CA1133457A - Catalyseur d'hydrometallisation, et procede ayant recours audit catalyseur - Google Patents
Catalyseur d'hydrometallisation, et procede ayant recours audit catalyseurInfo
- Publication number
- CA1133457A CA1133457A CA336,465A CA336465A CA1133457A CA 1133457 A CA1133457 A CA 1133457A CA 336465 A CA336465 A CA 336465A CA 1133457 A CA1133457 A CA 1133457A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- catalyst
- mpa
- metal
- psig
- scfb
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 231
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 103
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 103
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 60
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 60
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 57
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 46
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 45
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 43
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 38
- 235000014786 phosphorus Nutrition 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000000306 component Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical group [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 41
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 20
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 19
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- JKQOBWVOAYFWKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum trioxide Chemical compound O=[Mo](=O)=O JKQOBWVOAYFWKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 15
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 14
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 13
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 11
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- ILRRQNADMUWWFW-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium phosphate Chemical compound O1[Al]2OP1(=O)O2 ILRRQNADMUWWFW-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 10
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000008186 active pharmaceutical agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 6
- APUPEJJSWDHEBO-UHFFFAOYSA-P ammonium molybdate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O APUPEJJSWDHEBO-UHFFFAOYSA-P 0.000 description 5
- 239000011609 ammonium molybdate Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229940010552 ammonium molybdate Drugs 0.000 description 5
- 235000018660 ammonium molybdate Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- -1 boria Chemical compound 0.000 description 5
- 238000004523 catalytic cracking Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000016768 molybdenum Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 229910001392 phosphorus oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011550 stock solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000011021 bench scale process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004517 catalytic hydrocracking Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010431 corundum Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052809 inorganic oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000001465 metallisation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000002902 organometallic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 3
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011269 tar Substances 0.000 description 3
- VSAISIQCTGDGPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraphosphorus hexaoxide Chemical compound O1P(O2)OP3OP1OP2O3 VSAISIQCTGDGPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;sodium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Na+].[Al+3] ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ceric oxide Chemical compound O=[Ce]=O CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000422 cerium(IV) oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003009 desulfurizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010763 heavy fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- KBJMLQFLOWQJNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel(ii) nitrate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O KBJMLQFLOWQJNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- LFGREXWGYUGZLY-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoryl Chemical class [P]=O LFGREXWGYUGZLY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001388 sodium aluminate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011275 tar sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZCUFMDLYAMJYST-UHFFFAOYSA-N thorium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Th]=O ZCUFMDLYAMJYST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- TVEXGJYMHHTVKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-oxabicyclo[3.2.1]oct-3-en-7-one Chemical compound C1C2C(=O)OC1C=CC2 TVEXGJYMHHTVKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000008331 Pinus X rigitaeda Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011613 Pinus brutia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000018646 Pinus brutia Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010037660 Pyrexia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002730 additional effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H aluminium sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002939 deleterious effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002506 iron compounds Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000012263 liquid product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000005609 naphthenate group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002524 organometallic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011236 particulate material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005504 petroleum refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000011007 phosphoric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002574 poison Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229920000136 polysorbate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000004032 porphyrins Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002028 premature Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036647 reaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012798 spherical particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005987 sulfurization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/60—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J27/00—Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
- B01J27/14—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof
- B01J27/186—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof with arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
- B01J27/188—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof with arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium with chromium, molybdenum, tungsten or polonium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/60—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
- B01J35/61—Surface area
- B01J35/615—100-500 m2/g
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/60—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
- B01J35/63—Pore volume
- B01J35/635—0.5-1.0 ml/g
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/60—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
- B01J35/63—Pore volume
- B01J35/638—Pore volume more than 1.0 ml/g
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/60—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
- B01J35/64—Pore diameter
- B01J35/647—2-50 nm
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/10—Feedstock materials
- C10G2300/107—Atmospheric residues having a boiling point of at least about 538 °C
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US94649978A | 1978-09-28 | 1978-09-28 | |
| US946,499 | 1978-09-28 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1133457A true CA1133457A (fr) | 1982-10-12 |
Family
ID=25484560
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA336,465A Expired CA1133457A (fr) | 1978-09-28 | 1979-09-27 | Catalyseur d'hydrometallisation, et procede ayant recours audit catalyseur |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AU (1) | AU530497B2 (fr) |
| CA (1) | CA1133457A (fr) |
| GB (1) | GB2032796B (fr) |
| IT (1) | IT1164709B (fr) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AU547464B2 (en) * | 1981-06-17 | 1985-10-24 | Amoco Corporation | Catalyst for hydrotreating hydrocarbon feed |
| CA1243976A (fr) * | 1982-12-06 | 1988-11-01 | Amoco Corporation | Procede et catalyseur d'hydrotraitement |
| US4450068A (en) * | 1982-12-20 | 1984-05-22 | Phillips Petroleum Company | Demetallization of hydrocarbon containing feed streams |
| US4430207A (en) * | 1983-05-17 | 1984-02-07 | Phillips Petroleum Company | Demetallization of hydrocarbon containing feed streams |
| US4534852A (en) * | 1984-11-30 | 1985-08-13 | Shell Oil Company | Single-stage hydrotreating process for converting pitch to conversion process feedstock |
| EP0203228B2 (fr) * | 1985-05-21 | 1996-10-23 | Shell Internationale Researchmaatschappij B.V. | Procédé d'hydrotraitement en une étape |
-
1979
- 1979-08-29 AU AU50404/79A patent/AU530497B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1979-09-25 IT IT50352/79A patent/IT1164709B/it active
- 1979-09-27 CA CA336,465A patent/CA1133457A/fr not_active Expired
- 1979-09-28 GB GB7933779A patent/GB2032796B/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| IT7950352A0 (it) | 1979-09-25 |
| AU530497B2 (en) | 1983-07-21 |
| IT1164709B (it) | 1987-04-15 |
| GB2032796B (en) | 1983-02-02 |
| GB2032796A (en) | 1980-05-14 |
| AU5040479A (en) | 1980-04-03 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |