of the drill solids comprising (a) means for separating mud returning from the well into a first fraction consisting of said low solids mud and a second fraction comprising the said drill solids and said particulate material, (b) a vessel containing a weighted liquid having a specific gravity greater than that of the particulate material but less than that of the drill solids, (c) means for passing the second fraction to said vessel so as to permit the particulate material to rise therein and the drill solids to settle, and (d) means for recovering the particulate material from said separating zone and passing it and said first fraction back to the well to be recirculated therein.
13. The system of claim 12 wherein the means for recovering the particulate material includes means for separating the particulate material from the weighted liquid and for passing the separated weighted liquid back to the vessel.
14. The system of claim 12 including means for removing the drill solids and some of said weighted liquid from said vessel and for separating such solids from the removed liquid and for passing the separated removed liquid back to the vessel.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000337592A CA1134783A (en) | 1979-10-15 | 1979-10-15 | Process and system for recovering solid particulate addtives from a drilling fluid |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000337592A CA1134783A (en) | 1979-10-15 | 1979-10-15 | Process and system for recovering solid particulate addtives from a drilling fluid |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1134783A true CA1134783A (en) | 1982-11-02 |
Family
ID=4115352
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000337592A Expired CA1134783A (en) | 1979-10-15 | 1979-10-15 | Process and system for recovering solid particulate addtives from a drilling fluid |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1134783A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US9222319B1 (en) | 2013-06-04 | 2015-12-29 | BlueStone Royalty, LLC | LCM recovery tank |
-
1979
- 1979-10-15 CA CA000337592A patent/CA1134783A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US9222319B1 (en) | 2013-06-04 | 2015-12-29 | BlueStone Royalty, LLC | LCM recovery tank |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |