CA1132765A - Windshield wiper linkage and method of assembly - Google Patents
Windshield wiper linkage and method of assemblyInfo
- Publication number
- CA1132765A CA1132765A CA350,236A CA350236A CA1132765A CA 1132765 A CA1132765 A CA 1132765A CA 350236 A CA350236 A CA 350236A CA 1132765 A CA1132765 A CA 1132765A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- aperture
- linkage
- periphery
- groove
- socket member
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Landscapes
- Pivots And Pivotal Connections (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
A ball socket member is formed of yieldable semi-rigid plastic material, having external ears posi-tioned to engage key slots and internal axially extend-ing lubrication distribution and relief slots posi-tioned in alignment with the ears. The slots termi-nate at the open edge, the lubricant being retained by a closed cell seal of cellular material. An ex-ternal circumferential groove receives the periphery of an opening in a linkage member, the periphery being deformed and of the plane of the surface of the link-age to produce an effective thickness approximately the thickness of the groove, providing a method and construction to assure a secure fit in cases where the thickness of the linkage material is either greater than or less than the width of the groove.
A ball socket member is formed of yieldable semi-rigid plastic material, having external ears posi-tioned to engage key slots and internal axially extend-ing lubrication distribution and relief slots posi-tioned in alignment with the ears. The slots termi-nate at the open edge, the lubricant being retained by a closed cell seal of cellular material. An ex-ternal circumferential groove receives the periphery of an opening in a linkage member, the periphery being deformed and of the plane of the surface of the link-age to produce an effective thickness approximately the thickness of the groove, providing a method and construction to assure a secure fit in cases where the thickness of the linkage material is either greater than or less than the width of the groove.
Description
~32~;'6~
WINDSHIELD WIPER LINKAGE AND MET~IOD 0~ ASSEMBL,Y
Background of the Invention The present invention relates to a ball joint as-sembly, and more particularly, to a ball joint assem-~ly utili~ing a one piece semi-rigid, plastic socket 5 member for use in connecting a windshield wiper transmission linkage for motor vehicles where sub-stantial pivotal and canting movement occurs.
Ball socket members of plastic material are known in the prior art. Examples of such ball socket mem-10 bers for a windshield wiper transmission linkage aredisclosed in U.S. Patents 3,749,431, 3,845,998 and 3,853,414. In these known ball socket bushings either no seal is provided for retaining lubricant and preventing entrance of contaminants or a lip 15 type seal integral with the ball socket is provided to ef~ect a seal by engaging against a portion of the ball stud. In these prior art bushings, to effect a good sealing engagement the bush`ing must be formed of yieldable elastomer, as for example, poly-20 urathane. Due to the severe multi-directional forces applied in a windshield wiper linkage a highly yieldable bushing results in excessive movement at the joints. Such excessive movement can produce dis-tortion of the normal wiping pattern and cause the ?5 blade to overrun t,he molding about the windshield.
It is therefore advantageous that a strong, rigid socket member be utiliæed. Since a multiplicity of linkage members and joints are used in these linkages it is advantageous for economy purposes to utilize a 30 socket member of one sizé and design for the entire linkage system. This presents a problem because of design and cost considerations. Metals of different ' ' . .
` ~
, . ~ , . ' : . , ,.:
. - .
, ' ' ~ :: : . ' ' : .
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thickness in the various linkage members are em-ployed depending upon space and design requirements.
The socket members may be pre~lubricated. Use of a semi-rigid material in known socket members can cause 5 fracturing during assembly due to pressure created by the entrapment of excess grease.
Summar~ of the Inven~tion It is an object of this invention to provide a novel, 10 improved one piece ball and socket joint which over-comes the aforementioned difficulties and produces advantageous features such as rigidity, strength, resistance to fracture and relief or pressure due to entrapment of lubricant during assembly.
Another object of the invention is to provide an improved ball and socket member which will fit se-curely on linkage members of various thicknezsses.
A still further object is to provide a sealing ar-rangement to prevent entry of water, durt and other 20 contaminants to the interior of the ball socket mem-ber and to retain the lubricant.
Other objects and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following detailed description tkane in connection with the accompanying drawings.
Description of the Drawings Fig. 1 is a partial perspective view of a motor vehicle showing a windshield wiper which incorporates the present invention;
Fig. 2 is an exploded perspective view of a trans-mission linkage joint assembly of this invention;
Fig. 3 is a cross sectional view taken on line III-III of Fib. 2 showing the joint assembly in ` assembled condition;
': ~ ' . . ' ' ' . . - . .
.
~3Z~7~;5 Fig. 4 illustrates a modified form of a linkage aperture in perspective; and Fig. 5 is a sectional view taken on line V-V of Fig. 4.
Detailed Description Referring to the drawings in particular, Fig. 1 illustrates a motor vehicle 10 having a windshield wiper linkage transmission 12 including a connecting 10 arm or first linkage member 14, a crank arm or sec~
ond linkage member 16 and a ball joint 18 connecting the crank arm 16 and the connecting arm 14. A motor (not shown) drives the connecting arm 14 to oscil-late a pivot shaft (not shown) mounted in a pivot 15 body 20. A wiper arm and blade assembly 22 is se-cured to the pivot shaft for oscillation therewith.
In Figs. 2 and 3 the components of the ball joint assembly 18 are illustrated. In Fig. 2 a linkage member 14 is shown having an aperture 24 adjacent 20 its ends with radially extending key slots 26 dia-metrically spaced from each other. On the periphery of the aperture 24 are forme~d circumferentially spaced deformations 27 for a purpose to be herein-after described. A ball socket member 28 is shown 25 for reception in the aperture 24 as shown in Fig. 3.
The ball socket member is of semi-rigid p~astic ma-terial having a stress level which renders it yield-able to the pressure applied during insertion into the aperture 24; it is also yieldable ta the forces 30 applied during insertion of the ball stem member.
However, the stress level is resistant to yielding from the canting forces applled during operation of the wiper system. ZYTEL(R) ST 801 nylon resin manu-factured by E. I. Dupont de Nemours & Co., Inc. and , .
: ' ~3Z7~5 VALOX(R) 310 thermoplastic polyester manufactured by Teneral Electric Co. are examples of materials having such characteristics, In accordance with the broader aspects of the invention other and different - 5 materials exhibiting similar properties as described may be employed.
The ball socket member 28 may include external ears 33 diametrically spaced from each other and position-ed to interrupt a circumferential external groove 14 10 which interengages the periphery of the aperture 24 to retain the ball socket on the first linka~e mem-ber 14. The deformations 27 are provided to approxi-mate the width of groove 34 so that a secure, tight fit is achieved. The linkage member 14' shown in 15 Fig. 3 does not require the deformations 27 since it is of a thickness substantially equal to the width of the groove 34. In the Fig. 4 embodiment the periph-ery of the aperture 34 is dished as at 29 to accomo-date the groove 34 securely when the thickness of 20 the linkage member 14 is 6reater than the width of the groove 34.
The ball socket 28 has an internal cylindrical re-cess 16, closed at one end, forming a lubricant socket; it terminates at its other end in a substan-25 tially spherical hollow portion 38 which in turnterminates in an open ended cylindrical portion 40 of smaller diameter than the diameter of the spheri-cal portion 38. A pair of internal slots 42 in alignment with the ears 32 extend from the open end 30 of the cylindrical recess 40 and serve as lubricant relief slots as well as lubricant distribution means.
Location of the slots 42 in alignment with ears 32 permits the slots to be of an effective depth while maintaining the notched impact strength; this ar-35 ran~ement embraces resistance to fracturing during .~
- . :
:
~3~7tj5 assembly and operation.
The second linkage member 16 has secured at an end thereof a ball stem or stud 30 comprising a cylindri-cal end portion 44 received in aperture 46 and peened 5 over as at 48. The ball stem 30 includes a substan-tially spherical head 50 corresponding in si~e and shape to the spherical hollow portion 38 of the ball socket 28; it terminates in a cylindrical ball por-tion 52 corresponding to the cylindrical recess 36 10 and is of greater diameter than the stem 44 forming a shoulder 54 therebetween which seats on the pe-riphery of the aperture 46. A seal 56 is provided which may be of polyurethane or any other suitable or desirable closed cell cellular material. The 15 seal 56 encircles the base portion 52 and is re-tained by the ball 50.
A noveI method of securing the ball socket 28 to the first linkage 14 comprises the steps of forming an aperture in the linkage melnber 14 and deforming 20 the aperture as at 27 or 2~ to obtain an effective thickness on the periphery Qf the aperture approxi-mating the width of the groove 34 of the ball socket 28. Therea~ter the ball socket 28 is passed into the aperture 24 with the ears 32 in alignment with 25 the key slots 26 and pressure is applied until the groove 34 engages the peripher~ of the paerture 24 whereupon it is securely retained in position. The ears 32 interrupt the groove 34 so as to serve as keys for retaining the ball socket against rotation 30 and also to reinforce the axially slotted portion.
The link 16 with the ball stem or stud 30 and the seal 56 attached is inserted through cyllndrical opening 40 and pressure is applied until the cylin-drical portion 50 of the ball 30 snaps into the : .
:.
, ' . .
~3276S
spherical hollow portion 38 of the ball socket 28.
Sufficient pressure is applied to cause yielding of the ball socket member 28 so as to permit entry of the ball stud into the spherical socket. The axial slots 42 form a relier path for expulsion of ex-cessive grease which would otherwise be entrapped and thus be likely to cause fracturing of the socket member body. The stresses resulting are below the threshold at which the ball socket is likely to fracture. When the ball stem 30 is seated in the socket member 28 the periphery 58 of the open end of the ball socket 28 will seat on the seal 56 compress-ing it slightly. While driving the ball stud 30 into the hollow of the ball socket 28 any excess lubricant within the bal socket will be expelled through the slots 42 and absorbed by the seal 56. Compressing the seal 56 serves to obviate the entry of contami-nants into the hollow. The urethane seal 56 being resilient permits canting of the linkage members relative to each other.
In cases where the groove 34 is of smaller width than the thickness of the linkage, as shown in Fig.
4, a peripheral depression or dished periphery is formed having a greater diameter than the diameter of the upper shoulder of the slot 34 resulting in a peripheral edge of a width approximately the width of the groove 34 thereby effecting a secure, tight fit of the ball socket 28 in the aperture 24. If the thickness of the linkage is equivalent to the thickness of the groove 34 the peripheral forming operation may be deleted.
A transmission linkage assembly incorporating a unique ball and socket joint with an improved one piece semi-rigid 3 fracture resistant ball socket - - ~ . , - . . . :
member has been shown for the purposes of illustra-tion. A unique seal has been shown and described.
A method of assembly which permits use of a one shape and size ball socket for linkage members of varying thicknesses has been shown and described for the pur-poses of illustration. It will, of course, be under-stood however, that other methods of assembly and details of construction may be utilized in accord-ance with the broader aspects of the invention and that the peripheral deformation about the aperture and linkage may be varied in shape and size. There-fore, although certain specific embodiments of the invention have been shwon and described for the pur-pose of illustration it will of course be understood that other embodiments and modifications which come within the scope of the invention may be employed.
, , , - . ..
WINDSHIELD WIPER LINKAGE AND MET~IOD 0~ ASSEMBL,Y
Background of the Invention The present invention relates to a ball joint as-sembly, and more particularly, to a ball joint assem-~ly utili~ing a one piece semi-rigid, plastic socket 5 member for use in connecting a windshield wiper transmission linkage for motor vehicles where sub-stantial pivotal and canting movement occurs.
Ball socket members of plastic material are known in the prior art. Examples of such ball socket mem-10 bers for a windshield wiper transmission linkage aredisclosed in U.S. Patents 3,749,431, 3,845,998 and 3,853,414. In these known ball socket bushings either no seal is provided for retaining lubricant and preventing entrance of contaminants or a lip 15 type seal integral with the ball socket is provided to ef~ect a seal by engaging against a portion of the ball stud. In these prior art bushings, to effect a good sealing engagement the bush`ing must be formed of yieldable elastomer, as for example, poly-20 urathane. Due to the severe multi-directional forces applied in a windshield wiper linkage a highly yieldable bushing results in excessive movement at the joints. Such excessive movement can produce dis-tortion of the normal wiping pattern and cause the ?5 blade to overrun t,he molding about the windshield.
It is therefore advantageous that a strong, rigid socket member be utiliæed. Since a multiplicity of linkage members and joints are used in these linkages it is advantageous for economy purposes to utilize a 30 socket member of one sizé and design for the entire linkage system. This presents a problem because of design and cost considerations. Metals of different ' ' . .
` ~
, . ~ , . ' : . , ,.:
. - .
, ' ' ~ :: : . ' ' : .
~3Z7~
thickness in the various linkage members are em-ployed depending upon space and design requirements.
The socket members may be pre~lubricated. Use of a semi-rigid material in known socket members can cause 5 fracturing during assembly due to pressure created by the entrapment of excess grease.
Summar~ of the Inven~tion It is an object of this invention to provide a novel, 10 improved one piece ball and socket joint which over-comes the aforementioned difficulties and produces advantageous features such as rigidity, strength, resistance to fracture and relief or pressure due to entrapment of lubricant during assembly.
Another object of the invention is to provide an improved ball and socket member which will fit se-curely on linkage members of various thicknezsses.
A still further object is to provide a sealing ar-rangement to prevent entry of water, durt and other 20 contaminants to the interior of the ball socket mem-ber and to retain the lubricant.
Other objects and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following detailed description tkane in connection with the accompanying drawings.
Description of the Drawings Fig. 1 is a partial perspective view of a motor vehicle showing a windshield wiper which incorporates the present invention;
Fig. 2 is an exploded perspective view of a trans-mission linkage joint assembly of this invention;
Fig. 3 is a cross sectional view taken on line III-III of Fib. 2 showing the joint assembly in ` assembled condition;
': ~ ' . . ' ' ' . . - . .
.
~3Z~7~;5 Fig. 4 illustrates a modified form of a linkage aperture in perspective; and Fig. 5 is a sectional view taken on line V-V of Fig. 4.
Detailed Description Referring to the drawings in particular, Fig. 1 illustrates a motor vehicle 10 having a windshield wiper linkage transmission 12 including a connecting 10 arm or first linkage member 14, a crank arm or sec~
ond linkage member 16 and a ball joint 18 connecting the crank arm 16 and the connecting arm 14. A motor (not shown) drives the connecting arm 14 to oscil-late a pivot shaft (not shown) mounted in a pivot 15 body 20. A wiper arm and blade assembly 22 is se-cured to the pivot shaft for oscillation therewith.
In Figs. 2 and 3 the components of the ball joint assembly 18 are illustrated. In Fig. 2 a linkage member 14 is shown having an aperture 24 adjacent 20 its ends with radially extending key slots 26 dia-metrically spaced from each other. On the periphery of the aperture 24 are forme~d circumferentially spaced deformations 27 for a purpose to be herein-after described. A ball socket member 28 is shown 25 for reception in the aperture 24 as shown in Fig. 3.
The ball socket member is of semi-rigid p~astic ma-terial having a stress level which renders it yield-able to the pressure applied during insertion into the aperture 24; it is also yieldable ta the forces 30 applied during insertion of the ball stem member.
However, the stress level is resistant to yielding from the canting forces applled during operation of the wiper system. ZYTEL(R) ST 801 nylon resin manu-factured by E. I. Dupont de Nemours & Co., Inc. and , .
: ' ~3Z7~5 VALOX(R) 310 thermoplastic polyester manufactured by Teneral Electric Co. are examples of materials having such characteristics, In accordance with the broader aspects of the invention other and different - 5 materials exhibiting similar properties as described may be employed.
The ball socket member 28 may include external ears 33 diametrically spaced from each other and position-ed to interrupt a circumferential external groove 14 10 which interengages the periphery of the aperture 24 to retain the ball socket on the first linka~e mem-ber 14. The deformations 27 are provided to approxi-mate the width of groove 34 so that a secure, tight fit is achieved. The linkage member 14' shown in 15 Fig. 3 does not require the deformations 27 since it is of a thickness substantially equal to the width of the groove 34. In the Fig. 4 embodiment the periph-ery of the aperture 34 is dished as at 29 to accomo-date the groove 34 securely when the thickness of 20 the linkage member 14 is 6reater than the width of the groove 34.
The ball socket 28 has an internal cylindrical re-cess 16, closed at one end, forming a lubricant socket; it terminates at its other end in a substan-25 tially spherical hollow portion 38 which in turnterminates in an open ended cylindrical portion 40 of smaller diameter than the diameter of the spheri-cal portion 38. A pair of internal slots 42 in alignment with the ears 32 extend from the open end 30 of the cylindrical recess 40 and serve as lubricant relief slots as well as lubricant distribution means.
Location of the slots 42 in alignment with ears 32 permits the slots to be of an effective depth while maintaining the notched impact strength; this ar-35 ran~ement embraces resistance to fracturing during .~
- . :
:
~3~7tj5 assembly and operation.
The second linkage member 16 has secured at an end thereof a ball stem or stud 30 comprising a cylindri-cal end portion 44 received in aperture 46 and peened 5 over as at 48. The ball stem 30 includes a substan-tially spherical head 50 corresponding in si~e and shape to the spherical hollow portion 38 of the ball socket 28; it terminates in a cylindrical ball por-tion 52 corresponding to the cylindrical recess 36 10 and is of greater diameter than the stem 44 forming a shoulder 54 therebetween which seats on the pe-riphery of the aperture 46. A seal 56 is provided which may be of polyurethane or any other suitable or desirable closed cell cellular material. The 15 seal 56 encircles the base portion 52 and is re-tained by the ball 50.
A noveI method of securing the ball socket 28 to the first linkage 14 comprises the steps of forming an aperture in the linkage melnber 14 and deforming 20 the aperture as at 27 or 2~ to obtain an effective thickness on the periphery Qf the aperture approxi-mating the width of the groove 34 of the ball socket 28. Therea~ter the ball socket 28 is passed into the aperture 24 with the ears 32 in alignment with 25 the key slots 26 and pressure is applied until the groove 34 engages the peripher~ of the paerture 24 whereupon it is securely retained in position. The ears 32 interrupt the groove 34 so as to serve as keys for retaining the ball socket against rotation 30 and also to reinforce the axially slotted portion.
The link 16 with the ball stem or stud 30 and the seal 56 attached is inserted through cyllndrical opening 40 and pressure is applied until the cylin-drical portion 50 of the ball 30 snaps into the : .
:.
, ' . .
~3276S
spherical hollow portion 38 of the ball socket 28.
Sufficient pressure is applied to cause yielding of the ball socket member 28 so as to permit entry of the ball stud into the spherical socket. The axial slots 42 form a relier path for expulsion of ex-cessive grease which would otherwise be entrapped and thus be likely to cause fracturing of the socket member body. The stresses resulting are below the threshold at which the ball socket is likely to fracture. When the ball stem 30 is seated in the socket member 28 the periphery 58 of the open end of the ball socket 28 will seat on the seal 56 compress-ing it slightly. While driving the ball stud 30 into the hollow of the ball socket 28 any excess lubricant within the bal socket will be expelled through the slots 42 and absorbed by the seal 56. Compressing the seal 56 serves to obviate the entry of contami-nants into the hollow. The urethane seal 56 being resilient permits canting of the linkage members relative to each other.
In cases where the groove 34 is of smaller width than the thickness of the linkage, as shown in Fig.
4, a peripheral depression or dished periphery is formed having a greater diameter than the diameter of the upper shoulder of the slot 34 resulting in a peripheral edge of a width approximately the width of the groove 34 thereby effecting a secure, tight fit of the ball socket 28 in the aperture 24. If the thickness of the linkage is equivalent to the thickness of the groove 34 the peripheral forming operation may be deleted.
A transmission linkage assembly incorporating a unique ball and socket joint with an improved one piece semi-rigid 3 fracture resistant ball socket - - ~ . , - . . . :
member has been shown for the purposes of illustra-tion. A unique seal has been shown and described.
A method of assembly which permits use of a one shape and size ball socket for linkage members of varying thicknesses has been shown and described for the pur-poses of illustration. It will, of course, be under-stood however, that other methods of assembly and details of construction may be utilized in accord-ance with the broader aspects of the invention and that the peripheral deformation about the aperture and linkage may be varied in shape and size. There-fore, although certain specific embodiments of the invention have been shwon and described for the pur-pose of illustration it will of course be understood that other embodiments and modifications which come within the scope of the invention may be employed.
, , , - . ..
Claims (7)
OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. In a transmission linkage assembly for windshield wiper systems including a first linkage member having an aperture including one or more radially extending key slots therethrough, a one piece socket member comprising an internal hollow spherical portion, terminating in an open ended cylindrical portion the socket member being engaged in said aperture, said socket member having one or more external ears posi-tioned to engage said key slots for retaining said socket member against rotation and a second linkage member having a substantially spherical ball termi-nating in a cylindrical stem affixed thereto and re-ceived in said socket member through the cylindrical end opening characterized in that said socket member is of semi-rigid plastic material having a stress level yieldable without fracturing to the pressure applied during insertion of the ball stem but which will resist yielding to the pressure applied during operation, said socket member includes internal axially extending lubrication distribution and relief slots extending through the edge of the open end and in alignment with said ears and a seal of closed cell, cellular, resilient material is disposed in com-pression between the periphery of the cylindrical open end of said socket and the surface of said sec-ond linkage member circumscribing said cylindrical stem.
2. A transmission linkage assembly according to claim 1 wherein said ball socket member includes a circumferential groove on its external surface inter-rupted by said ears, said groove being interengaged with the periphery of said aperture with said ears lying within said key slots characterized in that the periphery of said aperture in said first linkage mem-ber is deformed from the plane of the surface of said first linkage member to approximate the width of said groove whereby the ball socket member is held in secure interengagement with said first linkage member.
3. A transmission linkage assembly according to claim 2 characterized in that the periphery of said aperture in said first linkage member is deformed at circumferentially spaced areas.
4. A transmission linkage assembly according to claim 2 characterized in that the periphery of the aperture in said first linkage member is deformed in a dished configuration, the diameter of the dished configuration being greater than the diameter of the base of the ball socket member.
5. A method of assembling a semi-rigid plastic ball socket member having a circumferential external groove in secure interengagement with a linkage mem-ber comprising the steps of forming an aperture in the linkage member, deforming the periphery of the aperture to alter the effective thickness of the periphery of the aperture of the linkage member to approximate the width of the groove, inserting the ball socket member into the aperture; applying a force to the ball socket member in the direction through the aperture until the periphery of the aperture engages the groove.
6. A method of assembling a semi-rigid plastic ball socket member having a circumferential external groove in secure interengagement with a linkage mem-ber according to claim 5 comprising deforming the periphery of the aperture at circumferentially spaced areas to increase the effective thickness of the periphery of the aperture of the linkage member to approximate the width of the groove.
7. A method of assembling a semi-rigid plastic ball socket member having a circumferential external groove in secure interengagement with a linkage member ac-cording to claim 6 comprising deforming the periphery of the aperture in a dished configuration to decrease the effective thickness of the periphery of the aperture of the linkage member to approximate the width of the groove.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA350,236A CA1132765A (en) | 1980-04-21 | 1980-04-21 | Windshield wiper linkage and method of assembly |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA350,236A CA1132765A (en) | 1980-04-21 | 1980-04-21 | Windshield wiper linkage and method of assembly |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1132765A true CA1132765A (en) | 1982-10-05 |
Family
ID=4116745
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA350,236A Expired CA1132765A (en) | 1980-04-21 | 1980-04-21 | Windshield wiper linkage and method of assembly |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1132765A (en) |
-
1980
- 1980-04-21 CA CA350,236A patent/CA1132765A/en not_active Expired
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |