CA1133709A - Universal joint with lubricating means - Google Patents
Universal joint with lubricating meansInfo
- Publication number
- CA1133709A CA1133709A CA348,030A CA348030A CA1133709A CA 1133709 A CA1133709 A CA 1133709A CA 348030 A CA348030 A CA 348030A CA 1133709 A CA1133709 A CA 1133709A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- cup
- opening
- cross
- recess
- passage
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Landscapes
- Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A universal joint with lubricating means is provided.
Heretofore, universal joints with lubricating provisions have had central lubricating fittings in the cross, with the fittings communicating with the bearing cups through lubricating passages reduce the cross body section of the trunnion which have broken at the base in certain heavy duty applications. The new universal joint has lubricating passages in the cross. Each bearing cup has an opening with an outer surface contoured to receive the nozzle of a lubricating gun or tool. A one-way valve is located at the inner surface if the bearing cup which allows lubricant to enter the cup through the opening and keeps out contaminants.
A universal joint with lubricating means is provided.
Heretofore, universal joints with lubricating provisions have had central lubricating fittings in the cross, with the fittings communicating with the bearing cups through lubricating passages reduce the cross body section of the trunnion which have broken at the base in certain heavy duty applications. The new universal joint has lubricating passages in the cross. Each bearing cup has an opening with an outer surface contoured to receive the nozzle of a lubricating gun or tool. A one-way valve is located at the inner surface if the bearing cup which allows lubricant to enter the cup through the opening and keeps out contaminants.
Description
3~.343'~
This invention relates to a universal joint with lubricating means provided in the bearing cups.
Universal joints for most vehicles other than passenger cars heretofore have had lubricating provisions for the trunnion bearings and bearing cups t Usually, this has been accomplished through a lubricant fitting provided in the body of the cross with the fitting communicating with the bearing cups through passages extending through the cross body and the trunnions. The lubricant passages reduce the cross-sectional area of the trunnions, tending to weaken them. In s~me applications involving high stress~ the trunnions have brQken near the bases at the body of the cross~ For example, this has tended to Qccur in universal joints employed in the front drive trainS of four~wheel drive vehicles~ Some bearing cups have been drilled for conventional Zerk fitting$ with spr~ng-loaded ball check valves. However, these take considerable space and can interfer with ball joints or their adjacent components.
me present invention provides a universal joint ~ith lubricating means which eliminates t~e lubricating passages in the cross bod~y and trunnions ? ~n accordance with the invention, each bearing cup ha~ a central opening therein extending from the outer surface to the inner surface~ The outer surface around the opening iS contoured to receive a nozzle of a lubricating tool or gun. The cont~u~ of th~e outer surface can be similar to but shorter ~an a conventiQnal Zexk fitting~ Ho~ever, particularly where space is limited, the contour can be eve~ ~uch shorter than a Zerk ~itti~g or even xecessed.
A one-~ay valYe i~ located at the inner surface of the cup and has a portion aligned with the opening. The valve is contiguous with the inner surface but when grease is supplied, the pressure forces the valve portion away from the inner surface ~3~
to enable lubricant to enter, Any pressure in the cup, however, forces the valye against the inner surface to prevent lubricant from leaking outwardly throug~ the opening and contaminants from entering. In a preferred form~ the valve is located in a shallow recess in the cup around the opening and held therein by staking or b~ a pxess ~it. In a preferred form, the valve can either be star~shaped or have a C-sh~ped slot forming a flapper aligned ~ith the cup opening, Xt is~ therefore~ a principal object of the invention lQ to provide'a stronger universal joint with lubricating means.
,~nother object of the invention is to provide a univer-sal joint with lubricating means in the bearing cups.
Yet another object of the invention is to provide a uniyers~l joint with grease fittings in the bearing cups and thin one-~ay valYes wit~in the cups.
Many othex objects and adyantages of the invention will be apparent from t~e following detailed description of preferred embodiments thereof~ reference ~eing made to the accompanying drawlngs~ in which:
~i~ig. 1 is a vie~ in elevation,~ith a part in cross sectlon, of a cross and bearing CUp5 Qf a universal joint in accordance, with the ~nvention;
~.
'.4~..g, 2 is an enlarged~ fragmentary view of the cross and one bea:i~.g cup of Fig. l;
Fig. 3 ls ~ view similar to Fig. 2 of the cross and a modified bearing cup;
Fig. 4 is a yiew similar to Fig. 2 of the cross and a further modified bearing cup;
Fig. 5 is an end view in elevation taken from the open end of the bearing cup of Fig. 2, 3 ! or 4; and Fig. 5 is a view similar to Fig. 5 of the bearing cup with a modified one-way valve therein.
This invention relates to a universal joint with lubricating means provided in the bearing cups.
Universal joints for most vehicles other than passenger cars heretofore have had lubricating provisions for the trunnion bearings and bearing cups t Usually, this has been accomplished through a lubricant fitting provided in the body of the cross with the fitting communicating with the bearing cups through passages extending through the cross body and the trunnions. The lubricant passages reduce the cross-sectional area of the trunnions, tending to weaken them. In s~me applications involving high stress~ the trunnions have brQken near the bases at the body of the cross~ For example, this has tended to Qccur in universal joints employed in the front drive trainS of four~wheel drive vehicles~ Some bearing cups have been drilled for conventional Zerk fitting$ with spr~ng-loaded ball check valves. However, these take considerable space and can interfer with ball joints or their adjacent components.
me present invention provides a universal joint ~ith lubricating means which eliminates t~e lubricating passages in the cross bod~y and trunnions ? ~n accordance with the invention, each bearing cup ha~ a central opening therein extending from the outer surface to the inner surface~ The outer surface around the opening iS contoured to receive a nozzle of a lubricating tool or gun. The cont~u~ of th~e outer surface can be similar to but shorter ~an a conventiQnal Zexk fitting~ Ho~ever, particularly where space is limited, the contour can be eve~ ~uch shorter than a Zerk ~itti~g or even xecessed.
A one-~ay valYe i~ located at the inner surface of the cup and has a portion aligned with the opening. The valve is contiguous with the inner surface but when grease is supplied, the pressure forces the valve portion away from the inner surface ~3~
to enable lubricant to enter, Any pressure in the cup, however, forces the valye against the inner surface to prevent lubricant from leaking outwardly throug~ the opening and contaminants from entering. In a preferred form~ the valve is located in a shallow recess in the cup around the opening and held therein by staking or b~ a pxess ~it. In a preferred form, the valve can either be star~shaped or have a C-sh~ped slot forming a flapper aligned ~ith the cup opening, Xt is~ therefore~ a principal object of the invention lQ to provide'a stronger universal joint with lubricating means.
,~nother object of the invention is to provide a univer-sal joint with lubricating means in the bearing cups.
Yet another object of the invention is to provide a uniyers~l joint with grease fittings in the bearing cups and thin one-~ay valYes wit~in the cups.
Many othex objects and adyantages of the invention will be apparent from t~e following detailed description of preferred embodiments thereof~ reference ~eing made to the accompanying drawlngs~ in which:
~i~ig. 1 is a vie~ in elevation,~ith a part in cross sectlon, of a cross and bearing CUp5 Qf a universal joint in accordance, with the ~nvention;
~.
'.4~..g, 2 is an enlarged~ fragmentary view of the cross and one bea:i~.g cup of Fig. l;
Fig. 3 ls ~ view similar to Fig. 2 of the cross and a modified bearing cup;
Fig. 4 is a yiew similar to Fig. 2 of the cross and a further modified bearing cup;
Fig. 5 is an end view in elevation taken from the open end of the bearing cup of Fig. 2, 3 ! or 4; and Fig. 5 is a view similar to Fig. 5 of the bearing cup with a modified one-way valve therein.
-2~
Referring to the drawings, and particularly to Figs~ 1 and 2, a cross 10 of a universal joint includes a main body 12 and four trunnions 14. Each trunnion is received in a bearing cup 16 ~ri th usual needle bearings 18 located between the surface of the trunnion and the inside wall of the bearing cup 16. An annular lubricant seal 20 is located on a shoulder cup of the cross and is engaged in an annular groove 23 of the cup 16. A
recess 24 in the end of the trunnion 14 is only for manufacturing purposes, A snap ring 26 retains the cup 16 in a yoke (not shown) of a universal joint r When the cross 10 and the bearing cup 16 are used in a dou~le Cardan universal joint, two crosses are em-plo~ed. T~o Qpposite bearing cups of one cross are held by an end yoke and the other two ~earing cups of that cross are held by a connecting yoke, Similarl~ t~o bearing cups of the second cross are hel~ b~ a second end yoke and the other two bearing cups of that cross are held by t~e connecting yoke. The components discussed to th~s point are kno~n and con~entional in the art.
Heretofore, with lubricating provisions for a universal joint, a passage ~sually extended completeIy through each of the trunnions 14 to each of the bearing cups 16 and also to a central portion of the cross bod~ 12 where a lubricant fitting was located.
This passage reduced the cross-sectional area of the trunnion 14, causing it to brea~ at the cross body 12 and specifically near the shoulder 22, under h~h stress conditions. ~ common such condition occured where the cross 10 was employed in a universal joint in the front wheel drive train of a four-~heel drive vehicle.
By employing lubricating means indicated at 28 in the bearing cup 16, lubricant can be supplied to the interior of the cup without requiring a passage through the trunnion 14. The lu-bricating means 28 includes a lubricating passage or opening 30 ~3-~ ~ 3 ~
located centrally in the cup and extending from the outer surface to the inner surface thereof. The outer surface around the opening 30 is contoured to receiye a nozzle of a lubricating tool or gun.
In this instance, a shallow ! generally truncated conical recess 32 extends from an annular shoulder 34 around the opening 30 and terminates in a further flared surface 36. The recess is located in a short c~lindrical projection 38 which provides sufficient thickness for the end wall of the cup.
The lubricating opening 30 terminates at its inner end in a flared surface 40 which opens into a shallo~ recess 42 at the inner surface of the bearing cup 16. The recess 42 has a short~ cylindxical outer ~all ~hich i5 concentric ~ith the lubri-cating opening 30.
Referring also to Fig. 5, a thin~ one-way valve 44 is posl,tioned in the recess 42. The valve 44 is of generally star-shaped ~onfigura~ion ~th a central portion 46 and radially-out-ward~ extending leg~ 48. The legs 48 have outwardly-curved ends sa over w~ich portions of the ~all o~ the recess 42 are staked at 52 to mechani~cally hold the valve 44 in the recess 42. However, a press fit or other means cQuld also be employed7 The curved portions 50 of the legs 48 thereby hold the central poriion 46 of the Yalve against the inner surface of the bearing cup 16 around the opening 30. ~en lubricant under pressure is supplied through the oRening 30, it bears against the portion 46 of the valve ex-po$-ed at t~e flared surface 40. Since this area is relatively large, the lubricant will force the valve portion 46 away from the ~nner sur~ace of the bearing cup and enable the lubricant to moye between the legs 48 and into the end of the bearing cup, from which it can move past the needle bearings 14 to the seal 20.
3Q If desired~ grooves 53 can ke formed in the end surface of the trunnion 14 to facilitate this movement of the lubricant. The ~4~
grooves can be parallel, as shown, or extend radially. These can a3so be equally well incorporated into the embodiments of Figs. 3 and 4. If desired, the grease can be forced out around the seal 20 to assure a fresh supply of lubricant around the bearings.
Because the lubricant need not be under high pressure, t~ere is little problem with leaking of the lubricant at the recess 32 when the nozzle of the lubricating tool is pressed thereagainst to supply lubricant through the opening 30, At the same time, with the short cyl~ndrical projection 38, the lubri-cating means 28 can be used where little extra space is availablearound the universal joint~ ~hich i5 often the case with double CaEdan joints employed i~n front w~eel drives.
Referring to Fig. 3~ the universal joint cross 10 is shown with a modified bearing cup 54. The cup 54 is essentially similar to the bearing cup 16 except having different lubricating means indicated at 56~ The lubricating means 56 has a lubrica-ting passage or opening 58 extending from an outer surface of the cup 54 to an inner surface~ and specifically terminating in short flared surfaces 60-and 620 The outer surface of the bearing 2Q axound the opening 58 has ~ contoured projection 64 which, in this instance~ is ~haped similarly to a short Zerk fitting to receive a nozzle of a lubr~cati,ng tool ox gun. Unlike a conven~
tional Zerk fitt~ng~ llowever~ the lubricating tool must be held firmly against the projection 64 whèn sup~lying lubricant~ The projection 64 takes up minimal extra room and i5 advantageous ~hen space around the uni~yersal joint is limited.
At the inner sur~ace of the bearing cup 54 i5 a shallow cylindrical recess 56 ~hich is slmilar to the recess 42 and in which the one-way valYe 44 ca,n be located, being staked at 68.
Again~ the one-wa~ valYe 44 ~ill open away from the inner surface from the bearing cup under relatively low pressure to enable ~5-~1~ 3~
lubricant to enter. At the same time~ it is effectiye to prevent contaminants from entering and lubricant from leaking QUt~
Referring to Fig. 4, the cross 10 is shown with a slightl~ modified bearing cup 70 similar to the bearing cups 16 and 54 but ~rith a slightly modified lubricating means 72. In th~is instance~ a passage or opening 74 extends from the outer surface of the 'bearing cu~p 70 to the inner surface ~ith flaring ends similar to those 'in Fig. 3.' However~ the outer surface 10 around the opening 74 is contoured in a projection 76 shaped similar tQ a Zerk ,fitting but ~;horter since there is no spring-Qaded hall check v~lYe to contend ~ith~ The one-way valve 44 can be located at the inner surface~ in a shallo~ recess 78 and staked at 80.
Referring to Fig~ 6 a m~dified one-way valve 82 can be employed in ~lace of the Yalve 44 in any of the bearing cups, the bearing c~lp 16 being sho~n ln this instance. The valve 82 includes~ a discr~like member 84 having a C-shaped slot 86 forming a central flapper portion 88~ T~e porti~n 88 is aligned with 20 the lubrication opening 30 of the bearing cup and opens w~en lubricant under pressure i~ supplied therethrough. Otherwise, the flapper 88 ~,s contiguous ~ith the'inner surface of the cup, bet,ng held in the recess 42 by the stakes 52. The flapper por-tion 88 also opens reIatively easilyr wi-th a relatively large area being exposed to the lubricant, due to the flared inner end of the lubricant opening 30.
Various modifications of the above described embodiments of the inyention ~ill be apparent to those skilled in the art, and it is to be understood that such modifications can be made without 30, departing from the scope of the invention, if they are within the spirit and the tenor of the accompanying claims.
Referring to the drawings, and particularly to Figs~ 1 and 2, a cross 10 of a universal joint includes a main body 12 and four trunnions 14. Each trunnion is received in a bearing cup 16 ~ri th usual needle bearings 18 located between the surface of the trunnion and the inside wall of the bearing cup 16. An annular lubricant seal 20 is located on a shoulder cup of the cross and is engaged in an annular groove 23 of the cup 16. A
recess 24 in the end of the trunnion 14 is only for manufacturing purposes, A snap ring 26 retains the cup 16 in a yoke (not shown) of a universal joint r When the cross 10 and the bearing cup 16 are used in a dou~le Cardan universal joint, two crosses are em-plo~ed. T~o Qpposite bearing cups of one cross are held by an end yoke and the other two ~earing cups of that cross are held by a connecting yoke, Similarl~ t~o bearing cups of the second cross are hel~ b~ a second end yoke and the other two bearing cups of that cross are held by t~e connecting yoke. The components discussed to th~s point are kno~n and con~entional in the art.
Heretofore, with lubricating provisions for a universal joint, a passage ~sually extended completeIy through each of the trunnions 14 to each of the bearing cups 16 and also to a central portion of the cross bod~ 12 where a lubricant fitting was located.
This passage reduced the cross-sectional area of the trunnion 14, causing it to brea~ at the cross body 12 and specifically near the shoulder 22, under h~h stress conditions. ~ common such condition occured where the cross 10 was employed in a universal joint in the front wheel drive train of a four-~heel drive vehicle.
By employing lubricating means indicated at 28 in the bearing cup 16, lubricant can be supplied to the interior of the cup without requiring a passage through the trunnion 14. The lu-bricating means 28 includes a lubricating passage or opening 30 ~3-~ ~ 3 ~
located centrally in the cup and extending from the outer surface to the inner surface thereof. The outer surface around the opening 30 is contoured to receiye a nozzle of a lubricating tool or gun.
In this instance, a shallow ! generally truncated conical recess 32 extends from an annular shoulder 34 around the opening 30 and terminates in a further flared surface 36. The recess is located in a short c~lindrical projection 38 which provides sufficient thickness for the end wall of the cup.
The lubricating opening 30 terminates at its inner end in a flared surface 40 which opens into a shallo~ recess 42 at the inner surface of the bearing cup 16. The recess 42 has a short~ cylindxical outer ~all ~hich i5 concentric ~ith the lubri-cating opening 30.
Referring also to Fig. 5, a thin~ one-way valve 44 is posl,tioned in the recess 42. The valve 44 is of generally star-shaped ~onfigura~ion ~th a central portion 46 and radially-out-ward~ extending leg~ 48. The legs 48 have outwardly-curved ends sa over w~ich portions of the ~all o~ the recess 42 are staked at 52 to mechani~cally hold the valve 44 in the recess 42. However, a press fit or other means cQuld also be employed7 The curved portions 50 of the legs 48 thereby hold the central poriion 46 of the Yalve against the inner surface of the bearing cup 16 around the opening 30. ~en lubricant under pressure is supplied through the oRening 30, it bears against the portion 46 of the valve ex-po$-ed at t~e flared surface 40. Since this area is relatively large, the lubricant will force the valve portion 46 away from the ~nner sur~ace of the bearing cup and enable the lubricant to moye between the legs 48 and into the end of the bearing cup, from which it can move past the needle bearings 14 to the seal 20.
3Q If desired~ grooves 53 can ke formed in the end surface of the trunnion 14 to facilitate this movement of the lubricant. The ~4~
grooves can be parallel, as shown, or extend radially. These can a3so be equally well incorporated into the embodiments of Figs. 3 and 4. If desired, the grease can be forced out around the seal 20 to assure a fresh supply of lubricant around the bearings.
Because the lubricant need not be under high pressure, t~ere is little problem with leaking of the lubricant at the recess 32 when the nozzle of the lubricating tool is pressed thereagainst to supply lubricant through the opening 30, At the same time, with the short cyl~ndrical projection 38, the lubri-cating means 28 can be used where little extra space is availablearound the universal joint~ ~hich i5 often the case with double CaEdan joints employed i~n front w~eel drives.
Referring to Fig. 3~ the universal joint cross 10 is shown with a modified bearing cup 54. The cup 54 is essentially similar to the bearing cup 16 except having different lubricating means indicated at 56~ The lubricating means 56 has a lubrica-ting passage or opening 58 extending from an outer surface of the cup 54 to an inner surface~ and specifically terminating in short flared surfaces 60-and 620 The outer surface of the bearing 2Q axound the opening 58 has ~ contoured projection 64 which, in this instance~ is ~haped similarly to a short Zerk fitting to receive a nozzle of a lubr~cati,ng tool ox gun. Unlike a conven~
tional Zerk fitt~ng~ llowever~ the lubricating tool must be held firmly against the projection 64 whèn sup~lying lubricant~ The projection 64 takes up minimal extra room and i5 advantageous ~hen space around the uni~yersal joint is limited.
At the inner sur~ace of the bearing cup 54 i5 a shallow cylindrical recess 56 ~hich is slmilar to the recess 42 and in which the one-way valYe 44 ca,n be located, being staked at 68.
Again~ the one-wa~ valYe 44 ~ill open away from the inner surface from the bearing cup under relatively low pressure to enable ~5-~1~ 3~
lubricant to enter. At the same time~ it is effectiye to prevent contaminants from entering and lubricant from leaking QUt~
Referring to Fig. 4, the cross 10 is shown with a slightl~ modified bearing cup 70 similar to the bearing cups 16 and 54 but ~rith a slightly modified lubricating means 72. In th~is instance~ a passage or opening 74 extends from the outer surface of the 'bearing cu~p 70 to the inner surface ~ith flaring ends similar to those 'in Fig. 3.' However~ the outer surface 10 around the opening 74 is contoured in a projection 76 shaped similar tQ a Zerk ,fitting but ~;horter since there is no spring-Qaded hall check v~lYe to contend ~ith~ The one-way valve 44 can be located at the inner surface~ in a shallo~ recess 78 and staked at 80.
Referring to Fig~ 6 a m~dified one-way valve 82 can be employed in ~lace of the Yalve 44 in any of the bearing cups, the bearing c~lp 16 being sho~n ln this instance. The valve 82 includes~ a discr~like member 84 having a C-shaped slot 86 forming a central flapper portion 88~ T~e porti~n 88 is aligned with 20 the lubrication opening 30 of the bearing cup and opens w~en lubricant under pressure i~ supplied therethrough. Otherwise, the flapper 88 ~,s contiguous ~ith the'inner surface of the cup, bet,ng held in the recess 42 by the stakes 52. The flapper por-tion 88 also opens reIatively easilyr wi-th a relatively large area being exposed to the lubricant, due to the flared inner end of the lubricant opening 30.
Various modifications of the above described embodiments of the inyention ~ill be apparent to those skilled in the art, and it is to be understood that such modifications can be made without 30, departing from the scope of the invention, if they are within the spirit and the tenor of the accompanying claims.
Claims (5)
1. A cross and bearing cup combination for a universal joint, said cross having a trunnion, said bearing cup being po-sitioned around said trunnion and having a central opening extend-ing therethrough, said cup having a recess at the outer surface thereof concentric with said opening and being contoured to re-ceive and closely fit with a nozzle of a lubricating tool, said bearing cup having a central, short cylindrical projection on the outer surface in which said recess is located, and a valve carried by said cup at the inner surface around said opening and having a portion aligned with said opening, said portion being effective to move away from the inner surface when lubricant under pressure is supplied through said opening from the outer surface to enable lubricant to enter the cup through said opening.
2. A cross and bearing cup combination for a universal joint, said cross having a trunnion with a solid cross section at its base, said bearing cup being positioned around said trunnion and having a central opening extending therethrough, an outer, structurally integral ! central portion of said cup at said opening having an outer surface which is contoured to receive and closely fit with a nozzle of a lubricating tool, said cup having a shallow recess on the inner surface thereof concentric with said opening, and a valve located in said recess and having a valve portion aligned with said opening, edges of said valve being engaged by staked portions of a peripheral wall of the recess, said valve portion being effective to move away from the inner surface when lubricant under pressure is supplied through said opening from the outer surface to enable lubricant to enter the cup through said opening.
3. A cross and bearing cup combination for a universal joint, said cross having a trunnion with a solid cross section at its base, said bearing cup being positioned around said trun-nion and having a central passage extending therethrough, with the outer surface of said bearing cup at the outer end of said passage having a recess with a truncated conical surface and an outer flared surface which are contoured to receive and closely fit with a nozzle of a lubricating tool, and a valve carried by said cup at the inner surface around said passage and having a portion aligned with said passage, said passage having an outwardly flar-ing surface at its inner end communicating with said portion where-by said portion moves away from the inner surface when lubricant under pressure is supplied through said passage from the outer surface to enable lubricant to enter the cup through said passage.
4. A cross and bearing cup combination according to claim 3 characterized by said cup having a shallow recess on the inner surface thereof concentric with the outwardly flaring surface at the inner end of said passage, said valve being affixed in said shallow recess with the aid of the side walls of the shallow re-cess.
5. The combination according to claim 3 characterized by said opening flaring outwardly at its inner end in communication with said portion to enable said portion to move away from the inner surface of the cup at lower pressure than otherwise.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US027,243 | 1979-04-03 | ||
| US2724379A | 1979-04-05 | 1979-04-05 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1133709A true CA1133709A (en) | 1982-10-19 |
Family
ID=21836541
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA348,030A Expired CA1133709A (en) | 1979-04-03 | 1980-03-20 | Universal joint with lubricating means |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1133709A (en) |
-
1980
- 1980-03-20 CA CA348,030A patent/CA1133709A/en not_active Expired
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |